our lady of the caves, next to the mother of god are two metropolitans, peter and alexei, the most famous, our metropolitans, saints for the moscow kremlin, this is very important. the plot of the lower part of the icon refers to the beginning of the 15th century, the salvation of moscow from the troops of khan mehmetger. according to the legend of the ascension monastery, which was located on this very spot. there was a blind nun and she had a vision that the cathedral of moscow saints through the frolovsky gate, as the spasskaya tower was then called, was leaving the capital, only the intercession of sergei radonichsky and varlaamakhutonsky brought the witnesses back to the capital. on the same day, news arrived that the crimean khan mehmet giray had lifted the siege and left the walls of moscow.

but what was the historical appearance of the icons whose images symbolized such significant events in russian history. they said that on those facades of the towers that faced the kremlin, the images were completely lost, those that were painted in the fresco technique were cleaned off, those icons that were painted on or on wood or metal were destroyed, but research allowed restore iconographic programs determine the time, the most optimal, of the existence of these... those very images,

to find out what the destroyed icons looked like, we went to the shchusev research institute of architecture, where restorers painstakingly collected all the known photographs, engravings and watercolors with images of the kremlin gatehouses, starting from the 15th century. this watercolor shows a... the icon case of the spasskaya tower from the inside, this is a rather rare view, because the kremlin was usually depicted from the outside, yes, and here we are still talking about the time before the war of 1912, that is, the kremlin that had not yet suffered from napoleon. and here let's make another very important digression and go to the small town of mozhaisk.

mozhaisk. an ancient outpost of the russian state since vladimir monomakh founded a wooden kremlin here in 1113. it was the largest city and the strongest fortress on the western borders of the muscovite state. it was then that the expression appeared to drive the enemy beyond the mozhaisk border, that is, to drive the enemy beyond the borders russian land. once in the 20th century, the enemy besieged the city, then st. nicholas with a sword appeared in the sky.

nikolskaya tower with the image of st. nicholas of mozhaisk protects the heart of our russia, and here st. nicholas of mozhaisk protects the borders of the moscow principality. the hatred of the european conquerors for the saint was almost irrational. the french partially blew up the nikolskaya tower, but only the icon with st. nicholas stood firm, napoleon himself was looking for the image of the saint in mozhaisk. but the residents walled up the revered image in the wall of the cathedral, a century and a half later this place was find. this is the supposed place where in 1812 the residents of mazhaisk hid the image of st. nicholas to save it from the invasion of napoleon's army, they laid it with masonry, whitewashed it, so the image was preserved. and in exactly the same way, more than 100 years later,

unknown restorers saved the icons under a layer of plaster on the nikolskaya spasskaya towers of the kremlin, which from the first days began to irritate the bolsheviks so much. notes of the commandant of the kremlin, pavel malkov. dirty, blackened, almost entirely with broken glass and long extinguished lamps. they were sticking out in the troitskaya tower. at the very entrance to the kremlin above the massive gates that tightly closed the passages in the spasskaya, nikolskaya, borovitskaya towers. this is the recollection of a former baltic sailor and the first commandant of the kremlin pavel malkov. in them, malkov claimed that fate.

dosov people's commissar, we called the tsar bell leveled with the annunciation cathedral. here i asked vladimir ilyach if the icons should not be removed? ilyich said correctly, they should definitely be removed. but they did not manage to remove them right away, the public resisted, because the gatekeepers had not only spiritual and artistic value, they were a symbol of the struggle of the moscow state for sovereignty and independence.

ancient pskov, which for centuries held back the onslaught of the west, is called the house of the holy trinity on the gates of the pskov kremlin and... today you can see the icon of the holy trinity, it is not identical to the one that was recreated on the troitskaya tower of the moscow kremlin, but their spiritual, protective connection is undeniable. now i am doing gilded work on the image of the trinity icon for the troitskaya tower of the moscow kremlin, then this gold will be beautifully divided with blackening, the wings of angels will be gilded, all the halos of saints will be gilded. you see a unique document, this is a passport of the monuments of the moscow kremlin of the early 20th century. in the inventory of the fortress walls and towers of the kremlin, employees of the central state restoration workshops left sensational

information for researchers. in 1930, the frescoes above the spassky, well, here nikolsky troitsky gates were covered with plaster through a net. and here. just based on this point from this passports, well, we thought that something had still been preserved on the troitsky gates, but probing the walls yielded no results. the artists recreated the holy trinity, painted faces, constantly harmonized with the canon: we take as a basis some works, icons, in this case, the royal masters, from which we make, as it were, copies of the recreation. this image

is the most important for our country. quite recently , andrei rublev's masterpiece, the icon of the holy trinity, returned to the lavra of st. sergius of radonish, where the abbot of the russian land blessed prince dmitry donskoy on victorious battle of kulikovo, to bow to the great shrine of iraq with the relics of the founder of the monastery came president vladimir putin. all russian gate images were of a defensive nature, guarding the country along the perimeter, from the east, south, north and west, their location above the defensive towers had a deep meaning. you are cute.

accordingly, each of the towers of this fortification structure, the outpost of our

state, the same outpost is the pskov-pecharsky monastery, the westernmost borders, which are connected with centuries-old events, the offensive from our, let's say, unfriendly countries, the heroic defense of our state, our fatherland, the security communications of the pskov land.

the precise strokes of the image of the kazan mother of god with angels on the inside of the nikolskaya tower helped to recreate archival photographs. and this is one of the early images of the kremlin strelnitsa, which we are showing on television for the first time. such an unusual image for modern perception of the nikolskaya tower, decorated with coronation. year the tower still has such a fairly laconic image before, respectively, before its

reconstruction, also visible passage above it accordingly the icon case was placed, this is the only image in the creation of which was not on a brass base, the icon was painted directly on a brick clapboard, in the technique of fresco painting from photographs it was necessary to recreate the image completely repeating. all the scales of the figures, movements, details, in general, what was 100 years ago was recreated in the greatest possible detail.

opposite the nikolskaya tower, also destroyed by the bolsheviks and recreated in 1993 kazan cathedral, where the great shrine of the same name is located, before which minin and pozharsky prayed, and the icon itself saved russia in the time of troubles.

base, paints and varnishes to use on an acrylic base to withstand aggressive atmospheric phenomena. there was one motive: to return the icons to the kremlin towers, just like

outstanding masterpieces of russian cultural heritage. come on, let's lower. the installation technique was also special, because the kremlin is a unesco world heritage site, the entire operation was carried out extremely carefully, holy glorious all-praiseworthy apostles, prophet, forerunner baptist, century, and its history is closely connected with the first temple of moscow. that church was formerly wooden, the church in the pine forest, in that forest and chopped, these are the chronicle lines about the first temple of moscow, which was really built here in the 12th century from sosiny on borovitsky hill. church of ian

the baptist. then it became stone, and during the construction of the large kremlin palace, by order. for those valuables that the prince found here, here, in this font of chersanes, we we pray for victory, and through victory we will receive peace, a copy of the korsun icon, which

vladimir received at baptism , has been praying in ancient izborsk for many centuries. izborsk is a city of russian statehood, it was founded.

the image, famous for its healings, which gave the name to the main tower of the kremlin, was brought to the capital by order of tsar alexei mikhailovich from the trinity church. now in its place is the savior cathedral of kirov. the tsar himself , solemnly surrounded by clergy, solemnly met this image on red square, which was transferred by him through. so the spasskaya tower is the only one where christ is depicted from both sides at once, and although the spas

izvyatki gave the name to the central kremlin tower, the main state view of the kremlin, it was still the smolensk spas. in 1514, grand duke vasily ii, father of ivan the terrible, stormed smolensk , returning the original russian city after a century of lithuanian occupation. here on the banks of the dnieper, not only was a barrier erected to the military expansion of the west, but the rights of orthodox christians were protected from oppression catholic gentry.

for the gate icons of the smolensk fortress wall, but the reverse process is also possible, this is also undoubtedly. in honor of the return of the city , vasily ii built the novodevichy convent and the church on vasilyevsky spusk, which did not survive from the easter. in honor of this event , the icon of adigetria was laid, just the smolensk mother of god, and then on the then frolovsky gates of the kremlin, on the nespassky gates of the kremlin, the icon of the savior appeared.

so the ancient smolensk adigetria, as if transferred its holy power to the image on the main fortress tower of the country, together they defended the state during all the fateful trials. and during the prayer on the borodino field, this icon was carried along the rows of russian troops, a maleben was served in front of it. the mother is carried by the intercessor.

another mysterious story is connected with the savior of smolensk: once upon a time there were two stone chapels near the spasskaya tower. in one of them , a copy of the supernumerary icon was kept. in 1925, the spasskaya chapel was closed, it was located near the spasskaya tower, it was in it that a copy of the supernumerary icon, the savior of smolensk, was kept. this icon, in size, is close to to the image that is now on the spasskaya tower, and this is additional indirect evidence that before us is the very same. shrine from smolensk, chersonesos, izborsk, pskov and bryansk, invisible spiritual threads stretch to the moscow kremlin, which, like a mighty iconostasis, the gravity of its center.

holds the borders of the state, on which the future of russian civilization is being decided today. it was here that people came to worship the image of st. nicholas. now a lot of soldiers who leave for the north military district come here, ask for blessings, prayers, and we, together with them, we hold prayers for the preservation of soldiers, their lives, the victory of our russian fatherland.

centuries will fly by, adversity and trials will pass, which have befallen our country more than once, but the heart of russia will still beat in the ancient kremlin, and its saved and revived miraculous icons, as before, will not cease to protect our state. glory, glory, you are my russia, glory to you , my russia. our land will continue to be our beloved native country for centuries.

we will take on this case, it will be an honest detective story. it is easy to get confused in the facts when you see only part of the overall picture. in pursuit of views, entire locations are changed. it is easy to make a fake depar, change the voice.

we watch to know everything about russia, the best historical series, we watch, we watch in the application or on the site, if everything looks like the wild west, then there is only one law: shoot first. competition of ideas and money, there was a sensation, and what a sensation, there was tension inside america and beyond its borders. what is the remaining intrigue, why do you need to watch now? this is america, a program about a country that is difficult to understand.

in france, telegram founder pavel durov has been placed under judicial supervision, he is prohibited from leaving the country, and he must also post bail of 5 million euros. how. regina sevastyanova will tell you what charges have been brought. now pavel durov's status in this case will apparently be officially changed to that of an accused, since he has been officially charged on six counts. i am currently holding a sheet in my registry that the paris prosecutor's office issued with official clarifications of this situation. it says that pavel durov is now the charges have been formally brought on six counts, the first of which is