executive committee, deputy of the local council of deputies, member of the communist party of belarusa gennadievna, and according to your observations, the executive power in chervenya, what is it like? has a face, female or male, what is the gender balance? today, probably, our predominant face is female. 25 years ago, when i came to work in social services. then the face was male, it was completely male, as i remember now, but today this is the picture, you are also a member of the public association belarus, and also in the belarusian union of women, well , please tell us how, thanks to this lever, you manage to resolve issues in the chervinsky district, the fact is that i have also been in belaya rus for a very long time, i don’t even remember how long, a very long time ago, in the belarusian women's union, probably even longer, when it first opened.

executive committee, lyudmila sharkova.dmitted to us that it turns out that the territorial center for social services of the population, you headed for 17 years before you became the head of the department with... about 100 people, for the small town of cherven, this is a large number of people, that’s what is our territorial center unique? the fact is that we have four separate buildings, separately for people with disabilities, separately for elderly people, separately for people who today, due to due to their health and personal reasons they cannot take care of themselves, there is a 24-hour department for elderly citizens and the disabled. he has his own views, his own opinion, but of course we also have our own opinions, our own views, but we must not show him that we are not interested in him, this person, this is our job, that we must accept everyone, what they are, well, there are both consumer terrorists and people who are used to, well, terrorizing various organizations of this kind yours, and how to stay here, o

executive committee or the city at the place where his rights were violated, yeah. and the district free service to protect his rights, to understand the problem , to understand why to help him, well, this is within the framework of the administrative procedure, but it turns out, of course, of course, without arranging here you can go to a higher level of the regional executive committee or minsk city or ministry antimonopoly regulation and trade. in the end, if it was not possible to resolve the problem in a pre-trial manner, the court stands to protect the rights of consumers and citizens. from state taxes, he is exempt, that is, he applies free of charge and the district council is obliged to help him for free, which means drawing up a statement of claim, that is, everything is completely aimed at protecting his rights, this is in fact the case , in addition, there is an institution of public protection, we, as a ministry , annually accredit and certify consumer rights defenders who work in public associations that also provide this service free of charge, today we have 84 people

executive committee, lyudmila sharkova.itorial center for social services of the population, you headed for 17 years before they became the head of the department, they created this... for the small town of cherven - this is a large number of people, that’s what makes our territorial center unique? the fact is that we have four separate buildings, separately for people with disabilities, separately for the elderly, separately for people who today, due to their health and personal reasons, cannot take care of themselves, there is a 24-hour department for citizens the elderly and disabled, and there today. there are 30 people there today, whom we take care of, well, this is a wealth of knowledge, and this business, i want to say a lot, but your experience. seventeen -year-old, what did he teach you, you were the director of such a colossus, one might say, of social protection , we will probably study all our lives and beyond, but the most important thing is to respect a person, we must respect him today for who he is, he has

executive committee, on friday you purchased 31 heads of horses in osveysky kupas, yes, yes, that’s me, tell me, what is the future fate of these horses, well, we bought them for the purpose of, well, i’ve already sold them to people, well, to the population, that is, what kind of people were they sold to? it was established that this entrepreneur conducts transactions for the purchase and sale of livestock and not only horses; materials on territoriality were transferred to the state control committee of the mogilev region, whose employees the transactions made by these individual entrepreneurs will be assessed, the question of the future fate of three dozen horses is still open, as well as those that still remain in osveysky, the farm will continue. coup d'etat, they immediately replaced all the heads of the intelligence services and law enforcement agencies; the day before, the seimas adopted a resolution on state media, which called for their immediate return to the control of citizens. all poles are now promised access to reliable, rather than narrowly partisan information, as

the executive committee or in the city at the place where his rights were violated, and the district obliged to provide him with a free service to protect his rights , to understand the problem, to understand why to help him, well, this is within the framework of the administrative procedure, but it turns out. without being satisfied here, you can go to a higher level of the regional executive committee or the city of minsk or the ministry of antimonopoly regulation and trade. in the end, if it was not possible to resolve the problem pre-trial, the court stands on the protection of consumer rights and the citizen does not pay the state fee, he is released, that is, he applies for free and the regional executive committee is obliged to help him for free, which means drawing up a statement of claim, that is , everything is completely aimed at protecting his rights, this is in fact the case. in addition, there is an institute of public protection; we , as a ministry, annually accredit and certify consumer rights defenders who work in public associations that also provide this service fr

this provision states who must be a member of the very commission of the district executive committee. the powers and fate of the predator depending on the situation. shooting is allowed if the animal is seriously wounded or poses a threat to the life and health of people. moreover, the document assumes that the animal may die during capture; in this case, it describes how to deal with its carcass. too callous about the life of a bear, and this is because human life is more important. for those who want to live according to the laws of the jungle, we have more than 9.5 million hectares of forest. information about plans to shoot bison is generally clear speculation. some resources attached it to the news about bears and presented it as if bison were now dying out in our country, and someone insidious wants to allow them to be hunted. bison are indeed included in the red book, but hunting them is not prohibited, for about 10 years. this animal has a binary status: there is a main gene pool of the population, and there is a reserve one. this means that some of the teeth can be hunted, w

today the elnadi family was invited to a meeting at the stolptsovsky district executive committee. ago , parents and their five children flew to belarus. our country is very close to them. at the medical university, mohammed el nadi received a higher education, now he is offered a vacancy in his profile at the regional hospital. not far from the pillars, his wife was born, by education. mother heroine, lawyer, save. first aid is the most important help, they saved us, they didn’t even take us out, they saved our children, grateful, grateful to the president, without him, well, we couldn’t lose our children, we came here for 9 years, we were here twice, of course, they love belarus and were waiting for snow, but this way they ended up meeting snow, they are not ready to stay in our regional center, find a job, get rental housing , go to school, to kindergartens, well, start your... your new life on the territory of our region, we offer muhammad employment at our central regional hospital in his specialty, thank god, his diploma allows him to do this, it was received in the republic

executive committee, local authorities knew nothing about this. you have left unharvested? well that's okay these pieces, this one field, you definitely assure us, but what if we also show you what the deadline was? set until november 1, until november 1, everything is correct, you reported that everything was removed, that’s right, we did not report, and how much here in your opinion has not been removed, well, we’ll figure it out, this is the first time i’ve seen this field, just like you , now we’ll take a look, i wasn’t aware of it, the first time i heard it was reported that there were such crops of corn, so it was found out that this was the area of ​​​​an agricultural complex derzhinsky production site, derzhinsky, the current situation. while prosecutors were figuring out who was to blame and how to save the harvest, equipment arrived here. the grain was removed, but due to the onset of frost, the land remained uncultivated until spring, which could lead to a significant decrease in yield next year. the night was needed. to harvest the cro

committees that work with us, and we want us to go further to the district executive committees, they are for them this is also not an empty phrase, they are also involved in this work, we know about the platform, if you allow us to talk about it we’ll talk about the benefits a little later, because well, we need to go into more detail there. continues to be in the category of countries with a very high level of human development. in the ranking of sustainable development goals, belarus also maintains a high position, it is thirty-fourth out of 163 states. and ilona volynets will tell you in more detail about the results of belarus on the path to achieving sustainable development goals. let's get a look. belarus is one of the world leaders in achieving sustainable development goals. almost 80% of obligations have... been fulfilled, and now let's use specific examples to understand what is tsurka and where we have really succeeded. let's start with the key food security. our country not only provides itself with food, but successfully sells it on world markets. we have enough vegetable

executive committee for drivers, and for a long time, already 11 years, you’ve probably been drivingou sit there , wait for the boss to handle government affairs, anything can happen, but you know, after 11 years of work i can’t say anything negative, i really like it, i’ve already delved into this work and well , you would also say negatively and immediately just sing here in the house of culture in the best case, no, the driver is generally a complex story, because it’s you as a friend, as a comrade, you’re there all the time, that’s it, that’s it this is a very psychologically difficult job, so you can handle it well, you can convey hello to the boss, maybe we can add a salary for the new year, i think that ours is quite good. we present further on our lisa , another mother of many children in my team , yes, literally, three children, three, you are so young, yes, three children, how old are they, six, four and 7 months, who is now sitting at seven months old, dad , well done, good, and let the artist go, well then tell him what his name is? zhenya, tell me, zhenya, now everyone k

now the district executive committee has been instructed to study the problem in detail.edestrian crossing. by the way, next year seven bridges will be overhauled in the vitebsk region. several complaints concerned the condition of housing, rental housing and dormitories, and there were complaints about the quality of drinking water. reconstruction of the network section is planned for next year. the topics of employment, the quality of mobile communications, improving tax legislation, as well as land management and regulation of the use of video surveillance on private territory were raised. and citizens, also the head of the presidential administration visited the braslov central district hospital and talked with the staff of medical institutions. in the past year , a ballroom clinic appeared here, all the faps were put in order, there are more than two dozen of them in the area. the central district hospital has seven branches, five of which operate as inter-district centers providing assistance to residents of neighboring regions. successful for more than half a centu

today , elnadi’s family was invited to a meeting at the stoltsy district executive committee.n flew to belarus. our country is close to them. the head of the family received a higher education at the medical university. now he is offered a vacancy in his specialty at a regional hospital. his wife, inna, was born not far from the pillars. by education. mother-hero, lawyer, economist. first aid is the most, well, the main help, they saved us, they didn’t even take us out, they saved our children, grateful, grateful to the president, without him, well, they couldn’t lose our children. we came here, we were here twice in nine years, they are, of course, well, belarus love and were waiting for snow, but in this way they met with snow, they are ready to stay in our regional center, find a job, get rental housing, go to school, kindergartens, we offer muhammad employment at our central regional hospital in his specialty, thank god for his diploma this allows him, he got a job in the republic of belarus, and the same thing is work after leaving maternity leave, either it is a tax insp

executive committee, local authorities knew nothing about this, and how much corn you have left unharvestedield, you you definitely assure us, and if we also show you what deadline was set, for the first of november, before november 1, everything is correct, you reported that everything was cleaned, correct, we did not report, and how much here in your opinion is not removed, well, we'll figure it out, this is the first time i've seen this field, just like you, now we'll look, i didn't know about it, i heard about it for the first time , i was informed that there were such corn crops, so it was found out that this area of ​​the agricultural complex derzhinsky production site yards, the task will be set to clean up as soon as possible. while prosecutors were figuring out who was to blame and how to save the harvest, equipment arrived here, the grain was removed, but due to the onset of frost, the land remained uncultivated until spring, which could lead to a significant decrease in yield next year. the farmers needed the night to harvest the crop, fortunately modern technology allows this to

today the elnadi family was invited to a meeting at the stolptsovsky district executive committee. five children flew to belarus. our country is close to them. at the medical university, the head of the family received a higher education degree education. now he is offered a vacancy in his specialty at a regional hospital. not far from the columns, his wife, inna, was born , a heroic mother by education, a lawyer and economist. first aid is the most, well, the main help, they saved us, they didn’t even take us out, they saved our children, grateful, grateful to the president. without him, well, we couldn’t lose our children. we came here and beat here twice in nine. of course, they love belarus and were waiting for snow, but this is how they met with snow, they are ready to stay in our regional center, get settled, get rental housing, go to school, to kindergartens, well, to start your own, your new life on the territory of our region, we offer for mohammed employment at our central regional hospital in his specialty, thank god, a diploma allows him to do this, he received the repu

on the website of the district executive committees that can be purchased either at an auction or withouty, there is an opportunity to develop a business, please, you can contact either the village council, at a minimum, or to the regional executive committee , find out where the polling stations have been formed and then along this path, sergei sergeevich, yes, i want to add to join my colleagues, probably, we should also note such a gratifying feature that the percentage of young people is increasingly is trying to do just that, to engage in some kind of entrepreneurial activity in the countryside, that is, if earlier, let’s say , the opening of retail facilities in the countryside was the prerogative of mature people who have their own life experience, who have a certain income, and he already knows what he wants, the fashionable word startup has reached the rural business absolutely right, now the youth, they are, so to speak, well, energetic, and no one has said, there are all the conditions for what today is really like here already if you want, if you want, please, okay, well , we’

decisions on candidates were made during a meeting of the presidium of the minsk city executive committee and the city council of deputies. in the capital, 20 district commissions were formed, each with 13 people, and a total of 278 candidates were nominated. 77 people were sent from four political parties, the rest are from public associations, citizens, and labor collectives. complied with important. tomorrow the commissions will begin work, governing bodies will be elected in the minsk city district, and then they will organize duty, including for the registration of initiative groups. the stage of nominating candidates for deputies will begin on december 17. hungarian truckers, as promised, began protests on the border with ukraine, the checkpoint was blocked. passes in the city of zahan. the requirements are the same: abolish preferences for ukrainian carriers, which actually take away work from local ones. the latter are on the verge of ruin. the continuation of the blockade was announced today slovak road carriers. in poland , rallies have been going on for a month, as reported by

to the first district commissioner and chairman of the executive committee, alexander yurchenko.anuary 1918, the first congress of workers', peasants' and soldiers' councils took place in mstislavl. deputies who proclaimed the establishment of soviet power in the city. as everywhere else , revolutionary transformations took place in conditions of intense struggle. the atmosphere was tense. not everyone was able to control themselves , and the words were not always heard correctly by the opposite side. at one point, something went wrong; in a fierce battle with the counter-revolution, alexander yurchenko died heroically, died for the establishment of soviet power. back in the soviet years , one of the streets of the city was named after the hero, and this is installed on his grave in the park monument. contemporaries have nothing against it, he’s still a fellow countryman. in the 19th century, fires greatly undermined the economy and life in the city in general. if you voice the numbers, then in 1858 more than 500 residential buildings burned down, 5 years later the fire turned al

of the minsk city executive committee.nce three dances: the first round is the walt dance, the second round is the cha-cha-cha dance, the third is the rumba dance. the event program consisted of two parts. all dance numbers were performed to the accompaniment of the minsk concert brass band nemi. as well as the string symphony group of the symphony orchestra of the minsk state music college named after mikhail ivanovich glinka. every year, students of the minsk suvorov military school take part in the city new year's ball. and this year is no exception. the guys prepared for several weeks, honing their skills in various types of dances. the partners of our guys were students from various minsk schools, as well as students from various secondary specialized educational institutions. the program was bright and full of competitions, a new year's tournament, a disco, a dance flash mob, and a laser show. the guys were preparing for such an event thoroughly, we rehearsed a lot , learned different types of dances and... of course

on the website of the regional executive committees that can be purchased either at an auction, or.. there is an opportunity to develop a business, please, you can contact either the village council, at least, or the regional executive committee, find out where the plots are formed, then follow this path, sergey sergeevich, yes, i i want to add to my colleagues. to join, we should probably also note such a gratifying feature that an increasing percentage of young people are trying, so to speak, to engage in some kind of entrepreneurial activity in village, that is, if earlier , let’s say, the opening of retail facilities in the village was the prerogative of mature people who have their own life experience, who have a certain income, and he already knows what he wants, the fashionable word startup has reached rural business , absolutely right, now young people, they are, so to speak, well, energetic. now colleagues show us our chat, on youtube, for example, they wrote there, they criticized the belynechi district, there’s no way without it, there are some other aspects that you have,

committee. in the top three in the milk sales category are the farms of lagoisky and derzhinsky. and stoltsovsky district. a modern dairy complex was opened in the dobruzhsky district. here are proven technologies for producing large milk. there are 1,200 cows kept free-stall, of which 800 highly productive herd. manual labor is reduced to a minimum. moreover, the emphasis is not only on good living and food conditions, but also on comfortable working conditions for staff. this investment project has... today technology does not stand still, and we have a barn for dry stock, milking, new livestock, new is new, and we need to develop not only conditions for 400 heads per 800 milking herd, plus also comfortable for animals, but also for people, i used to work in an imported barn like this, where the cows stood on a flail, now of course there is such comfort here, well... it’s just a matter of standing on your feet, but there will be less stress on your hands, we have a kitchen, a locker room, a sh

about development plans anton malyuta. spoke with the chairman of the local executive committee, irina, let's start with the socio-economic development of the region, i think the region is primarily agricultural, yes, of course, the district is agricultural, more than 60% of our income comes from income from the agro-industrial complex, in our on the territory of the district there are five agricultural enterprises, mainly... of course, we are engaged in the production of milk, the district, well, essentially the territory is large, it’s about almost 3,000 km, but let’s just say that we have more than 13,000 cattle, so about 5, 5,500 are cows from the dairy herd, so we are working in this direction, agriculture is a priority, but i think industry, business is also developing, of course, of course, we have several industrial enterprises operating in the region, this is of course, first of all our gorodok forestry enterprise, surush forestry enterprise, this is our unique enterprise, the republican state the enterprise is a center for the disposal of aircraft shells, it works on our terr

decision on candidates were accepted during a meeting of the presidium of the minsk city executive committee and the city council of deputies. each applicant is considered individually. preference is given to those who have experience in conducting election campaigns and actively participate in the public life of minsk. in total there is education in the capital. 20 district commissions, each with 13 people, interest is high, 278 people submitted documents for nomination to district election commissions in minsk, 260 were selected. 77 people nominated from four political parties, the rest falls on public associations, citizens and labor collectives. thus, political parties account for 26.5% of the district election commissions in minsk. almost 53% are representatives of public associations, the total number of citizens who nominated themselves by collecting signatures exceeds 20%, only one person was nominated from the workforce. the nomination took place in accordance with the electoral legislation, our representatives of political parties, public associations traditionally involved in the

committee.ork to prepare for a single voting day for the elections of deputies of representatives of the national assembly of the eighth convocation and local councils of deputies of convocation in the region is in accordance with the calendar plan adopted by the central election commission. thus, territorial district electoral councils must be formed no later than december 11. acceptance of documents in the northern region ended on december 5. the regional commission submitted 13 applications to 182 district ones. in total, for holding elections of deputies in single voting day. 232 election commissions will be formed in the vitebsk region. in addition to the regional and district ones, this number includes 21 district, five city, and 191 rural election commissions. the single voting day in belarus will be held on february 25 , 2024. belarus will demand compensation for losses during the war years - this is at least 2.300 billion dollars, such a statement was made by the prosecutor general of b

bayko he was taken to moscow, where he was arrested by the basmanny district court.he company executives who allegedly gave bribes, yan gushchin and elena tyutyunik, will also go to pre-trial detention. on tuesday, in the kemerovo region, employees of the investigative committee opened a criminal case after beating a resident of one of the private nursing homes. the woman has numerous hematomas on her arms and legs. according to. the injured boarding house worker attacked her and knocked her down. our program has already talked more than once about possible bullying elderly people, namely the remeli network of nursing homes, but its owners manage to remain unpunished. on wednesday in moscow, fsb officers seized almost 700 kg of cocaine, worth more than 2.5 billion rubles. bags filled with illegal substances literally fell out of the trunk of the minivan. a huge party. on thursday, the preobrazhensky court of the capital sent the former minister for open government, mikhail obyzov, to prison for 12 years. he was found guilty of creating a criminal community of illegal

i personally twice, probably, he took part in ambushes in the afrunovsky district in one of the bir.ent of the internal affairs directorate of the saratov regional executive committee. into the ceiling, his comrade grabbed his forehead, a piece of brick towards this partner of my glushkovo, the ricochet flew off. that such a thing had formed, my partner decided they were shooting , he began to shoot, those who entered fell to the floor, they were all overjoyed, they tied them up, we had handcuffs with us, then the night swearers begged, don’t kill, we ourselves are a safe for you let's reveal what this means, the detectives searched the uninvited guests and found an employee id: in savings banks. it turns out that they came with a surprise check. there was a misunderstanding. it's good that the shooting didn't end in tragedy. and the most offensive thing is that the real thieves didn’t step into any of the ambushes. it turned out that they again decided to show criminal fantasy. i’m sitting on a piece of land, or rather on the sofa, with the new year our lives always come with change

candidates were made during a meeting of the presidium of the minsk city executive committee and theof deputies. each applicant is considered individually, with preference given to those who have experience in conducting election campaigns and are actively involved in the public life of minsk. in total , 20 district commissions were formed in the capital, in 13 people each. 278 people submitted documents of interest for nomination to the district election commissions in minsk, 260 were selected. 77 people were nominated from four political parties, the rest. part falls on public associations, citizens and labor collectives. thus, political parties account for 26.5% of the district election commissions in minsk. almost 53% are representatives of public associations, the total number of citizens who nominated their nominations by collecting signatures exceeds 20%. only one person was nominated from the labor collective. the nomination took place in accordance with the electoral process. legislation, our representatives of political parties, public associations that traditionally partic

yes, it’s easy, especially if a person has internet access and can go to the regional executive committeestant, for example, in newspapers on the radio, they announce when in such and such a district of the grodno region the presidential assistant receives, and people who set out to get an appointment with me, just like any other - the boss, the manager, and me i already know in advance, for example, a week in advance, that when i go to one or another regional center for... to receive citizens, that so many people have signed up to see me and i know approximately the topic of their questions, one of my functions is to answer questions , listen to them, solve them and... in one way or another another authority, for example, a person contacted me, i promise assistance, i call the necessary deputy minister, minister or the head of the main department, or i return the question back to the mayor of the city from which this person of that district is from and propose to solve it in such and such a way , and as a rule this is solved, that is, it’s quite easy in our country. in general, this is p

committee and see there when the presidential assistant receives, for example, in newspapers, on theives in such and such a district of the grodno region and people who are wondering in order to get an appointment with me, just like with any other boss, manager, and i even already know a week in advance, for example, that when i go to one or another regional center to receive citizens, that so many people have signed up to see me people and i know roughly the topic of their questions , one of my functions is to take questions, listen to them, solve them or forward them to one or another authority, for example, a person contacted me, i promise assistance, call the necessary deputy minister, minister or there to the head of the main department, uh, or i return the question back to the mayor. that city from which this person is from that region and i propose to solve it in such and such a way, and as a rule, it is solved, that is, it ’s quite easy, in our country in general this is put on a solid basis, but is it possible should i come up to you on the street to talk to you or do you go

first up i lake to invite scott--executive director of yerba buena community benefit district. welcome to the budget finance committee. the floor is yours. >> thank you supervisors. i have a presentation for you. i will pull that up and we can walk you through some of the information we have to share with you. again, thank you for having us today on behalf of the yerba buena cbd i'm scott and honored to be here to represent our city and stakeholders. just high level on us and you probably know that, but the ybcd is a non profit organization advancing the quality of life for residents in the community. enhance public spaces and reinforce our economic base, our community. what we do and many know cbd around the city and partners do a great job, but we do cleaning, safety, street scape improvement and marketing for our communities and unique to us and unique to spears somewhere we do community benefit grants where we support directly into our community grants to small businesses, grants to mune community non profits and organization so history of supporting our community in so man

first up i lake to invite scott--executive director of yerba buena community benefit district. welcome to the budget finance committee. the floor is yours. >> thank you supervisors. i have a presentation for you. i will pull that up and we can walk you through some of the information we have to share with you. again, thank you for having us today on behalf of the yerba buena cbd i'm scott and honored to be here to represent our city and stakeholders. just high level on us and you probably know that, but the ybcd is a non profit organization advancing the quality of life for residents in the community. enhance public spaces and reinforce our economic base, our community. what we do and many know cbd around the city and partners do a great job, but we do cleaning, safety, street scape improvement and marketing for our communities and unique to us and unique to spears somewhere we do community benefit grants where we support directly into our community grants to small businesses, grants to mune community non profits and organization so history of supporting our community in so man

my name is mike kingston the founder executive director from the heart in bayview monther point district tone. i oversee senior housing as well as food distribution within community. community cleanups i bring with youth and we clean the neighborhoods. we also help apr at the india basin, with teen night. teen night is amazing. we are able to get youth from all around san francisco to come out and join us. i think that this is something that you guys should think about really strongly. this keeps children out of trouble. i represent violence prevention. we need to have this initiative and i have a daughter who is black who swims an excellent swimmer, can teach others to swim. we need this here. the black and brown children lack swimming--they don't know--these thingerize not presented to them in our community and we need this, so please do not put us on hold due to lack of funding. thank you. >> thank you much. next speaker, please. >> good afternoon. chair woman chan and supervisor pestcon. michael wong from cyc. i have been walking india basin for some years and cyc opened a [indiscern

minsk city executive committee and city council of deputies. 20 district commissions were formed on theerritory of the city, in 13 people each, a total of 278 candidates were nominated, 77 people were nominated from four political parties, the rest were public associations, citizens and labor collectives. an important principle is observed: civil servants do not exceed a third of the composition of the commission. the nomination took place in... in accordance with the electoral legislation, our representatives of political parties, public associations, traditionally participating in elections sent their representatives, in total we have about 76% of representatives namely the public, this is a pretty good indicator for the city, tomorrow the commission will begin work in the minsk city district and governing bodies will be elected. afterwards organizes duty, including for registration of initiative groups. the stage of nominating candidates for deputies will begin on december 17. there is growing concern in europe over weakened armed forces and empty arsenals, even in countries such as