and ingerman would be by far the weakest of the three main branches of the german military. on the eve of war. despite utility of the submarine in the first world war, where been used to such devastating effect against allied shipping, the only 57 submarines in their entire navy at the of the war in part because of hitler and rader's decisions at the start of theughly 30 or fewer of these submarines be at sea at any one time merchant ships and dozens upon dozens of escort vessels in the expanse of the atlantic. now, karl dÖnitz was the commander of the subordinate. he was an ardent nazi. hitler had actually appointed him as his successor in 1945 upon his own suicide. dÖnitz was also a micromanager. he tried to control entire battles in the atlantic from bases europe by radio. and we'll talk about of the implications ofboth doenitz and rader prior ties discipline. they feared the naval mutinies had been so devastating in the in the final months of the first world war. neither during this nor rader would emphasize intelligence or logistics or really think that coherently in te