kretschmer might have been. captains like heinz eck, who would surface after sinking ships in, gun survivors in water. the biggest tendency tended to be captains trained after the war had begun, who inces were more radical and more willing to violate the rule note we talked about total warwere elements of it that appear even in this battle of theas somewhat more decent, way, shape or form. it wasn't just the axis that did of t described. so, for instance, two of the first german submarines sunk off thecan after american entry, the war. the submarine surfaced. their crews tried to get off and they were machine gunned in the sailors who were furious at the heavy loss of life that they had inflicted on american shipping. rn to a discussion of tactics. what does it look to fight? e middle. the atlanti7, when confronted by the u-boat menace, the had organized convoys. and the basic idea was that you concentrate your you'd encircle your your defenseless merchant vessels with a ring of escorts that cld protect them aga