ivo: euros and pounds and krone, two. the europeans have done a lot.$1 trillion is what they are spending on defense but you don't go to war with dollars, euros, pounds. you go to war with men, mostly men, troops, and weapons. so where do you think nato is today? what is it that it has been able to generate as a result of the shock of ukraine and the spending that is coming question arc are the capabilities where they are and how would you compare that to when you arrived in europe, seven years ago now, i guess, when you took over? gen. cavoli: the change is almost impossible to overstate. the first thing that has been generated -- i don't want to be clever or anything here, but the first thing that has been generated is a level of political will and unity that we just did not see during the sweet old days when we were not under any pressure. there has been a real wake-up so to go to the money in 2014 in the wake of the first invasion of ukraine, nato member nations resolved to spend at least 2% of the gdp on their defense. at the time of that pledge,