i now recognize ms. norton from washington, d.c. we'll get back on that too. ms. norton. ms. norton: thank you, mr. chairman. mr. califf, across the nation and right here in the district of columbia that i represent, drug shortages are negatively affecting patients and their families. drug shortages can lead to daily challenges for patients, affecting every element of their lives, as well as health outcomes. for example, because of shortages, an adhd medication, we have heard reports previously, of previously capable students barely able to pass grades. adults are forced to contact every local pharmacy to track down a medication that may be the difference between being productive and focused in the workplace on losing their livelihoods. drug shortages have occurred for decades and in the wake of recent shortages, the department of health and human services and the food and drug administration developed new proposals to prevent and mitigate shortages. earlier this month, h.h.s. released a white paper with potential policy solutions to address shortages. mr. califf, what shorta