going back to your question about pepfar, pepfar built that over decades, that kind of relationship, that kind of trusted partnership, and all of the examples we just heard about, all of those different outbreaks, all built on pepfar, on the platform of pepfar and all that laboratory surveillance data. those platforms are what allow those outbreaks to get identified and then responded to. it is both diplomacy and also just system strengthening that gives us our ability to respond. dr. gerberding: we also have to think if we are not they are doing this, who will be there, and will they have the same relationship with the u.s. government that we would like to have with our allies? there is a global competition for allies at the moment, as we all know, and that is another dimension of this that does not really seem like a public health issue, but when you step away from it, it is. in a couple minutes, i am going to open it to questions from the audience, so be thinking about your question. i think the microphone is in this corner, so we will ask you to step to the microphone and leaves