in fact, the fish of the israeli war was only an occasion with a trigger. in a long-loaded gun for many years, western oil corporations, as the main sellers of petroleum products, competed in lowering the price of crude oil. in the 1960s, the soviet union, which entered the oil market and was ready to sell it for any practical reason, provided them with considerable assistance in response to this in september 1960, and guardianship was created. in 1968, opek adopted the guiding principles of oil policy, which were implemented in years of the oil crisis. it was just at the peak of power that the weakness of the system manifested itself to the maximum. not even the economy itself. as far as the management system is precisely the geopolitical successes specifically associated with them, the oil conjuncture allows us to maintain stability, geopolitical

success and the conjuncture of the economic base of stagnation. people sometimes dream of their hometowns, to whom moscow to whom to soar? the ussr fell into a trap that oil euphoria set for itself instead of modernizing the economy. it should be noted here that the idea political successes. even the very, impressive ones were and remained very illusory at the end of the second world war, i repeat once again the undisputed winner, in which they turned out to be the least for this, the americans who donated the united states solved their main task by subjugating japan and most of germany. as the former chief of the american agency for national security general william odom under these conditions,

moscow had very little chance of winning the cold war, now, looking back, we see how difficult was the position of moscow, the west really had to play mediocre, so as not to win with such cards william odom director of the us national security agency 1985-1988 one game our partners in the big game got together and undertook mediocrely continued to play just ours i always quote a very interesting article , which was written by kenn, in my opinion, the fifty-first . where he foresees the end of the soviet system, and where he says when it will be and it will be it will be an internal process. 1960s open colossal oil fields in western siberia

clogged a fountain of self-creation the scale of the increase in oil production in these years is unprecedented in the history of the industry, to this was added an unprecedented increase in world oil prices in two leaps, 1973 and 1979 the ussr's foreign exchange earnings grew unprecedented grain and other foodstuffs, foreign exchange earnings are becoming a universal means of solving the food problem. since the mid-1970s, at the height of its geopolitical power, the soviet the union becomes a debtor. the united states can safely do without us. but our damned dependence on them for grain made us the soviet union hostages of these relations viktor kryuchkov chairman of the kgb of the ussr 2003 and it was at this

moment that our soviet comrades did not find anything better than to get into the afghan adventure, never in the history of the big game, no russian leadership did not allow himself anything like this , a collective and complete amnesia was needed in order to completely forget the whole huge afghan experience. from such a gift to our potential partners. they certainly could not refuse the game, as early as july 3, 1979 . president carter signed the first order for secret support of opposition forces to the soviet kambul government on that very day. i sent the first note to the president explaining that the aid being sent would inevitably provoke a soviet military intervention. it was a well-executed covert operation that resulted in the russians being drawn into the afghan

trap. the day the soviet troops crossed border. i wrote to president carter that we had the opportunity to arrange our own vietnam for the soviet union, this conflict led to demoralization and eventually to the collapse of the soviet empire from 1977 to 1981, a similar case. true, what will happen later to our american comrade the bushes and, one must think, will have corresponding consequences for his fatherland in order to make the economy of the world superpower. depending on the decisions can take your potential adversary. and your main competitor in the market of the most important resources for themselves is saudi arabia, a country in which, in

addition, wahhabism is a religion that suggests that a holy war against the infidels is a long time for a muslim and wait until they finally agree among themselves. it took a lot of effort to grow. a cohort of leaders striking in their incompetence , in general, there is nothing surprising in the fact that at one of the most dramatic moments in the development of the soviet union , individuals of an insufficiently high level turned out to be at the pinnacle of power, perhaps at a time when people of the scale of peter the great were needed, a group of comrades who were poorly educated and little aware of their actions came to power. vladislav surkov deputy chief of staff of the president of the russian federation 2007 our invasion of

afghanistan perceived the states of the persian gulf, primarily saudi arabia, as a direct threat radically changed their attitude towards the united states they needed the american military support, and america needed low oil prices the soviet invasion of afghanistan was a very timely gift for saudi arabia. in november 1979, a month before the entry of soviet troops into afghanistan, a wahhabi group led by joeyman al-uteibi captured the temple of al-majid, al-haram in mecca, the uprising was hardly suppressed with the help of french paratroopers, and then a real opportunity arose to drain the accumulated energy of islamic radicalism against real infidel russians communists threatening islam from saudi arabia through pakistan after the saudi money and volunteers accepted the offer of the united states for parity funding of the mujahideen for every

saudi dollar there was one american through the mujahideen arab expeditionary force in afghanistan, according to a british magazine. james passed at least 15,000 people, most of the zaudovites, at least 5,000. interview with bigniwo brzezinski newspaper nouvelle observator 1998 issue and you also do not regret future support terrorists, what is more important for world history, the taliban or the collapse of the soviet empire, a few heated muslims, or the liberation of eastern europe and the end of the cold war, the question of a few heated muslims. but now all the time repeating islamic integrism threats to the whole world is nonsense. it is said that the west has a worldwide policy towards islam. the stupidity of world islam doesn't exist georgian

national security adviser to the president of the united states from 1977 to 1981. right, actually our sworn friend, having knocked off brzezinski, the world islamist conspiracy is a universal scarecrow, and reality is oil and gas, the author of the note, the essence of which was the recommendation to use the dependence of the soviet economy on oil prices to destabilize the soviet regime, was the notorious richard pipes. in november 1982 , president ronald reagan signed a national security directive that stated with particular finesse that the united states would not participate in improving the state of the soviet economy. and at the same time they will do everything to limit the paths leading towards this goal. from the us side, negotiations with the saudis were conducted by cia director william casey, it was he who acquainted the head of saudi intelligence, sheikh alturki, with secret documents about the dependence of the

ussr economy on oil sales. in september 1984, william casey arrived in saudi arabia at the royal palace of casey and the king of fatah discussed the situation in the region, the afghan war. developed successfully cases touched upon the problem of oil prices. the price is too high, he told fatah, if it is not lowered, the economic recovery in the usa may come to an end. the royal family, and also loses on a decrease in production, this is used in the radio of the saudis, iran, libya and the soviet union, which extract as much as possible, the financial results of this operation allow the councils to be present in the southern name of syria and ethiopia and afghanistan, fatah listened to casey from time to time nodding his head. on september 12, 1985 , saudi arabia's oil minister , sheikh yamani, announces that saudi arabia will radically change its oil policy over the

next six months. the saudis increase production approximately three times and the same amount fell prices for no from 28 to 10 dollars per barrel at the lowest point in just 2 years, the prices of resources on which the ability of the ussr to finance the army of the military-industrial complex the world communist system depended and maintain stability in the country first of all, to purchase tens of millions of tons of grain per year, these opportunities have decreased several times. in addition, at the very end of the eighties, one more misfortune was superimposed on all this, the low grain harvest in the world, especially the prices for wheat rose. going to buy cheap grain for expensive oil are forced to buy expensive grain for cheap oil. this is what is called. who remembers the famous thing of those years clipping. the food program

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end of the current century of weapons of mass destruction, a program historical in scope and significance of gorbachev, many are inclined to explain by understanding that the continuation of the arms race was imposed on the regenov administration. the soviet union will not survive. so something it so it not quite. do you think you are ahead of us in technology and will be able to use their superiority against the soviet union, this was an illusion declared to the americans. gorbachev i'm worried how ignorant and disinformed this is. gorbachev and shevards. this is from the memoirs of george schultz, us secretary of state under regen, a lecture on the us military-industrial complex and discrimination against women. what gorbachev talked about to the americans at the talks, the restrained schultz calls nonsense, he stacked gifts concession after concession. the concessions are the result of our five years of pressure on them. schultz, by the way, so in gorbachev's new thinking and did not believe

it, obviously such forms and scales of thinking went beyond the scope of his imagination to his successor under the elder bush, james. baker already had nowhere to go, baker recalls that gorbachev struck him with an indestructible love for metaphors, then he drew an icebreaker, then an apple that would soon fall, then looked beyond the horizon from time to time. this manner pissed me off james baker us secretary of state 19893, but the biggest surprise. baker was provoked by a statement made, as it were, by the way about that the ussr is withdrawing 500 nuclear weapons from eastern europe suddenly, in order to impress, so that they can see russian generosity without petty discussion and a miserable cake. the americans immediately fixed a concession, and immediately descended from the spot began the toughest bargaining.

the history of the collapse, by the way, when it has now become fashionable for us to drink praises, stagnation, we must understand that stagnation is stagnation. this is a complete blockage of social mobility, comrades welcome the audience. brezhnev's andropov revolution, and then the stalinist regime provided a powerful social rotation. it is known in what ways at what cost the soviet elite did everything to stop the bro, first having achieved personal physical safety irresponsibility. when the occasion is like the bet. it could only be natural death. these stagnant

leaders were replaced by people with the intellect and outlook of the foreman of the cattle-breeding brigade. so far, the main problem has been the containment of the arms race, and the parties have enjoyed military-political parity. it was a negotiation of equals in the mid-1980s, the soviet union is gaining a wild amount of loans loans were willingly given by commercial banks. the soviet union is still considered a prime borrower. now, towards the end of the eighties, the situation is changing ; such loans can only be

provided by the state and only under political conditions. it's a completely different story. this is what the soviet leadership could not dream of in a nightmare at eighty in the fifth year, the idea that we would be ready to negotiate there in three or four years about what political concessions we would make for the fact that germany and, uh, the united states would provide us with government loans there, in general, in a nightmarish style , could not be dreamed of there none of the soviet leadership is 85 but by 89. after one simple thing happened. after the saudis increase production several times, and they don’t think about anything else, when it states an absolutely fundamental thing, the moment from which soviet leaders began to take politically motivated loans, that is, to surrender

political positions for money. december 1988 gorbachev comes to the un with an initiative to reduce armaments . during the negotiations between gorbachev and bush in malta november 1989, and no one thinks that disarmament is of critical importance for the soviet country other us assistance in providing the ussr government loans and loans from international monetary organizations. gorbachev gives informal guarantees that the ussr will not use force to maintain its political control in eastern europe, after that the situation in the soviet bloc begins to develop. on november 9, 89, the fall of the berlin wall happens.

instead of the accession that was chosen, in which the gdr was subordinated to the departmental structures of the frg , it would be more correct to carry out a real unification with the new constitution, as provided for by the basic law, given the constitution was to be adopted by the decision of the people, who would gradually go towards each other and carry out a two-way exchange of knowledge, the gdr, the perestroika, for whom a united, harmonized neutral germany is certainly a blessing. what a blessing it is for russia to say it 's superfluous for the united states, it's definitely unacceptable. remember to keep your main

competitors japan and germany under your control was the main goal and the main achievement of all american politics after the second world war . under the dictation of the americans and with the consent of gorbachev , chancellor ge. kohl buys a one-time merger, in fact, the takeover of the gdr banishment at the price of exchanging one western mark for one eastern book , the merger of currencies was wrong. the national economy of the gdr did not master the merger. to a lesser extent, at what pace and, of course, it would be wise to make a deliberate process out of this federal the government of helmut kohl always stated that there was a very short time frame in which unification could be carried out. this, of course, is complete nonsense. mikhail gorbachev did not intend to impede the process of german unification a.

after him, especially no one was going to interfere. what kind of obstacles could there be? mikhail sergeevich asks kolya to urgently help to force the banks to open a loan, and also to give money in advance on the security of military property left by our departing germany troops from the book by andrei chernyaev 1991 diary of an assistant to the president of the ussr when and if you need state political motivated loans. you must understand that we are talking about politics. at that time, such loans could only be obtained from western democracies. they have their own ideas about the norms of behavior of countries that need their financial support. the soviet empire in eastern europe was based on the common conviction that we

can and are ready to use only force. how much is needed to keep the authorities in power the communist regime, and actually, what does it mean, and what does it mean for a regime that is all based on the belief that the authorities are capable of using so much violence. how much is needed in order to maintain a control position in the country, this means this alone is the requirement that the regime itself later. on may 30, 1990, president gorbachev arrived in washington for a state visit . james baker remembers president bush said almost the usual words, the united states speaks for germany's membership in nato however, if germany chooses a different choice. we will respect him. i agree, - said gorbachev, this was a direct consent to the entry of a united germany into nato, no matter what gorbachev said later, and the alleged promises given to him, the economic price

paid by the west for the ussr's renunciation of control over eastern europe turned out to be low loans and grants from germany for consent to the unification of germany italian tied loans american grain loans this, if you remember the price question a little egor gaidar the death of an empire 2006 is really a little no more than 30 sirennikov. considering what this price includes. and the collapse of their own country, if the cold war had not stopped, would have happened, the third world. we saved the world i won't say i did it alone, but my role was one of the most important i was one of the most ardent supporters of american policy when they needed my support in iraq i gave it to them in 1989 leaving afghanistan leaving from the middle east 1991 first gulf war and open the consent of the soviet union to it for the same not

great ridge, in fact, capitulation in the big game, nothing could help the situation in the country, and the economic and political situation that had developed by 91 makes it impossible. now even attracting politically motivated loans. the last hope, the meeting of the big seven in the summer, 91 gorbachev begs to be invited there to refuse his invitation to the leaders of the west and they can, but they do not promise money, no, money. there is no subject for conversation, whoever pays the girl dances her. i am i believe that the collapse of the soviet union was not predetermined. i expected the collapse of the soviet bloc of the global soviet system. and the fact that the country fell apart was not considered predetermined. georgian former national security adviser to the president of the united states from 1977 to 1981 i was convinced that the

soviet bloc would fall apart and eventually communism would lead to the collapse of the soviet union i wrote to her about this and as part of the government tried to contribute to this in this way, my position is very different from the position existential and normative. i'm glad this got cleared up. even this unique correspondence dialogue shows that anything could happen. in fact , the collapse of the soviet system was inevitable, a systemic crisis is called the crisis of the soviet elite , as already mentioned its integral part. in our case, this crisis passed into the stage of degeneration and betrayal, one feels enthusiasm for the withdrawal of the rsfsr from russia, that is, it was not enough to have a good customer, and appropriate performers were needed. analysis of the causes of the collapse of the soviet the union, outside the context of american politics, is reminiscent of an investigation into the case of a sudden,

unexpected and mysterious death, where the possibility of murder is not taken into account and no attempt is even made to study the circumstances of this death. but even if the victim was sick, an incurable disease, the investigator is obliged to study everything possible. you see the wind former cia agent 1995 . when everyone dies, only then will the big game end rudyard kipling hello program time will show as part of the information channel on the first

channel continues to inform you about everything that worries us? i'm artyom sheinin and you and i yesterday we talked for a long time about