everything has changed since the first cosmonaut of the planet, yuri gagarin, went into space on the vostok spacecraft and now there is a whole house in near-earth orbit in which astronauts work and live. this is the international space station , a huge permanently inhabited artificial satellite of the earth, an outpost of mankind in near-earth orbit. after breakfast at the international space station there is always a meeting with specialists from the mission control center, that is, everything is fine with the earth. uh, we're done with that and then or doing scientific experiments or maintenance of the station itself or, perhaps, one of the most risky operations of a spacewalk. they certainly take risks. here on earth we live with our earthly concerns, and at this time this mahina weighing 440 tons flies above us

why and here it is our mother planet. breathing just stops when you look at this beauty from this porthole to the ground 400 km, the abyss under your feet and around the darkness, and there is no end to it and we are getting ready to exit. in open space, we are preparing a spacesuit for trouble. we broke bolt head at the place of fastening of american lamps and a tv camera. and we need to unscrew it from there and, of course, happen here. anything can happen when you are a blade of grass there are so many cosmic ones in this endless song.

climate fluctuations on earth, nevertheless, life on earth continues small, and the blue ball is alone surrounded by a giant universe where there is no life on the shield the atmosphere and the earth's magnetic field and the planet's gravity, as if it does not want to let us go into this darkness. when you get into general space training, that's when all the fun begins suda chambers. uh, parachute jumps, flights on l-39 fighters. eh, working out non-ship activities, you dive under the water to open the parachute, you need to open another card with mathematical problems received on the ground,

which you need to have time to complete somersault turns and other figures during the fall. the average falling speed is 60 m/s. and that's it. during this time, the cosmonaut candidate must keep a detailed report on his actions and well-being. at the same time, it is necessary to maintain a stable position and monitor height. and here it becomes more or less on jumps. it is clear who, in the event of an emergency, will be able to save himself and the crew. and who should forget about space, the insane number of exams and tests in various disciplines. at the same time, you understand that they are watching you. they carefully study and draw conclusions, and at one of the stages of preparation they are sent to the isolation chamber, a candidate for astronauts must spend here complete isolation and silence for three days and two nights

without sleep and not go crazy. they could transmit the task there is special, such a chamber is made in the door through which food was brought there in general, as in prison. i feel a little bit myself, there the notes conveyed what was needed. there, those tasks, everything else, due to the fact that we get tired, our brain gets tired, some kind of mental disorders can come out. and by the way, such stories. unfortunately, there were also people told. well, sorry for a normal life. you are proud. yes, but god forbid , uh, something like that will come out in flight. we, for example, cannot allow this, therefore, please, quit the crew of a space expedition is made up like a puzzle. specialists try to minimize possible psychological conflicts between the members of the expedition, because in space there is

simply nowhere to run from each other. i think for a successful training, an ordinary human quality is necessary. such as decency, honesty , responsibility, diligence, we get used to each other , we understand where a person can somehow turn, where no, we never cross borders or some kind of personal family religious relations. and thanks to this, the human condition of the crew is at a high level. standard activity of the expedition 6 months 6 months of work in zero gravity isolation gave interesting but difficult work from home. at the time of this shooting, the six-month expedition of sergey gud sverchkov and sergey ryzhikov was coming to an end, and at that very time on earth. their replacements were completing preparations for the currency. pyotr dubrov and oleg novitsky, they flew to the iss on april 9, 2021, then they entered the detachment. he served in the north caucasus and served there for about 10 years, and

so about space, like a childhood dream. we thought we didn't have to. and, perhaps, she appeared to enter the detachment when the recruitment took place. and i was just graduating from the air force academy, that is, i ended up here literally two stops on the train. and thanks to this circumstance. oleg novitsky spent a total of almost a year in space during his first two flights. i was going on my first flight to the iss. i started blogging . the astronaut's wife's diary is so feminine. a look at astronautics, and unlike a man's , such an alternative view of our manned astronautics, on what usually remains behind the scenes, when our daddy's husbands fly away. and we remain to wait for them here on earth. our whole family to oleg of course, we tried not to show it, we tried to support him. i knew it was not easy for him. at least our lives have

changed a lot. the same situation, the same affairs and worries, relatives nearby. only our husband was taken away from the head of the family. but he has changed, in general, everything he was pulled out of this life and sent to the iss, but, there is not only the situation there, but the rhythm and meaning of life is different. outside the earth, perhaps, there are three dangers, if not counting the purely psychological effect, weightlessness radiation and ultraviolet radiation from the sun, but there are also galactic cosmic rays, which to be honest, we do not understand where they come from, most likely, particles with higher energy during explosions of stars . let's say you are thrown a tennis ball if it does not hurt you, but if the same ball is fired from a cannon with a speed there uh 500 m/s, but it can even pierce your body

after all. and here is approximately the same difference between a particles of solar radiation and galactic. i will even say more sometimes they pierce the atmosphere of the earth. and now here, next to us, with you, absolutely with every person on earth, from time to time they fly by, but they are a. still, the layer of the atmosphere weakens, and they are already here at the end of their energy, small even for our body. they are not very dangerous, but for the cosmonaut, not a weakened stream of cosmic particles. this is a killer thing these particles pierce everything and from they cannot be protected, and they are so strong, but they destroy the molecules of our body that even medicines do not help, then there is a porthole in the cabin, but it is closed with a special special mat that protects against radiation at 9:00 am gmt when in moscow 12 on the iss

begins, perhaps the most important thing, for the sake of which it was invented and created in general, first of all, the ncs is a scientific laboratory that allows research in completely different fields of science in the unique conditions of space flight. schedule of work and rest of astronauts scheduled by the minute, the costs, including human costs, for this entire space project are too high. this is cutting-edge research, unique research that can't be done anywhere else on earth, this and the new material of this new communication system, new engines, new e, radiation protection. these are new drugs. we conduct hundreds of experiments in physics in chemistry in biology in medicine, not friendly space still allowed us something weather forecast sounding the ecological situation search for fires and

illegal logging development of new mineral deposits surveillance of crops and 500 channels on your tv. it's all the job of space satellites to grow forest types. evaluation of felling boundaries , including illegal damage from fires or pests - all this is the task of a space experiment, dubrava the iss crew is able to quickly take photographs of one area , analyze the information received and transmit this information to the ground. this is how astronautics also helps to preserve and multiply the natural wealth of our great country and maps will quickly find your home; space satellites included in the global navigation system suggest the way for it. we can grow the perfect crystal with the perfect

crystal lattice, which is in high demand. for example, in laser technology. we can grow very large proteins, which cannot be obtained on earth, but they are very important for pharmacology. in particular for oncology for the treatment of oncological diseases. recently, a completely amazing experiment, which, by the way, was set up by the russian 3d bill printer company. that is, imagine the future, when from human cells. to print an organ for him instead of a patient, and you understand that this , well, will really be a revolution in healthcare, if this technology succeeds and there is a scalable 100% survival rate, only in zero gravity it was possible to print a human organ for the first time. while on the iss astronauts work easily. floating from one workplace to another on the ground

their colleagues and colleagues. barely touch this unusual state for the body and learning some simple action in zero gravity. on board the laboratory plane, which flies up and down steeply to a state of weightlessness, lasts an average of 25 seconds. and during this time, you must try to fly from one side to another, or what is more difficult to put on a spacesuit. but the most difficult thing begins already there in orbit, when the weightlessness necessary to conduct all the experiments on board the iss becomes a threat to the health of the cosmonaut when the body does not feel any load for a long time. muscles of the body atrophy. for astronauts in a long-term space flight, physical activity is not entertainment and relaxation, but prevention of the negative impact of weightlessness in these pleasant,

relaxing conditions, and the heart very quickly rebuilds its rome, and there it begins to be lazy , the heart begins to drive blood through the small circle of blood circulation. why do we have such intense physical training on board the station every day for 2 hours every day for at least 2 hours of classes. simulator in the world with this type of iss was going to, as a designer of many modules, in november 1998, the first russian module entered orbit. a month later, an american docked to it. in 20 years, the station has grown to 4 segments of the russian american european and japanese borders between them. no russians and

americans can get together. so after work, bake something for the soul. how cool today gathered to begin. not people from different countries, yes, uh, several modules, connected together in one system, while the tasks of different space agencies are performed in different parts of this mod four-hundred-ton machina winding circles around our planet. speed ​​8 km/s. a bullet can fly at a speed of kilometers per second, and these 400 tons are

8 times faster, while you are watching our film, the station will fly around exactly half of the globe, the speed of a person’s movement slowly increased slowly. they ran in space, then they rode horses, then the first car, the railroad, planes flew. and now, at the end of the fifties, the speed limit of a person's movement. in space it was about a thousand kilometers per hour. it's supersonic speed. this incredible thought would survive. a man in an airplane with a speed greater than sound, and suddenly gagarin got on a rocket and flew at a speed of 24,000 km / h. tens of times faster than what his colleague flew before him on jet planes. and he flew. here's how he could possibly do it. i have the newspaper dated april 13

, 1961. a great event happened for the first time in history, a man flew into space april 12, 1961 at 9:00 7 minutes moscow time, the beginning of a manned flight into outer space was laid. i'm in this one, uh moment was. uh, as a boy he worked in a factory and was preparing to join the army. it was a rejoicing and some kind of extraordinary triumph for our fatherland, and you know what was amazing that it somehow united very people. here in their desire for peace, the head of our church. he said, we

’re leaving work for the guys, we’re going out on the streets by the day of cosmonautics on the first pulminator next to you metal is melting harnesses are so red-hot, we understood the main continuation of the flight will not. we stay in space helicopter. might lift one down apparatus. well, a huge parachute , wet around the taiga, is also attached to it. i think in three months they will come for us on dogs. premiere rescue in space today on the first concern

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understand that you can't guess. you can die. tomorrow you can live in peace for another 3 years. eco cotton wool, iodine stick, do not do this. why because everything will collapse no one will know. i have 3 years left. just a ping, do you hear me at all or not? it's all just a joke. sick, well, you are also sitting with these pieces of paper.

good health, comrades chekists are not deaf. what check do you need. yes, he is joking, he presents the movie one tv. vertinsky and we know you here? a multi-faceted person , a politician-intelligence actor and even a

course teacher, how to deceive correctly guessed? about whom i he presents to the whole world the thirty-sixth brigade of the all-union force, as having managed to break through the blockade of mariupol and unite with the bandits of azov, but we we know the truth exposing lg, perhaps the most important author of questions in ukraine, will soon be an antifreak. tomorrow on the first happy faces. but only 15 years ago. how much was experienced and passed through the great patriotic war, devastation, hunger , the country then lost more than 20 million people, how many tears were how much pain? and now messrs. there was just an explosion of delight, as far as i can remember the first and only spontaneous exit. the horrors of people on the street, when people hugged each other completely strangers, and danced with laughter.

music played, everything was drunk there, but it was. in general, you know such a confirmation, if you like, that yes, we really will live like never before, that we will turn out to be the very example for the world. and that this, of course, is completely for history, but a unique case. and we were filled with pride. we were overwhelmed with emotions that this is our man, that the road to space is open, the horizons are open, that we have extraordinary distances ahead of us. especially the boys, and you know, we envy you too. we fly into space

but this is the beginning. planets and unknown worlds are waiting for you to continue to storm the universe. we are children of war. during the war years, gagarin visited the occupied territory and saw the atrocities of the nazi germans. what was happening, they were thrown out of the hut from the house, just on the street, in front of his eyes, the younger brother was hung by a german with a machine gun and his mother would not let him. to this little boy, who hung on a scarf on a tree branch, the child remained alive, everything is fine, but it was. in front of yura gagarin, he went through all this. he was sent rushing to saratov, he is there graduated from a technical school and began to fly in a bar club on a

light plane - that's the nature of a person. try to imagine all this and take it all into your biography. how many events were in his life, my whole life, it seems to me now one beautiful moment. everything that has been lived, that has been done before, has been lived and done for the sake of this moment. this, of course, the hero sat on top of a rocket weighing 300 tons. it was 300 tons of explosives and it was set on fire from below. here on this 300-ton barrel of spores a fantastic man was sitting at the top. the first cosmonauts in the sixties and seventies were recruited exclusively from among military pilots. and today, when specialists of various profiles are required for cosmonauts in orbit to conduct experiments and operate the station, anyone can

become almost anyone since 2012. since 2012, open recruitments have been held for the squad . there are many requirements for the candidate, but perhaps the most important thing is a higher flight or engineering education good health and psychological stability. the life of an astronaut depends very much on many external circumstances, for example, you yourself are healthy and ready to fly. and your partner is sick. before my second flight, it turned out that in front of me they suddenly remove two crews for a year for a year for flights, two crews are removed and, accordingly, all the crews that stand further are shifting sharply and the year of preparation, scheduled measured with vacations with days off, sharply turns into six months the hardest wife and parents. and because no one cooks them. they were very worried

, i’ll be honest, if for me a flight, it’s there, the most happy time is the coolest and i knew i was going and family had a hard time. and here we have the result of this path, like the launch of a spaceship. this is a very impressive sight in general for any person for us, probably a little more, because a loved one is sitting. and in the ship for the first time it ’s straight scary, scary and exciting. it was excessive after the first flight. oleg, i asked him if he would like to fly again. and now, after the second flight, i didn’t dare, because all his flights are too hard for me. although if i asked and i heard in response i want, of course, i would not mind. this is his favorite job, difficult dangerous difficult, but still, beloved, this is his dream. and that means that my i, probably,

can sign for everyone, those who came to the cosmonaut detachment, this is exactly the dream, these are the dreamers, because everyone knows how dangerous it is. it is a profession to this day. everyone will go to this day as testers, because we are testing that something new is in this ship, and how it can end. it is still unknown that alexander volkov had three flights into space and two spacewalk. now, several decades later, after the last flight, is it possible? probably confess to leaving the ship into space. it's scary, or maybe not, scary. no , it's not scary, but when they opened it, it was easy to release the pressure there, they opened the hatch from the station that now we need to get out there. i could hardly let go of the hand that was held inside the station in order to go into this trick, that is, the body itself feels that this is an alien and dangerous environment for you, and that's how you force yourself to let go of your swim. yes in

open space, of course, it is dangerous, there is a micro meteorite that can fall into a spacesuit hole, a small hole there for instant death, and micro meteorites fly. that is, it is both beautiful and very, very difficult, very difficult alexander volkov from the ninety-first to the ninety-eighth year led the cosmonaut detachment and once, on duty , he accepted personal files and an application for a new pressure on the detachment. so then in one product they open so you read the cover volkov sergey aleksandrovich i open the photos of my son. i'm just like that even now i got a little frost on my skin. i sat down and thought, oh, you are so-and-so. at least you told me that you are going to go to the detachment, cosmonauts and literally in a few seconds a feeling of pride. i remember that i told him seryozha to be an astronaut is very difficult, but being an

astronaut and being the son of an astronaut is even more difficult, because a very narrow circle that communicates, which teaches astronauts and they will always compare you with dad.