big girl, are you happy to have a brother or sister? i hope you're right, honey . i love see you tomorrow.

papa papa papa papa yes i'm listening yes what

i don't want simonova to hear about it on the radio. come up with something and get in touch when there is news. western antarctica and east antarctica. to the east is a high ice-covered plateau. madame remember, you promised to introduce me to classical music. maybe now is the time. please

do you like it? i'm now

philip's hydroplane crashed

. i signed the papers. handed over the clothes to the body prepared. it's my fault.

and now i'm alone. i'm all alone with you. i will help. we continue. together no longer. do you remember philippe waking us up to look at the night sky? he told us about stars and galaxies. you said that if one day we

feel unhappy enough to remember that we are just dust particles. on the scale of the universe, this is faster than a wave of rice. use it. this moment because life is stronger than anything. so we will live.

i'm calvin psychologist, as far as i can see, you didn't expect me, if you see, nothing out of the ordinary, keep yourself in the hands. and who came, she died 10 years ago what you saw the materialization of your idea is not a person. understand, you finally, you are

only a repetition of it. i don't understand why you're fooling me at school? tomorrow on the first buran the most mystical page in the annals of russian cosmonautics, it was the mysticism of that time. strange events haunted him from the very beginning. this, of course, is a coincidence; almost everyone who was supposed to fly on this

ship mysteriously died. yes yes everything almost everyone this project has been haunted by the real curse curse of the snowstorm touched. maybe they stopped us? turn left this footage was taken november 15 , 1988 the buran spacecraft successfully returns to earth from its first flight , all soviet newspapers proudly wrote about this event, the most successful buran space project .

buran was supposed to go on his second flight not in automatic mode, but already with astronauts on board. igor volk, the former commander of the buranovsky testers detachment, now he is the only one who survived from the first detachment of more than 500 people , out of 500, they wrote off a lot of applications, that's all. in the seventy-eighth year, volk was instructed to select eight test pilots for a new secret job, he needed perfect health and excellent training exactly the same as that of the cosmonauts. well, since the surname wolf was called by his

detachment by nine people, the wolf member of the wolf pack was promised all the socialist benefits of service apartments, large salaries, food packages. and most importantly, flight into space, the pilots sought to get into the elite squad. then no one could have imagined that the choice of a wolf would be fatal for them. immediately the level of our so to speak, even purely social. yes, e has become much better than the test pilots. yes, that's why we already have uniforms and sports equipment and all-terrain vehicles and snowmobiles, you know, yes, and food is different. here it is the first legendary eight pilots of the russian shottle igor volk oleg kononenko anatoly

levchenko rimantas stankevich alexander shchukin nikolai sadovnikov viktor bukreev and alexander lysenko igor volk the only one who survived from this detachment under mysterious circumstances, almost all the astronauts died . the testers who were supposed to fly into space. on the snowstorm they said that the pilots were removed by secret order of the kgb that in deaths, implicated in strange special services. and even that there is the curse of the soviet shuttle two pilots died immediately 3 days after this photo was taken, viktor bukreev died. he was on a routine training flight. during takeoff, the front landing gear broke. the car caught fire, bukreev received severe burns , the pilots were pulled out of the burning plane while still alive.

viktor bukreev died on the way to the hospital, the next was alexander lysenko, along with his partner. he tested a new flight instrument on a fighter. the device failed, the plane crashed to the ground. the pilot, who had nothing to do with the snowstorm , survived, recovered and continued to fly. and here is alexander lysenko, who planned to start preparing for flights. died in the storm. well do? our work is such a separate topic, so we will not touch it. then no one betrayed the significance of these deaths, they decided that this was a coincidence, pilots often die. when testing new technology in the language of the military, this is called inevitable loss. the soviet academy

of sciences has long calculated the potential danger of the american shuttle, president of the academy mstislav keldesh reported at a secret meeting of the commission of the presidium of the council of ministers the shuttle can pass over leningrad, or moscow to drop a nuclear charge, having destroyed these cities, it is impossible to defend against such a strike; the soviet air defense system is not designed for bombs from space. the same was confirmed by soviet intelligence. because there was a fact of the mirka shuttle over the kremlin, also over moscow, it dropped to 70 km, using the ricochet method, it bounced back into space. this meant that it was possible to convey, despite the air defense and against the missile defense of moscow , you could hit the radiator from space directly on the kremlin. in addition, soviet scientists were sure

that the shuttle could steal our space secrets theoretically, an american ship was able to fly up to soviet military satellites, grab them with a manipulator, load them into its huge cargo compartment and bring them to the ground. no space vehicle can currently launch such loads from orbit. the union can lower there, well, 50 kg, that it could lower 20 tons. according to the ussr, there must be an adequate response to the space threat. so they decided the military intelligence officers were instructed to obtain the drawings of the shuttle, the engineers to develop the soviet chelnov in charge of the defense program of the ussr dmitry ustinov is preparing a resolution to make exactly the same ship as the americans do not need to reinvent the wheel ustinov says the americans are very detailed. uh, there they

told oshale, they brought such constructive schemes there, they talked about thermal protection. they did not try any technologies, the soviet shuttle was built by the whole country. true, the country did not know this. separate parts of the ship were designed in all the largest design bureaus, but all studies. the developments were strictly classified. many engineers. they didn't even have a clue that they are working on the creation of the soviet shuttle to coordinate the project, a special research institute was created in the documents the secret project will be called a snowstorm , the ship itself will receive the same name that the existence of the soviet shuttle will become known only during perestroika. before launching a blizzard into

space, the pilots of the wolf packs are trained in detail on the ground, every day they fly on airplanes, the cockpit of which is converted to the cockpit of the buran, the test is just beginning and the test squad unexpectedly loses another pilot oleg kononenko 1666. he worked on helicopters at the flight investigation institute, and when the vertical theme was born, he took part in tests, er, at that time, of the yak-36 aircraft. that's just nice. uh, which was produced in the ussuriysky kanonenko bay, its co-pilot mikhail beksbakh is practicing takeoff from the deck of the aircraft carrier minsk after another maneuver. the plane falls from the deck into the sea. it is generally

recognized that he was the first to pull the ejection handles and it turned out that he landed on the deck of the ship, and his father remained landed in the water. here, well i wouldn't say dexa landed softly. he had a broken collarbone, in my opinion, that is, after all, the deck is metal, well, father, on the contrary, floundered in the water for a long time. after that, he caught a cold and lost weight, so to speak, after the accident, kononenko decided to leave the wolf pack altogether, as if he had a presentiment, but he was dissuaded, comrades buran. your chance to fly into space and kononenko remained in the detachment. six months later. he was again called to test a vertical take-off aircraft for just a week. the tests took place in the south china sea single yak was tested in tropical conditions.

on the morning of september 8, 1980, kanonenko's engine was denied. the plane fell from the deck into the sea in the same way as last time, with such a difference that kononenko did not have time to eject. when a hit the water, apparently, the father lost consciousness, and he could not occult it, that is, time was lost, then the plane. oleg kononenko died, the depth at the crash site was more than 100 m. called instead of a plane crash. after that , a special brigade of ships was assembled, which were engaged in the search for the aircraft. i would like to. well

, they buried, yes, in the city of zhukovsky at the bykovsky cemetery, there are a lot of flight pilots there, and the buran team has already lost half of the testers . it would seem in no way connected with the snowstorm, but for some reason it was the test pilots from the wolf pack buran who died - a special apparatus, while it is in orbit, it is a spaceship. but as soon as buran enters the atmosphere. it will become an airplane, so preparing for flights on it is more difficult than on a regular soyuz, you need to be not only an astronaut ready to work in zero gravity. you also have to be a pilot to land buran . test pilots went to the airfield from zhukovsky to star city to study space disciplines, and then they

returned to the flight institute and continued to fly airplanes so as not to lose their flying skills. we were immediately put into the ctc for general space training. we had to go through it all almost almost 2 years. that's why we practiced like papa carlo and flew at the same time. if we came to classes in the morning in the evening, or, if necessary, it was necessary to fly in the morning, we persuaded us to be together, that is, we constantly, which means that we still didn’t give up our flying practice. wolf packs need new pilots to replace the dead pilots, but after the death of oleg kononenko, rumors spread among the testers about the curse of buran, many pilots refused to join the squad. stop talking no mysticism here, wolf says at a meeting at the flight institute, he manages

to persuade them to come to the detachment of new testers, these are viktor zabolotsky ural-sultanov magomed tolboev sergey trisvyatsky yuri shefer and vladimir turovets. the first time the new team got together at the wake, six months after the death of oleg kononenko, according to the old flying tradition , instruments were placed on the edge of the table for all the dead members of the detachment, newcomer. vladimir turovets. i even wrote poetry about it. this is just the set of this school, the test pilot of the group here volodya turovets, who by the way, i also wanted to get into the detachment when we were sitting at the wake. here volodya on a napkin literally immediately means that he wrote a poem in memory of hmm and it ended with words. who is next vladimir was from turov, he only had time to

pass a medical examination at the end of january. he was officially enlisted in the test squad, and on february 8 he died during the tests of the mi-8 helicopter after those fatal commemoration, only 10 days had passed. you see, it’s also fate, what was it like on january 28? this crew died, and it crashed on february 8th. this was the fourth death in ata each accident involving the buranovskiye testers was investigated by a special commission of the flight institute , the project manager found it strange that members of the wolf pack were dying one after another. soviet officials did not believe in mysticism. first of all, a version was developed that the death of the testers was rigged by agents of enemy intelligence services? but the investigation found that all the pilots died, accidentally foreign intelligence.

it has nothing to do with it, only the human factor is to blame. buran is often called an analogue or repetition they really look like a shuttle, but only outwardly with their contours, in fact. these are just big planes, and the laws of aerodynamics are the same in florida and at baikonur, we did so, let's say we were going. and the requirements that the customer set us. to bring out the same cargo, well, the same dimension, there is a lot of dimensions, like the shuttle and it’s

like 18 m, length and four and a half meters in diameter , such a cargo, we had to bring out buran and then everything is decided. it's just that if you make a shell for this load in such a diameter, wings do it, it will be. well, anyway, it looks like shuttle buran and shuttles. they are in this sense, as all aircraft are similar, the surface of the russian and american shuttle is also the same. this is something like a tiled wall in a bathroom, only heat-shielding silicate tiles are glued onto the space shuttle instead of tiles. there were about 30,000 of them on the snowstorm without them a ship. it would just burn out on landing. thermal protection is done so that when the ship descends in the atmosphere from a height of

about 190 km due to high speed, there strong heating occurs. how even plasma and ordinary materials are formed immediately burn out. the skin of ordinary spaceships is disposable, this is a thick layer of a special material that gradually burns out in the atmosphere. the descent vehicle itself remains intact, but it is impossible to use it for the second time. buran was a reusable spacecraft . it was designed for at least 20 flights, so its surface had to remain intact. the basis for such a material is ultra-pure quartz, i.e. 99.99 percent of the frequency of pure quartz in nature , very few people began to work with rock crystal, since this is a very pure material, and then in the zone of the middle urals they found a deposit of

especially pure quartz sand, from which they then smelted e, blanks, and then from these blanks in a special way very thin fibers were obtained. e, which was further used for the manufacture of thermal protection when entering the atmosphere, the shuttle heats up. so it starts to glow colors change from light pink to plasma the white leading edge of the wing and the nose are heated up to 1.650°. c but astronauts only guess about it, such effective protection in the form of a tiled wall is such a tile, it has a very property. poor thermal conductivity is very poor. the developers of the tiles demonstrated this thermal conductivity in such a way that a person held a red-hot tile between his fingers. with the outward

similarity between buran and the shuttle, they had an important difference. in principle, the shuttle is landed only manually in the last 4 minutes of the flight by astronauts, you have to take control of the risk of accidents is quite high, a person can become ill during overloads on a snowstorm, a unique automatic landing system was designed. he could make an unmanned flight himself take off to stay in space for the allotted time. and he will land on the airfield better than airplanes. what would his fruit have planted, despite the fact that on that day there was a very strong wind, it usually forbids people and flying. even 25 m/s. the order was here on such a wind. he sat down very accurately and rather rolled and stopped turned off the system and finished the job, but completely.