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tv   [untitled]    April 24, 2022 3:30pm-4:01pm MSK

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see the finale after the program time but this mountainous region inhabited by numerous peoples and at times for a long time remained a source of serious concern for the russian government, not recognizing either oral or written agreements, the caucasian highlanders were militant and year after year disturbed the cossack villages with their raids. even the construction of the caucasian fortified line, which stretched from the mouth of the terek to the kuban, did not save the border territories from a constant threat. in 1816, the hero of the napoleonic wars, general alexei yermolov drew up a plan to pacify the caucasus. the caucasian war
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continued for decades. she did not know the great battles and for the most part consisted of exhausting mountain crossings and small, but no less bloody skirmishes. for the conquest of the north caucasus, russia paid millions of soldiers' lives, mostly because of the severe local climate and disease. only in 1864 did the russian army succeed in suppressing the last pockets of resistance; at the same time, battles were going on in the caucasus with the sasman empire, which ended in 1878. the peoples of the caucasus from dagestan to karsa recognized themselves as subjects of the russian crown. roads stretched to the caucasus, connecting it with the rest of the country, trade revived
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, industry began to develop, agriculture received new markets in the empire, and oil was discovered all over the world in baku, which became one of the main sources of fuel for the country for many years. oil refineries were built here, industrialists and specialists from all over the world flocked here. meanwhile in the east the interests of the russian state collided with the expansive policy of the world's largest colonial empire of great britain. by the second half of the 19th century, the british established power on the melon, from here the path to central asia was opened, which russia considered the sphere of its interests. in 1876, the kokand khanate was annexed to russia; the
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emirates of bukhara and the khanate of khiva recognized the vassal dependence on the russian emperor; in 1878, the turkmen tribes that inhabited the caspian oases remained unconquered. taking over afghanistan british the army was preparing to establish control over these territories. in order to get ahead of the british, russia entered into hostilities with the peking khan as a stronghold, the russians built the city of ashgabat, the current capital of turkmenistan in january 1884, representatives of the turkmen tribes swore an oath to alexander iii, and russian possessions closed in the east with the british, defining the modern turkmen afghan border. in the meantime, in the caucasus and in the sandy steppes
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beyond the kospiysky, bullets whistled and guns crumbled to the russian navigator gennady nevelskoy explored the far eastern territories, having entered the mouth of the amur, he founded the settlement of the nikolaevsky post there, the future nikolaevna amur, and declared it a russian possession under old treaties. by this he inhabited lands belonged to the chinese empire, the unauthorized actions of nevelsky caused the anger of st. petersburg officials. they demanded to demote him to the sailors. upon learning of this, the emperor nikolai declared where the russian flag was being raised. there, he must not go down. soon new russian settlements grew in the lower reaches of the river. the russian government entered into negotiations. with china, a new state border was
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drawn along the amur and ussuri rivers, so without a single shot the vast territory of the amur region and primorsky krai became part of the empire. by the beginning of the 20th century, the russian state stretched from the arctic ocean in the north to the black sea in the south from the baltic sea in the west. yes , the pacific ocean in the east, in its size, it was second only to great britain, its possession is not scattered all over the world, except for native russians the empire included the caucasus and almost the entire territory of modern ukraine, belarus, bessarabia, modern moldavia, the urals, the far east and central asia, as well as finland and part of poland. one and a half hundred
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nationalities lived here, which mixed among themselves russian admiral nikolai krabe. yes, i wrote to myself my father was a purebred finn mother, a moldavian. i myself was born in teflis in its armenian part, but i was baptized in orthodoxy, therefore, i am a natural rusak, this is any state of such scale, russia faced social problems and national contradictions, but learned to cope with them, and gradually economic growth made it possible to look to the future with confidence. in 1913, one of the northern chinese provinces, the urenkhai region, the future republic of tuva, applied for russian citizenship, nicholas ii ordered the establishment of a protectorate over this region and its inclusion in the yenisei province for
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the russian empire. this was the last territorial acquisition. since the great moscow prince ivan iii ended forever in the crimean dependence, 4033 years passed after the victory. on the ugra, the german emperor offered ivan iii to accept the royal crown from him. the grand duke answered that we are the true rulers in our land from our ancestors. may are blessed by god on this. we never looked for confirmation of this from anyone and now do not want one. faithful to this advice, russia entered the twentieth century, and new trials awaited it ahead. if the russians
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have only one farm left, then russia will be reborn nikolai vasilyevich gogol the russian empire met the 20th century by reaching a maximum of territory and population by the beginning of the century. more than 129 million people lived here, and its area exceeded 22 million square kilometers . the gigantic state united representatives of more nationalities from poles to dofils from ukrainians to georgians from jews to kyrgyz. many representatives of these peoples were satisfied with their
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position, others dreamed of independence in the form of autonomy, the same as in finland, which had its own legislative body zein and customs. border. at the end of the 19th century, national contradictions rarely manifested themselves openly. but already at the beginning of the next century, a series of jewish pogroms and bloody-turkic clashes swept across the country in poland, georgia, new uprisings were brought to the authorities by representatives of radical revolutionary parties such as the socialist-revolutionaries and the social democrats no less problems. however, by the beginning of 1914, it seemed that the open revolutionary movement had been finally crushed; its leaders were in exile or siberian
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exile. by this time the russian empire was in the number of leading world powers experienced a period of economic prosperity, and the level of national welfare grew every year. meanwhile, the contradiction between the largest european states was only accumulating. europe was divided into two military-political unions, the country of the montanes of russia, france and great britain opposed the central powers, germany and austria-hungary, which were later joined by the ottoman empire and bulgaria. in august 1914, the first shots were fired. world war i
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will lead to unprecedented destruction of millions of victims and will become one of the reasons for the collapse of four empires, including the russian one. from the first days of the war, russian troops launched a decisive offensive. fierce battles took place on the southwestern front, where the russian troops were opposed by the austro-hungarian army. a month after the start of the war, they were crowned with a number of victories. on september 3, 1914, russian troops took lviv. this
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ancient city was founded in the middle of the 13th century by the russian prince daniel romanovich and became the capital of the galicia-volyn principality. a century later, it became part of the polish kingdom, then passed to the austrian crown with the entry of russian troops into lvov. russian police appeared in the city, a russian newspaper began to appear, and a galician general government was created. nicholas ii wrote to empress alexandra feodorovna that a very beautiful city is a bit like warsaw , an abyss of gardens and monuments full of troops and russian people. in those days, on the wave of patriotic upsurge , many believed that the war would bring russia back even those territories that seemed
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lost forever. the successes of the russian army did not please, only the radical opposition and, first of all, the leninist bolshevik party, lenin and his companions argued that a real revolutionary should want defeat for his government, because with the defeat, the collapse of imperialist states, including the russian empire, will follow, and hence the creation of a new fair society built on the ruins of the old world. the bolsheviks defended their position publicly, for which they the deputy faction was arrested and sent to an eternal settlement in siberia, but the citizens of the russian empire embraced an unprecedented patriotic rise in the army
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. a year after the start of the war, the situation at the front changed, an acute shortage of ammunition led to a decrease in the combat effectiveness of the russian army and a number of heavy defeats. the great retreat has begun. the imperial army left lvov przemysl ternopil in august 1915, russian troops left warsaw, the capital of the kingdom of poland, which was under the rule of the russian crown. then the enemy took the vilnius, grodno brest-litovsk,
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novogeorgievsk, central russia was flooded with refugees. in just a couple of months, the russian empire lost 15% of its western territories. the new commander of the black sea fleet, vice admiral kolchak, arrived at the headquarters on an urgent call, the chief of staff of the general hutant. alekseev immediately got to the point. at the front, the situation is extremely unimportant, so now so much depends on the fleet, you, mr. vice admiral, have a special secret task. having heard the continuation of the phrase, kolchak
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did not believe his ears, we will take the bosphorus, said alekseev prepare a landing operation, the sovereign is counting on you the black sea strait the bosphorus and the dardanelles from ancient times were of strategic importance, the one who owned them received direct access to the mediterranean sea, and with it significant economic and military advantage. besides, russia considers itself the heir of byzantium, considered it its duty to restore the cross on hagia sophia, the main temple of constantinople, which the turks turned into a mosque. the russian empire has long sought to take control of the straits by 12 ottoman warriors, which russia led took a
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total of 241 years. but the western powers, first of all, great britain feared the strengthening of russia. they entered into military alliances with the ottoman empire, put ultimatums to the russian authorities, resorted to diplomatic pressure. only during world war i did england and france recognize russia's right to constantinople and the straits. now that right had to be reclaimed. the radical position was divided in their views on the war by supporters. lenin was in the minority, many of the revolutionaries sympathized with the defeat of the russian army, as well as those residents of the country who were under german occupation. after all, the territory of the country is not only
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square kilometers of land, but also the people on it, living russian industry. i was able to overcome difficulties with the supply of troops and the situation at the front began to level off. the enemy was stopped and in 1916 the russian army carried out a successful offensive against the austro-hungarian empire known as the brusilovsky breakthrough. but in february 1917, when admiral kolchak was preparing to land on the turkish coast in petrograd, a wave of protests swept, the demonstrators demanded bread to end the war and cancel the
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autocracy, a general strike began. the soldiers of the capital garrison joined the uprising, the political crisis led to a change on march 2, nicholas ii abdicated the throne, the fate of russia was to be decided by the constituent assembly. in the meantime, power has passed to the provisional government. the revolutionary situation intensified economic difficulties and led to the disintegration of the army. the new naval officer, minister alexander puchkov, canceled the plan for the bosphorus operation. as admiral mikhail smirnov wrote in exile, if the revolution had not happened, kolchak would have hoisted the russian flag in a circle? the most beautiful end of the
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any situation, everything is fixable, look for the necessary services on avito masters. there's a train and a portion of your favorite strips, two slices of cheese on a big browned bun. new big alexander with burger order in the kfc application at uralsib bank we made a credit card according to the rule of three b big interest-free period free cash withdrawal fast execution of one document. run faster for a credit card on uralsib.ru. and if the delivery causes inconvenience, you order the medicine at apteka.ru 20% discount on the first order , there is no time at all, and the cars had to be changed on the second one, everything was immediately bought for free. i took a new one there, and place the second one for free, generic quickly, just one registration in finns and many banks at my service. the provisional government
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proclaimed freedom of the press and assembly declared amnesty for all political prisoners. disbanded all law enforcement agencies, and the police department replaced the people's militia. following this, it abolished all restrictions on the rights of national minorities, and on march 16 recognized the independence of poland, which by that time had been occupied by germany and austria-hungary, the first shard had separated from the russian empire. russia poland for centuries competed for the border lands, the army of the kingdom of poland invaded russia more than once and in the time of troubles. even garrisoned in the moscow kremlin with
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over time, the polish state weakened and became an easy prey for stronger powers. at the end of the 18th century, there were three sections of the commonwealth, the so- called union, poland and the grand duchy of lithuania, its territory was divided between russia, prussia and austria, the russian empire , belarusian and lithuanian lands departed, as well as part of modern latvia and ukraine, although prussia and austria lost most of the napoleonic wars of his polish possessions in their place napoleon founded the grand duchy. warsaw after the defeat of bonaparte survived the new division ; its eastern central parts, including the capital, warsaw, became part of the russian empire under the name of the kingdom of poland. it had a special
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status and at first even its own constitution, but this did not diminish the desire of the poles to regain state independence during the 19th century , several uprisings took place in various parts of the divided poland. the february revolution led to a sharp rise in separatist sentiment throughout the former empire. particularly acute they appeared in ukraine along the streets of kiev and other ukrainian cities. thousands of demonstrations stretched out, their participants carried yellow-blue banners and swore allegiance in front of the portrait of taras shevchenko, promising not to stop fighting for the autonomy of ukraine from the film director's autobiography. alexandra dovzhenko i shouted general cries at rallies and
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rejoiced like a dog that has broken its chain. sincerely. believing that all people are already brothers, that ukrainians have ukraine, russians have russia, that tomorrow the whole world will know about it? first east slavic the state of ancient russia was formed on the lands of modern ukraine, belarus and russia , it subsequently broke up into a separate principality, and after the mongol invasion, many of them turned out to be part of the golden horde and later became the basis of muscovite russia, while the western russian lands became part of the grand duchy of lithuania a in the xvi century came under the authority of the commonwealth of the polish-lithuanian state, their further fate developed differently left-bank ukraine
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, the so-called hetmanate voluntarily came under power of the moscow tsar alexei mikhailovich in 1654 after the uprising of the cossacks. cossacks led by bogdan khmelnytsky the right-bank part of ukraine volyn and podolia was included in russia only in the last third of the 17th century after the divisions of the commonwealth, catherine the great liquidated the autonomy of the hetmanate, and transformed the ukrainian lands into provinces of the russian empire. not only russians moved here, but also people from different regions of the empire, as well as foreigners turks greeks serbs as part of the russian empire the eastern regions of modern ukraine began to
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turn into a rich industrial region from krivoy rog to kharkov and mariupol , mineral deposits were developed, factories and factories were built in the 19th century among the ukrainian intelligentsia. there was a movement in support of the native language and culture, covering wide sections of the population. in 1917, the struggle for ukrainian national autonomy was led by the central rada, the self-proclaimed legislative body, members of the central rada entered into protracted negotiations with the temporary government, meanwhile, posters were already posted in kiev depicting an independent ukraine that stretched from the carpathians to the caucasus

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