stubbornness of character with different support payment system world partner of the russian figure skating federation december 14 , 1825 the uprising was suppressed but the eldest son of the emperor tsarevich alexander was still trembling over the experience, the boy knew that his father had left to fulfill his duty. and that alexander could have been killed for this in the courtyard, where the laziness of the guard had already lined up. the engineer battalion had already lined up an hour earlier, which did not allow the rebels to capture the palace of his family and turned to the guards. i do not need protection

with tears in my eyes screaming. cheers young heir floated in the arms of his devoted guards. no one thought that one day the future emperor alexander ii would have to fulfill his duty, for which he could kill. he was born very large, 61 cm tall, like a good three-month-old baby. grandmother empress catherine the great is delighted. i wrote in my life for the first time i see such a knight, if he continues,

as the brothers began, they seem to be crusts in front of this ear. after the death of paul, nikolai's brother alexander pavlovich, who was 19 years older, became emperor, and the second brother konstantin became the heir to the throne . pavlovich at that moment, the accession to the throne of nicholas himself was not supposed; he grew up in the care

of his mother maria feodorovna under strict spartan conditions and only at the age of 17 received permission along with his younger brother. michael will go on a journey after many years. nikolaev recalled that we began to live and, as if we stepped over at once from ripples into the light in life in berlin i saw. for the first time i am the one who aroused in me the desire to belong to her for all the same life. sixteen-year-old princess frederica louise charlotte wilhelmina the daughter of the russian king was a wonderful match for the grand duke after 2 years they got married orthodoxy charlotte became alexander feodorovna. soon, grand duke nikolai pavlovich was appointed chief inspector of the corps of engineers and chief of the life guards of the sapper battalion, having a phenomenal memory, he knew all the sappers by sight

afterwards. he will often repeat. i'm just an old guards sopher. every day, getting up early , prayer charging charging served not with a gun, the execution of rather complex rifle techniques, then the development of inspection instructions. looks at what others called boring nikolai passionately loved, and meanwhile his elder brother emperor alexander had already hinted to nikolai several times that he would like to transfer the throne to him, the middle brother tsarevich. constantine categorically did not want to become emperor in 1823. alexander signed ma test declaring nicholas to the heirs to the throne. but only four people knew about this, and nicholas himself was not among them on november 19 , 1825. in taganrog emperor alexander

the first died suddenly after 8 days , they learned about it in st. petersburg, a meeting of the state council, a manifesto was announced on the heir to the throne on nicholas , he had already managed to swear allegiance to konstantin and swear in the troops. constantine did not accept the throne after 2 weeks sent an official abdication from warsaw. a unique case in world history, instead of challenging the throne, the romanov brothers persistently conceded it to each other. later, count langeron will answer them in french with a subtle compliment, members of your dynasty. so noble that do not rise, but descend to the throne. however, as a result, a most dangerous situation arose between the kingdom, it was used by the conspirators, who would later be called the decembrists, the decembrists , members of secret societies opposed to

autocracy and serfdom, for the most part, officers of the guard, all nobles, many very, rich and titled members of the northern society, led by nikita muravyov, spoke for the constitutional monarchy of southern society. led by palomere, the republic was planned in enniy coup okay, the most radical conspirators of the entire royal family, including great books, married abroad and born children, so that no one could claim the russian throne. on december 14, the government appointed a re-oath to the new emperor on the eve of the terrible day, nikolai visited the mikhailovsky castle in the evening,

where his father died and asked for his wife when he returned. if something happens die with honor 11:20. nikolai is reported that the moscow leith guards regiment refused to take the oath and went to the senate. square 11:30, accompanied by the emperor's palace guard, goes to the square 12-20. general miloradovich. the decembrist is trying to persuade the rebellious soldiers. kakhovsky shoots at melodradovic winemakers approach the winter 13:20. nikolai sends metropolitans seraphim to form

water empress alexandra feodorovna will remember this day all her life. we saw that the entire square up to the senate itself was filled with people at the first salvo. i fell on my knees in a small office , how i prayed then, so i have never prayed because of the shock of december 14 the empress will suffer all her life from nervous convulsions and strong neuralgic fields, and without that thin. she will lose even more weight and will be almost constantly sick. by order of the emperor, they fired buckshot over the heads of those lined up on the square, soldiers hit the walls of buildings and into the crowd of onlookers along the perimeter of the square. on the day of the uprising on the senate square, one

general, 18 officers, 282 soldiers, 1,174, including 79 women and 150 children, a total of 1,271 people, were killed. the investigation involved 679 people, however almost 2/3 of them were simply slandered by members of secret societies in order to give the plot a mass character after the trial 112 people were put to death with deprivation of all rights of the state 99 were exiled to siberia, including 36 to hard labor nine officers were demoted soldiers of the death

penalty, 36 people were sentenced 31 through cutting off the head and five through quartering, emperor nicholas , by personal decision, commuted the punishment for all , the death sentences remained with five pavel pestel kondra terliyev sergey muravyov apostle mikhail bestuzhevn, and pyotr kakhovsky quartering replaced by the hanged. in the new executed, the emperor paid with the help of subsistence from his own funds and appointed a pension. the family of the destined received a financial allowance from the general staff directorate. for 20 years. the children were placed in educational institutions. nikolai ordered the decembrists' projects to be transferred to a special established committee. count kiselyov was a resolute opponent of serfdom. whose name was on the list of conspirators was involved by the emperor in the development of a peasant reform, taking a delegation to the smolensk nobles. sovereign,

directly told them. i don't understand. how man came to be things and i cannot explain it to myself otherwise than by cunning and deceit on the one hand and ignorance on the other. under nicholas i , serfdom turned into an institution of rent in kind; landowners were forbidden to exile peasants to hard labor to sell them. without land , peasants received relative freedom of movement and the right to conduct entrepreneurial activities. the proportion of serfs in the population russia decreased by 57% to 35, the number of peasant schools increased by sixty to 2.550, since nikolai pavlovich was a military engineer by profession. he was always interested in

technical innovations and in 1835 he became mad, as then many considered the project of a cast-iron or ironworks, by that time there were only three public railways in the world, two in england and one in the world. nikolai carefully studied all the proposed projects, and a year later the construction of an experimental road from petersburg to tsarskoye selo, and after 3 years, despite the objection of the committees of ministers. he signed a decree on the construction of the railway. petersburg-moscow. nikolaev railway. at that time it was the longest in the world 649 km and 700 m, the construction cost 67 million rubles. a third of the empire's annual budget, all 34 stations and both stations were built by the same architect konstantin ton. this is the largest architectural structure

in the world with a track gauge of 1524 mm, 89 mm more than the european one. the road has been widened by personal by order of the emperor, he made sure that the railroad could not pass the enemy after exactly 100 years in 1941. these 89 mm. the supply of german troops will become very difficult for the army group the center will receive only a third of the ammunition necessary for the capture of moscow. in total , about 1,000 miles of railroad tracks were laid during the nikolaev era, which gave an incentive to the development of domestic engineering. the volume of industrial production increased 30 times over three decades. highway hard-surfaced roads moscow-petersburg, moscow irkutsk moscow-warsaw urban population has doubled

industrial revolution in russia occurred under nicholas the first emperor. engineers , the emperor's working day began at 7:00 in the morning and lasted 18 hours with short breaks for food and obligatory walks around 11 o'clock in the afternoon in any weather, the emperor in a simple overcoat. without any protection, he walked along the palace embankments, bowing to his acquaintances. in the evening after 8:00 he could afford to rest for tea with my family to go for a walk with my wife to go to the theater or a masquerade, returning to my place after midnight, sometimes even before 3:00 in the morning i worked, then tiptoeing past the sleeping valet. the emperor himself undressed and went to bed and ate. he did not much prefer simple healthy food, he especially liked chopped veal cutlets with mashed potatoes

for dinner, he could be satisfied with a crust of black bread or pickled cucumber on the road and, more simply, buckwheat porridge, you can usually drink mineral water from alzburg in one plate. and very rarely bordeaux wines. never smoked in everything loved the order was extremely pedantic. it was said that the gaze of the emperor could not be endured by the faint of heart . his presence sometimes fainted ladies, and not from fear, and in a fit of adoration, nikolai pavlovich was angry with one of the most beautiful men in europe , 189 cm tall, broad shoulders, athletic build, there were rumors that he put cotton wool under his uniform for impressiveness, but his personal doctors testified that this is not so, it’s just that the emperor had an unusually wide chest in a cage in the fashion of that time, he tightly pulled his waist, he could not afford to relax even for a minute, the emperor must be impeccable in everything

, it is not by chance that he will become the standard for all the following novels. they portrayed france as a bottle of champagne, from which the cork was knocked out, russia as a damask of vodka, in which there is not a bubble, but in the late forties , when unrest. only england, the netherlands and russia succeeded, the thirty-year reign of nicholas i turned out to be the most stable time in the history of imperial russia

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in the yard hello children. you are the children of cinema workers

one tv presents us to help sister found you do not know what a pancake is. we are at war.

let me help, please don't. meet your dad grisha and how will we continue to live, comrade wants to enroll in our library. sasha , who are you? who are you? i'm sorry i didn't get married not for long.

the first branch of his imperial majesty 's chancellery was responsible for preparing the highest decrees and monitoring their execution, the second branch was engaged in the preparation of a unified code of laws of the russian empire, the third branch was political investigation, censorship, search, counterfeiters and the investigation of peasant complaints against landlords, the fourth or department of empress maria feodorovna charity affairs, including hospital shelters and women's education ; famous third branch, his imperial majesty's own. the chancellery was the highest police of its main task was to oversee the implementation of legislation, and in the first place, the state bodies

had only 3 personnel . he also led the corps of gendarmes from the french gendarmes - armed people who played the role of internal troops with a total of 4,000 people. the prestige and prestige of the corps was very high, and it is no coincidence that it is the gendarmes who appear in the famous silent scene at the end of the gogol auditor in the famous silent scene. it was only thanks to the intercession of the emperors that the play was staged. the emperor, who went down in history as a reactionary, did not think of banning a satirical play. and the first thing he did after the coronation returned the links of the disgraced cannon. they were almost the same age . nikolai the elder for 3 years of the emperor freed pushkin from general censorship, declaring that he personally

will be his censor. pushkin dedicated a total of nine poems to nikolai. nikolai saved pushkin from trouble by personal intervention on several occasions and even paid off his debts, totaling 165,000 rubles. 198 million for today's money. at this time, the cornet of the life guards of the hussar regiment, mikhail lermontov, was transferred to the active army for the endless caucasian war for serious disciplinary violations. the caucasian war , the conquest of the russian imperial army of the territory of the north caucasus, began in 1817 under alexander the first peak reached in the thirties under nicholas when the highlanders of chechnya of dagestan, led by imam shamil, declared a gazovat to the russians, a holy

war would end with the capture of shamil and the conquest of the north caucasus only in the sixties under alexander ii, while in europe a whole coalition was formed against russia, the european powers for a long time were concerned about the foreign policy and military activity of nicholas for a quarter of a century. russian troops won two local wars with persia and turkey and suppressed two uprisings in poland and hungary after which nikolai received the nickname gendarme of europe in 1853, the russian war began in november in the caucasus, russian troops defeated the turkish army, and admiral nakhimov's squadron destroyed the turkish fleet in the sinop bay. 4 days after the sinop battle in the black sea, the english and french appeared with footage in the spring of next

year. russia found itself at war with england france turkey sardinia. prussia held austria, hostile to the neutral allies, who owed much to russia, insulted by the emperor, the war actually unfolded in three theaters in the crimea in the caucasus and on the white sea, the english squadron made an attempt. besiege the solovetsky monastery, but the brothers managed to roll out several old cannons and repel the fire of the enemies. russian troops. they also won , but in the crimea the events were tragic for the defense of sevastopol, there was not enough strength or technical means. steam ships in the russian fleet occupied 30%, in the allied fleet 70%. russian sailing squadron. admiral nakhimov. i had to flood across the luck, and the only way

managed to protect the sevastopol bay from the anglo-french steam fleet during the defense of sevastopol, 127,587 people died. in total, the losses of the russian army amounted to 143,000 people. catastrophe russian soldiers showed miracles of heroism and ingenuity, however, the black sea fleet was destroyed at the time of the break in relations with england, nicholas i said in a word. maybe i will wear mourning for the russian fleet, but i will never wear grass in russian. nicholas was crushed. he lost sleep, doctors warned that the reserves and his body were running out . did not listen to anyone in private conversation. nikolai once

said, if i could choose, i would never choose my current position, but i am a sentry who received an order and i try. at the end of january, the emperor caught a serious cold, his personal doctor categorically forbade him to go out into the cold, but it was necessary to accept the parade of troops that were sent to the crimea to go to war, the emperor said to the doctor. you have done your duty. let me fulfill mine, and in a light horse guards uniform, i went out to the troops in the icy wind. soon he has signs of pneumonia were discovered on february 17, lung paralysis began, the emperor was fully conscious and understood that in a few hours he would die of suffocation, he managed to pray and say goodbye to his loved ones, having learned that a courier had arrived from the crimea with a

successful report nicholas i pointed to his son. this is now not for me, but for alexander, he said, i am giving you the command not at all in the order in which i wanted to give it. on february 18, at 12:30, a mourning flag was raised over the winter palace by the main clock empire, nicholas i surrendered his post, died in at the age of 59, 37-year-old alexander nikolayevich ascended the throne; he had to do. what his grandmother catherine ii did not succeed in his time, his uncle alexander, the first non-father nicholas , alexander ii, would enter as a liberator.

i want to raise a man in my son. before making a sovereign out of him, scientists with liberal views were invited, the staff of teachers was headed by a famous poet, a romantic. vasily zhukovsky's father went to see him. just in the middle of the lesson , the uprising of the decembrists. sorry replied alexander after completing his studies, the heir went on a trip to russia, traveled 30 thousand kilometers and visited 30 provinces, was the first of the romanovs to cross

the border between europe and asia and visited siberia in tobolsk, the tsarevich met with the decembrists and tried his best to alleviate their plight, in the heel, met alexander hertzin, who was exiled there young people quickly found a common language and subsequently alexander will do everything possible to free herzen from police supervision. herzen will write odes to the reformer tsar alexander ii did a lot, a lot. now it stands above all its predecessors. he fought in the name of human rights for this, not the russian people, not world history will not forget herzen from london, will launch his revolutionary agitation , will call for the creation of an anti-government public culprit.

while still a prince, alexander often acted at the behest of his heart, and not of reason, to the displeasure of his severe father. in alexander , non-royal traits of frivolity, gentleness were increasingly manifested. and sensitivity the heir to the russian throne most of all resembled a handsome prince from a fairy tale and all the time strove to find cinderella for himself , falling in love with young freys in 1838. parents sent alexander to europe in search of a bride. among european princesses. darstat, the heir liked the sixteen-year-old princess maximilian, wilhelmina august sophia maria of hesse felling big eyes angel and in london , alexander was introduced to her majesty queen victoria was 20 years old, and she was just looking after

to myself a groom among european persons queen victoria salo in her diary, i found the grand duke extremely attractive. he has beautiful blue eyes. he is only a year older than me, we danced at the ball until three-quarters of the night. he is so incredibly strong, and so quickly spinning, we were spinning like a whirlwind. i have never been so happy, alexander in love was already about to renounce the russian throne in order to become a british prince, but i could not even think of such a retinue in relation to the crowned romeo and juliet intervened and reminded the ardent prince. about his long before russia, i am a small hessian pancake, this union was approved by everyone and they were married orthodoxy to zemlyan the great on august. sophia maria took the name maria

alexandrovna for the first few years, alexander was passionately in love with his young wife and spoiled her without limiting his imagination, for example, on his orders, in the fall, a live apple tree with fruits was installed in the dining room in a huge skating rink so that maria herself could pick the apple she liked . but after a few years, the romance disappeared, they are practically they were not alone in the presence of the courtiers, they had on-duty conversations about health and children. about the weather , they participated in ceremonies and paid visits together, and in the evening, the empress, weakened by the st. petersburg climate and frequent childbirth, fell ill with consumption of tuberculosis and by the age of 36, had born ry children, went to different bedrooms. she has become a shadow of herself. their fleeting

royal hobbies flashed out, secular data given by the senior forge of the smolny institute for noble maidens. then at the very beginning of the reign. he was forgiven everything and everything he was loved with alexander the second connected with the brightest most dazzling hopes. survived in russia in 1856. he does not know what life and the hall is. leo tolstoy a mature 37-year-old well-trained ruler, who had been participating in the work of state committees for many years, entered the throne. he managed to destroy the foreign policy blockade of russia, the paris peace treaty was signed, according to which russian losses in the crimean war were not so great. true, russia was losing supremacy in european policy to solve this problem.

young, the emperor left for later. in one of his first addresses to the representatives of the nobility, the emperor declared the existing order of the possession of souls could not remain unchanged better. to abolish serfdom from above rather than wait for it to become of itself from below me. previously, the russian emperors did not dare to abolish serfdom, fearing the opposition of the nobility, alexander had nowhere to retreat. he understood one wrong step and russia was threatened, either a military coup or a new pugachevshchina after 7 years of disputes and discussions on february 19, 1861, the emperor signed a manifesto, and all the merciful granting of serfs the rights of the state of free rural inhabitants of the reform, the peasants were

freed with land that they had to buy from the landlords, the government assisted the redemption with subsidies and long-term loans, the peasants paid 20 % of the state, 80. redeemable on the virgin turned out to be less used by 30%. the amount of the ransom is much more than their real value, the peasants became debtors to the treasury, many decades ahead. the earth was distributed so in 99 million 800.000 peasants, 71% of the population 33 million 700.000. one million 700,000 nobles have one and a half percent of the population of 71 1/2 million. following the abolition of serfdom, a chain reaction of reforms began, a new system was needed to

govern the new country zemstvo city reform created elected bodies of local self-government zemstvo and city dumas that themselves decided on economic budgetary issues reform education made accessible secondary and higher education by an increased network of public schools, a school for migrants established. first general education courses. for women, the universities received a special status and with regard to autonomy, judicial reform established the equality of all classes. before the law, an adversarial process involving lawyers institute, sworn attorneys authoritativeness and public court hearings, military reform abolished corporal punishment in the army. a complete re-equipment with rifled rifles and cannons was carried out. instead of a recruiting set, all class military service was introduced. these were the first democratic elections in the history of russia. transformations, when one of the old dignitaries

told the emperor the liberation of the peasants could lead people to the idea of ​​​​the constitution alexander ii answered him, well, if this is exactly the desire of russia if it is ripe for this i am ready alexander set strict deadlines for the preparation of projects by his minister and adviser, and he himself always fit exactly on his desk, every day thick packages, documents lay down, it was necessary to complete everything that his father did not have time to do. first of all, to end the war in the caucasus, the war ended in 1864.

the only territorial loss during this period was alaska. 1.5 million square kilometers unsuitable for agriculture and practically uninhabited land were sold to the united states of america for 7 million 200,000 dollars in gold. at the current equivalent of $108 million, the deal was considered very profitable. usually alexander nikolayevich worked with short breaks from 9:00 am to lunch, which began at 6:00 pm. then there was already private time, which he devoted to his family and social receptions, his main hobby. there was a hunt, he especially loved big animal hunts for bears, elks, bison, however, soon

ordinary walks would become much more dangerous for him when the hunt was announced for him alexander ii was the last ruler in the history of russia who could afford to just walk around the city without armed guards and any escort. dear ladies, attention before you is still living legend señor jaca ma casanova it looks like we will have a new favorite how many years have you not lifted a finger to find me require list.

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fried chicken i know how it is in paris, but i know how they kiss now in soviet russia. cinema one tv presents the local kupchino gromov did not share with his son some kind of urban ritual anfisu all finished. using the red button on the remote control, log in by phone number and during the broadcast of the program. let's get married, guess which of the grooms or

the bride will be chosen by the protagonist of the program and which couple will eventually form for the right answers. you accumulate points the most active viewers will receive prizes you can play on tvs with the hbptv function, if the tv does not have the hbvtv function, then for voting, you can use the interactive player on the website of the first channel, as well as the mobile application of the first interactive television on the first songwriter, but only relatives and friends know about it. the thirst for self-expression does not give you peace, and your friends say that a big stage is crying for you, fill out an application and participate in international competitions. and who knows, maybe your song will be appreciated by the best producers, and your favorite idols will perform. we call the author on stage. this is your debut. almost every day in the summer garden

petersburgers, diligently pretending that they did not recognize the master of the portrait, which they hung in all government places and whispered, the sovereign walks his smoke. alexander it was 48 and he had long lost count of his novel . 19-year-old princess ekaterina dolgorukova, a pupil of the smolny institute. at first, we just liked him after several completely innocent dates, the emperor fell in love and did not find him. many years later, catherine remembered. he treated me like a sacred object. it's so noble and wonderful. we met every day, crazy with happiness to love and understand each other completely, he swore to me before the image that he was devoted to me

forever and that his only dream was to marry me. if ever he will be free. on april 4, 1866, after another meeting , he did not immediately understand who was waiting from the gates of the summer garden. the emperor was fully aware that opponents of the reforms might try to overthrow him from the throne, even kill him. once upon a time, an old fortuneteller

predicted that he would survive seven assassination attempts and alexander always remembered this. the first attempt was made by a twenty-six-year-old lone terrorist dmitry karakozov from the impoverished nobles, a former student supporter of the tactics of individual terror believed that the kings of murder would provoke the people to a revolution, the peasant komissarov, who was standing nearby, hit him on the hand with a pistol and a bullet flew over the head of the king, captured by karakozov. he said that he shot at the king, because he deceived the people with the reform, gave too little land. the whole country was shocked, and alexander himself most of all in 1863, the outstanding historian sergei solovyov explained the state of the country and the emperor of extremes. it

was easy to screw up under nicholas it was easy to hastily debunk under alexander ii on the brakes. the crew during this convulsive descent was an extremely difficult converter. like peter the great, at the steepest descent, he holds the horses in a strong hand and the crew is safe, but the converters, like alexander ii, let the horses spray from the mountain. but they do not have the strength to restrain them, and therefore the crew is threatened with death. enough problems on the personal front secret romance scary angered his relatives and associates of dolgoruky. i had to temporarily send abroad to the french king invited to the world exhibition and alexander immediately went to paris. they wandered around without recognizing anyone along the big boulevard. from a letter of alexander ii to catherine i

love you madly, and these sweet days spent together make me infinitely happy. the lovers did not know that they were followed everywhere by the french secret police, but no security measures helped. second assassination attempt nationalist anton berezovsky, he shot alexander when he, together with emperor napoleon the third, was returning from a military review in the open. the bullet hit the horse. alexander began to get used to the constant danger. when the next war with turkey began, the sovereign went to the

front. despite all the efforts of the guards, he was constantly under fire in this war, the purpose of which was the liberation of the orthodox bulgarians and serbs from turkish oppression, all of russia sympathized and the emperor could not help being at the forefront of the war. bulgaria ended in complete victory for russia and became an independent state. and to this day, in every bulgarian church, during every liturgy, alexander ii, tsar liberator, is commemorated. it's great april 1879, when the emperor was returning from his usual morning walks, he was greeted by the passage. alexander absently answered the greeting. i already saw a pistol in the hands of a passerby. the sixty-year-old alexander ii emperor, the all-russian tsar, the polish grand duke of finland, and so on and so forth, ran like a hunted wolf in zigzags and leaps to make it harder

was to follow him. almost on the heels of the killer, the third assassination attempt made a 33-year-old entertainment with alexander solovyov, a member of the secret revolutionary society land and will, the murder thought on his own, counting on a coup while chasing the emperor, he managed to fire four shots from a distance of about 10 steps. all the bullets went past soon arose, the radical terrorist organization narodnaya volya, its leaders sophia perovskaya and andrey zhelyabov began to professionally prepare the assassination of the emperor. 1879 group of jelly was electric fuse fifth

assassination attempt perovskaya's group laid a mine on a railway near moscow, the terrorists knew that the retinue's train was coming first, but by chance the tsar's train was the first to go this time, the attempt failed. on may 22, 1880, empress maria alexandrovna died, and on july 6, after waiting 40 days, alexander nikolayevich married ekaterina dolgorukova, who was bestowed the title of yuryevskaya book. the wedding took place in a small room of the tsarskoye selo palace church in strict secrecy, because the marriage of alexander ii did not want to accept anyone translating. alexander nikolaevich was in a hurry. he

had to have time to ensure the future of his wife and children. strengthening the guard did not help death was always somewhere nearby. stepan khalturin took a job as a carpenter in the winter palace and in half a year gradually carried 30 kg of dynamite into the basement under the royal dining room in an explosion on february 5, 1880 , 11 people died, 56 were injured. it turned out he was meeting a late guest. a few days later, the emperor wrote to his son. dear sasha , in the event of my death, i entrust you with the children. recently, alexander nikolaevich began to find torn

pigeons on the windowsill of his bedroom. it turned out that a kite settled on the roof of the palace, when he was caught, he turned out to be of such gigantic size that he was placed in a cabinet of curiosities. the sick, wrecked, persecuted emperor now dreamed of only one thing - to abdicate in favor of an adult son and leave with his wife and children to nice, but there was one more important thing to do; on his behalf, a project was developed on the establishment of an elected assembly in russia. the first step to the parliament and the constitution alexander nikolayevich had already approved it, and on march 4, 1881, the discussion of the project at the council of ministers was scheduled after which it would come into force. on march 1, the sovereign was scheduled to be present at the mikhailovsky manege for the guard on the way back. he stopped at the

mikhailovsky palace to have tea with the cousin of the grand duchess ekaterina mikhailovna. plans to leave for nice at 2:10. in the afternoon , the emperor left her and got into the carriage at 3:00. he needs to be in winter. he promised his wife to take her for a walk, having passed the engineering street, the tsar 's carriage turned onto the embankment of the catherine 's canal. six followed. kazakov pledge rode on two sleighs, security officers, led by a master in front of the bread picture a little further away, artillery officers, turning alexander nikolaevich managed to notice a young woman who waved a white handkerchief to someone arose. the seventh attempt was made by the twenty-year-old people

who fired nikolai rusakov, one of the two bombers who were on duty on the ekaterininskaya embankment, the signal for action was given by sophia perovskaya rysakov. he threw a homemade bomb into the royal carriage and tried to escape, but he slipped and was caught by the explosion and killed two cossacks. the convoy and the boy. a passer -by injured three horses, the front wheels were damaged and the goat of the emperor's carriage was not injured. master colonel adrian borzhitsky, who happened to be next to the emperor, recalled the sovereign was completely calm. i suggested that his majesty ride in my sleigh to the state palace said well. just show the culprit. chervl also asked the sovereign to go further to his majesty came up.

the emperor looked into the eyes of his failed strength. survived the seventh assassination now it's over. but because of him, innocent people suffered and alexander nikolaevich went to the site of the explosion to the wound. he was followed by the chief of police dvordzhitsky. i did not have time to take even three steps, as i was stunned by a new explosion. among the smoke and snowy fog, i heard weak voice of his majesty. help, i lifted his ground and he saw with horror that his majesty's legs were crushed. the second bomb was thrown by 25-year-old ignatius grinevitsky, who blew himself up along with the emperor. the last words of the sovereign were rather go home to die in the palace.