the controversy is going on, it may be sharp, but at the same time, the goal, of course, is the good of russia. i want to thank you for your married position. the ministry of defense spoke about new examples of the valor of the participants in the special operation to protect donbass captain erik korkusov delivered bitterness to the line of contact while refueling russian equipment ukrainian saboteurs attacked the captain organized the defense and fettered the actions of the nationalists. yes, in a comrade, the ability to evacuate equipment. rear, column under the command of a major. artemy repkina supplied our units ukrainian militants attacked the front column, defending it, the major, together with his subordinates, destroyed the mortar of the nationalists. the trucks arrived at their destination without loss. as for the need for the united states to blow up the russian gas pipeline, nord stream was told by the american journalist seymourfish, winner of the pullet prize, earlier, citing his own sources. he has already stated that this sabotage was initiated in washington and now in an interview with the demokrasil portal. why

was such a decision made at the highest level, according to hershey, the purpose of the explosion was the desire to put pressure on germany and other european countries. the president hesitated at the last minute. he was afraid that the explosion after the exercise would point to the united states but later. he said, ukraine and i are in a big war. this doesn't look very good. fine. i want to make sure i get the support of germany and western europe . and winter is just around the corner, he said, so europe's trade in need of cheap gas from russia was seen as a threat, and the us has always wanted to isolate russia, which has been a topic of recent decades. so fear is that europe will not support the war in sochi, the sixteenth winter international arts festival has started, concerts of academic jazz ethnic music , the best ballets and drama performances, exhibitions and educational marathons, including for children, the audience would already be able to appreciate the meek performance, but today the grandiose opening concert with

the participation of two maestro valery georgieva at once will last until the twenty- seventh of february. see you soon my name is larisa guzeeva is a podcast of letters. today we will talk about ivan sergeevich turgenev at my place. historian yegor yakovlev thank you for coming. thank you. that's how interesting it is, after a while, uh , in general, to talk about the scale of such a person as, for example, a fantastic genius writer, da turgenev a and b in connection with this. well, reading, yes, here is his biography, plunging

into it, what thoughts just do not come. that's me to an ordinary person after all. i am not a historian. i'm just a woman. it seems to me that if i had been born to such parents as, uh, ivan sergeevich, i would have been a homicidal maniac. here you go, if you talk about who his mother was, papa is already terrible, though ivan sergeevich had a very difficult childhood, a very destructive family, and not in the first generation? because his mother, varvara petrovna, was also born into a destructive family , her father did not beat her very much. the mother was also a cruel woman. well, it so happened that she inherited a very large inheritance and married for love, but her husband did not love her. it was a fine, cavalry guard. a very handsome man, gollant. uh, very poor and money does wonders, and he married for convenience. he married by calculation, and not loving

his wife constantly cheated on her. this, of course, left an imprint on family relationships. therefore, it was all in front of the son of little vanya, of course, in front of the son, and not one of them had three sons, unfortunately, the younger son died more of an epilepsy wound, and ivan sergeevich down. i watched all this and was, in fact, a victim of these relationships and a victim of the character of a despotic self-righteous mother, who was very cruel in relation to the serfs, yes, and to their children, the facts. sorry to keep. ah, souls, slaves. the same yes but from here ivan sergeevich will bear the impressions, which he later described in notes. oh fuck. so, here. i want to say that if our brilliant writers did not have such a life. such uh, nightmares in their lives. eh, could they have become articles, but i’m interested in another ivan sergeevich

sang all his life. ah, female beauty. yes, the nobility of purity. it would seem that. yes , everything should be, on the contrary, he has all the heroines to be evil villains. uh, but just awful bloody. no. well, he has one bloody one. barney, if we remember the textbook story of mumut, this is just an image created based on the communication of his own mother. but fortunately , other women met in life and he loved many of them, and one of them he loved all his life paping also influenced his work. yes, and we are the story when he loved the girl very much, and the girl became papa's mistress. yes this is the story that formed the basis of the famous story first love. oh, the others didn't have a roommate. and of course, our repentant, beautiful young girl, whom others did not love, she played with him, but in the end reciprocated no answered a.

then he found out that she was the beloved of his father, who, among other things, cheated on her younger ones, and it so happened that he just didn’t know, shakhovskaya, by the way, a gifted poetess woman, lived a very short tragic life of only 25 years. and this is another injury that left an imprint on the character of ivan sergeevich, he is very small souls and killed, the supplies disappeared in front of the boy. and they didn’t look for his soul in any way, and they didn’t kill him, and right here, look disappointment, some kind of weak stop- you see, how the standards are. all of them squirmed, of course, turgenev was a man with a very problematic childhood with a problematic youth. and it seems to me that these experiences left a serious imprint on his relationship with women. there are turgenev women, what you are talking about beautifully and pure and decisive heroines of his work, but there are also turgenev men who are not talked about at school are

not a determined man who cannot decide in any way, but to overcome some difficulty, overcome an obstacle and achieve happiness. but no, and their happiness is to be classical henpecked in this happiness , in fact, no one, but the exact one, well , he did not derive the formula of happiness, and ivan sergeevich found happiness, joy in not being a slave to his beloved. it seems to me not quite, because, but one such experience he had was an experience. yes, they burned the viardot. but in general, it seems to me that ivan sergeevich was simply afraid relations. and i was afraid of responsibility in this marriage, and this fear. well, of course, it stemmed from the unhappy marriage of the parents and this unhappy childhood. well, look, i could afford to buy a serf, because i fell in love, or maybe the parents of a child from serf and yes, there the story was more complicated, because uh, of course, u ivan

sergeevich, with all his wonderful works, was born to a completely feeling family, and he was also a serf and yes, he had an affair with avdotya ermolaevna ivanova, who was her mother's dressmaker. and this is a novel was noticed by my mother, and my mother was very jealous. by the way, to all the girls of both of her eldest sons, but a scandal will arise and you sergeevich left her mother and only after, uh, 7 years. he found out after eight even years. he found out that he had a daughter. well , i didn't know that, and that's only because she does it. rubbish yes, to deprive that unfortunate person of something that was dishonored, but practically they threw it into the street and took it away from the child. well, how is this possible, she was a cruel woman, she scoffed, scoffed and called for this the rest. here is turgenev. actually it was identified only for one simple reason.

she was terrifyingly similar to him, if we compare the photographs of the adults of polina yes, and in russia she was called the pelagi of this girl, then she really looks very much like him on sergeevich. that's just arriving to her mother in 1850 on business. i'll tell you what i found. here, guess that my daughter, 8 years old , is strikingly similar to me, i can’t describe to you the feeling that her appearance caused me. imagine that i'm not even remembering the features of her mother's face i say, this is not at all exaggerated. whence such a resemblance, in which there should have been, e, imprinted mutual love, looking at this poor little creature. i felt my obligations towards her and i fulfilled them. she will never know poverty. i will arrange her life. as best as possible. you can imagine? what a painful impression this meeting made on me, that i changed my mind about everything that came into my head. oh my god. oh my god,

now i feel like i would adore a child whose face? reminds me of the features of my beloved mother. this similarity what is this similarity? what a mockery, this is to whom he wrote a letter, this letter is written along the line with which he was then. close familiar. but here's what is interesting in this letter, he talks about the mother of this girl, she is alive, she is alive, she still works as a dressmaker. turgenev writes that he wanted to visit her, but did not dare. he didn't even remember her face 8 years had passed. he no longer remembers, this is her face, and he writes that in his interpretation, uh, it looks like. so that mother i really wanted to get rid of my daughter, but we really don’t know, because uh, the other side couldn’t tell us their stories, when, uh, she took her daughter and raised her, and the mother asked ivan sergeevich yes to meet

her daughter. he didn't allow it. well, there was no communication. yes, it is not clear how this woman would have told was a game, but my feelings for her are something. what the world never knew than what never existed. and that it never can. it will be repeated from the very minute that i saw her for the first time so fatal minute. i belonged to her all the way a dog belongs to its master. i could no longer live anywhere, wherever she did not live, i broke away at once from everything dear to me from the motherland itself set off after. behind this woman in german fairy tales. knights often fall into a similar stupor. i couldn't take my eyes off her face. i could not hear enough of her speeches to stop admiring her every movement. i was right and breathed up after her, that it was it was a flash, of course, they got to know each other vividly in 1843, and he is 25, she is 22 and he is still far away, not he is sergeevich turgenev in whom we know,

he has not yet written practically anything from his great books, and she is already a star, and her loud word. it began in russia, she came here on tour with her husband, whom she had just married for 20 years. yes, 20 years older than her. she is a singer and an amazing woman singer everyone described her as very ugly or finch repin then said that well, it was impossible to look in front, only in profile, yes, and even in literature textbooks. i remember this the marvelous profile of pauline viardot is amazing, only the rest is beautiful. yes, she was not pretty, but she was slim and even thin. she had wonderful, black hair, intelligent velvety eyes and a matte complexion until old age. her mouth was large and ugly, but as soon as she began to sing, and there were no flaws in her face and speech, she was divinely inspired, being such a beauty and mighty and such an actress

that the theater trembled from the applause of flowers. they poured onto the stage and in this enthusiastic show the queen of the stage was hiding behind the falling curtain. yes, it was love at first sight, and he was introduced to her as a terrible hunter. and a bad poet, then he leaves for europe and is next to this family , and he will stay for many years and sometime later andre maurois, the famous french writer biographer turgenev will say that if dima were put in front of turgenev, he would become the greatest a writer in the entire history of literature, but never see polina virtue, nor a faithful family, or stop being a writer or but be a janitor for a family of wirds. he will choose the second. well, i think it's for the red word. look, well, her husband was fine with that kind of neighborhood. uh, his wives let's start. i understand that he was aware of their uh, intimate relationship. let's start with the fact that we do not

know, in general, whether there were these intimate relationships? here, uh, there is not a single clear drilling about this, and everything was calculated exactly after nine months there. ah, a son was born. of course, they say, because the tabloids and rumors and gossip existed even then. well , maybe they were. and maybe not, but this connection she was, uh, after all, in the first line, spiritual. it seems to me that they were very, very interesting with each other, because polina ivan sergeevich were people of high culture. these were people who had many very common interests. and but this mutual interest, and the ability to enjoy intellectually with each other, and became the key to the strength of their relationship, as it seems to me, i can’t say that i’m so sparkling cynical, but i don’t believe their relationship, and without intimacy without this one passion,

what can be such a depth of feelings, in fact, which led to us that he entrusted her, and his finances through his daughter. yes went to foster, and she adopted yes daughter. window this is not only her passion for money, which turgenev had. and they don't have a husband. it's not exactly like that, though. uh, we have a stereotype that ivan sergeevich was very rich. why not very rich? well , for example, uh, sell a village, an estate , some estate and spend it on a viord to decorate it. uh, some of her pranks there. why not? it could be the flow when my mother died before the death of her mother, for these 7 years his mother was alive ivan sergeevich was not rich. he depended on his mother and there were times when, on the contrary, polina and her husband.

money was narrowed to ivan sergeevich, not vice versa, so here i would act as his lawyer. here's but really. here is what he trusts her with his daughter. why do they just trust him, he asks him for advice on what to do with his daughter, because everyone knows that she was born illegitimately, that she is from krepostnaya and it is polina viordov who offers this way out. to take my daughter to france because no one in france knows this, we will have it there as a pupil and no one will watch in france. and this really allowed the girl. eh, to get a relatively normal upbringing on formal grounds, and in france turgenev recognizes it. that is , she will bear the name of polina turgeneva. what will allow her to do, and then enter very it would seem that a good marriage by social standards will not marry an entrepreneur, the owner of a glass factory, hello but anyway daddy sucked money, still wrote complained, but they came and so on. in general, her life also did not work out; her daughter

developed from infancy. and here it is manifest that on the one hand she became a frenchwoman. she did not speak russian. she was such a classic frenchwoman, as if upbringing and education of the worldview and so on, but at the same time she dragged all the problems from russia. yeah, uh, where she grew up, but the problem is, her relationship didn't work out. with polina to her, maybe once again. it just seemed like polina is right to give her little attention, damn it, they grew their own souls, so she was sent to an educational institution. after a while my mother again took the little one, o , whom i wrote to you on sunday, to me, this saddens me, because her position here is, of course, disgusting. they make something like a servant out of her and i want to make a princess out of her. well, well, well, you understand me, i wish that she was free, and she will be well noble to her. of course not, he made her free. it was he who provided her with

this favorable marriage. he helped her during in france sent her. yes, she got an excellent education, and uh, he made his grandchildren fall in love and helped them and helped them to the very end. well, there's some serious trouble, my dear girl. i must tell you frankly that i was not very pleased with you during my last stay in france . i discovered some rather serious shortcomings. you are touchy, conceitedly stubborn and secretly you do not like to be told the truth and easily turn away from those people whom you should especially love as soon as these people stop pampering you. you are jealous, you are not trusting. you love to communicate, only with people whom you consider below yourself , your pride becomes. it seems to be savage to touchy even towards me, who has never done anything to you that could have done you. to offend, listen, well, after going through such humiliations, of course, she will

assert herself on those who are below her, everyone wants revenge, you understand? in general, i don't like it. by the way, i'm not happy with these letters. turgenev's daughter. you are touchy, you are conceited. listen, it was you who made her like that, so you go to the mirror , accuse yourself of tearing off your mother to give grandmother to this cruel motherfucker, then someone else's aunt to a foreign country, who i don't know what happened there with closed doors. and this, by the way, is interesting. here he is writing to her. you are touchy something conceited. who was she offended by? we're talking about resentment here. no. listen, sergeevich was offended whom it was already my mother who didn’t love and didn’t finish it, and so on, because maybe he wanted her to kiss his hands because he was the same to her. he says, i did not do anything bad to you, except good, and you instead. you thank me endlessly to thank your benefactors. you are still offended by them, if

they do not endlessly indulge you and do not praise, he still stands up for pauline, because the main goal is she probably complained. yes, your daughter is not so affectionate, she doesn’t kiss my hands for everything. oh, it's all so complicated. the truth is that you have a father, i never saw him once in all that time. he didn't see me, so he probably doesn't need me. the pressure is normal , something to worry about. i set you up like this daughter of the movie.

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is independent of the causes of its occurrence, pentalgin will do without pain letters. i am larisa guzeeva and egor yakovlev is visiting her. these are about love. do you believe that viardot and loved turgenev yes, of course, of course, she loved him, and ivan sergeyevich loved polina ivan sergeyevich loved his finger. they say that ivan sergeevich was a russian spy, no sergeevich, well, in the full sense of the word, of course, he was not a spy, e the fact is that ivan sergeevich turgenev was really a propagandist of russian culture in europe and. eh, sometimes desperately even defended the glory of russian literature. e in disputes with foreigners. well, for example, such a case with william kirei told him that russian literature does not exist. and turgenev

told him that sir, despite all your satirical talent. do we have a uh hmm writer who came out to you in every way or asked who it is? this is gogol's answer. turgenev yes, i don’t know such a thing, he was in prison, yes, yes. uh, not for long, though only a month he was imprisoned, the fact is that in 1852, when nikolai vasilyevich gogol died, ivan sergeevich wrote a heartfelt obituary in which he called gogol a great man. this censorship in st. petersburg banned. but turgenev still managed to push through. this is a text in moscow, uh, and yes he was arrested as he was pouted. uh, at first he spent a month in prison, and then he was sent into exile for 2 years on his estate. that's how pushkin was mikhailov there, that's how turgenev was at spassky, and here, by the way, there was an interesting story, because just at that time he arrived again in russia and turgenev - this is one of the few directly very decisive actions for him fled. he

was not allowed to leave his estate, but he fled and met a giant. although it is a threat. well, there were so many noble ladies around, some serious ones, who would not have had time to marry with great pleasure. for ivan sergeevich turgenev, who says i propagandized the entire russian russian culture of russian literature, it means that, on the contrary, i thought that he bowed to the west no. no, he and he fell in love with this one a gypsy, like her yes, she called him, mama. eh, married. uh, without any prospects, it means that there was something in her that was not in russian , uh, beautiful women, well, i fell in love, i fell in love in the end, that is, it's not that she was not russian that she was here and he was very good with her. and he couldn't get away from her. here is the main reason. do you really think that there was no between them. and that very

charismatic love, er, intimacy of these passions. oh that it was all on the level soul of the intellect. no, maybe there was, i don’t know for sure, i admit that it’s possible for me. he was a bachelor all the same, he never got married, because this love for viard. he will go through his whole life 40 years 40 years. i think so, no matter how he got married for a completely different reason. no. i think that he did not marry for the simple reason that he was afraid of marriage. he to it. in general, i didn't want to. he approached the projectile several times. he had several attempts. he was torn with polina vr well he came to russian he liked some girls was flirting. uh, and he had such an exploitative romance with maria nikolaevna tolstaya, the sister of lev nikolaevich, and this is very cool. almost got shot. yes, not entirely because of this. but yes. this complicated their relationship. eh, but what happened there , a story happened there, like with polina viardot, but in

miniature maria nikolaevna was married to her distant relative thick valerian. uh, and uh, the relationship in this marriage was also destructive, not only did the spouses not love each other, valerian, had fortress scale. and that is cheating on his wife literally on the right to the left. this is a fortress. at its worst, izvoda, uh, valerian was outwardly very ugly. turgenev called him. the eighth village henry he was very fat. well, of course, marie was very hard with such a husband. well, how turgenev behaves, he is friends, and that’s exactly how seven viardou is, he is friends with her husband and communicates with his wife and with her husband and walks with his wife and with her husband and with his wife. well, he starts flirting with maria and they like each other and others do not write as friends, what seems to be lovers about your feelings. she gets divorced like that, but, uh, i think that some biographers of turgen make you too sharp about her divorce, because she didn’t go to turgenev, but

then she went to the monastery, when it didn’t work out. uh, when ivan sergeevich didn’t take it, you understand, these are completely different judges. here you are men, you talk like that. for me, this is an absolute tragedy. she is getting divorced. he won't marry her. she goes to a convent. what is a monastery? yes, this is the end. eh, earthly life was not quite the way it was, so, firstly, ivan sergeevich definitely did not promise anything, and he could not have promised it. absolutely not in his spirit, and i repeat that she did not leave for him, but from her husband, and a rather long period passed between mary's departure , maria's divorce and her departure to the monastery, and between that time she had an affair with another man . she went to europe and met, there, a nobleman viscount, uh, from whom she gave birth to an illegitimate daughter, and only after this man, from whom she gave birth to an illegitimate daughter, left her. here it is already fully. she left ivan sergeevich , after all, it has nothing to do with it, although, uh, leo nikolayevich tolstoy noticed this flirting, and he wrote

that you can behave like a true turgenev? it really was like that. well, how is it connected here is the same story as with the viards? it seems to me that he felt comfortable with tolstoy when there is a woman. yes, she is married, she has such a stable position. he flirts with them , communicates, talks, but does not bear any responsibility. and he was right with polina, and many men love married men. women, because no responsibility. and you don't owe anyone anything. you have love. you have an open relationship. you are not afraid of him, because she will never bear it. these are families, because yes there is a fear of losing a husband and so on. that is, many men are so arranged they say that men are. yes, everything, very very suits roman for married ladies as long as they are not going to divorce, yes, well, judging by the fact that turgenev never did. yes, the suggestion is correct. with all the great love. and yet this in the west there were freer customs, e.g.,

divorces were allowed. why not? i don't think he wanted it. she didn't want that either. i think that there was such an agreement about everyone with everyone and her spouse is embarrassing. and when he lost his mother and estate, and he got to dispose of everything. yes, but i'm a little too hasty. e, said that he sold himself a small estate and went to buy himself , er, pamper. e, beloved, and so on, then there was also a lot of money put on the daughter, yes, which, for example, i don’t think that she directly spent everything, but it was beneficial for everyone on the girl. well, even then no one interfered, nor the mother could interfere. yes, not her old husband, and everything was fine. well, here we must bear in mind that she is just such a benefit of men, we will not hide it. uh, western people were more pragmatic than, uh, russian. no, i don't think it

was just a question. where are you? i think that relationships, they kind of became, so that they became closer, then a little further away, but in general there was some kind of connection. here she held him. she held him, because he was also interesting to her, uh, and she was very much to him interesting. here turgenev writes in the sixties such an unknown, little known novel of smoke, he is considered a creative failure. although undeserved in my opinion. there are two heroes litvinov and potugin. uh, they're both in love with the same married woman, and she keeps them both. well, well, potugin is a slave who sits next to her and is ready to fulfill her any assignment, plus even a new potential lover, even if she asks him, well, to bring a potential lover to her. and litvinov, when such an offer is made to him to be such a slave, he breaks decisively and leaves for russia ; the action takes place in a bathhouse. and now, it seems to me that turgenev, he was torn between

these two scenarios, but the scenario was poguginnogo for him. lower and more comfortable , and therefore also keep several men on a leash, uh at their feet. uh, hmm, it was for something too. yes, there were many of these very ones, but i’m here in what is unique turgenev’s uniqueness , where there were certainly many novels, and there the composer gounod and the artist schaefer and baden, princes, many men always surrounded her, but now she became truly close and family members ivan sergeevich turgenev adored him. children, and polina vr was, yes, but it’s enough to read the correspondence. let's say put it down. yes, they didn’t call him dd here is one of the daughters or erdo, as she writes, they adored him, they could not pronounce his last name and called him not turgenev, they were scared away. damn, they loved him very much. here he was his own for them, like a kind uncle, and

it seems to me that when they died, and genius footer in the same year as louis returned . a few months after that, of course, there were even very elderly people. here, but still in these relations the light was familiar, no woman would refuse the love of such a man. and, of course, she needed this love the greatest writer. e could speak beautifully and was not ashamed with him, but on the contrary, count to appear somewhere and when at your feet e hmm yes, a great russian writer. he then published. why not on this and others flocked, of course, who will let go of yourself? in the elegance of the mind, the beauty of the young turgenev had a lot of attraction, of course. she liked it. he also liked his love for her, but she did not hurt him, he did not have power over her. she did not suffer for him, did not suffer, did not shed that blood of the heart

that love requires. well, yes, when turgenev died, she did not leave her room for 3 days. when her husband died, she was the next day. uh, gathered students and taught. she also taught music. yes , classes have already begun. this is the case when he loved e, and let's say she gave herself to love, but at the same time, e and the union of the country. i think there was also a strong affection just hmm and she left a smaller source about it. yes, she destroyed by the way, their letters to others. yes, yes, here we basically have ivan sergeevich's letters to her. and that's what she is here. well , he lived, so to speak, she was actually in a shower and turgenev all her fortune and left she had the opportunity to do this, so she edited the history of the relationship. and perhaps we can say that. but perhaps she eliminated something that could compromise her in some way.

in general, i think at that time yes, but in russia europe was already naturally enlightened here this is the relationship to russia in which there were slaves. well serf slavery is the same slavery, or maybe marriages were read then, that's already such a furious alliance. no, maybe it was unusual. maybe they would turn away from her if she came out no such thing no, this could not be one thing slaves and quite another aristocrats there were a lot of such marriages and of course, uh and a lot of russian girls married europeans from good families, yes and from the aristocratic and just from the nobility and on the other hand to her foreigners have already married russian girls they came to russia and made careers there, that is, the upper layer was international and you know what's the matter. here is the position of turgenev, it was unique to see other europeans. here, even the world, because he had fans across the ocean. and not fat yet