[000:00:00;00] uh 10 times more powerful july 16, 1945 the day the world entered the age of the atom to emphasize who is the boss in a changed world the united states conducted the first nuclear test on the eve of the potsdam conference stalin's reaction to president truman's announcement of successful nuclear weapons tests was remarkably calm stalin there puffy with a pipe said that well, well , stalin's calmness was explained. he just knew about everything that was happening inside the projects and was sure that the ussr was ready to create its own nuclear weapons, and when in 4 years in 1949 the ussr conducted its own successful test.

this came as a real shock to the west , where they were sure that they had 10 or even 15 years left. they managed to hide everything, how they managed to hide it. here is clearly finn here is clearly his role. in 2017 , a bronze figure appeared at the mansion of the foreign intelligence service on ostozhenka. in military uniform, the semifina has enough honor and great responsibility to lead soviet foreign intelligence in the difficult years of the second world war and the information obtained by soviet intelligence officers, of course, in many ways helped to bring the day of the great victory closer and create a rocket nuclear shield of the motherland.

this is the smile of the winner, his pseudonym was victor, too, the winner, he was one of the first to know that the war ended at night, throwing on his overcoat, he went out into the street and was just glad that, finally, uh, the nazis were defeated and capitulation was signed. x state security ended as suddenly as it began. in march 1953, stalin died in june, beria was arrested and in july they came for phytin. that year, many were put on trial with the wording of a member of the beria gang, but he was never couldn't blame anything. everything was limited to a few interrogations, however , fitin was fired from the authorities due to official inconsistency. unfortunately, our history turned out to be modern. so when this

fitin was removed from his post, then, uh, they simply forgot, they forgot the results that the country received thanks to this person. in 1971 he was only 63 years old. in 2020, the name of pavel fitin appeared on the map of moscow as the head of foreign intelligence. in recent years , we have done a lot to keep the memory of this amazing person open at ostozhenka a monument to pavlufitin, one of the previously nameless peaks of the great caucasian ridge, bears his name, and he bears his name, and one of the streets of moscow

, the semifinal had a difficult fate, and he often said that the truth would find itself and it doesn’t seem that it is deeply symbolic that today employees russian foreign intelligence services go to work along the street

bearing the name. did you find it? this is a podcast by fire and i am its host denis gorelov today our conversation is about the military cinema of the soviet union and its drilling of the russian federation on the occasion of the day the soviet army and navy as for military cinema, it was absolutely know-how of our cinema, perhaps not always fully realized, but completely natural, since. e hmm let's be honest about the war, our uh people knew much more than all other peoples, more or less in proportion to us. e about military affairs. uh, only three nationalities, germans, japanese and yugoslavs, had representations. but the germans and the japanese, as the losing side, could not afford to speak out. at least somehow about the heroism of their armies. they had to blame the whole planet and show how uh hmm their guilt

is not redeemed and in no way. how they turned out to be the only cinematography that fully and adequately speaks about the military hardship, and for a decade, uh , military kingiographies. we've had 22-23 really great classic war films made. uh, i will name most of them during the podcast, and for many it may seem that 23 is not a very big number, but for comparison i will say that polish decent films about the war can be called about five german ones, also five, and the americans did not make a single decent film about world war ii, and more or less the first 20 minutes of saving private ryan showed what the landing in normandy was like however, spielberg was simply afraid the fact that all sorts of pregnant spectators

will start to give birth in horror right in the hall and cut off each plan by two or three seconds. uh, grabbing all the most shocking, so i ruined my own picture, even about it old years, uh, i uh put together a rather funny periodization of military cinema, which in my opinion fully corresponds to uh periods of direction and style. uh, art culture, uh, c. e, ancient centuries, and the first part is the military cinema of the times of the war and immediately after it, e, it most corresponds to e, the fundamental classicism of the 18th-18th centuries, good and evil are very clearly outlined from the first frames, majestic, courageous , heroic goodness. yes, yes, the last degree of extremes, as far as evil is concerned, what

the bearers of evil are always short-sighted and short-sighted. and sometimes the one-eyed always wears german helmets with horns. uh, they look extremely unpresentable in these pictures from the very beginning already by last name, as it should be in classicism, it was clear who the positive hero, who the negative positive division commander was called ognev, the negative division commander was called glotov as for the names of the german invaders, then the most inventions are different, and, in addition, a must in the films of feathers during classicism was that the hero never dies unless they are carriers of absolute goodness and absolute truth, then they must in any case remain alive, they can only be hurt. ah, in this way, the picture, bandaging the head with bandages, uh, or hanging the hand on the uh

screw garter. uh, the heroes always made some pathetic speech right into the frame in the finale, and uh, nikolai kryuchkov said so to the immortal garrison and mark bernes to two fighters and vladimir druzhnikov in konstantin zaslonov and ivan pereverze in the film ivan nikulin, a russian sailor , something, type. uh, who will come to us with the ball that the russian land stood and will stand by the sword, the words of alexander nevsky , folk music, and all these films, of course, looked quite tiring , there were rare cases when especially gifted screenwriters. uh, they knew how to saturate completely stilted events. uh, links to great dialogue. in particular. that's what happened with the movie. uh, according to the scenario of evgeny gabrilovich two fighters. and the phrase i am sasha suralmasha. uh, remember, on the tram , i handed out 3 kopecks for a ticket and treated me alone in the park , remained forever in the memory of the people and in

history of domestic cinema with other films was worse. uh, the people of russia developed little by little from this total cap of denunciation. tired. uh, national cinema, together with world cinema, at the end of the fifties moved to the stage, uh, some kind of graphic military romanticism . that a boy and a girl, hand in hand, run along the promenade and kiss overlooking the sunset classically romanticism. e means by a constant disappointment of the current reality from the outside. ah, sad. uh, twin, uh, who periodically flies into the distance with his imagination to some idealistic worlds. imagine a wonderful life absolutely, not in keeping with

the bad reality and ends very badly , either gets lost, or drives in or goes out from the scabies. ah, approximately in this direction, and e, the heroes of e films acted in the late fifties and almost all of the sixties . and these films were obligatory about very young people, but it was guaranteed that all his heroes would die in the finale, and even from the very beginning it was often clear that they were not residents of the very first, but a romantic film in history was the picture of angelaida, a channel in which e chain e, hmm, the heroes of the warsaw uprising was parain, warsaw and beyond overs. uh, the voice warned all these heroes to die by the end of the film, you see the last hours of their lives, and approximately in this degree the rest of our heroes existed. eh, already

our cinema. uh, necessarily carried away again in somehow dreams with flashbacks to the former peaceful life, which, of course , was idealized, but it was all very similar to uh, romantic uh, going to uh, idealistic dreams. eh, this was , of course, in the film the chronicle of a dive bomber and in chistye prudy and in the film talankino's invasion ah, and er, finally. at its best in the last picture of a romantic movie. and the dawns here are quiet, there flashbacks to a peaceful life and memories of beautiful men were colored against the backdrop of a black and white war. wow, of course, this is, uh, total sacrifice. mm, very strong was in demand at, uh, international film festivals, which at that very moment switched to pacifist cinema and, uh,

tried to read the same message of our films at exactly that moment, soviet cinema had the greatest result on international film sites in 1958. uh, the golden palm of the cannes film festival was the first and only film received by klotoz, the cranes will fly away, and a year before, uh, the special jury prize and the prize for the screenplay were won by the film hmm, the snobby ballad of soldiers after another 4 years, and the chief at the senetian festival of the golden lion had, er, andrei tarkovsky from the film in ivanov's childhood. there were films, uh, winners of slightly less significant festivals, finally . bourgeois. ah. everything, it was really in demand at the cannes

film festival, for example, our film lark participated in the sixty-fifth year about how it was in germany during the war on the anniversary of the start of the war. e, runs e from the concentration camp with training tank crew, the film of course, was the forerunner of our modern film t-34, but was much more honest in the middle of the film. the crew was well aware that they were not residents. they had only a few hours left, and they decided to arrange a real dump and in a good way to nightmare all this rear germany with the harbinger of the clang and roar of the advancing guards tank corps, and the film was a success. didn't have a prize. uh, in the same year it came out, a wonderful picture by yuri lysenko, uh, checked min no, filmed they, along with the yugoslav director

, have a surname that i will never remember, uh, this is a film about how ours, together with the yugoslav partisans, took belgrade and, uh, hugs in the midst of universal dances of fun. uh, hmm flowers. suddenly they learn that the city is mined, that groups of sappers and german saboteurs are operating in the sewers. and that the explosion is scheduled for midnight, but this total contrast between the general fun and the joy of liberation and the creepy , the dungeon is only ten steps away from the universal joy of the people. uh, the picture, i remember it very much and it was really, very expressive the film uh, of course, remained in the history of cinema, again, as always in romantic cinema of course everyone died ah

over time, the truth to both the central government and the authorities our cinematography got a bit fed up with the fact that, uh, strange, who hardly participated in the war or were on the dark side of the force. ah, so actively welcomes our films and , uh, they read completely the wrong meanings into them, which the authors often had in mind, perhaps the trigger for the transition from e-romanticism to realism was the american film the longest day in the year 63, which told about the landing of american troops in normandy and e, showing a wide three-hour panorama of the heroic actions of american marines american marines american sailors and e , the local island of french resistance, which of course was completely blown out of thin air, because no french resistance existed in nature, and if there were any actions

of the underground in france, then it was mainly the armenian yugoslav and jewish underground groups of the french, they had almost nothing to do with them. and the film was in general, quite interesting and lively. but he completely pissed off the politburo with what was not found in the three-hour film. at least a few minutes to tell about the actions at that moment in the soviet army, despite the fact that he was not shown in russia. uh, there were quite a lot of furious reviews in all sorts of collections, such as on screens world, where in one of the texts. i clearly remember that the author compared this picture with the creations of the nazi canal, leninstein, and i will say, honestly, there is no connection. with the films , the richenstal was not in the film, but the author of the film managed to scold, and in response to this film , we launched it. ah, a multi-episode

epic film called the liberation of europe, as everyone understands the word europe, in the process of filming, the film merged somewhere and left. in the end, it just got the name of liberation, and the rhyme with the longest day. e, there e was in the final, if the american picture ended with the surf on omaha beach. where the american marines and the wave of wolandal landed on the sand the perforated helmet of the murdered american hero, then in the liberation , as everyone remembers, the whole story ended with the fact that the nurse zoya descended into the underground passage and saw the helmet of her beloved deceased captain tsvetaeva in the rising waters of the flooded ber to the subway uh reef was quite distinct, but only those who saw the film could consider it the longest day at that moment of such uh in the country

there were at most a few dozen exactly from that moment into the cinema. some kind of dry military prose began to penetrate, and hmm to sell stats. the commandant's patrols are some kind of demon completely disorderly victims. without any kind of system, if in the films of classicism people were not killed at all in the films of romanticism, people were killed without exception, then here comes the reality. hmm , no shoes of people during the war are completely unpredictable. uh, and to say that they kill the best or vice versa kill the worst at all it is impossible to kill everyone who does not hit, and in the sixty-ninth year. the film at war was released, as at war in the seventieth film , officers, about which there will be a separate conversation in the seventy-second in they will be old men in the seventy-fourth. hot snow in seventy-

five. they fought for the motherland, e, they fought for the motherland, by the way, it was a rather unique picture, because no one was killed in this film. the fact is that mikhail alexander sholokhov, who wrote the script e, was not going to write a short story, but it is immediately obvious to everyone who reads it read what was done here a gigantic swing at roman stalingrad, but he simply didn’t have enough gunpowder and some already dwindling writing abilities. he limited himself to rearguard battles in the don steppes hmm before stalingrad but since he assumed that all his heroes would fight in stalingrad and some would die there. he left them all alive. all these films no longer made it to international film festivals categorically, and the world audience was completely unprepared to look at our victory, in the future there were more

some very important pictures. uh, in the eighty-third filter-bearers, and a year earlier the wonderful picture rodnik with vladimir gostyukhin, and rather little-known, but serious important ah hmm after the collapse of the soviet union we have already moved on, perhaps, to the fourth stage, which is already ongoing watch endlessly must know always like no one else. what to believe in our time? you can't do it to anyone, not even to yourself. 17 moments of spring

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adjusts to your taste and learns on the go in the burbom mini sound of your home. it is i who can podcast with you fire and i am its presenter denis gorelov, our conversation today is about military cinema and the film officers, the main picture, without which not a single holiday is complete on february 23, which is always shown on the air of central channels, first of all, the first film officers tells about three generations of the trofimov family who serve the soviet union in the most important shock troops of the ussr, uh, in different periods of the development of the red army, first the cavalry. the second generation in tanks and finally the third airborne troops were shortly pictured . a new doctrine of the uh

of the soviet army was secretly published, which said that from now on, the main striking force of the army is the airborne forces, and in the film this is how it sounded for the first time. this, uh, is a serious line. this is exactly the same as for the first time in the film the blue beret appeared, and the new clothes of our paratroopers, and, to unfortunately, he is in the final shots of the film, and on all the heads of the paratroopers is arranged according to the statutory order. e hmm the cockade is in the center and at a distance of two fingers from the eyebrows, but as a person who has worn a cap and earflaps in this way for 2 years, i will say. honestly, there is no more disgusting type of headdress than in e. position two fingers from the eyebrows, while the characters are standing there. they look like pensioners who have gathered on the boulevard to play chess, and

now they pull on themselves in the same way. uh, your berets, and the view is quite disgusting looks like a pancake. e. well, it just so happened that only in the seventies the paratroopers recaptured the right to wear berets askew. uh, at the left diagonal angle to everyone interested in, uh, the russian character and the russian national idea. it is necessary to show this picture, a film about the estate of laconic legionnaires, who, for every e, magomedkhan of the devil's crack, must answer with clear and furious chases. and the film was shot by one of the brightest, uh, box-office directors of soviet cinema, whose name is unknown to anyone, vladimir rogovoy, and so it turned out that the soviet cinema, but obeyed the two main centers of power. uh, it's on the one hand the communist party, which

promoted the statist cinema through its lured critics. e sergei gerasimov sergei bondarchuk stanislav rostotsky, on the other hand, the unconditional force was the creative intelligentsia, which very strongly, e, lobbied intimate cinema, and hmm, such an intelligent one with a mood where the intellectual huddled in a corner and played the guitar, as zvonitsky used to say averbakh's film shipik's films films or even ryazanov's sancha is a rare case when e intelligentsia cinema. it didn’t just pay off, but made a profit, but at the same time , film journalists and film critics did not pay any attention to the people’s box-office cinema and , uh, people who did not fall under either the state line or the intimate intelligentsia. uh, the nations were completely unknown. until now, no one remembers and, uh , does not know the name of the director

of the most popular soviet film of all time pirates of the xx century. boris durova i think that people who listen to the podcast will forget it the same after it ends. and in the same way, no one knew the horn, some exceptions were stanislav govorukhin and , perhaps, vladimir valentinovich menshov, they still knew how the hosts of the film show had a period of conducting this program, plus both played in the cinema and in person and more or less knew which helped the fame of both themselves and them as directors of box office cinema. a-a horny never made a movie in his life. e, which would collect at the box office less than 27 million. uh, tickets for 27 million viewers, the script of the film was written by the well-known uh author the dawns here are quiet boris vasiliev, a paratrooper who was once blown up by a mine, after which, after

being extracted, he became, in fact, an armored officer. uh, the most important writer, uh, writing for military romantic films sometimes in honor of special sentimental effects. uh, especially impressive uh, hmm excited young ladies, he sometimes allowed himself to do nonsense. uh, in particular , the final scene caused a lot of complaints about the officers in the film. meetings of two. e. main heroes to imagine that the commander of a tank division, a major general, called to the new commander of the district , a lieutenant general, might not know his last name. it's completely impossible. eh, especially since the surname varava is quite rare let's just say ivanov and uh, of course. he should have known. uh, who is his new boss, so the conversations, like, found out, the old devil was completely excluded

. vasilyev always answered that he intended in the script and in the final film, and to draw a line of arrests, which, uh, mowed down our army top in thirty-seventh year. purely in army circles about him, they say a bad year, however, but by the end of the sixties. uh, after all, the central leadership decided to move away from exposing stalinism. and hmm, first of all, e didn’t want to somehow compromise the socialist system with mass repressions, and he didn’t say anything about the cult of personality and repressions for all eighteen brezhnev years, and all the pieces of the script were written by vasily about a. uh, the arrests of the main characters have been eaten. uh, the script was london on editing to the second co-screenwriter kirill

rupoport. uh, i think that in many ways the merit of uh rappoport is that the picture looks so perfect. the fact is that even in matters of arrests. uh, vasilyev was going to release a completely impossible scene where hmm concord trofimov in a cell on the lubyanka meets the inscription on the wall i'm dying, but i don't give up, long live socialism concor varava e. same. in general, some kind of sentimental nonsense, but the film. in general , the result came out quite well. realistic and correct and what happened in this picture historical measurement of two people's artists by yumatova lanovoy and the fact is that 15 years before the film, a black cat ran between them , as a result of the vicissitudes of filming pavel korchagin on e. dovzhenko's studios

initially approved yumatov for the role of korchagin. however, after the front, after the severe wounds that he suffered there, and yumatov was still a drunken man, and er, after the first day of filming. after that, he took to drink , the director of the film, am alov and naumov, removed him from the role and replaced him with the name lanovoy in this was nothing to blame, however. it's quite clear that uh, some. uh , there was no more friendship between the artists, and only the officers fixed everything, where they became friends again and as a result, after the officers, they played in four more films and became our main action duet. approximately the same as e, the kergdoll will assemble the lancaster in american cinema, and in the key scene of a comfortable film he returns from a mysterious business trip, about which he does not tell anyone on a business trip

to spain and already in the morning tells his wife that he it's time to move to a new location. e, what causes fierce protests, however, the protests are even somewhat strange, because absolutely all officer families moved across the territory of the soviet union and foreign countries constantly on average once every 3 years. and the top military authorities. quite rightly i decided that it was necessary to prepare officers for war in any climatic conditions, and if the lieutenant began his service in the far east then as a captain, he continued it already in the arctic after the major moved to central asia and ended up as a colonel somewhere in a group of soviet troops in germany in a completely different climate, uh, and in other conditions, and in the picture , a-a hero. uh, hmm says it's time to get ready, the wife categorically objects that uh the child is already changing the sixth school. she

, too, can be understood, but at critical moments she notices completely new holes on her husband's back, which appeared after a business trip in spain, it is clear that the episode looks like a rare bust. and it is clear that at the time of the return of e, the husband and wife had mercy on the floor. nuyu coil and it is strange that she did not feel the touch new holes on the back of her husband, but still, but hmm sentimental people. our forgives uh, the creator of the picture, this is a logical assumption. let's take a look at the snippet. well, why can't you at least once in your life bang your fist on the table to demand? i'm not talking about myself. think about your son. i won't let it get ripped off in the middle of the school year. he is changing

schools for the sixth time. is it possible to scold him after that for her? i'm also a man. alexei is a man. you see, i need to finally graduate from the institute. if you can't reckon with us, please. in the end, we are already used to living alone and we are. when we go alyosha it is extremely significant that the new hole in the back of the hero trofimov is not at all sham. these are the real holes of yumatov's artists, georgy aleksandrovich, who fought from the age of 14 as a cabin boy of a torpedo boat at the age of 17, was already a helmsman and in the year forty-three or forty. the fourth received a burst from the messerschmitt, right across the back. and the fact that uh in the picture are visible, uh, serious potholes in the back - these are real holes in the skin of the artist, they are no imitation.

so, in general, you can honestly say what, what? what are fragments above your head and what is not heard from birch trees weightlessly flies the yellow sheet of soldier's life was known to all the heroes of the film and yumatov and the screenwriter, paratrooper vasiliev and the artist of the film mikhail a chip, a cavalier of two ores. glory for reconnaissance exits and uh, playing an episodic role in the military feldsher u evgeny yakovlevich vestnik u, commander of a firing artillery platoon and a huge number of other less significant people, including, by the way, vladimir horny himself, who went to the front of volunteers but the truth was lucky they sent him not to the front, but to organize the amateur performances of the rifle division, but due to the fact that the division first defended leningrad and then kept the germans on the ground to stalingrad. he

actually has medals for leningrad from stalingrad, but he was also in the picture, and one more episode. e, with which great difficulties and problems were associated, and in the thirty- fifth year, japan attacked the chinese in e. koptina. there is a moment where, uh, hmm, the command decided to help the chinese comrades, uh, comrade trofimov crosses the front line, where they meet their old friend dressed up as a chinese, and for many years, if not decades of the film, officers at least flew in showings walked with this very scene cut out. uh, the fact is that the chinese comrades, who at that time ceased to be our comrades. eh, it was just from the sixty-ninth year with the uh of the conflict in daman, and they were very harsh about all the stories about how we helped them , obviously with the juche idea, put forward by eh,

the great leader of korea and comrades arsenami, a v which were based on reliance only on their own strength and a complete rejection of assistance. whatever the neighbors, comrades and allies, these ideas were clearly to the liking of the comrade in china, and the chinese embassy presented every time not utter demarches on occasion, but demonstrations of this film in full. e from the officers was withdrawn this episode from the film volunteers biting the whole episode. ah. and where is dad, and dad. and you went to fight as samurai? it's clear where they went to fight with samurai, e from the movie russian field. uh constantly cut my hair a tiny episode of the death of the main character, non and mordyukova and a tanker on e, the damansky peninsula to boyarsk, by the chinese and finally,

the picture of the state of emergency is the most popular ukrainian film in its entire history for some time, even leading the rental rating of the soviet union and it was impossible to reach in any the film was dedicated to the capture of the tanker, tuapse chankaishimi and uh . uh, haven't been on tv for 30 years. categorically, and now we will see the episode that took off from the film officers there is a comrade commander goodbye. decided to help the chinese comrades well. this is very good. well hello. what is your name?

my aleksey aleksey topic, if you have a family , egor is finishing the fifth grade, can you imagine

this means a son. medical learned old learned officers. it was the most dynastic most hereditary profession of both the russian empire and the soviet union, it is in this context that the main words sound pictures that repeat the nation, every february 23rd. ah, kamask, practically nameless , he doesn’t have a last name, but he says hmm. and imagine we were proud of the profession and my father was proud and my grandfather was proud. and what kind of profession is protecting the homeland? there is such a profession

as a platoon commander, and this phrase appears on billboards in all the central cities of the country on the day of the army and navy, we look at a fragment. and here i am imagine all my life i was proud of my work and my father was proud of my grandfather, and others were proud of wealth or tackle. and we are professions is this a profession? defending the homeland is such a platoon profession. all this is very familiar to me. grandfather in the twenties commanded a cavalry squadron, then he was transplanted, like all his sheets on the tank after the war, he already commanded a tank division in germany. so all these moves and everything that concerns new holes in the back in our case in leg, and my family knows exactly well on this all those involved and members, families with a big holiday of the guard, junior sergeant. gorelov

finished. it was a podcast of the traffic police fire and i the presenter did not burn out with the history of the military cinema of the soviet union and its successor russia until new meetings until new airs. dear fellow passengers, we welcome you back to our flight in a podcast. everyone wants to fly, the flight is going well today in the cockpit of our liner. i am a monitoring pilot of leonid yakubovich for the sake of god, i ask you to forgive me, we allow ourselves a small violation. this unspoken rule is usually not accepted, it is not supposed that in the cockpit of the left and right pilots they were well acquainted with the

good old comrades. there is such an unspoken rule. i deliberately violate it today today in the cockpit of our liner. i am the monitoring pilot leonid yakubovich and the good old, my friend pilot alexander. we are gaining altitude. your eyes are different. i loved, i didn’t love such a father. i miss him so much when i was a kid, i think i need to ask my dad. yes, i can. but i didn’t have time to have