i have not studied for two years, they do not comprehend the astronomer, who is not at school at all. yes, now it is, but it is not separate. maybe we'll talk today. i look at yegor boris so suharizny looks at us and does not agree. this is how we catch a romantic, but , frankly, i don’t really understand what students want, because i have two children, two students. if you look more globally, then for me as a scientist and as a citizen. i take the university. it's like some kind of, in fact, a very complex bridge between the maintenance of tradition and progress, how important it is for me. you see, this is how, on the one hand, you need to preserve the tradition. on the other hand, definitely move forward. i thought about it a lot. well, since the dean needs to somehow, well, develop on the one hand, but on the other hand, it’s still the university, er, in which, although not my alma mater. yes, but nevertheless

the responsibility for these children. there i have 1,200 people at the faculty. and i have to think on them, how, on the one hand, to maintain the tradition, on the other hand, to move forward. well, the system develops when there is a certain amount of chaos, yes, an indefinite amount of chaos. well, the uncertainty is definitely and such a suspension. when you shake there, i don't know the stones, they lie down somehow, in my opinion, still shake. and so here they are taking some. if you don't shake it at all, it will be dead weight. this is some kind of shaking of the system and bringing, into the system, such reinforced strictly proportional chaos that it didn’t destroy and it’s for me. you are the function of the university in this, you see, i would i thought in this aspect a little more global than just e local, but look, i'm e hmm why did i give this example with a girl?

and why am i talking about this with students, because this is an indicator, in my opinion, one of the indicators of what our attitude towards this has turned into higher education today, yes, i agree with alexey pavlovich. if conditionally there once a person came there as an apprentice to the master, he says, i want to learn how to do it the way you do, yes. now he comes and says, where will i be? work. and how much will i earn? and in terms of time, not only that the girl katya does not understand. why does she go to the university and her parents do not understand her, and in general, society does not understand, does she need this person with this specialty in time, yes, and therefore, by the way, to say, here is the next question that i also ask my students. and today i am very glad that i can talk to you, because i suddenly realized that i have been asking students this question every year for many years. but somehow i didn’t ask my colleagues. what is higher education? today? all of us in soviet times, higher education was not total. if we take it, the thirties- forties-fifties , it was not so to find a person with a higher education. it's just that

he has a higher education voiced social social success, yes social advancement and there were high salaries and professors and uh, a man who graduated from the university. in general, he could get a job where he received more than a worker , but in the nineties. unfortunately, we have finished the process of this leveling, which began much earlier and, firstly, all ages became university students. although you need to understand that the university. uh, this is not a place where they give applied skills here for folding skills exists. uh, polytechnic institute technical college. yes, the university is an idea of ​​the purpose and meaning of human activity. and if a philosopher does not ask this question, if a physicist does not ask it, if a physician does not ask it, if you do not ask

a mathematician, then he is a bad university graduate, he not only must, but knows well. e your area of ​​expertise, but also to ask limit questions. a. eh, what place? and i have science in the system of science in the universe of human knowledge. and the truth. eh, that's what i'm ready for. e give your life or the truth is situationally accidental fragmentary truth, in general a lot yes, and so here is the university. eh, this is the pinnacle of higher education, as a place where a person is. e. what is becomes is in a sense, an idealist who is guided by, er, higher princes. there was such a russian e, philosopher, writer, doctor, diplomat konstantin leontyevich yes, who wrote in one letter science must develop in a spirit of deep

contempt for its practical poland uh-huh today. uh, no one would agree with that, but generally speaking, let's ask the barbora. now, well, if pavlovich correctly noted about the university , i fully support this story that the university is about a way of life. this is an ontology, in fact, and respected people who think of a university. they divide them into classical e. such research or research universities, where people are mainly engaged in researchers universities in general are universities for all. that is, after that, as a part, there are so-called vocational schools in the form of some kind of institutes. and now, if the first cohort of the researched university is such a vysoksonian, in general, protestant model, then research schools are more of a russian-german such history, and finally , maybe the third part, which is also distinguished by colleagues - these are the so-called clan places. if you don’t study in ita,

i can confuse everything with saton there. well, let's say all er, british prime ministers graduate from a particular school. or is there, if you study in cambridge, then you need to or in a certain french school, then you will be the president of france or already yes? so this is absolutely clan things. they are not related to education. moreover, this plan seems to reproduce itself. he was created in order to reproduce himself, and he , well, roughly speaking, if you want, i already fucked up a little, then if you want to work in the form, then it is most logical, but not similar in polish. i can say that definitely in the soviet union it looks like the second part has been brought to perfection. vocational schools, but this did not save the system, that is, the tradition could not itself, despite the fact that it was a challenge to the whole world. this is a new way of looking at the world. this new ontology was built perpendicular to everything that was before, nevertheless , professionals of a high hand lacked

something about what the previous speaker was actually talking about in order to save this system from collapse. that is, they were superprofessionals, for example, in physics or a superprofessional in mathematics. or even in diplomat or in economics, probably yes. well, they missed something important, which destroyed the whole system, what? well, the absence of that raisin that should be at the university is the vision of the world, the feeling of the world, and this feeling must be interrupted. well, some system. again we are talking about the ratio of progress and tradition, which should exist. i thought, you know what. eh what? here is my philosophical faculty, yes, it has a great history, but we are now talking about the period after the military since. okay then was, then was not, and in general exists due to the fact that it opened one more time

than it closed. maybe one of the most er, fruitful periods of living periods. it was the 1950s and 1960s, when a whole dream arose, and myeon and e, ienkov and vardashvili were great names, but it was a time of very tough ideological oppression. it was a time of cultivation of some kind of dogmatic marxism, that is, development. well, precisely due to resistance and due to the creation of a community. that is when yes there was some kind of official ideology, there was such an iron curtain, yes, but there was also a desire for grass to sprout through the asphalt. uh-huh. and so it germinated very well, because there was tension in this life. that's when we give everything, when we say, here it is, please improve. move forward. no, life needs a fight pregnancy test, the new series is bad when there is no

personal life. then it is especially tempting to get into someone else's room tomorrow after the time program. these health problems can be bad blood vessels, medicines. helps to improve microcirculation , reduce the risk of blood clots, relieve inflammation and strengthen the walls of blood vessels in the norm. tinkoff insurance we make it easier in life to issue policies without a queue, we also accept an application for an accident online, and osago payments apply for osago insurance in tinkoff and receive payments in case of an accident in just a day tinkoff he is such one this video lasts 20

seconds. it would seem so small, but not for viruses. they begin to multiply while working against us, but there is arbidol, it prevents the virus from merging with the cell and the mechanism of virus reproduction is disrupted and other acute respiratory viral infections at a price with age created to nourish the restoration and youthfulness of the eyes , it is recommended to apply daily for three months, three courses a year, triple action for a clear look only in a mobile application.

how beautifully you came up with everything yourself, how timely. i signed up for tinkoff platinum, change your plans for the better. have time to get a tinkoff platinum credit card before march 31 and get free service forever tinkoff he is the only one to fall in love with the new one incredibly. cheddar cheese started king only in burger king and cashback in the application we have different noses, and we are different. for various requests at an affordable price, it contributes to

the gentle restoration of the mucosa. and the whole world alexey lvovich dear. thank you very much for your music. i

noticed once upon a time, any person, any author, of course, has a dream to leave non-russians with so many songs and wonderful music. premiere creative evening alexei i remind you that this is a podcast gathered with thoughts. today we are talking about why a university is needed, and with alexei pavlovich kozyrev and egor borisovich prokorchuk. i am vladimir liege. yes, now there is something to fight with, well, with some kind of massive stupidity, stupidity , abrasion of the border between knowledge or professional knowledge, expert and amateurish. yes, we go to the doctors. and when they tell us how they will treat us, i say, i don’t like it, i read it on the internet. let's just say that these are also very revealing things that were once impossible. and so, therefore, three things seem to me

fundamentally. the first is still the highest education. yes, this knowledge is quite, certain professional experts like it, the second is such a wonderful phrase that is attributed to various american professionals at the first lecture by some american professor. he tells his student everything that you will almost forget here, but on the other hand, you can always determine whether they hang noodles on your ears or not, and i'll tell the students separately once. this is the indirect signs of pseudoscience, which you can see if you can not understand anything in the specialty on which you took the book, but now, if you see this, you should ring a bell. yes, if you are a person with education, you have heard the third point. that 's what alexey pavlovich said, yes, and he says, as i understand it, he supports. it seems to me that if you are a techie, then you should not only know that there is such a dante or was such, but you should have experience reading about the divine comedy. and if you are a humanist and i’m afraid of this word, then you still have to understand what einstein did this, how does the theory of relativity differ from

special. well, at least at the level of being able to somehow explain this to someone, and this is something that is almost non-existent in the whole world today, it seems to me, but our philosophical education has been preserved and physics and mathematics and biology and logic, which, nevertheless, close to mathematics. so our students just get e when communicating. well, we are not now . yes, that's communication here to this world culture in the broadest sense of the word at some fundamentally different above the school level. yes, i, again, say to students often. if you in the book you see something like a phrase or thought that it is generally accepted that in fact everything is much more complicated, most likely, it was written by accounting not so it. well, the very fact of the scientific method of cognition is close to me, and, uh, it’s obvious that there is a big idea for 6 years, which are now specialists. uh, some areas

of science can change so much that when they entered there was one type of knowledge or one-knowledge, and the output will be different and in an obvious way that since i finished, uh, properties there for 30 years, and of course, everything has changed, but the first. well, you must be taught to learn. this is first of all, moreover, if i really, really go to the library to look, nothing has changed due to the appearance of the internet, but the principle of extracting knowledge and exfoliating, uh, the husk. raise me for a tautology. yes, attention, where is the present where is not the present and this is very important. yes, and this comes with experience, just in the process of learning the second point that i would like to note is nevertheless, well, it's not enough for me just professionalism and on the idea of ​​a university function. this is in contrast to the professional engineering schools or clan-based places cultivated by these prime ministers.

uh, to give some understanding of life, naturally , within that, well, the framework in which uh exists, this institution, yes, so i think it's a very important point to note that professionalism. this is a necessary condition, but certainly not enough, when people manage our electric power industry without knowing the sign - ohm's law is just a disaster, but if they are superprofessional, but they don’t bear a certain charge of this is also not enough for the reproduction of the system. if we think about some kind of stable development. eh, it's on e. well, this is what it's about here, because i, uh, let's say, when my students ask some economists there, dostoevsky dostoevsky is there all the time why do we need to read brothers. that's why i suddenly caught myself at some point, i answer once again that i'm trying to tell them how fyodor mikhailovich and

the karas brothers will be useful to economists in their economic activities, because it's not need, right? now i'm saying that they're talking about emotional creative intelligence, about the fact that it's competitive, but it's true, right? here, for example, is yulia borisovich khariton , the creator of the soviet atomic project. i was shocked when we arrived in sarov for the first time and its house-museum, and in the bedroom on the bedside table. i don't remember the volume of poetry. now kogo nu poems and in his diary i read when the young khariton is a physicist a physicist. yes, he got to read mayakovsky's poems. in his youth, he wrote in the diary the whole sea new poetry opened before me. it was one of the biggest shocks in my life. now we are talking about this to read dostoevsky to nato, because one of the questions of the karamazov brothers, who killed the father , we are constantly doing this, but not in the literal sense, but metaphysically. eh, we have every generation. e, denies the previous son

is not responsible for his father. why do professional smart people destroy? eh, what was created before them. yes, because it occurs. this field of hatred for their fathers is not rooted in that we must respect what the previous generation did, that we are dwarfs on the shoulders of the giants and unfortunately, this is how our life was arranged, what have we had since a certain time? well, almost every generation began to deny it. eh, the achievement of e his fathers in science has turned into rudeness, when e a young scientist believes that it is not necessary to refer to his teachers, well, you need to quote western sources. if you want to get into scopus there popsance, we used to have this fetish and uh, if we look on the way our science works, this respect for those who are nearby, who

worked at your university in your department , respect for the archive, for the legacy , for the memorial library. so, nightmare, here i am now brought to the faculty one after another. uh, the libraries of the dead scientists. well , the family doesn't need them. this is something that needs to be done about it. it is necessary to somehow come up with a way to integrate this there in the collection. here, uh, just returning to uh, to configurability to tradition yes, we can, i think acquire this decency, because it seems to me that what yegor borisovich was talking about to people. just decency was not enough in my eyes. e, the late academician skryabin konstantinovich, who we are a teacher, he brought to the library of akademikabaev, his teacher, and he said, well, as if it is not conceivable for me, that no one needs these books. they wanted to waste something there somewhere, and he

took them out. and they are now our institute, which is named after. this library has been preserved and for me it was an example of what says alexey pavlovich unconditionally. our country is rather archaic, but for example, i like it as i say it now in a good way. well, in short, i mean, it's comfortable for me. i don't like competition. i don't like running all the time. i don't like pushing myself. i understand that well life is finite. i understand that at 20 it is the best magazine for the audience, but the citation period is 2-3 years, then it goes down, as it were, but i will not hang with me. and if there is no happiness, then, as it were, it means that there are a lot of such people yes , by and large, people want, well , of course, a normal life, creativity is moving forward, but this is it, constant participation in progress, it is not every person intense enough. can feel.

most of the people there now do not feel happy there, which means they want to live their own, well, enough of a traditional life. but if they live a traditional life, then well, they can become there, uh, less competitive society, you know the competition, then by and large. you should highlight some. a layer of a small number of people who will participate in this race and these people will generate, progress, because first of all there are any means of protection from the military to intellectual cultural, including then the question arises. at some point, this layer begins to work against those people who have been singled out and supported, because these people. well, in general, they are few of them are supported by those people who can, and the second one needs to be somehow caught and not trusted. this is most of the people. yes deep people. she delegates certain powers to these people. moreover, it contains them, you understand, it cleans.

pardon me their toilets. she feeds easily. she is theirs, well, as if all this is part of the great work of bread there. forgive me, shooters oil workers, doctors, they have a safe delegation of authority, and you guys are for it. write songs. uh, making movies, writing books. uh, she thinks. yes, this whole word is safe , protecting our certain way of life. and by and large the first, as you said, read their poems and understand their role, and, as it were, inspire with this role. here is this protection elite, and the latter cannot live without them either. that is, if they are not theirs, it would be clear that this interaction, in theory, is ideal between tradition and it is very important that the children of these left-beards have the opportunity to come. uh, the university to enroll in

rural education is unconditional. it is, but look. i want to return to the topic of professionalism. and i have such a hypothesis. and what for not even for the university but in general for institutes for higher-higher educational institutions today is one of the biggest dangers. this is a professional program of large corporations. here is some big corporation. she takes a person to teach for three months, gives him a certificate for a maximum of six and, by and large, not infrequently, takes him to work. hence the question, why should he even study at the institute for 4 years and return to the girl katya with whom we started yes, and to the consciousness and perception of higher education today. why should i spend 4 years hanging out somewhere, even if i received a salary in six months and everything is fine. this is a challenge and universities are trying to fit into this race. they are trying their professional programs will come. it seems to me that this is a dead end false path. it is necessary to say that yes, let there be these

programs, but they are more. this is what you can learn in six months. we started with the fact that, after all, universities are, first of all, production. ah, scientists. yes , if a person wants to go to a business corporation and acquire the necessary skills. well look. let the business corporation create its own school. uh, even their university where they cook cadres for themselves, not everyone should go my hypothesis that this is a threat univer there is a certain no, well, firstly, after all, the university makes not only scientists. uh, the university is doing, well reproducing the tradition. once again, they must reproduce this system of people with higher education of some kind no, well, here, well, how can i tell you? well, what a certain tradition in our country for 1,000 years we have been living in a certain paradigm. yes, in general , a christian couple with a certain sense of territory there with a certain vision of the world with their own vision of the world other countries living differently and uh, well, sort of

reproducing it from in one way or another with the addition of a picture of the progress she's made with- naturally. today we are not exactly the same as something about alexandria nevsky or there under ivan thunderstorms, but it seems that the wild vector exists in general, the observance of this vector is important for you in higher education. make teachers you make in higher education those people who go to both junior school and high school and above all people who will be diplomats who will lead. who will accept responsible decisions will write the words absolutely true, that is, by and large. you are reproducing this tradition of some kind, that means, uh, regarding a corporation. you are a romantic vladimir ramadovich, not a single corporation will invest a dime in anything now there are such programs, but they do exist. i just don't want to name corporations. uh, so we're doing one program for a large dial-up reputation management corporation. yes, this is additional education now about our

additional. let me finish two words. so, in my experience. uh, corporations don't want to do high school programs because for them it's a cost as well. yes, no higher, they will do their own. here's another, and the second, but within the framework of the higher school they cannot control what, well, you are serfs within the framework. you cannot take. they themselves, they understand their courses, here is the corporation of courses. they understand , by virtue of the fact that they work there, that it will not give them enough. it's real today, right? well, they are professionals. i don't know at the factory, ford needs to be serviced that one. and if you want to make a genna engineering product or make a vaccine against coronavirus, 6 months is not enough for you . 6 months, yes , of course. and if you want to know, uh, some secrets, uh, there is no threat

literature, there is no threat from this side, uh, i would say that i don’t see a threat from the corporation, in the sense of reproduction hmm they are so greedy that they don’t will be able to expand it well. see another one subject. by this i tried to think that the crisis came out of education. in general, it is global , it is certainly connected in one way or another with the context, including social networks, there are all these cognitive distortions that arise when using, and so on. but here is one more such private enough thought in 1993-94. i studied at one of the american universities on the exchange system, which was fashionable there and so on. i then thought for the first time that we had 14,257 students at the university for such a number of people. why did you remember it? because in t-shirt sold 14.257 students 14.27 bicycles. well california are great in winter in shorts and so on.

and then i don’t need higher education among so many people, because its meaning is lost, because my american classmates were surprised when they found out that russia is the largest country in the world in terms of area poorly, they were guided by the geography of history, everything is there, otherwise, and so on . and when one er, i remember the student hmm came to class. uh, not quite sober, but the teacher could not stand the professor removed him, but she screamed after him, but this is only for today. i am waiting for you. next time. she was wildly afraid, because students evaluate teachers and this plays a big role, as you know, whether they will remain working or not. here is my very simple question. and we are well aware that in the treatment of quantity always beats quality. or maybe we should stop increasing the amount. why do we need so many universities of people with higher education. this is a general global trend towards a mass university, that is, a mass university - this is a continuation of secondary education, a bachelor is, in fact, a high school graduate, yes, and about the idea

of ​​reducing education with a lack of specialization. indeed, in theory, in our bachelor's standards, specialization is minimal, but at the same time, the resource of mass universities back these exist cambridge there is an icon of the normal in france yes, where , uh, traditions or container education are preserved, there are closed universities with their own stan karts with their own criteria with their own very high insertion fees education that is the massization of education. this is so for people who have to be able to push a button, here, and the elite retains the right to a quality education. it seems to me that to follow this double path, along which people walk from two heads. we don't deserve higher education. still, there should be

a standard of higher education. here. uh, for now everything that is being done in terms of creating state standards does not contribute, but rather hinders the creation of the university of the future, because we want to universalize the standards to impose them on all universities. well, you can’t teach philosophy in moscow, and also how i don’t know, there e. e herself in petersburg, you people grow up obviously, but different. somewhere, are these different schools, it is necessary to give the opportunity to universities, uh, to create their own standards. but when we are given to hand over our standards, here is the moscow university, for example, st. petersburg. i wanted to say this, they are the same state standards. uh, well, turn it on there, more, that there are all the possibilities or there to make your own standard. here you sit for a second. we are sitting together, representatives of two universities that can do. actually, i, too

, have moved to ernma pirogovo to realize the possibility of creating our own educational standards. do you have an additional exam, or only for the unified state examination, well, you know medicine is such an area where so many unified state examinations are better. oh, how is it just to finish two words, that it’s a sin for us to complain, we have our own opportunities to create standards, as we want and in general, everything is in your hands, i can say that in the early we have implemented what we want, but we have the opportunity with you, but on the other hand, standards are necessary, because at some point we even reach this level of those universities that could not do this and the success of the soviet educational system in your time when you were taking people who couldn't read, but you had an amazing collection field and it gave you a splash. there in the sixties. these are the people that we educated, after the revolution, they launched gagarin, they uh, they came up with buran, they uh,

they invented medicines and so on, yes, these are the people who are the masses of the first magnitudes, uh, who created soviet science, studied in the pre-revolutionary gymnasium. this is also a fact. just, of course, watch friends. it’s clear that we have warmed up so much today and the topic is complex hmm and interesting, god willing. let's get back to them. where would i like to end today? tell me, hmm, such a thing to you as university teachers, what is most lacking for first-year students who come to you independence of self-reliance thinking. they are very dependent on their parents on the opinions of their comrades. they are often afraid to say their word after all. e in the soviet system. i think people have grown up. there were still many rafakovites and army men there.

so. i am the atmosphere of the first year was very different, of course i say, well, i lack the same thing that freshmen lack what graduates lack curiosity curiosity is in a smaller moment that drives those people who go to universities in general, after all, the world is only arranged, and not in not even in physical plan. maybe spiritually in i don't know culturally politically all over how it works. i mean, they already know everything, or i'm not interested . yes? this is one and two. well, as it were, i would like to sacrifice myself. i would like them to be ready to go to great deprivation for the sake of e not momentary benefits. well, that is, there are such psychological tests there, if you don’t eat a candy now, then i’ll tell you through there the next day there are three sweets and in life somehow such a test is carried out with children

it turned out that those children who did not eat sweets were successful in life. hmm unfortunately, sometimes a momentary desire. uh, some easier life, higher pay. it happens, and spoils the plan of life. these people could be wonderful, there are some professionals, plus this is the spice, if they had been patient and would not have left immediately. uh, there are unconditional life circumstances. uh, someone doesn’t have enough parental stratum or someone must definitely, uh, champagne in the morning, and this is not enough for uh, such a salary simple means, but here is the possibility of deferred profit and planning life for a longer, long term and a certain look. well, one step forward on the one hand, and on the other hand. understanding, understanding that life is finite, this connection is not enough. yes, i would like such children, because i build educational programs on them, but

it’s hard, but they can be the first professionals on the one hand and responsible citizens of their country. that's what i want to get out of them , no, it's a little bit missing. right now it asks for a new topic, but we will assume that i we didn’t finish and we still need to get together and think, and today we gathered with thoughts on the topic what is a university? why is it needed and i am very glad to thank alexey pavlovich kozyrev kharka, if the host vladimir is legoyd, well, see you again. this is a podcast by fire and i am its host denis gorelov today our conversation is about the military cinema of the soviet union and its successor to the russian federation

as for military cinema, it was absolutely the know-how of our cinema, maybe not always fully realized, but completely natural because. e hmm let's just say about the war of our e, people knew much more than all other peoples, more or less commensurate with us. e about military affairs. uh , only three nationalities, germans, japanese and yugoslavs, had representations. but the germans and the japanese, as the losing side, could not afford to speak out. at least somehow about the heroism of their army. they must have been venice in front of the whole planet and show how much ah. we do not atone for their guilt and in no way in this way ours turned out to be the only cinematography. which fully and adequately speaks about the military hardship, and for a decade, uh hmm

military cinematography. we've had 22-23 really great classic war films made. eh, i will name most of them during the podcast, and it may seem to many that 23 is not too big a number, but for comparison i will say that there are about five decent polish films about the war , five german ones are also five, and the americans are not they shot not a single decent film about the second world war, and more or less the first 20 minutes saving private ryan showed what the normandy landing was like. however, spielberg was simply afraid that all sorts of pregnant spectators would start from the same plant right in the hall and cut each shot by two or three seconds. uh, having snatched off all the most shocking, so

i ruined my own picture, even about it. . uh, culture art, uh. e, old centuries, and the first part is a military cinema of the times of the war and immediately after it e, it most corresponds to e, the fundamental classicism of the 17-18 centuries , good and evil are very clearly outlined from the first frames, good, majestic, courageous , heroic e, and the last degree of extremeness, which as far as evil is concerned, the bearers of evil are always undersized, shaggy, short-sighted, and sometimes one-eyed, and always wear german helmets. gamma uh looks extremely unpresentable in these pictures from the very beginning, already by last name, like

it was supposed in classicism that it was clear who was the positive hero, who was the negative of the positive division commander was called ognev, the negative division commander was called glotov . as for the names of the german invaders , very different ones were invented on this account, and inventions. in addition, feathers were obligatory in films before classicism that heroes never die, if they are carriers of absolute goodness and absolute truth, then in any case they must remain alive, they can only be hurt. ah-ah so the picture, bandaging my head with bandages, uh or hanging his hand on the uh screw garter, and the characters always delivered some kind of pathetic speech right into the frame in the finale. and nikolai kryuchkov said so immortally. tnom garrison and mark bernes two fighters and vladimir druzhnikov in konstantin zaslonov and he turned over in the film ivan nikulin russian sailor something like