three types, with couples dancing and singles. poland is my all poles, there are dances. this is all mine. i coached the canadian team. by the way , those who are now in the montreal school, they skated with me. i showed them haromancy there, because it was introduced at that time. i mean, i mean, i coached a lot , there were exchanges, but i was always exchanged on skiing coaches, there was also some kind of coach at the exchange. it was terrible, because suddenly they call me in the summer, and we have only one month. uh, it's june, of course, relax or do something. you tomorrow you're flying to canada. i don't want to go anywhere. you are flying out, so there were such exchange offices that were very good. by the way, i still have all these connections and relationships from those times. and now it's all stopped. they call me, and all

relations remain the same, but this exchange of knowledge is some kind of training process. a great person in figure skating or on anatolyevna tchaikovskaya, sometimes you train a person, somewhere already in the national team, high up at night, you think, my god. well, what is it? what is it? why doesn't it go and that's it. you know comes insight can no longer. everything has already been worked out. everything and this is for the coach. here is for me. this is the most difficult bitter discovery that i made, because you are still looking, you try everything, and then you were

late. why don't they go yet and at night you lie thinking? you don't live in your life. here you pull it, and that's it. but nevertheless, come, everyone said that we are talking about this topic, but i'm still my sore subject that very few of you people came. my task is to attract you. i understand that ballet on ice is all different, so to speak, financial matters, but it would be great if you caught fire. with this development here, with what you saw, what you picked up. that's like a newborn baby. you raised him, maybe you will tell me who you would like to see as a coach from

the athletes who please, i wanted to see you like a school right by a school. i don't understand why it doesn't work. your partner's wife. well baby that's fine, but she's in basically hurt me. yes, i wanted to see zagitova, she is nice to me. i would like to see from what is now with the greenhouse, why don't they go there after how many years, you understand? i think that's for sure, of course, it's good.

yes, because there were ice shows earnings others don't tell me that, please. i don't want to continue my continue. yes, this is a very big deal for athletes who, but still, it will someday end. you can’t break your knees and hips all the time, i don’t know, until now, since 2006, i’ve been riding. but you understand that the coach must also go through the steps. he can't right away and i don't happen. this is also very heavy. you have to find yourself, how will you teach? well, here you are, happiness, let's take a couple, then we'll see how the head coach demands, please, because i'm very interested , i'm very interested in you. you are young,

you are full of energy. what does a head coach do? great. now i know, i ran to execute. thank you very much, honestly, a great honor. i was very worried, to be honest, before this interview, because i didn’t knew how to go talk to you, but it turned out very cool. thank you very sincerely and i stressed a lot of you worth a lot. thank you don't be afraid, i found the job, but i found it right, i will definitely support it. thank you. you are very happy thank you success. hello elechkars. this is a podcast

of space history bones. i have a good friend of mine mentor teacher doctor of technical sciences professor indeed a member of the russian academy of cosmonautics. please tell us what is space politics and what do you do? well the question is, what is space ballistics, everything that surrounds us, even now we look. now all kinds of bandit films cause ballistics to calculate how a bullet flew ballistics, it happens, internal ballistics, external ballistics. these are the courses, internal ballistics is that the projectile is a bullet or something else, that it flies in the barrel , relatively speaking, external ballistics. that's when it flew out, this is where the external illness begins, but at what speed did this bullet fly out if it flew out at a speed of, well, 1,000 m / s, but it means

a kilometer will fly, a maximum and and will fall. let's increase this speed, start to increase 2.000 thousand. let's fly. further and further five thousand, in the end. we are gaining the first space 8 km, and from now on. we are relatively speaking, hmm, becoming an artificial satellite. we fly around the first cosmic first cosmic speed of 8 km / s. and then the era of space ballistics begins. here we space diseases begin to wipe our hands, we begin to solve all sorts of problems from the point of view. wherever we fly, we fly into space. well yours now what is the job? well, i'm the head of the ballistics department of the rkk energy, that is, i, in principle, i'm not the department that i head deals with all the tasks, uh, related to objects that belong conditionally speaking, what kind of energy, and what objects are we working on now, with what kind of station is this ships

that provide transportation services. it delivers crew unions delivers cargo fuel water. air is trucks. this is one of the tasks. well, the station has been flying for more than 20 years. orbit we know it. yes, all changes computers calculate all the programs , we know if the on-board computers are ground-based. clearly, we are working on it now. sometimes there are no comrades there at the training ground. damn, they say, well, what's the ballistics, what's there. press the button there, you'll get everything, the result. i speak unusually. well, come to my office. i'll give you a computer, i'll give you a keyboard. click on the button. that is, you need to know what to press, how to press? what to do and in fact, the grandfather of such computers that can solve a strategic problem. how do we get somewhere? why fly? here you are now very good words, said the station is flying. and that the station flies out of the station continue

to fall. what are we doing? we are adjusting the height. well, the simplest task for a student there. well, i don’t know when physics started there in the eighth grade or the ninth grade, he will say. well, that's how much you have to give. well, a very good boy. well done, consider everything, but i think that hmm, i need to calculate in such a way that conditionally on february 11 , the truck will be docked, and on february 20 or in march, launch cosmonauts from commander anton, who, so to speak, should dock, and it's best to dock as quickly as possible. that is, i have to arrange these maneuvers in such a way that i have a very slender picture of where i am flying. why am i treating? and it's not like i'm the only good one. we are the only good ones flying. no, this station is a natural station. if you look at this program, there is so much false. well, you know, yes

, the direction of the speed is calculated, and yes, and the main thing is to make sure that we turn out the minimum time level, yes, besides, there are all sorts. and a bad phenomenon called space debris, for example, you have to dodge it . astronaut ejection, we mean, the bunker is different. yes, there are specially solved puzzles including such garbage, and we have a tactical task. we know that we will launch an anthon capper in february on the 20th in a quick way, what should we do ? still fulfilled their evaded garbage, and prepared, this is what concerns stations, for example, well, there are objects that we launch into very distant orbits, for example, to a stationary station. we have an upper block there. we calculate all the maneuvers

of this upper block, which , generally speaking, launches a very expensive satellite of some kind, which costs 100-200 million, the fourth stage - this means the upper block, here is the calculation and such a lot of tasks. here, well, on the next flight. naturally. we can't go to mars we practically don't fly and don't look, but we definitely look at the moon. it is very interesting. it's like this subject. i can talk for a very long time. this is my favorite topic, when i came to work, all ballistics were divided into two, like, they are only ballistics, in general, the specialists were martians and lunatics, that is, martians, they considered us to quit everything and prepare everything only for flights. and you know not, it's first to learn on the moon, and then fly to the bridge. well, i somehow switched all tula to these, and therefore we look at all these tasks, imagine how then someday we hope better sooner than later our

astronauts will go out and walk on the moon, but going into history. that was a very ambitious project task when the mir station was brought out of orbit. well, that is, direct participation was already working, then it was even difficult to count. this is a gigantic mahina of such dimensions, a moment, it was a gigantic car there. you know what, this car was about 130 t. and one seven-ton truck was supposed to drown it. well, when a semeton truck feeds it with its own, it's a fighter. i say this, he has good traction, good speed set, but if you increase the total mass by 20 times, then it will be turtle. this turtle turns on its engine. he has momentum. takes up a quarter. vitka is not very optimal, but here a lot of all sorts of problems

arise. after all, the easiest thing to take is, as now trucks have good traction , armament, as we say, that is, traction to the mass. how many horses do you know , translated into a car, this is a good car, it quickly gives one impulse from the height of the station, we don’t think. we know that after half a turn, he will rest at the bottom. mm pacific ocean. all there are no questions, but the station, how station too? yes, preferably in the same pacific ocean, but from such a height is not enough. you don't have any fuel, it should be energetically favorable, so we had to wait for the moment when the station descends due to atmospheric resistance uh-huh and then abruptly come up with something so that hmm with a minimum impulse. still bring it together, that is, if we now give out an impulse conditionally 100 meters with this orbit, then there we could give a maximum of 20 m, to give 20 m

boxes to the center, multiply by 20, and it turns out. wow, that was very hard. to do, so we had to do first orbit well, how to prepare to make high, that is, the apogee, well, there is about 200 km, and here the darkened 170 140 fell and so they created an orbit 200 by 140 and now from 200 to 140 it had to be lower the altitude ahead to 70 km. after that, the atmosphere was supposed to capture exactly there, such a problem was solved, and they also coped and when the salute flew, yes, that’s all, it was a salute, in general a tricky story, salute was sixth there. so it was good there was tks and he completely turned everything off such a story with this is the transport space system. somehow he had fuel, but they decided there. let's not go down and up. and why up you understand by

this time? we will have buran a. he will then fall, well, he will not fall, buran will lower him. he flies, takes him, brings him and puts him conditionally at vdnkh. here is such a task. well , as a result, they gave an impulse to rise to a height of 500 kilometers buran appeared buran flew it was the eighty-eighth year, and there it was close, close ninety-one the second and the station quietly. it fell , fell, fell, and as a result, there was no more buran , and the distance fell by itself. glory. not controlled by anyone, not controlled by anyone, the americans with their skill will now say that you are not good, no, the americans also dropped their rocks . the only thing they seemed to say was that we were ready to play a little. uh, hmm with solar panels, to somehow change those close to the center, how to move, well

, anyway, she fell somewhere in the australian region , no one was hurt. i am anton shkaplerov i continue the conversation with the ballistician rafail murtazin. i know that you are part of an international commission that constantly thinks about how it calculates, yes, how to reduce the iss in case. well, we understand that she is already over 20 years old, launched 15 by many experts. they say that her days are numbered others, on the contrary, she says, we will patch her up, she will continue to fly. this is the twenty-fourth year, officially now the year 28 has been announced, negotiations are underway to continue. well sooner or later that it will end, but the history of the people's space station world 130 tons mass of the iss now. 400-420 t, that is, we are three times three three and a half times harder to lower the object than by trucks.

we considered several options, one of the options for working three trucks , two are, as it were, along well, where is there, yes y up and down one search is the main one, it is economical, it can give 300 kg and the mooring engines are small in the amount of 400 kg and still they will still be helped . here are the side ones. yes, not so uh effective, but still something. up to the point that after the truck has worked, we will also turn on engines, see, which are there at 20 degrees , such energy is a difficult task. and we ended up with hmm reserve. if something doesn’t work out for us, we have two or three turns there, and then if we don’t come up with anything during this time. we are falling, this was a difficult task, but we developed such a scheme , it is, but it wanted its hour. well

, with all these all sorts of collisions that have occurred recently. here the americans, in the end, apparently, understand that in this case they are very dependent on us, they, well, they look at the program, maybe create some kind of accelerating unit or some kind of mixing unit. there is no delta block, as they call it, which will give out an impulse somehow on its own property, we will see, as they say, but for now there is this is our scheme. and then what will happen there -1. now, if you understand, we have a functional cargo block stored there. here is the fuel tank. well, only we can take it through our systems. now it’s clear, and this block will come, it must with its own fuel , fuel needs about six to eight. well the task

very large and there is another task so tricky, well, you will understand. well, here there are a lot of stations in it, there are all sorts of remote battery cells there, and therefore ours calculated the maximum thrust. mm solid. this was confirmed by the americans. we can give more than 600 kg, and then after some time 600. otherwise, they are a large ton, usually powerful trucks are powerful ships. they have powerful engines and powerful thrust. here there should not be a thrust best of all, if you will be stepwise, that is, the task is not trivial enough, otherwise it will all add up all this will break and hmm the station will not be able to maintain orientation. you can give out an impulse as much as you like, but he will, like a joke, give them out in different directions and nothing is a task, a difficult task is difficult, but still it will have to be solved. you launched the iss station. i remember in 2000 i

was at this launch, in general i was. there was even such a stir at baikonur. well, can you imagine, baikonur there is such a move, and we are on the move. well, let's go to the city conditionally and i drive up and there, it means there is a flagbaum and goes to a gas station on the highway. our star. our main. yes, we stopped, waited, jumped out in time, who managed to take a picture, then there was a weak technique, but i say, i then said, here is the ballistics docking on time, damn it, that is, it was necessary to be in the right place. it's all gone, it's all gone. everything passed and launched. well, it was a big object. there were no more large ones until they launched. that is, can you imagine, we are talking, then mlm is twenty-eight, the twenty-first year, and here is 21 years old, manned by an object. we didn't launch. what can you say about this is our station of the future

the russian orbital station is a lot of talk right now. and it's not behind the scenes. this is at a high level. what will be the inclination of the orbit, that is , there are those who are committed to the same orbit as the iss has intermediate let's say. so 70 -something degrees is. eh, the orbit is exactly pole, that is, approximately 92°, plus or minus there, that's what you say, how exactly, a ballistics specialist is not a person who counts money, who is worried about the health of astronauts. i don’t know readings, how ballistic, how ballistic is better for us orbit let's look at the map, and the map shows that 51.6 inclination provides 10-15% of the observation area of ​​the country's territory all by russia yes, if we look at the map of the usa they have hmm the northern border is at 50°, well, i don't count alaska well, yes, then there they fully observe everything that interests them a. we don't observe it. we observe a piece, and

then once a month we do not see it, because it is all in the shade. this is the first second task. well, i would call it a little geopolitical or what? look, it means we are using the baikonur cosmodrome with might and main, here is 51.6. he imprisoned. he is very comfortable. there is such a name for understanding how areas of fall, because the rocket must take off, gaining these our 8 km / s. she hikes is lost. the first step loses the second step. for this, one should single out to be the regional one where to fall should not be the same as the station of the world. you have to put it in the right place. where are they just? well, yes, yes, we should put them somewhere and be satisfied that everything is fine there? but we have our own cosmodrome, you and i were at the cosmosfest, wonderful wonderful in general, yes, if i thought that through, well, like through zero,

let's look at the east and, probably, the trend should be good, it 's worth gradually moving up there. yes 51.6, where will these parts fly? god bless him, where will they fly? let them fly into the sea. well, this is very good. but how are we going to save? cosmonauts, if anything, such a task , maybe they get into a storm in the pacific ocean - it is quiet only in words oleg kotov, for example, he once acted as an astronaut. he said that with a storm of three points. in 2 hours astronauts will die. i'm telling you how this ignorance will perish. here, think about how you want to look for them like that. yes, yes, it's strange in the ocean they will die through the poles. we don't have the same problems. now let's evacuate the pole. here's

a good question. now let's look, and when we chose growth, the first task is to provide as much as possible. hmm well, observation of the country. yes, this is understandable. we were told very well. now you watch more and everything in the face watch everything is fine. and what could it be? is it about 80° inclination? let's go. let's see, imagine watching the route passes through the kolyma kolyma, this is the ridge, if you look at it. well, people tell me, there's nothing good, even. if you save yourself, it’s not a fact that it’s half a year, what, i don’t know, well , experienced people tell me, it’s very hard there in kolyma and all the tracks go through the kolyma, and then where they fly, and then they go straight fly to the united states question. they will be happy. i don’t know, i doubt it, but there is a third

stage. everything there, the whole section goes to the usa yes we will be watching. well, you know, like this, watching 8 65 72 everything is going very badly in terms of falls, it seems, how beautiful, we start watching mother, but here it’s not very good. but there is another wonderful orbit 97. 97 is still 183. that is, you will observe. all of you will be the north pole. there is our zone of our interests and all this will be observed, but you will not fly to the northeast, but to the northwest. yes, and then there will be enough bags . good question. this we finished now just about the tracks and now we are applying east we find. the first falls on land, glory. god, russia is not a small country, the second taimyr or the laptev sea is also on land, in

principle, after all, all the accidents. they are, well, conditionally the first step, the second step, and the third step, the third step, went quietly on these. there is no orbit yet. there will still be these same sea sections, but there we have three unsinkable, as i call an aircraft carrier. there are three islands there, novaya zemlya and there, well, everything, they can be used and the probability is very small. rescuers what is 97, so that it differs from the eight sisters, 97 - this is the ezz orbit - this is the solar synchronous orbit, that is, there is always sochi in orbit , as i say, which sun, choose this, he is interested in from the strongman of the surface , you will fly over your territory and not only on your territory in the same time. once you will

fly her in the night one night. and, of course, you also have it, that is, conditionally on the descending part. you will always be in the world. may the ascendant be in your shadow. here's how you choose why do i say, it is descending, but, because we will land on the light on the descending part, cosmonauts and they will have free time all the time. we will not select anything, which means, anton, we will always start at the same time, it will even be boring. there, plus or minus 1 minute, we will also sit down at the same time. and, of course, these conditions will be all this wonderful orbit, now you will look at these satellites. they really came out, fuck, there are all the satellites, relatively speaking, scouts are those who, in fact, fly by and take pictures of everything and everything. and there will be our station, you can imagine, just how much interesting work there will be. we can observe our country, all these fires , all these, how the ice behaves.

there are a lot of such very interesting tasks that we don’t even imagine, because here is our general designer. hmm vladimir alekseevich , when we were collecting this discussion, everything was called by different companies, different organizations, including the ministry of emergency situations and an oceanographer there, well, a lot, a lot . i just didn't know how much interesting tasks that they are ready to hang on the new station, because it is 51.6. it's clear. we know this and that's it. well, something new is needed, and now the most important thing is an interesting task and now the main question. and where can we get the energy when we fly at 51.6 , the earth is added a little bit to help the earth’s speed, the maximum speed at the equator means, where we launch at 51.6, well, about 300 m is added. but when you fly. on the other hand, against yes, this means down with 300 m and more. well just a little more than 300-320 m bad bad let's look for

a conclusion. you, of course, are not out of the blue the whole thing. we all calculated that fleet, which means that the carrier ships that we have, in principle, yes, modern so we are launching two identical ones on the soyuz, for example, we will be launching on the soyuz - two one fuck, here we are giving the line. yes, we plant there. the same soyuz with engine numbers, which means they are angara-type missiles, in fact. hmm well, if you launch them at 51, now they are oversized a little, and then yes, we have to do a little shrink, but we can fly to this diagnostics and further question. that's when i started it dear guys. what does it mean expensive musk do you think the first stage , he does it for free, he loses 30% of his carrying capacity, because you need to leave

the energy to make the first stage calmer, then 30% sat down somewhere, and that's it. the rest says. this is fine. fine. you want something tasty, you buy more expensive, as i said, i think the devil is there, so i'm not such a rich person to buy cheap things. here, well, something like this, but this unique orbit and we are going to talk now. oh, well here. well, what are we waiting for? what is common sense to know? yes, i have had four flights since 2011. this is the year i returned. uh, four different countries. i had three different patterns. e. start and flight to the station i started two days, i flew. then i flew four orbits, which is almost 6 hours, yes, and i had a flight when i flew only two orbits and it took 3 hours there. yes, there are 300 kopecks. please tell me, uh, why

did they start doing this, because i'm i know that alla max that's regan and how they fly for two days and back for a very long time . i can't go down. we are 3 hours. why do we need to race to this speed? and if we still have a limit to our ability, well, the first question is, where did it come from? yes, 2011 , you flew, you always carried a foreigner. well , you hang out with the americans. yes, according to this one, and 2001, in my opinion, when the first time it allegedly flew tourists. yes further there was a series of tourists. so our hmm addressed me on international programs. and he says, listen, can't you faster? well, why not suffer? well, and began to think began to think. that's exactly what i was doing, and then this five-turn scheme was born to me, why five-turn ones , because there were talks that after

the fifth turn, problems begin, even mature cosmonauts you can probably confirm this too, that you know to feel that yes ? ford definitely has even discomfort. well, as it were, they say, the most acute phase is somewhere in a day. but we flew to seven salutes according to a one-day scheme and really there, well, we get 16 turns per day. far around the earth, yes, that is, if two days at 33-33, yes, yes, we leave for docking, then we reached. here, well, what i said four turns two turns and well, for a day it was a period when it was not very good, because when the automation did not work, often astronauts, well , they were not very good at this. good condition. they could not dock and since the eighty- sixth year before going to bed, the two-hundred scheme. it was already better, because. well, i was so explained to me that the astronauts more or less, especially the experienced ones were already coming to their senses, well, adaptation of yes is-86. we have not had such cases. we docked all the time all

the time here. well, here and so there are five turns of the border, if the border is five turns , before you do it, you have to carry it on trucks, and they told me on trucks, no, stop, dear comrade, five turns are not allowed. why because you then go into blind turns and arrive de-energized, you lose the truck. well, like this, it means that since the built-in circuit, the detuned circuit was what we got out, faced off, asked some maneuvers, then flew by, and now everything was barely 5 turns. what to do? four turns or you want a fast circuit or not, i would love to with it. here, yulia nikolaevich borisenko and i came up with such a scheme, then he was the same co-author of this patent, to whom we then wrote there was the essence of this usually, as i say now, we are deduced, we tried, we gave impulses. and now we will do it, we hatched and immediately gave impulses, and then these impulses

were taken into account, well, we took into account the measure and issued it. and there was still a corrective maneuver. here, corrective so small impulses and earned here in the twelfth year. here we have it for the first time and passed in the twelfth, and in the thirteenth year after three successful flights of the truck. we got a four-vintage one and it is yes, and it has already gone on as usual this year. well, last year there were 30 flights. we made these in four turns, but there were comments. well, you can probably confirm there was a four-screw, and the remark was such that the cosmonauts had a hard day at work. that is, you wake up at 16:18. it even depends after docking. there's another loop. you have to sit down and check everything. is it possible

to look faster, much faster? i already had this scheme, but rested. i was a booster rocket, four mistakes each, it didn’t have very good accuracy of money people gave soyuz two one, after two identical ones appeared, they began to break through this two-species scheme and as a result it didn’t work right away. we in the seventeenth year wanted the first time at the start. everything has prepared the conditions for everything, we are waiting for the launch, there is no rocket. it didn't take off. next time 13 february eighteenth. i remember, because it hurt me in bali in general. the same story, the rocket did not take off. what do we have in space? you know everything on the suev. well , probably everything is already, so the big cosmos does not want there to be a short scheme. well, that's all, such to understand that the start is not just happening as we wanted and