changes time, like any epidemic, isolation deprivation, what does it do with our time? well what time is changing during lockdown. this is a fairly well-known fact, the only question is how it changes were the studies, when people volunteers were naturally placed in an isolated room, where they did not have a change of day and night , there were no social contacts, nevertheless there was something to do. hobby some interests food, and they had to somehow manage their time. well , the first study was generally very strange. showed that in humans, uh, the rhythm becomes not 24 hours. a 48. that is, they slept for about 12 hours, and were awake for 36 hours. although it seemed to them that they were leading normal lives, in which the study was a more natural option. yes, it turned out that somewhere they had a rhythm of 25-26 days, 25. 6 hours, so that

isolation, including social isolation , greatly affects time, we adapt not only to the sun, but also to society, to some social rhythms to social life, and covid deprived us of such an opportunity, deprived opportunities to adapt to such a familiar social rhythm morning, work transport. i think that for some reason the time was stretched out, that is, the money seemed to be more for a day, but you know what i'll tell you. this is generally quite natural for a person. pay attention people on vacation. they, as a rule, have a daily daily regimen that is also stretched. they sleep longer. they go to bed later and sleep longer, that is, in fact, if they start by getting up, for example, as before, say at 7:00, then by the end of the vacation, if they don’t go anywhere go, and lead a vegetable lifestyle they

will sleep until 12:00 to 1:00 more. that is , it turns out that they sleep longer in that they are awake, they also lie down longer even later. well, i remember my experience of the pandemic, and for me it is a little, probably different from the rest. it seemed to me that time somehow sluggishly shaded this liquidish shade. every day is like another. here, i got up no events no meetings no upheavals. is it possible to manage your perception of time at all? make time intensely concentrated increase it, in the end ends the amount of time. that would be good. tell me how it is now. here. you, when you remember this, well, it 's been like this for two years, it slipped very quickly. this is just characteristic of psychological time. uh, in fact, when our time is not saturated with events , it seems to us that it stretches slowly, that it is stretched out, that the day lasts a very long time, and then, when we remember it, it seems

that it slipped unnoticed . so here is such a phenomenon, when time is not saturated, while it goes, it seems very long, and memories, it seems to slip, and as if it were not there, therefore, in principle, in order to stretch time, we need to saturate it with events. but then the opposite will happen to you. the day will be missed and , on the contrary, it will seem that the day is running very fast, that you just woke up. it's already evening , subjectively. you say the day has passed. i didn't notice reminisce something we'll be like saturated. this is the only thing we can do when we want to stretch time. we need to saturate it with events, and then in our memory, it will be saturated. another problem that i'm sure i'm facing, many of this word procrastination is already known to everyone postponing things for later, where does it come from? why do we tend to do something

difficult to put off want us to be taught from childhood what to do, on the contrary, in fact, this may indeed be due to the type of time. imagine that you have taken the court of a meatball canteen that you eat meatball soup first. here some people eat the meatball first, it's tasty, and then the soup, other people eat the soup first, and then they eat the meatball. well, some people eat everything together. these are people oriented to the past to the past. they eat the meatball first. that is, they try tasty first delicious. future-oriented people leave the meatball for later and eat the soup first. well, in the present, those who eat a piece of this and that, in short, tend to put off the unpleasant, for later those who first eat katya's meatball , but in our time. how much more

common is procrastination than before, when there was a more structured day hard work, before our time was run by someone else boss family after all. if you take it like that, uh, childhood. yes , mom wakes up in the morning, go to school at school , calls, then you come home, let's say mom meets you here to take into account. well, or there, take at least a serf. the factory worker, that is, the organization of your time, was controlled by someone outside. and now, in general, the well-being of society is quite good, people turned out to be partially free from external coercion, but still turned out, and now we can manage themselves, but not everyone knows how. and how to defeat procrastination, how to manage time? well, as i said, it depends on the type of person, in fact , it is difficult to change your type, but, firstly, it is desirable

to know it in order to know your peculiarity, and secondly, well, probably, training, like everything else creating a clear daily routine, in general, there are many different ways to deal with procrastination. i read here the most profound - is, of course, generally understand why you do not want to do? why did something become delicious a meatball, but something tasteless soup is generally how you live, if you have so much tasteless soup, i like soup as a metaphor. it may be that a person’s life is successfully arranged to the end, that he chose such a metaphorical soup for himself, where to swim a small tasty, meatball and such a large pelvis of tasteless soup, which must be eaten through force, but in the sense it is necessary to change where the tasty is placed, who is tasty first he will procrastinate, well, difficult and unpleasant for later can increase the amount of delicious. uh, but it's already changing your life so, so that fewer events of action cause disgust of the desire to postpone for later,

of course, such things will always be in our life, there will always be such things, but just the amount, when let's say 8 hours of work. it's this tasteless trial, again minutes at the bar. this is a meatball. it seems to me that life has not settled down, in fact. here are the regulations. there is another interesting moment there, for example, you have two things that you do not want to do - clean the apartment and write a diploma. well, you don't want a degree. give more, but here's the time can be filled with cleaning apartments. so you, too, could not force yourself to clean the apartment. and so at least a way to force yourself to do a less unpleasant thing, you really will. and in general, whether it is bad or good does nothing. why do we think that this is bad, because our body is programmed for what we should do, a person is predisposed, where activities, he should do something, work , play sports, run anything. otherwise , he will feel bad, guilty.

well, or something else? we and how to win this feeling of guilt to start doing something or accept? what can be done? it is very difficult to accept, but, of course , you can accept it, but you understand what the body is and what the body needs you to exercise, these endorphins are released. well, on vacation. he needs too. and, of course, i have a call, a call to all our listeners to try. at least 15 minutes a day , do nothing, don’t read, don’t watch, don’t work with smartphones, don’t go, don’t move around. so sit down and do nothing. fine? not 15 minutes. it's unbearable five honeys, 3 minutes. try me i'll try too. honestly. i'll come today and i'll be 15. well, do nothing. well , yes, it's a good experiment. i also advise, but i would like to supplement it. we are now

working on a problem, namely time management and psychological time. in short, we are now conducting an experiment, and we are watching. how does pre-day sleep affect the state of health of various components of physiological and psychological health, and moreover, there are several volunteers who agreed to sleep during the day, just we started talked fifteen minutes, well 15-30 minutes. it's not like that, sorry. it's not just sitting there doing nothing. and lie down, relax, close your eyes, remove all thoughts. that is, you just don’t think them verbally, at least don’t think, that is , don’t talk about yourself. you can images, let them go. well, first of all, the first question. is it possible to fall asleep from such a second question? how does this affect a person? do we have the first result already? the results have been summed up, which means, firstly,

it is very difficult to force yourself. even those who can lie down for 15 minutes to relax close your eyes just lie down, if you can't fall asleep your task is to lie down for 15 minutes, by the way, it is interesting from the point of view of biological control. how do people wake up on their own after 15 minutes or open their eyes, that is, like this rhythm for 15 minutes. yes, he is a person through him almost always wakes up. you can then fall asleep again, if you want, here. and secondly, yes, i have already said the first facts, which is very difficult to force. why does this person indicate that these 15 minutes, here they are, well, that's how they are needed. and when he lies down he wants to think about something, and thoughts. it seems to him that his own are so important that, well, how not to think about it, and then yes, we want to see influential health. i have already said that only pensioners remain who either work for one hour of the day, or do not work, or people who work in such a relatively free regime, but i , of course, basically

prepared this technique for his pensioners. yes, let's start with the disadvantages, i will say the disadvantage. first , some cut their nighttime sleep to sleep during the day. this is wrong. well, that is, if you i usually slept for eight, but still it is desirable to sleep through these eight, and during the day for another 15 minutes , just those who greatly reduced their nighttime sleep, they complained that they began to feel tired. well, this is like a minus, so i recommended everyone not to cut. night sleep, yes, then it is more difficult after a day. what's good? well, the experiment continues as long as we have a small number of people so far from what they said, no one has been sick this winter or caught a cold. seriously. i decided that this can be considered as an improvement in immunity. well of course, this is already on a large sample, but let's get back to those wishing to manage time. ugh look. we talked about time during the day there months. and let's

talk about time management throughout life. here are young adults, the elderly, they perceive time differently or in the same way, but this is such a classic yes , the question about the perception of time, in principle, the classic answer is known to it, that in childhood, time stretches slowly for a child day. this is eternity in youth. it, well, usually flows, but from old age it accelerates and the elderly person. it seems that the evening just opened my eyes and the days slip by without noticing. and besides the fact that you need to saturate the days, well, our advice, we still need to understand that it is the perception of time that changes. there are two answers to this question here. why? well, with age, time speeds up, one psychological another, i would say biopsychological uh, the classic version suggests that we perceive time differently, because we compare it with our life, a child at 5 years old for him another

year has passed. this is 20% of his life, but for a man, let's say 100 years a year is only 1% of life. that is, it will be accelerated for him, but 20 times the time, because you are comparing life expectancy, this is actually, this is a good answer from the point of view of time management, yes, well, it only remains to somehow compare time not with life expectancy . but there is another study. 2 years were spent in japan. i think back we have neurons in the dark cortex, which is responsible for the perception of time. and with age , these neurons, as if tired, are inhibited , cease to be excited and, accordingly, human fewer neurons begin to participate in the perception of the time interval.

as a result, for him, time accelerates less than the neurons that perceive time, and then in old age, on the one hand , the phenomenon arises that time rushes, and on the other hand, it becomes difficult to have time to do something in a short period. if earlier, for example, i was going to work in 15 minutes. now it doesn’t work out for 15 not because you get tired faster not because the body is sick or something else, it just doesn’t work out for many this is surprising, but why was it going to take 15 minutes earlier. and now, well, i can’t for 15, everything else remains. eh, this is considered and due to the fact that the perception of time has changed. now these 15 minutes are like 10 kapets for you, well, subjectively, yes, and you don’t have time to find it. although, in principle, what to do with it. if you take the biopsychological concept, because maybe it is sadder, yes, then it turns out that you need

to teach neurons not to get tired. and this is the question, how not to grow old? or how to rejuvenate? he has no answer to him yet, but another an option in old age is considered to increase such an indicator as awareness of life awareness mindfulness. well, such an indicator, you need to use this awareness for time management. that is, it turns out self-control. that is, you control yourself during these 15 minutes, in order to meet the deadline. but many people have some kind of aging plan. here i will be 60-70. god forbid 80. what am i going to do, how does she owl my life. i think that people do not have such a plan, and even retirees who have retired there was no such plan, but there were such studies. but if you take a younger age, you know, there were still old studies. until what age do people imagine their life?

that is, this is how they see how it seems to them for them and imagined it at the age of 18. well, like up to 25. interestingly, at 22 it’s also up to 25. that is, this is such an inflection point, but apparently, people go to study there, and at 25 they represented up to 30. i talked with some people and asked, yes, what did you represent . we are very many like this expected to live to 30 years, and then die. why continue to live after 35. there has already begun an expansion already there 40 50 to 60. well , as it were, people already, but this point is such an inflection point. yes, but it turns out that people imagine before retirement, and there, well , they didn’t represent anything there, there was no program , there was no occupancy plan, so i have an appeal to our viewers and listeners. imagine that you are 80, what will you do,

how will you live in order to be happy and feel the richness of life is an immodest question. well i'm probably like most people i don’t really think about what i’m going to do specifically, after eight for some reason it seems, oh listen, we have a project i’m doing. and here we have developed a methodology for estimating the expected retirement age. there are several questions first question. eh, let's say yes? at what age? uh, well, your gender is retiring , the second is what time you plan to retire, the third question is there. what time would you ideally like to retire. what time would you well that's the minimum option, when would you like then? well, what time a maximum of five more questions is considered average, you know what's interesting, people are divided into two, like some people want to retire as soon as possible, so they will have, well,

a small retirement expected retirement age. they were asked ideal ideal, i would like to be retired, or there are 20 years to go out, while others want to delay those who want to be early. this is freedom for them. i'll go out and do nothing. yes, and those who want to work longer, right? for them, it's, well, a job until retirement age. health, well, what kind of pension is a resignation? well, like, yes, that is, i will live until if i retire at 80, then i will live to 80 and be in good health at 80. well, there are not so many of them, but here i am, uh, i’m just i belong to the direct type, which these are going to retire is not going to. can also live, but after 8 months. oh well, who knows, and let's move from old age to the childhood of the young. here, did people really begin to grow up later , or does it seem so, for example, the world

health organization has recently completely expanded the boundaries of adolescence before there were teenagers. you know, this is actually very interesting. if we take there the periodization of adolescence known to our psychologist, yes, he had, in my opinion, uh, adolescence ended at 14-15 years old. if we take psychologists, already at the end of the twentieth century, then there were older adolescences of 16-17, some authors of 18 wrote no. and if it's here, it means the world health organization. they were 21 years old, and now 23-24 is the end of adolescence. so something that well , growing up is delayed and a certain adolescence is preserved. what about a teenager? why teenage yes they are teenage hair? how is a teenager different from a young man? well, in principle , not independence. he needs custody of the teenager's help.

in general, some infantilization is a search for oneself and, accordingly, some need for support, while he considers himself that this is already firstly, those who have left the parental family are distancing or living independently while still young, but now he is already independent. so that's what adolescence has expanded. it has expanded. all the time of adolescence searching for oneself. well, not self-need to support such a social feature, first, people learn before this age. they are not independent. yes, secondly, such is the decision, as it were, also the whole world health organization. you know, i think it's right. this corresponds to the biological development of man. we will assume that the person is, well, a teenager immature until then. while the formation of the body of the brain brain. well, the higher case of the bark develops and

finally forms somewhere in 22 23 24 years in 25 coins. the schrödinger code podcast is with you and i am its host grigory tarasevich , editor-in-chief of the magazine with the same name schrödinger's cat and we are talking about very important things from the point of view of science. today we are talking about the time our guest is tatyana berezina , psychologist, professor of the department of extreme psychology, moscow state psychological and pedagogical university. from the point of view of extreme psychology, what is the time they say when a person is in some kind of terrible situation, time falls or flies there, in general it is completely compressed to the point that you can remember all your life or this effect does not work. do you think it's shrinking? maybe we 'll call it stretching? well, it is stretched by everyone, that is, here. yes, you noticed that you will not

only get out, that is, this is our specificity of our perception of time, either it stretched out, or it ate. that is, it turns out that we accelerated or slowed down there, we ourselves confuse it, but i spent it purely questioning people in extreme situations is subjective. they were just talking about the fact that time is being stretched out as you wish. yes, and not accelerating, but that's what the man was talking about, he was in the publication. it doesn't matter the explosion. and then a chandelier falls on him, and he looks. it falls off the ceiling. and then she flies towards him. and now she is approaching, but he felt no less he could not move his body, but it seemed to him that a huge amount of time had passed. he saw cracks in the ceiling, anything. true , i could not move, it turns out that some people nevertheless.

yes, subjective time is stretched, it speeds up what you want to do, but more of it is done. the task is to be able to fit into it more not only perception, but also actions, something that can save you, some say that they succeeded. well, it reminds a little bit of the plot from the matrix when the bullet flies and the characters dodge it, remember in the movie, but don't you think that many people choose some extreme risky behaviors no matter. i'm here hot spots jumping rocks or something else, to increase their time, they increase just such an experience. first, all this is theirs. and this day stretched out for them and they remember the vacation, if they did it on vacation, but this itself is an extreme situation. she, maybe there she flew 5 minutes for them an hour. well, when it’s not 5 minutes, but 5 months, probably, in general, some kind of big life turns out when you take risks all the time,

when something threatens you, you know, if you take people of extreme professions there, those who are hobbies, i i can't say but the study of representatives of the special -risk profession was also carried out by other people after their work with them. in general, in relation to people leading non-extreme professions, their biological age will increase with time, that is, they are getting old. yes, and what of our mironnaya metabolism of biological age, e.g., will organs become obsolete? the body is where the indicators that are included in the biological age, that is, the heart, breathing, metabolism. well, in general, we don’t like it, because we would like, yes, to do it all the same. was like something positive. i've been doing some more research. well, it's so easy. in a sense , if desired, anyone can check it. i

watched the life expectancy of the astronauts and it is clear that they all had perfect health. i compared those who flew in space, those who did not fly, those who flew, lived longer, who experienced all the same training loads . it's not about physiology. more like something about meaning. here, apparently, when people accomplish a feat that which for them is a personal achievement that is supported by society. well, this is the gratitude of society, too, it is important glory and admiration. in general, this gives us something , look, here is a story about astronauts. she is very suggestive. perhaps, after all, the question is somewhat of such an iron regularity of our body and our aging, but in a certain purpose of life. so i read a study where they analyzed the dates of death and

the dates of birth of a person and his children. and it turns out that before the birthday of their own children die less than immediately after, that is, somehow the body is mobilized to celebrate there to meet with the children, and then they are released, in general, how much meaning they influence our physiology is known. yes phrase. yes, if a person has a reason to live, he will live. and if there is nothing to live for, then he dies. this must be a very difficult study. this is exactly what to study. i don't know researchers who could. exactly this is subjected to experimental verification, so that a person has a global meaning. why live prolongs his life about astronauts. we good research done, yes, but there got everything here there is frankl's follow-up, which he did in a concentration camp, so that those who want to know why scientific research is rather

a subjective observation of a person. well, of course, they can’t conduct an experiment, who don’t know a wonderful psychologist. he ended up in a fascist concentration camp and introduced constant monitoring of himself and those around him and actually freed himself. you created well , a special area of ​​psychology associated with meaning, and he owns a wonderful quote, taken from experience in a concentration camp. who knows? than to withstand anyone, like those who understood why they live even in the hellish conditions of a concentration camp, survived more often than those who were deprived of this meaning, probably, it was so, if we objectively studied, most likely, we would confirm it. god forbid , of course, i understand, but we do not live in a concentration camp. and imagine a person eating alone. why should he live there for some kind of global goal, and the other person just lives. that is, he, as it were, does not have a global

meaning, but he is not at the end of the camp. he just lives, who lives longer, that is, will the presence of such a sense of the need to live. here's another 10 years. to prolong the life of a person in relation to one who does not have such a need, that is the question of what, uh, and to this question. it's like i don't know the answer. yes, it would be very interesting to investigate this, but i don't even know how this factor works yet. objectify asking a person why do you have a reason to live? well, maybe a profession, after all agree that people who can support their work almost indefinitely. well, artists, writers, scientists, still, they live more often longer than those who have work once and are cut off sharply. well, doctors, for example, you all retired in the hospital. you people don't treat your professional sense is disabled. and your neighbor is an artist, he draws pictures and draws people should be equalized.

if we want to compare not artists and doctors, but two doctors of one doctor, it makes sense. well, no, the meaning of the artist of one is the meaning of the artists, too, different meanings they have different. in the sense of a hard-to-measure value. this , of course, was not physics in russia research is also an objective study of the life expectancy of different categories of people turned out to be academics. indeed, academicians of the academy of sciences live longer than fodder. didn't hear it very well. well, yes, and than let's say ordinary processes, that is, it turns out that, well, so to speak, achievements. well here's an opportunity to work long meets a higher career level. ah makes it possible to live longer. let's dream a little. still, we all want to live longer longer, we don’t

want to be young and cheerful longer. like me i understand that science is now looking for ways. how to prolong the youth of a person to make him ageless, like a rodent from africa, the head of a digger, who they say does not age and almost does not get sick, still die, but some african is more often mentioned. he nailed it there with a shovel. how realistic it is for us to live there for a hundred and twenty years up to 130, that's what science is saying about it now the question of what life expectancy depends on, we also conducted studies on twins in russia and then compared with other data. well calculate the percentage, which depends on the environment about which heredity. in general, somewhere in russia, 36% of life expectancy depends on heredity. she is everything else from the environment. and in america it was like a study. there they received 25% of heredity. the rest of the environment. on the one side. it

seems to be so cool, but on the other hand. if you analyze it this way, it does not mean that, let's say, you have passed up to 50 years. yes, it’s only 36% that i can live up to 150. this rather means that there is some kind of, apparently, supposedly life limit, which is being programmed. biologically and now it is believed that this is a fairly large limit of 100-120 years. well, something like this and should they say, and we can organize our lives in such a way as to live these, well, let there be 100 years of sound solid memory with well, good health. here, too , we will now talk about psychology, because it is clear that medicine is working on this biology. well, who just does not work, looking for their own ways. and we seem to be saying what psychologists can offer for this opportunity let's call it to share your life to increase its

productive period of life. well, here's my colleague from st. petersburg university. they devised a strategy. well, the extension of the productive period of life is prosperous aging. there are 22 factors. some of them are good sleep, other food control, a healthy lifestyle, and so on. well, they suggested that our human life consists of three pains. shih spheres of work in our free time we yes, i work, we have already said successful work prolongs. life is a good prosperous family, loving, in principle, also prolongs life, but it depends on us. we settled on the fact that what we can advise psychology. this is free time management. but because i can say you need a successful job all without me. if they want, i can say, i recommend you a prosperous, kind, loving, materially prosperous family. so this is understandable without me. but how to organize free time? here is the question.

in fact, we have developed a program that allows you to correctly select suitable resources, that is, what to do in free time. what hobby is recommended for a particular person? what sports hobby? someone needs a needlework room, someone has a solution hobby, someone has an intellectual activity, that is, something like this, that is, to choose the right ones. spending time in free time and thus subjectively increase your time. thank you very much. still, i will briefly summarize, how to make more time, how to increase it is to do what you love, no matter how trite it sounds to think about what you have, besides work and home. what are the hobbies? what are the activities to choose the right hobby plan for the long term. and, of course, saturates your life with meaning. thank you very much tatyana thank you very much, our viewers and listeners are with you podcast from zhedinger, and i am its host grigory tarasevich and many

thanks to tatyana berezina, who was in our today's guests a professor at the moscow state pedagogical university pedagogical university department of extreme psychology. thank you tatyana thank you. this is a podcast of the psyche. here we rummage through the labyrinths of consciousness, looking for the truth and as a rule, we find a place for untruth, at least a path to it. i am a journalist natalya loseva, my co-host is a psychologist, candidate of psychological sciences mikhail khors hello hello albert good afternoon. i already know a little about your history. let's tell your version so you have problems with a girl. more precisely, with the fact that i am now trying to abstract from the memories of her, because it interferes with working in another city on a business trip, that is, when i arrive in the city, i always remember

that she was waiting for me here. here we walked here she smiled at me. and all this adds such an emotional background that it does not allow me to concentrate on work, and therefore i want somehow a person has not been in my life for a year already and i want to try to learn how to live without memories and without her presence. how many years preceded this in your relationship girl, what kind of relationship was it? well, we met at 2,000 there in 2012 and somehow at first we just had it in general in 2012. that is, 11 years ago on december 31 , 2012. that is, it turns out that almost 10 years you had a relationship or we first what you call a relationship. we're just the first time. we were just friends, talking, nothing serious happened. then after some time, i began to understand that she was causing me. feelings of sympathy, interest, and this began to acquire more and boundaries in me. i understood that i want to spend lately, no more and somewhere since 2016.