and aleksey varlamov, a writer and rector of a literary institute, was with you, and my guest was a wonderful prose writer and friend vasil pavlovich evgeny anatolyevich popov hello, i'm pilot cosmonaut anton shkapper this is a podcast of space history. today my guest is sergey nikolayevich samburov, chief specialist of radio engineering systems for communication with spacecraft of the energy rocket space corporation. and what is most interesting is the real equal of konstantin edward tsiolkovsky, the founder of theoretical astronautics. today, we will just talk about konstantin and tsiolkovsky speaks about his legacy of space communications, as well as satellite, which

are collected by students of our russian universities. sergey, tell us what you do in energy. well, i have been working in energy for 45 years. i started to study at the mission control center, i was engaged in the analysis of the activities of the crew, and my occupation in radio engineering followed from this, but, because such a one flew. musa monarov proposed to install a communication system. for all the inhabitants of the earth at the legal frequencies and intended. i developed the project and we implemented it and went on to develop further, so to speak. and at first it was surprising, because on the world. naturally , there was no communication channel like this, as there was only a purely official soup channel with dry commands from the main operators. turning it on at 26, turn it off there and that's it, and there

was no such emotional support. and when the guys on board turned on the radio stations, they heard the voices of the whole earth, all so joyful, and they didn’t understand that the station was flying, they said, oh wait now with my wife, i’m running away. wait hang guys there for 10 minutes here now i had time for my wife. and she also talk to the astronauts. yes, we are flying. we are already flying. in 10 minutes we will be 2,000 km from here. well, in general, it gave rise. such an astronaut, too. and they intended for a long time. and polyakov flew the enclosures for a year. and here, yes and a half and here. that's it, uh, jonah was also very fond of this connection because of the amateur connection. any person who has a receiver at home. yes, certain frequencies could talk to the astronauts. i think the astronauts could talk to them family friends. today there are no satellite telephones at home and in fact. here it was such a thread, national with friends, and moreover, uh, such was gennady monakov. they

even had his mother there in the village, she lived in such a deaf place there was not even a telephone, well, she dragged it into one. yes, but they dragged the radio station , dragged the battery from the tractor, the antenna there with- i would explain how to do it, and he talked to her constantly. and in general, well, the whole village was going. here they had it right there as the police were going to listen to the talks. it was very cool. tell us, please, about your grandfather from tsiolkovsky you can talk endlessly and he wrote a lot of work. about 600 works. well, 200 somewhere is dedicated to hmm airships, but by plane. well, including the spacecraft . how to fly into space back in 1903 120 years ago, still brothers. raraita hmm uh, they were just going, probably, in terms of whether it took off and that’s just aviation was born,

and he had already written a book of his work, which called the study of world spaces jet instruments, that is, world space explorer using jet propulsion. he came up with his own formula. even though he studied there. basically at school. mm, two classes. then he was called the rumanian lenin library, let's say, before, and from sixteen to 19 years old he sat from opening to closing in moscow, so he was such an amazing person, because. well, what a boy, even now he’s going to moscow sleeping somewhere on a chest and not going around he became an encyclopedist, so he easily reasoned like this, and the fate of not a person , but all his life, working as a simple teacher at school, he thought about the happiness of mankind, of course, they did not

understand him, and he himself said they would understand me after hundreds of thousands of years, because aviation was just developing there, and here a person writes about some hmm and space travel of the interplanetary milky way resettlement plan for the development of these outer space. and no one really understood him, they read it, as if an eccentric, and of course, when he wrote mendeleev wrote to a well-known scientist there, and they spoke. well, no, such a science astronautics is nonsense, because this cannot be, and no one really understood him, and he predicted a lot and everything will be. space rocket space station will be of a modular type, uh, but i know that not everything that he predicted has already been embodied in modern astronautics. not everyone. in general, he wrote 16 paragraphs of space exploration. we did the most half of the primitive there

the rocket went up a little. a-a higher land for 400 km, but already in the middle of this plan. he would create a vast settlement, create a spacesuit for people to go into space, and he, in spacesuits, plucked everything from his drawings. well, let it be childish, but understandable. he was not an artist, so he drew a diagram. and according to the scheme, the spacesuit is directly similar to our everything modern, how does it all hmm, as if it comes off, how should he do it? how to push off, throw some things in order to return to the station, painted it all, but we stuck on the point of creating extensive settlements and creating greenhouses. let's take, for example, a flight to mars to fly to mars, even if it's real there to overcome all sorts of fields . hmm, and overcome radiation fields. well

, let's say they did it, but imagine, you have to fly far away. the crew of 10 people, probably, so that both the cook and the manager forgot the management. there it is necessary to cook food, it is necessary to give food to the crew. uh, oxygen is needed even without renewable food water regeneration, well , she washed the clothes there several times, then all the same, new ones, and now, if we have there, well, not the best case is a year to fly there a year on mars a year ago 3 years. how much can you collect? it must be some kind of a large warehouse of missiles to lead, so he said it was necessary to the greenhouse, it seems to me. now we still need to develop it from the greenhouse, because now , like a child, having just been born, we are tied to the umbilical cord to the mother, where the cub is equipped. but the nascent cosmonautics need to be created so that self-organizations

are already in space and are not supplied with both water and oxygen. well, here's how it supplies ideas, therefore, it is necessary to make some kind of systems that will regenerate everything in order to travel already, as tsiolkovsky dreamed of in the universe in the personal way. and then he has such grandiose plans for billions of years. this resettlement of mankind began in the solar system, then resettlement to you on a personal path and already there use, moreover , for the energy of the sun, the energy of light for movement and for, uh, the production of some materials. well, in general, but he seemed to have thought of everything, and therefore the further plan will be implemented for a long, long time. how many is that really all he wrote? well , this is for a billion years, but it's all calculated but it's all real, although here a little, returning to philosophical problems, m-m development. here we are a little off

the ground. and in general, let's get further rational fields. oh well, we'll continue to grow. tsiolkovsky believed that this is an exit to the cosmos - these are secondary. he says e rocket is not an end in itself for me. there will be a different way of penetration into outer space for him and his e, the main resettlement of man in space. why did he think teleports or not? yes, yes, why did he think? what hmm well not exactly? well, and a way, well, some kind of anti-grit in the field is moving in some kind of a new field there, along which spacecraft will quickly fly there with the help of e-energy. the veto will somehow be at light speed. well, in general, uh, those that technology will come up with, here, and most importantly , he believed that a person settled in the universe, and lived well there, and he said that the main thing, here, uh, unfortunately, again, uh, returning, that we are not yet so far out into space that

we also went up into space, and there it is not yet a spacewalk under tsiolkovsky. he said that a new generation would be born in space , new people would be born in space. and if they are born normal, even smarter and hmm he thought. well, i also think to sit down and many people think that the smarter a person is, the happier he is, that is, he already understands everything. he, well, in general, well , here is a scoundrel under the lyceum and they are not happy, but people will be born if the universe mind the universe allows us to do so. to have it all there normal people were born smarter generations, they will be happier and better and our civilization will develop there. well, you yourself will support these ideas. of course , i think, well, firstly, that the smarter a person, the happier he is. in general , the cosmos really selects the best from people.

that's how much hmm i communicate with astronauts. well, although these are also the same people who are on earth, if the best are worse, well, in general , there is no luck that i am very scared with very good people. that's what all life's been with good people astronauts, that is , from childhood itself, it turns out that you were born in an unusual family, because tsiolkovsky was known before you and now everyone knows all over the world, by the way, they know. er, so how did you feel? yes, being the great-grandson of konstantin eduardovich yes, it so happened that if the children there dream of becoming e cosmonauts with someone, yes. right now i just wanted to say that i was born in such a family. i didn’t have a choice, firstly, only i didn’t have time to dream. i was only 6 years old there, how launched a satellite in 1957, it was just 100 years old that tsiolkovsky came to kaluga

, korolev came to kaluga to prepare these events ; naturally. went to family. not only did he go there about them, while we were going to kaluga, here's a funny story they collected mushrooms. i don’t know where anyone went in kaluga. well, let’s start the family of the tsiolkovsky king. you create something for us, and then we'll come back, well, they didn't take it, but , naturally, the queen didn't remember with this companion, but 6 years is not enough no walk. i don't wear jackets. here, i remember what korolev said. i 'll tell you a family secret that we will soon be the first in space. we'll start opening the space one. well, no one is allowed, and my parents told me, look, don’t try to tell someone in your kindergarten, tell them that you know that we will be the first in space for these 2 weeks until october 4th. i really wanted to tell you, as he says, he shouted into the well, and i know everything, so, finally, on october 4, a satellite flew. and i'm already saying, but i knew, but my first one was very proud,

and the second, of course, a step is, well, not only did scientists begin to come and i already understood as an astronaut. and when gagarin flew and this, that is, in general, this is a man in space for the whole world. it was newspapers. there, all the people did not go to work, and then a person comes to kaluga after 2 months. i was already in school and arrived and went into the house. and i lived alone in tsiolkovsky's house, where he lived . tsar's kaluga, where this office where all the scientists came, and we already understood that . so this god came in. and so the grandmother's grandmother daughter god is ours, but god. yuryevich gagarin came such a simple man, and i'm standing here petty. you already had 10 years. yes, that is, he must have remembered. well, how else did he approach the boy there, stroked his head and said , let's join us as astronauts and since then i have already caught fire, well, you really need to

really fly into space, god himself invited. i began to learn and found out that through e, you can either become a pilot. somehow, he began to go to the astronauts to attend the challenge medical committee or, uh, to enter the consortium. and i'm an engineer by nature, there's still a fan of all these techniques, then you can do korolev's contributions. well, for this you need to graduate from hmm institute. i graduated from bauman with a degree in radio engineering, which means that it was possible to apply in 3 years. a-and the chief designer an application to undergo a medical examination. i did it and went to work. uh there. after 3 years, i submitted an application to korolev and started checking me there. well, as always, we know that there are no absolutely healthy people. under-examination, that's why some of these tonys found me there. so it's not so. well, like this corrected. and here we see it again. well, here i deeply believe. here, the laws

of the universe, apparently, something decided that it was too fat to be a descendant of tsiolkovsky to develop his ideas and cosmonauts, which means they took me away, i served as an officer in the saratov army for two years. hmm school, pilots, it's been there for 2 years. well, and now he left the energy, of course. here also married here all this. well, in general, the children are there and returned. after 2 years it started again, but again i have such here in my life. i have already become so very trembling. all the time some bans are coming. you can’t go there, but the cosmonaut detachments were proud of you. yes and well, but the ideas remained a dream. that's why i immediately when i returned, i probably began to work with a civilian detachment, cosmonauts, and in fact, hmm, it turned out that i started gagarin here, then there was a gap while i

was studying, then i came into energy exchange with astronauts. again, the civil seas are nearby. what was and is your work with the astronauts, and i'm just teaching them hmm communication, because so according to legal laws, let's say this, i'm the boss radio stations that are on board and i must give permission to the astronauts so that they can use this equipment and i teach them to tell them. how this system works, in addition, well, i'm conducting two more experiments , one, and the gagarin space, which you all know, this means, uh, astronauts are communicating, either with students, or with schoolchildren. it's about uh, 30 sessions a year , because with the whole world, not only with the whole world, but mostly now the last time. here we are with russia because schoolchildren hold a competition to select the 20

best questions, because the session lasts 10 minutes, while this side of visibility flies overhead. even children see sometimes. if the night session of the station says, we see you, and the astronauts also speak with humor, but we don’t see you wave your hands. well, like waving, really those children. here they ask questions quite interesting there are funny such 20 questions they ask them answer. these are astronauts. and they have never been happy. that's what's on the village so they uh, refused to cancel the session. here we are now trying to make a channel, so that those who submit questions can also see the astronaut. it will be good then. uh, the second one i have is hmm well, the radio communication system is m. also, uh, how radio amateurs help us. this is when the crew returns to the ground, we turn on the equipment. mm, such a source,

let's say, because already in the soviet union there were floating nipas. there were ships in the sea that conducted a communication session, but now there is no such thing. and here we are at the return of this share somewhere under africa already when impulses. yes, and you are moving, mm, the transmission continues to transmit telemetry, and we are concerned about two main parameters. this is when the time has passed, well, the turning on of the brake engine, and how long it has worked, and the second parameter concerns this, when the separation has passed, when the household compartment has separated from the aggregate compartment, and when the capsule can already be sure in time that with regards to the regular one it has divided. it means that the search engines will already be in half an hour and he will already find this place in kazakhstan, therefore, well, we have a control center, the main control room with the iss is a shipbuilder, here is a shipbuilder sitting next to these. well, i'm sitting in the hall and talking to

the crew from such a system, they came up with the idea that already as a sexual student he is in space. this is the international space station and all the telemetry from the spacecraft . and if everything fits together, then everything is fine, something is wrong, then we are replaying, in addition, in our communication system with the student. this is another emergency channels where you can contact on service channels, you can go to others. well, to america to others there, even by phone to call in the world at the mira station, this was generally a novelty. now you can also use a satellite phone. well, in general, you can contact and just say. some kind of radio amateur had an accident there, and i also remember valery polyakov. he really was such a case when he helped a lot. we have a special transfer there, the twenty-third

form. this means that it is necessary at this time to indicate and how long does the impulse last which to issue and it is quite long for a day from this coil from this coil to return to the ground correctly in the right place and flew. here is lena konakova, german melbourne, and when they flew it so happened that there were six crew members and a lot of energy consumption , which means that all the transmissions turned off and turned off and that's it, we continue to transmit there is no connection, everyone is worried, and then they spun, in the sun everything has been fixed already. well, it's been a day. they say, how come? no. this is our place. we were so worried. we have not submitted the form. valery says. but what about i? he says that he turned on the equipment and received all the signals, everything was recorded for me. well, i was ready and everything. we have us, we have nothing to worry about. here's another thing the crews liked, of course,

the system that developed interrooms such a packet connection on the world. because the parallerian system appeared, but this was not the case in the service channel. and we also had such a line, such a system, a long ribbon of thermal paper. it was transmitted at such a speed that it’s even difficult to imagine 50 bots when a needle was printed on a thermal boot, and there were no russian letters, and when the world went to us, and this program, the shuttles began to transmit more english words, the equipment turned out to be 10 m by 15. length. here is this narrow tape. uh -huh well, here we are, uh. eh, sergei konstantinovich here. he hmm, too, but began to ask. but why the same frequencies, why can not be done? well, in general , hmm, on the meth - at our debriefing and on the commission, in general, uh, they instructed us to make such a system, and between the

control center and the hmm station, the world turned out interroom exchanges and received already. uh, now it sounds wild somehow with a computer, but at that time, yes, there, directly the whole package was dumped. yes, and here are my friends. why is the 23rd form remembered? what is there with us the crew had to repeat everything to confirm all these figures, but here they received hmm such an intercomputer. she is so arranged that she is error-free, if she passes the cipher, she repeats just this piece, it turns out that they receive the file already ready. nothing needs to be repeated. and this unloaded a lot of time, of course. me too received thanks. and you are the crew, although for safety now, but still in the evening the commander. e spaceship. union receiving already on the modern there 23 23-24, then uh, in any case, he compares. at least that's what you say, which is the turn-on time.

uh, the engines of this column do not care, even though it is transmitted electronically, anyway, so that god forbid, there was no mistake , because it is very important of course, because it is better to double-check your time, because if you do not give it, then you will have an impulse to in the event of an emergency landing , ground clearance. at what time to turn on which impulse so that we just get to the place where they will be waiting for us. uh, the services of an absurd lie about our systems, a ballistic missile in the russian federation has nothing to shoot down. we found at least three contradictions, how we got into the head of porridge in kiev in relation to systems in general, once russian or american satellites or ufos in general are displayed, and then to say that the first alien was in ukraine , we will put an end to the dispute, what fell completely recently, in kiev, no one drops satellites in cities. true, anti-freaks will soon be against lies. tomorrow on the first and anton shkaperov and we

continue our conversation with sergey nikolaevich, samburov, the chief specialist of radio engineering systems of rgc energia. here i look at the table is konstantin eduard tsiolkovsky, we always have a presence at the station. i know you transmit periodically updated exactly the image of the photograph in the central post it has always been. and we have a library. yes, quite extensive there are a lot of books uh konstantin eduarche, but i know the library was still on the world. yes, it was such an official law. library, on-board library named after tsiolkovsky was their slime tsiolkovsky at his own expense. he published these books and sent them to everyone. and in general, uh, of course, returning to tsiolkovsky, that after all, you understand , a person writes about something about some stars about everything and spends half a shelf of his own. for

some book research. they are not known. about what refusals are everywhere to him and we have family traditions. still. if not for his wife, then he might not be so tsiolkovsky it was because she understood with some female intuitive that, well, when the husband was sung, this is understandable. and when he spends something for nothing, and there her children starve a lot, there all the grandchildren are there. well, and here he spends this money on this. well, i took all this on myself and, in general, helped them very well. what's the follow. so, back to the library. we, uh, took these buildings during our lifetime, asked the museum to have everything in the funds still transferred funds from the family. i also sent such works that were not in my lifetime, which we somehow succeed in our funds and hand over here to persuade someone to find and hand over and we exiled here and there is mk. here i have a photograph stored for me, where you are just with a pack of books, there tsiolkovsky there is a few virus treatment, he thinks that we have only as

a modern electrode. well, like e- books, but we love. well, i like, for example, to read before going to bed, just to take a book, flip through the pages in simple language without any of these, of course, the academy of sciences should have given him the nobel prize, in theory, because he himself without outsiders i wrote everything for help, and everyone did not understand astronautics. this is what we now understand . and when we come here with astronauts with some astronauts in calusia, a house, i tell them, look. there is no internet, he does not even have a computer. there are video systems. no, there would be no books on astronautics, and then they say. look, there is not even light, he did not even have light. he had a kerosene lamp, which he moved in order to illuminate places with kerosene lamps humble teacher. here i thought about the universal mind, and the moisture of all mankind the happiness of all mankind, therefore, here

it is. hmm it's good that he reminded me of the bust of tsiolkovsky . no, this is different, this is a copy, but that one remained. yes, now, as in the course of the transfer of shifts, as the key to the tsiolkovsky library. yes, as part of the library accessories, and this big bust has already made famous. uh, skulter shalavat , shcherbakov made this bust, and we have already installed it firstly in the izhevsk people of tsiolkovsky, because they say that kaluga was born tsiolkovsky, here is our countryman but this is desired really give it away, because volkovskaya was born in the village of izhevskoye, ryazan province, a real russian scientist who lived there, only the last years of his life with his fellow countryman, and she is proud, and now the bust was installed there, everything was on when it was last year 165 years. we went to izhevskaya and

there this bust was opened. and just like that , he was there, in addition to such busts, we generally set up a school for gifted people named after ural sultanov, there was such a cosmonaut buranovsky. we have four teams there. and i happened to be happy. i still know all of them i also trained on snowstorms, because there were no simulators. and here are all the four detachments that we all had, as if i had a chance to train them. well, basically , radio communication systems go to different offices and such without installation, they also installed the southwestern statehood in kursk, where we recently visited, just like that. i understand that the satellite has something to do with it. moreover , you are under even. professor yes state university and southwestern state university, i really enjoy working with young people. that's about these satellites, which are designed by students. yes, they are already making their own spacecraft, and this is a spacecraft. it flies around

the earth from the iss orbit because it transmits telemetry and it has solar panels. and how long such a satellite lives in orbit, it all depends on the activity of the sun, and at what speed the astronaut will launch. well, i’m eternally grateful to you there nikolaevich for the fact that you still suggested a very better way that i need to throw my hand when you go out in a spacesuit. here is me in the film with pleasure. i look where you are you throw oleg artyom inside the workout, yes, yeah, and you don’t throw your hand like that. and you accompany me, first i just turn with the body, and then just let go of my hand, and it flies slowly, and that's because the main thing is to start it so that it does not rotate, really. the main thing is that it does not rotate, and it needs a direction. and so, that we launch it during a spacewalk in an extreme exit, how many satellites is it here at once? and they are whole groups, that is, satellites are launched by all sorts of new students, and the americans are launching, but uh

we have a grouping they work one through the other. there are whole scientific works. students are engaged in this cycle, it turns out. yes, this is just the sphere and why hmm unfortunately, these projects are not very well supported by the students, because, well, there is not much money, but they are a big plus, firstly, students, passionate, passionate, have a peculiar apparatus . they make their control center stand. there are geranium stabilization systems, and they make the satellite so that it flies on the ground, the antenna looks at the ground. here and so flew commands. how to turn around. there it turns around, and hmm, rather harsh conditions, after all, it flies half a turn, say, and in the sun, and there it reaches 150, half a branch flies in the shade. yes, there is minus 150, well, we just give a recommendation to the energy. situations how to put here these there it is possible to put boards here? that is

, we have one service board unit, as we always call it, this is a telemetry transmitter, there are radio link commands, the second. eh, cube - we have batteries. they also need to be protected the temperature is different and the third block is a scientific one where you can put different processors to work out different microcircuits , because this is an experiment, first of all, it ’s quite simple, well, it’s simple all over the world and you can see different ones there, how to study behavior at different temperatures there, if man and all the latest achievements we are planning to make on these satellites and let's give recommendations how the industry can do it now uh, the student sits down and looks. uh, our conversation podcast is ours and got excited. u create your own companion, or enter a group of such students, what should he do? where should he go? where should he write? i recommend it is

a state university course of a state university. here is ryazan well, there are universities, well, in general, there is a lot of information on the sites. this can be found on the energy website. yes, we have it all on the energy website on the university website, and you just need to understand that it is not only done, it is 10% to make it work. but so that he flew into space and adapted, and he entered the flight program. so it is necessary to understand that the spacewalk program , maybe it will saturate the work, there is another task , not the iss. but you can use a passing cargo, which you can also launch with the eastern one, you can also enter this program on the roscosmos website - it is. on hmm of course, than good that we have. first, we can connect the antennas of our iss antenna. and check its

performance and we can battery . we don't know the way out before leaving. maybe there in a month, two or three, it will recharge everything and start it up just before the exit, and then everything will be fine. right here there is an advantage of the iss well, and also visibility , of course it's nice to see artemyev and the lockers there, who are all students of the main you to find contact with you, and then it won't turn out so much. now we have e people who are people involved. in general, everyone knows each other, so it's not a problem, seryozha, let 's dream up. this is how you see a man in space in 50 years. well, yes, 50 years old, beautiful food, because a satellite was launched on the centenary of tsiolkovsky and led this team, which would say today korolev, who was 50 years old. this is how it is the universe loves these 50. and now , i guess, i think that hmm in space, well, on the moon we should definitely be not only because there

are minerals, it takes 3 days to fly there, and everything is fine there and back 3 days. it's all good. but the moon will give us a clue. so, are we lonely in the universe, that is, tsiolkoff said that the universe is teeming with intelligent life, but the moon is such an interesting body hmm, that mmm, perhaps there are some manifestations of the mind that we can get in touch with it and check. i think e everything should develop, but not like this quickly, rather, 50 years ago, not a computer, but phones to me, right now, a terrible breakthrough in technology has existed forever. before that, the 800th generation lived somehow calmly, and then we invented a steam locomotive, radio, rocket planes, all this is developing rapidly.