skye is very direct. there is some kind of universal image of a cat in these meme metaphors. it seems to me that the universal image of a cat is very well described by kipling and a cat that walks by itself, but it is described there, i would say close to ideal, because indeed this image does not become obsolete. she is, by and large , awesome. nanny, she keeps the hearth, but at the same time she walks by herself. that is, she is a little independent of a person, that is, she cooperates with us on a number of conditions, but at the same time she remains, uh, a little isolated. yes, that is, you understand, we like it precisely because of its independence. it seems to me, because there is some kind of mystery in this. that is, it even seems to me that it may have some kind of erotic overtones, because in this case we are also a cat very often in art. but uh, in

comics everywhere superheroes, we have a cat - it's always some kind of creature like that, well, sexy, you know what i mean, and accordingly. we have this image very clearly formed, which, first of all, of course, is something mysterious. this is something that is unattainable. it is something fragile, but at the same time it is something predatory. this is something that you can’t reach, and that you can’t fully know and that’s why it’s just that in our culture , in religious culture, and for different representatives of different faiths, the cat is divided into two, such as the devil ’s cat and they burned people for communicating with cats. in some cultures, cats were considered the devil, and in other people, other cults, they revered the cat as a goddess and one of those animals that help people enter, and in the kingdom of the afterlife, yes, which accompanies us not only throughout our lives, but even further, well, the cypriot, the kitten

is just, uh, a thousand-year-old man , the afterlife world quite right and still it is with us and, accordingly, someone he loves cats very much. that is why, and someone loves cats very much and that is why you understand, and here, as it were, cats throughout its history, as it seems to me personally, this is precisely the duality. it is present and therefore, probably, this image will be contradictory for different people. depending on different cultural perception of personal experience with these animals. but that's what makes it great, because. well, of course, a dog. well, everything is clear with her. there is enough with all due respect to the dogs, but she has the only, as it were , portrait - this is the best friend of man, what else can we say about her, well, cats. you see how many colors of personality she has, these are not russians. it's an acceptance of the fact, because the dog. she is, well, she isn't enigmatic. lord we are on dogs and so much. they put

as much as not a single poor animal yet, probably not a rat, they can’t even boast of. it is necessary with this, and with cats it carries. it's just that we still have a lot of things that have not been studied on cats. so even in veterinary medicine, if we see if there are any drugs that are only for dogs, uh, or guess. what are the other mysterious diseases that dogs have. you probably won't remember it that easily, but cat medicine is just a separate path - it's a separate hmm professional branch. let's say studying this we open a clinic specifically for whom for cats we have, but hmm there are people like me, for example, for psychologists for someone for cats. well, although the dogs are developed anyway, like cats, there is a more specific story that has. much more of their nuances, it seems to me in culture, they, uh, just this, and honored

their attention. that is, how would i leave my mark it is with such a portrait of mystery and dissimilarity that it is something else. well, just envy arises free successful independent sexual lord why am i not a cat, but still they are also comical after all memes - it's often that it's very funny. remember, this great meme about natasha would have dropped dollars, dropped oil, dropped everything. why is the cat very often included in some kind of comic story. well, especially in memes. and not only because, after all, humor is a defensive reaction of the body to almost everything we see in videos. so he starts to run from one corner, then he runs to the shelf to jump on the hanging tv on the wall. this is tv. so he falls and hits his grandmother's favorite vase, then he surprises himself and runs somewhere else. at the same time, the place yells and spins and then gets up and looks at the owner. what will he do about it? well, isn't that funny? yes, he broke half

of the annual budget there, but at the same time it's cool , and how not to laugh at it is understandable. the thing is that people start it. hmm, sort of, well , force it, and they treat it accordingly. well, because we love cats, we are ready to forgive them, even such things someone is not ready, but most people, after all , are probably ready and it turns out that memes arise from here about their behavior about their some funny grimaces and moreover, we project their behavior onto ourselves. that is, we understand that a person will not run like this and, probably, it means destroying everything that got to him, and moreover, this is some kind of violation of social rules, well, he wanted to do something. give him a fuck. you imagine that there will be a dog. if we start destroying everything here in the same way, and the cat can afford it, and in fact, as if this is how it happens and this culture is from here, it gets into memes, and it gets into the song. she

gets into some comics cartoons and anything. well, anyway. we, probably, often endow those qualities with those feelings of our cats that they actually don’t have, they don’t, there is such satisfaction from what they have done or such irony, they have a sense of satisfaction, because they have resources and a sense of satisfaction . it, in principle, underlies all our behavioral reactions. at the heart of everything, no matter how we complicate a person, in fact, with his moral and ethical blah-blah-blah, but with us everywhere it is at the forefront to feel the satisfaction of our needs. and cats have the same thing, in fact, because, as it were, he was already running. yes, here is our figurative cat. he ran, he threw out his physical energy somewhere, and he was satisfied with this and then , most likely, he went to sleep and , accordingly, as it were, but he has a feeling of satisfaction, but at the same time he does not understand that he did something bad for a person, that is, but we

still believe that cats are some psychopaths. they don't understand the meaning. hmm, they no longer understand the meaning of tiredness, but irritability fun or a sense of satisfaction in those around him, that is, he does not project himself onto those around him with low emotional intelligence, but a lack of emotional intelligence. he's not an empath at all, i mean, uh, cats don't feel love in that sense. they do not feel jealousy, or rather, in the understanding that we lay, but accordingly, this is good, because they do not feel envy. they don't feel rage. they don’t want to take revenge on us, they don’t want to set up some kind of bullshit for us, and so on, that is, there may be cats in this can be much more human than people, but on the other hand. they just have personality traits precisely due to the absence of some things that are. from humans and what should we homo sapiense learn from cats? i

don't think it's worth learning from cats. it would probably be silly, but i think that we should communicate with cats. yes, that is , to learn in general through cats to comprehend the world of life around. that is, in the first place, we would need to do a good job, in fact, to understand that not everything around is like us in that plan that we really need to learn to understand cats. but we must learn to understand, and then how they think, and what they want , roughly speaking, so that we can live peacefully together, but because when we try, but to establish a common language with animals. one way or another, we try to communicate with them through the prism of our world of perception of our feelings, yes, our assessments of this world, and so on, but for cats, everything is more straightforward and simpler, and accordingly, when a cat is offered written on the bed, we immediately we think that she is dissatisfied with something she wants there to take revenge, she wants. to recoup us, she, and so on, wind ourselves up, we begin

to dislike her, hate to punish, and so on and so on, people turn to me with this, that is, very often people write that in the sense that a cat purposefully destroys some thing that is dear to me, and it seems to me she wants to avenge me for and was given a list. uh, from one of the guesses of the reasons why the cat wants to punish its owner in one way or another, but no , but, probably not, probably the cat has lost that resource that was previously available. and now she wants him to resume. and to be honest, we just have a pandemic of this, that cats in cities are very deprived of attention, we get a pet and leave it to the production of fate precisely for the reason that we believe that a cat is not a social animal. well, like the fact that we got a cat, and she should behave well. we got her and she should. well, just live with us, but at the same time we forget to give her communication game, we forget to fulfill her

natural needs in the context, not only food, but a good scratching post, but quality toys attention to her, yes, but in the sense that you can not get a cat and not play with it. but it's like getting a dog and not walking it. you understand what, and what i'm talking about, and it turns out that the cat has extremely little of this valuable resource. just play with her for 15-20-30 minutes a day, and she will be much happier than buying the most expensive best in the world, luxury and super. you understand the premium, and it turns out that we very often forget about it. and we just need to learn to understand animals, what they need, what they need to give, and then we will have a higher quality in life, because these animals will be next to us. and they will have a higher quality of life. that we can help you achieve this. it seems to me that cats did not come into this world in vain, and not only

to catch mice. but what else is there to teach us to be people a little, but now it is the main thing. it seems to me that this is exactly what it is, that is , it is easy to be with us and try to improve our mental moral health, and through this, our physical condition. well in in general, thanks to the cats who treat us and educate us. they teach us to be more tolerant more understanding more caring big. thank you for watching or listening to us until next time. schlötdinger code in the podcast. let's talk about complex things simply and about simple things difficult. hello this is a podcast of life and its

leading writer alexei varlamov, and today we will talk with you about the wonderful writer of dramaturgy afanasyevich bulgakov. it is clear that each of us has his own bulgakov , each has his own idea of ​​him, but i want to offer you my reading of his fate. in march 1940, 10 days after the death of bulgakov, the actress of the moscow art theater olga leonardovna, to niper. chekhova wrote to yalta a letter to her barn, maripal not chekhova, and there were such lines buried. we bulgakov thought hard about his talent and his unsuccessful life . moreover, if everything is clear with talent and

bulgakov’s talent, no one will ever doubt subjected, then with an unsuccessful life the situation is probably more complicated, because if we recall the fate of other bulgakov contemporaries akhmatova svyatoyeva platonic after the ball. bulgakov seems not so terrible tragic. but he really felt himself the most unfortunate, the most driven writer in the soviet union. and was it really so, and why did he have such a feeling, that's what i propose to discuss. so mikhail afanasyevich bulgakov was born on may 3, 1891 in the family associate professor kiev theological academy afanasy ivanovich bulgakov and his mother was called varvara mikhailovna pokrovskaya. i’m a maiden name, it’s very important to say here that bulgakov’s ancestors both on

the paternal and maternal lines came from the so-called bell nobles, that is, they belonged to ancient priestly families that went into the depths of russian history and perhaps didn’t exist, but in the history of russian literature perishing, at least in xx century precisely writers with such church roots. this is important because it is this writer. write a novel that many consider roman to be dubious roman heretical the master and margarite bulgakov was the first-born in the family, then six brothers and sisters were born to him. and it was a happy beautiful family. and in general, everything that we know about bulgakov. childhood indicates that it was a good childhood. which , again, is very rare for russian literature and for the fate of russian writers, so in general, whoever you don’t take , as a rule, some family dramas, tragedies of wounds, from which they grew up, and future writers of someone bulgakov in a different way, happy childhood, happy, middle name,

which, however, was overshadowed by the early death of his father afanasy ivanovich died when misha was 15 years old and in fact. after that , such very serious dramatic changes begin in his family and in his own destiny. bulgakov departs from the faith. it will be from the value system of orthodox values ​​in which he was brought up. why is this happening? it seems to me that the reason is here, and not so much some kind of philosophical one. how much purely psychological bulgakov could not forgive his mother for that a few years later is not even summer actually a few months after e death. her husband varvara mikhailovna is getting married for the second time, and her second husband turned out to be the attending physician afanasy ivanovich , who was 7 years younger than her, but nonetheless . she was such an attractive amazing woman that this man married her and mikhail begins a sharp

conflict with both his stepfather and mother. and what is very important. that's with their value system with christianity. this is not happening in soviet times. not during the revolution. it happens during bulgakov's youth perhaps this was one of the reasons. why didn't bulgakov follow in his father's footsteps? he enters the medical faculty of kiev university, which, incidentally, for a russian writer for a future russian writer was such a wonderful traditional thing, you can remember dr. dall, remember dr. chekhov, dr. veresaev, with whom bulgakov would later be friends. you can remember, finally, dr. yuri zhivago. and then bulgakov, being a student, gets married, in general, he will have three wives in total, and the first but they called tatyana tatyana nikolaevna paw with tatyana nikolaevna to him, and you put, perhaps, in the most dramatic, in the most intense, and the first such serious

test that fell to their lot and to the lot of the whole country. it was the first world war and bulgakov takes part in it, and first, as a military doctor, he is sent to the front, and he inherits him. and then. here they are sent to the rear in the smolensk province. and i must say that here in all the vicissitudes. fully tested the life of our hero is this period of service. uh, by the zemstvo doctor, this is perhaps the most tragic most difficult time. and later he will write a wonderful book about this, which is called notes of a young doctor, a book about how his young hero overcomes those difficulties, these come out, as if the winners we are out of those difficult situations, and in which he, it turns out, but in bulgakov’s real life there , however, it was very bad. bulgakov paradoxically , the russian revolution saved mikhail afanasyev’s attitude towards the revolution in general. negative for him. this is just a disaster, but nevertheless the revolution

saved him, because in 1918, when russia concluded the brest peace with germany and withdrew from the first world war. the need to continue his service as a zemstvo doctor but bulgakov disappeared and he was able to return to kiev he again found himself among his friends among brothers and sisters among people close to him, and but this became, as it were, such a main motive for him to live, work, and between that in the very like kiwi dramatic events take place, which subsequently formed the basis of the novel the white guard and, uh, the play turbine days, all these events are well known, uh, which received such fictitious independence following the results of the treaty of brest-litovsk, and ukraine was then under the german protectorate, it was ruled by the skoropad hetman and at the same time on this territory. yes. hmm, such a strong nationalist movement was maturing, led by uh, a former literary critic. uh,

semyon petliura and the petliura troops. at the very end of 1918, when the germans left kiev and the skoropadskys fled with them and together with they ran all the top then. petlyura made an attempt, a successful attempt to capture kiev and the resistance itself, and the russian volunteers, the resistance of the russian yankers , russian officers, who lived in kiev . this is unsuccessful. an attempt to save kiev from the petliurist bows, and all this was experienced by bulgakov, and then formed the basis of the novel, which will be written a few years later, the pyatnirovites did not last very long in kiev. but what is very important they tried to mobilize bulgakov as a doctor. and it was then that mikhail afanasyevich, as it were , was finally convinced that the profession of a doctor was extremely dangerous in the fall of 1919, the whites entered the city and the whites mobilized him.

here it is difficult to say voluntarily he entered the service of them or forced about this historian and biographers. eh, bulgakov is arguing, but the fact remains since the autumn of 1919. bulgakov joins the active army in the volunteer army, but the place of his service turns out to be none, and the north caucasus is where he is sent and it is there that bulgakov takes part in skirmishes. it is there that he accepts himself ending. the decision to leave medicine and take up literature and writes several texts writes several articles and stories of such white guard content his political position. absolutely unambiguous, and he is the enemy, uh, of any nationalism. he is an enemy of any revolution, he is a monarchist, he is a conservative. e. and, of course. eh, now, if it depended on him, then he would not want

no political changes to take place in russia, but political changes, as we know , also took place in february 1920, and the red army knocks out white troops from the territory of the north caucasus where bulgakov was then. and if it depended on mikhail afanasyevich, then , of course, he would go into exile, go into exile, and we talked about the algs as a writer of the russian diaspora along with bunin kuren. aldanov merezhkovsky nabokov and many other remarkable, but russian writers, but this did not happen. he fell seriously ill with typhus and was unable to evacuate with the whites and subsequently. bulgakov could not forgive his first wife, it must be said that she followed him everywhere and everywhere. it's literally like a thread behind a needle. now, he could not forgive her for not taking him out. although, she subsequently told bulgakov's biographers that, and he was dying.

he was between life and death and she couldn’t get him anywhere, that is, bulgakov fell into one state of power and woke up under another, under which, in fact, he and e, life was ahead and he had only 20 more years left to live. here are the remaining 20 years. this is bulgakov's life under the hood, as he himself said, but this is the life of a man who needs there was a lot to do. first, he starts working as a playwright , writes plays that are staged with great success in the theatre. and vladikavkaz, but he understands his scale, he sends several plays to moscow, they don’t get lost somewhere. there is no answer and in 921 he comes to moscow . we all remember very well the beginning of bulgakov's story heart of a dog, yes, which describes the unfortunate dog, the ball, his monologue, cold, hunger there damned bourgeois janitors, which means uh, boiling water, uh pours him. i think in many ways bulgakov describing his own feelings. he came to moscow, he had nothing, no money, no

clothes, no medical profession. he once and for all refused no apartment there was nothing. so he started from scratch, but he was full of energy, and he began to make a career. in general, he was a careerist, in such, well, as it were, a high , deep sense of the word, that is, a person who saw a goal in life and consciously went towards this goal, and from a certain moment it was literature that became this goal for him. uh, just dramaturgy. this is what is in life. he was also attracted to journalism, because he started as a journalist and actually such a literary tool becomes his profession, namely, journalistic activity, he collaborates with several soviet newspapers. and, what is very important, he never tried to mimic. it is clear that these are the early soviet years, it is clear that this is such a revolutionary spirit, which is worn, and above the earth and very many people do not agree with this. yes, they had to somehow adapt to this. bulgakov did not

adapt nowhere and never his talent saved. he was needed by the young soviet republic, like this one, if you want a bourgeois specialist, because he wrote very really cool, besides bulgakov, as i said, he did not like the revolution, he did not like the warrior, he did not like disasters, like people, and therefore the fact that e in the soviet union in soviet russia and in these years, certain changes begin, associated with the introduction of ne. some kind of rollback, if you like, yes, in the eyes of bulgakov, it was the restoration of normal life, so it was such a not very long period, when bulgakov and the vector of soviet development coincided and bulgakov, in general, didn’t go away, when in his essays for the famous berlin newspaper the day before he wrote, he honestly wrote that life in the country, life in moscow , little by little returns to normal. but it is clear that his ambitions were high, and, as it

were, he was content. here is a modest role, a journalist feuilletonist. it was for him that he wrote his wonderful novel, which is called the white guard novel, which he lived in kiev. during these terrible december days, and 1918 and which now with tears of snowiness with pain with love, remembering his home his city his youth, he called these shadows. val these spirits, he sculpted these amazing images and it really turned out perfectly, er, an amazing book about a catastrophe in which people are trying to survive without losing themselves, without losing their honor. eh, keeping my conscience and my mind, and it turned out really, surprisingly deep, surprisingly, bright, interesting book, which can be said to have failed with this book some kind of a very strange thing, only 2/3 of this novel was published in a russian

journal, and after that the journal was closed and bulgakov's novel was left without the attention of readers, without the attention of literary criticism, and of course for mikhail afanasyevich it was a terrible blow, but, but bulgakov's little star. such a rather gloomy, bulgakov star, which hung somewhere in the sky. here she somehow smiled a little and, uh, in the mid -twenties, twenty-four twenty-four. well , how lucky he is, how lucky, because he the novel let not be finished and read at the moscow art theater and there , as if the idea arose, the idea was understood that this novel could be made into a play later bulgakov would describe all this in a theatrical novel and the theatrical novel is real. such a very largely accurate , psychologically convincing accountant's biographical book. here, uh, and the facts that are stated there correspond to reality deeply. you really

came, and the director. uh, mkhata, his name was ilya sudakov a and suggested making a play out of the novel and put on this play. and the moscow art theater would have been extremely pleased with the idea, because in general he had the thinking of a playwright, in general he was such a theatrical person. here is bulgakov with great interest and great enthusiasm. although it is a very difficult task from the big multifaceted novel, where there are many heroes, where the action captures such a large time period to make a play, but he did this play. there, he was forced to cut it down and donate it. e, enlarged, e, united the heroes, but even this, the most, the most important, the most interesting, the most the interesting thing is that this is a play that the moscow art theater began to rehearse. eh, very e, willingly so willingly, that e konstantin stanislavsky who at first belonged.

and he was so rather skeptical about this idea, in general, he didn’t like it, not bulgakov’s novel, not the play that was written, he liked the performance and the most difficult thing that awaited, but the theater was to defeat censorship to overcome censorship and stanislavsky. this succeeded, and one way or another , in the fall of 1926, a miracle happened when on the stage of the moscow art theater a performance was released, which was called turbine days, the success was colossal and there was a colossal negative wave on the part of soviet criticism, which could not understand anything, well, simply could not understand how, in the ninth year of soviet power , the best theater in the soviet union could go these are the unfinished white guards and not in the form of some kind of boorish bastards. eh, hooligans are subhuman, but nice , pleasant, charming, beautiful people. this is what caused outrage. it caused. just some anger some just an avalanche of articles,

and everyone was convinced that this avalanche would crush. bulgakov will crush the theater, as if he will throw this play off the stage, but nothing happened , the performance went on every other day. it was impossible to get into the sunshel and i must say that after that bulgakov's life changed a lot in all respects in the material , which was very important for him, and he really almost completely changes his lifestyle, another apartment, other habits, other clothes, and even another wife more such a brilliant society woman. her name was love evgenievna belozerskaya and she perfectly corresponded to such a period of bulgakov's. takeoff. this is generally a very important point, because we are accustomed to perceive the fate of mikhail afanasyevich as the fate of such an exceptionally unfortunate writer , hunted down by soviet criticism, soviet censorship, and soviet power. this is only partly true, but there were gaps in bulgakov's life. such a gap was quite long in the mid-twenties, when

the play of the day of the turbine was on, when then the play of the zoy entered the theater of vakhtang, at the apartment too very interesting work on the topic of the soviet moscow nep and in the chamber theater. there was a wonderful one, which was called crimson island. is it hard to tell if you knew or not? soviet criticism and did bulgakov himself know that the reason for his invulnerability in quotation marks was none other than joseph stalin stalin loved the theater loved classical literature and the theater also loved the classic loved the moscow art theater and now stalin liked the play where the turbines liked him anyway bulgakov was patron and there was an illusion that it would always be like this, but it did not last very long in 1928 the year such the first bell sounded was banned, and the performance, or rather the play that the moscow art theater began to rehearse, bulgakov’s favorite play, run, but, nevertheless , bulgakov’s three other plays were going on and when, at the very end

of 1928, stalin received an indignant letter from a group of soviet playwrights, with with such a cry as long as the anti-soviet play is on the stage of the best theater in the country, stalin replied by the author of this letter. that you first learn to write, like comrade bulgakov, but nevertheless it literally takes two or three month and in february 1929 , an order suddenly follows to remove all bulgakov 's performances and for a long time historians, literature, could not understand at all what kind of fly bit stalin, and only during perestroika a very curious literary document surfaced. it was a transcript of stalin's meeting with a group of ukrainian writers, and and in this program, ukrainian writers simply in black and white, told stalin remove the play the days of the turbine, as an anti-ukrainian play and it's hard to give in to stalin , whether bulgakov knew or not, e about this situations. well, here, what is curious at

this particular time in 1929, bulgakov's idea for the future novel the master and margarita arises, and the master and margarita often argue there waves. this is stalin, not stalin, as it seems to me, this triangle. yes , there is a ruler, there is not a person with whom he sympathizes, and there is a third force that hates this person and requires the ruler to punish yes pilate yeshua the sanhedrin. it seems to me that a drawing of stalin bulgakov and this is the ukrainian delegation, which demanded that bulgakov be removed. this is psychologically, what then lies down. e, in the basis of this one here, and the ancient ancient storylines, and the novels the master and margarita , one way or another, bulgakov turned out to be in the truest sense of the word a broken trough, but so far he has not let go of his hands. he worked, and he writes a play, which was called the kabbalah of the holy, the action takes place in france of the 17th century and its main character, it turns out,

is the playwright jean-baptiste, whom molière simply adored. here he is writing this play, bringing it to you at the moscow art theater and to your house. they don't even want to consider rehearsing it for a very simple reason, no matter how bulgakov tried to immigrate to the past or to another country, the ears of modernity stuck out of this play, and it was clear to everyone that this story, which is called the artist and power. and bulgakov realized that he did not understand at all. what to do? that's what what to do next in life you are not printed. you are not put. you don't have any work and waiting for you, as he later writes in a letter. ah, the street of death, there is no account in the letter, in which letter to stalin, again, how does bulgakov decide to write such a letter steel, well, in which we lay all our grievances and ask at the end of this long, such a feverishly excited letter, he stalin from two things means, let me go abroad. or give me some work here and otherwise i just died stalin and he

answered, and stalin answered him. all this happened in april 1930, and april 18 was good friday, which is interesting, and in bulgakov's apartment, uh, the bell rings, this is stalin saying, unfortunately, we do not have a transcript of this conversation. and to say exactly what stalin bulgakov talked about we we can not know the content of this conversation from the memoirs of two women, the second wife, bulgakov and lyubov evgenievna, and here is the future third wife, and elena sergeevna a. but if you try to summarize, the meaning was such that stalin asked, are you not very tired, comrade bulgakov, and further into this game, unfortunately, we don’t know this exact dialogue, but then stalin seems to be asking. bulgakov so why do you still want to go abroad, or, apparently, stalin shot the conversation like that. and

besides, it was very unexpected for bulgakov he did not expect this call and bulgakov's phrase. well, such a beautiful patriotic patriotic one, who will argue with her, but the meaning of the phrase was such that i thought a lot. now i realized that the place of a russian writer is in russia, but i have nowhere to work , nothing to eat. and where would you like to work, comrade bulgakov but at the moscow art theater, but they don’t take me there. and you call there again, comrade. bulgakov bulgakov calls you the next day the moscow art theater tells him, where do you go there? come soon, there is a passport agreement data dreamed tin everything means we sign e, draw up so, since 1930, mikhail bulgakov , who had previously been such a freelance freelance artist, speaks modern language. he becomes an employee of this state corporation, which was called the moscow art theater and his life is very