this time, pushkin is sent into exile in mekhanevsky, in fact, this imprisonment is doubly offensive for him, that he is sent under the supervision of his own father. you just forgot. what is a weather forecast, because it makes no sense. if you've never gotten wet to the skin on your way to work, then you're not a real ecuadorian. how much do you grow like this per day, cut off, yes, 350 roses, they cut off in an hour for sure, you don’t need gloves. you don't hesitate. oh, don't just tell the boss, i forgot my gloves at home, and i local taught. how to hide your phone. they hide their phones. here you can imagine, and this is how they walk. and what is it, and this is your second. meet the woodworm - they said you need to take a lemon with your hand. they said life is better than others premiere on sunday at

the first and always on one tv point ru that's an amazing thing that's the transformation that takes place with pushkin in the russian countryside. it really is. here is the story of a man, yes , a young man who was brought up, well, in such a european spirit, yes, who is beautiful knew european literature, the french language, who was fascinated by, uh, european ideas, liberal ideas in many ways, which were close to him, which resonated in his heart, which was fond of byron, uh, who sympathized with the greek uprising, who dreamed of escaping from russia to see italy here instead of all this , this man turns out to be in the village. and there in the village pushkin becomes a genius. it is precisely there in the village that, perhaps, that

work is created, after which it can be said that pushkin is a sensualist pushkin is a romantic. pushkin carried away by passions and emotions. whirlwind of feelings. pushkin becomes a thinker he writes the greatest work of russian literature tragedy boris godunov remember when he wrote it, he exclaimed aida pushkin ay yes son of a bitch. that is, he says something about this exclamation, this is actually a very deep thing and a very deep recognition . russian history into russian soul, and into the russian head into the russian consciousness appeared this is the same uh, a tragedy in which pushkin poses the most important questions of life, in which pushkin acts as

a philosopher, he is 25 years old. he is still a boy, especially if we talk in modern times, and yet. he creates this work, written from strictly orthodox positions, in fact, strictly christian positions. with that e in my life in my upbringing in my experience. pushkin was at that time still very, very far from christianity, but pushkin's talent ahead of ahead, as it seems to me , even here, this is the most important concept in pushkin's fate in pushkin's life. this was what he called music. and what goes back, of course, to his lyceum youth and all we remember these wonderful lines from the eighth chapter of eugene onegin a, which begins like this in those days when in the gardens of the lyceum. i serenely flourished read willingly, i did not read the apuleius from cicero in those days in the mysterious

valleys in the spring , at the cliques of swan plants shining in silence, the muse appears i got this music that appeared to pushkin to the young pushkin and who, as we remember , then he writes how it changed its appearance. so she accompanied him everywhere, and how she turned into, in the end, mikhailovsky, this humble, and provincial young lady with a book in her hand, of course, such a guiding star, which was in e, his fate, which meant extremely much to him and this fate led him precisely this way, from moscow to st. petersburg through the south to mikhailovskoye . although he had been to mikhailovskoye before, it's one thing when he was pressed there in his youth of his own free will, and quite another when he was imprisoned there. but this confinement is psychologically difficult and unbearable for him. but, apparently, it was it that created, that tension created, that necessary friction between his soul and the circumstances

in which he was, which, uh, contributed to the fact that, firstly , an interest in deep serious reading came to him, because he reads the bible he reads karamzin he reads shakespeare but creates something absolutely his own something original yes dedicated to the precious memory of nikolai mikhailovich karamzin but this is pushkin this is real this is genuine. and pushkin and this is, uh, history. eh, a king who came to power by stepping over blood despite the fact that we do not know. was it really so in russian history, but pushkin wrote so, and then the same thing will happen, but in mozart and salier. here is this pushkin's view of some historical events, historical figures that transform them. and at least in the literature it is absolutely true. they uh make them legal do, as it were, facts of our life and uh

of our culture. and everything he touches turns out to be incredibly deep, it turns out incredibly, and talented and incredibly diverse, because in parallel with this he writes eugene onegin , this famous novel, in verse, which has no analogues in russian literature in world literature. i don’t think that roman is also extremely interesting in that, unlike many other pushkin works that were created, well, for some fairly limited period of time, but eugene onegin was written for many years, as we know, yes, pushkin began to write it back in the southern exile, but the north is harmful for me and stopped writing when i was already in moscow and then moved to st. petersburg and the boldin autumn itself. here is this new period in his life. a new turn in his life is also extremely important. yes, when circumstances,

and the cholera plague locks the poet. uh, in the village of boldino, this phenomenon is born, which we all know, yes, which is called boldino autumn, and where pushkin creates, a his brilliant works e and elements little tragedies e and belkin's tales and ends ends and eugene onegin and ends with yes, as we remember eugene onegin open ending, but there are beautiful words. anna akhmatova evgenia onegin ends with pushkin getting married and actually pushkin's marriage is another such, amazing one, and our interest never ceases to arouse our attention, and our disputes are a moment in his biography, because very many do not like natalya nikolaevna very many believe that pushkin's marriage was

unsuccessful and he would have to marry some other woman, and these, and such zealous attacks on natalya nikolaevna, come from people of the highest degree of respectable, because they spoke badly and babbled tsvetaeva and naperf and ranevskaya in diary faina ranevskaya's notes simply show how she boils with indignation. it would seem that she is natalia nikolaevna who lived 100 years ago, but nevertheless. here faina georgievna is simply overwhelmed with hatred for this woman, but suppose okay, this is a female, but let's take the male half, and vikente vikentievich. veresaev is a remarkable russian soviet writer of the first half of the 20th century. the author of such a wonderful monumental work, which is called pushkin in life, but writes somewhere there. what if pushkin had paid attention not to goncharova, who, of course, was a beauty, but such an empty

beauty and who crossed the road, perhaps much more worthy, and pushkin would have been happy with the girls, and the dandy wrote the same thing , in pavel yeltsevich they clicked in such wonderful pushkin. a researcher a-a duel. pushkin but boris pasternak answered all of them perfectly, and pasternak wrote. so pushkin didn’t have to marry goncharova, she flaunted everything in our further pushkin studies, and then he would have lived to this day, then he would have written five continuations of eugene onegin, then he would have written another poltava, but pasternak goes on to say that that he would not have understood such a pushkin, and it was precisely the pushkin who loved natalya nikolaevna for whom she was a wonderful wife. here. this is pushkin the real pushkin is genuine. we continue.

this is a podcast. life is wonderful with you, i am the writer alexei varlamov, and today we are talking about pushkin well. it is known that this exile to mikhailovskoye, which could have turned into an indefinite term for pushkin , but it ended, as we remember, with the fact that tsar nikolai wished to meet pushkin even after this meeting, which took place in moscow in september 1826. the tsar said that today he was talking to the smartest person, and in russia pushkin really was, and it seems to me. here it was with this seriousness, with this thoroughness, with this depth, that he treated his family life, and natalya nikolaevna, like no one else, corresponded to the role of his wife, another thing is that in the thirties of the thirties of the xix century, after pushkin married him. begins to change and

change, in a sense, not for the better . the fact is that in the twenties yes, in the period of pushkin's romanticism in the period of ruslan and lyudmila of the same eugene onegin and the poems of the southern poems, pushkin, as it were, coincided with his time and coincided with his society, who appreciated him, caressed him, who declared him the best poet of russia and who, in general, expressed this gratitude , including in money. if i may say so, because pushkin earned quite a good salary as a professional, while a writer in the thirties, his personal family and professional situation changes dramatically. and pushkin has a family. pushkin has children. yes, he is a father of many children. he has four children plus natalya nikolaevna had a very caring sister and her two sisters who did not come out. what else do they live married, uh,

in her house and everything. this requires expenses. and she herself loves balls. she loves beautiful clothes, and he also loves his wife to be beautiful as well. all this requires very large, and monetary costs. this is important when we speak. about pushkin, the truth is important. i remember being amazed. here. i love to read pushkin's letters, because his letters to friends letters to zhenya are letters. there's no way to officials somehow this amazing variety of styles. this abyss of humor feel respect. and so you just see when you read these letters, but some element humiliation is not humiliation. you understand in what cramped circumstances this man was, who in the thirties writes, and the captain's daughter of the bronze horseman, but writes his fairy tales absolutely amazing. yes, we understand how bad it is. eh, it took shape, and his life as far as his income.

his expenses fell, and how it required him to change his life to enter the service, which was disgustingly unpleasant for him, and yet he went to all this for the sake of his family, because for pushkin creativity is at home creativity of his family creativity of his children, whom he infinitely loved his wife. it was no less important for him than literature, and this explains a lot in e his tragic finale, but at the same time, they say pushkin's housekeeping, it is perhaps difficult to name a poet in russia at that time who would travel more than pushkin it's just that if you take a map of russia. by the way, i never dreamed of being abroad, but i never had the only one, probably, the moment was, in my opinion, the year 1829 or 830, when he takes a trip to wars.ru, yes, and this is the territory of today's turkey, then

it was armenia and military operations were going on there. pushkin goes there to the caucasus and writes, then absolutely wonderful travel essays, but the russian army went ahead. and pushkin never ended up, but abroad, but nevertheless he was in the north in the south. and when he wrote the history of pugachev, he traveled all the way to the urals to orenburg, how many times did he travel from e? moscow to st. petersburg yes, to mikhailovskoye in boldina, and this map of pushkin's travels and the elements, dedicated to travel. this is all his ability to turn every fact of his life into his life , turn every moment of his life into creativity. this is always a surprisingly enviable fate, the fate of a person who has not lived a very long life, in which the feeling of such nothing has been lost. in vain , and even the melancholy that sometimes attacked him, even the blues, yes. here is this spleen with

whom he generously shared with onegin, although he emphasized to eugene onegin that he is always ready to emphasize his difference. yes, its difference from its hero, but you can still assume he knew it. this is also some amazing feature of this man, a man in the highest degree free, a man who changed, who developed , and if for e young pushkin the ideals of political freedom were extremely important yes, and this movement of freedom, from which he never refused, is very interesting, but which gradually takes the form of inner freedom but even when he understands that the most important thing is freedom is inside a person, even then he will write in his famous testament poem in poem is a monument, which we all know again. we all learned at school and will be kind to those for a long time. i tell the people that good feelings about what in my cruel age i led the freedom and

mercy to the fallen called. and this is really important too. pushkin's mercy pushkin's compassion pushkin's kindness, which underlay his nature and which underlies his artistic world. this is also some very instructive and very saving feature. here i started with the block that i wrote here is this great article, cheerful light name of pushkin in 1921 and look further. here is this terrible split that occurred then in russian life, and in russian culture in russian literature and the thirties, when it was the centenary of the death of pushkin and, on the one hand, in immigration.

children go to the gymnasium and on the wall, probably, there is a portrait of tsar emperor nicholas ii, maybe some other portraits and read pushkin russian soviet children go to school where portraits of lenin stalin hang and read pushkin but this is all-encompassing. pushkin this is it absolute organic. here is the presence of pushkin in every moment of russian history. this is also extremely important. well, it's extremely reassuring. here in the same terrible year in 1937, when, for example, tsvetaeva, wrote in paris, here is my famous pushkin andrey platonov here in the soviet union in moscow on tverskoy boulevard. where the literary institute is now. wrote a wonderful article pushkin, our comrade. and although it is very important here this opposition of tsvetaevskaya, my individual pushkin and platodovskaya soviet our comrade, nevertheless less, both pushkin, therefore, pushkin

really appears as some kind of ideal. these gogol words, but that pushkin is both there, i don’t remember the exact quote, but we all remember the meaning, uh, the type of person who will appear in 200 years. well, yes, 200 years have passed, apparently, gogol made a mistake with the calculations and , uh, this type of person is now. eh, hardly in russian life? and you can find it, but as the same andrey platonov pushkin again said , ordinary people would not leave us, and this is the feeling of pushkin's closeness. it is really very it is worth a lot and all of us should just be congratulated on what we have. pushkin that everyone has their own pushkin everyone has their favorite books. i really love pushkin's prose belkin's tales simply, forcing them to re-read. there, every year, several times already almost learned by heart, probably, but every time it intercepts the throat. yes, in some places remember.

pushkin, when e wrote a story about belkin, in a letter to vyazemsky , in my opinion, he said that e or baratynsky i don’t remember exactly which of his friends, when i read these stories, he whinnied and beat with a hoof. so i'm ready to admit that in these estates there is an awful lot of, probably, funny parade, but from my point of view , there is much more touching in a snowstorm. yes, when the burmin falls at the feet of mara gavrilovna, over whom he so unsuccessfully played a joke and says, so it was you or the young ladies of the peasant woman, when alexei berestov runs into this room already at the end of this story and the story and a liza kulina. lisa da reads reads his letter, where he confesses his love. peasant woman and asks for her hand and sees a noble girl in front of him. and by the way, it is amazing how this echoes the eighth chapter of eugene onegin, where in the same way onegin writes a letter to tatyana and goes to her in the same way, and she reads this letter into the room, but if in eugene onegin a this

letter is the last way out of relations and after that a gap follows, then in a young peasant woman, which was almost the same created in the same boldin, and this is a scene, it is their prologue, and the future e joint family life or , for example, which is still amazing in pushkin as e, in the same young peasant woman a noblewoman, dressed in peasant clothes. it's funny. it's vaudeville, and a few years later pushkin wrote the captain's daughter. and there is a noblewoman. masha mironova will be forced to change into a peasant dress when, uh , the belogorsk fortress, uh, is captured by pugachev's gangs , because only a peasant dress can be hers. salvation from pugachev is this pushkin's world, which is so whimsically so mysteriously so mysteriously so surprisingly arranged pushkin about which we argue is more important for some, relatively speaking, the liberal principle, which is present in

his work for others, perhaps much more important than the beginning connected with the ideas of the state, how relevant it sounds, but this famous poem to the slanderers of russia, which is so often repeated today, and because of which, by the way, pushkin even then received a lot of criticism from his e not only opponents, but also from his friends, who did not understand him and did not agree with him, but notice that he did not quarrel with them, and they did not quarrel with him. this is respect for someone else's point of view. this is acceptance, uh, it’s from someone else’s point of view extremely important and the last thing i would like to say in this connection. remember pushkin. i love andrei tarkovsky's film very much. the mirror, if you remember, in the mirror there is such a wonderful moment when the boy is gnat, yes, the son of the protagonist, finds himself in such an incomprehensible apartment in the center of moscow there, then such

a bush burns in the yard, well, of course, such an illusion of brilliance, and , and the woman gives this boy a letter to read pushkin's letter to chaadaev this is the famous letter in which pushkin argues chaadaev with chaadaev's view of russian history as a failed history. yes, as a story that did not happen, precisely because this story is not european, because we found ourselves fenced off from europe and pushkin does not agree with him. pushkin just recalls some key moments, and russian history speaks about its tsars and speaks about important events. eh talks about the tatar-mongol invasion, thanks to which europe was saved and the most important words that are in this letter are words that, in a sense, can be considered our national idea, our credo if you remember the words

that sound something like this, and as a person with prejudice, i am insulted pushkin writes that he doesn’t like much in modern life, and he lives, but for nothing in the world. i would not want to change the fatherland or have a different history than the one that god gave us. and this is probably the most important thing, that in pushkin there was, will be and remains pushkin is really our comrade. and pushkin really will never leave us ordinary people. thank you. it was a podcast. life wonderful writer alexei varlamov was with you and we talked today. both alexander sergeevich pushkin

hello this is a podcast of eisenstein's witnesses and its host film historians natalya ryabchikova and stanislav dinsky, we talk about who and how created and watched the cult famous little-known forgotten soviet films. this is the school of the moviegoer, where we reveal the secrets of the kenarchives and tell. why watch soviet cinema now, how to better understand it, how to find new meanings in it and get the most out of it. and today we will talk about films that were created and watched during the great patriotic war. stanislav how it all started, how we enter this topic, how we enter this concept of military cinema. well, i must say that as soon as, uh, the country found out that the great patriotic war had begun, and a mass initiative from below begins, including among filmmakers , and the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bcreation arises. well, in general,

the economics of an expediently justified film product that can be made in the current conditions that add up quickly, yes, because after all, there is filming, as we know, this is usually a long process, especially a feature film. you need to approve the script. here you need to approve the actors to build the scenery and so on. in general, it can take half a year and a year or even more for some graphic artists, after thinking , decide what needs to be filmed. short films as quickly as possible, and as soon as possible to release them on the screen, so that, well, in addition to the newsreels that went on there so endlessly, how are the preparations for front and about it all, we will also talk about a separate professional ford of cameramen. this is a separate interesting topic that continues to be explored in our time. and more and more. we know how biographies are, but then in june of the forty-first year, and a decision is made with the filing of an initiative. and some graphic artists to shoot the so-called combat film collections, collections of footage, which will consist of

stories. but small ones, and there 10-15 minutes, yes, and tell some well-accessible, but in simple language stories about what is happening in the rear and at the front. let's look at fragments from the combat collection number 9, which just now clearly shows how it was. wait. who are you me? pole quarter number 14 searches unsuccessfully unpin the quarter. tell that if in an hour it is not issued, then every tenth and so on. thank you for everything, goodbye. goodbye. uncle one minute. don't worry, i'll just show him how to get through the gate let's go, in fact, action movies on collections were not the first war films that came out on

screen, because before it all began to be collected in full-length. yes, these very collections came out one short film, which was incredibly important, it was released already in july in the forty-first year. chapaev is with us. this is an example of how cinema. well, as a kind of phenomenon. yes, in our life it takes popular heroes. in particular. here. they took. chapaev chapaev in the film of the early thirties, as we know, was dying at the end of the tape was not clear, but here we are told unequivocally chapaev and chapaev are with us. won't you take it?

come on, come on quickly. finally , vasily ivanovich was waiting for you here, they thought, you won’t swim out, if chapaevna doesn’t swim out. it seems to me that greta is like footage, but the canons of social realism are breaking down on the soviet screen, because we see really mass cinema, well , in which, as it were, two universes, two multiverses collide or merge into one. why did they take chapaev at all, why was it possible to do it a little, it seems like in the series sherlock sherlock dies, and then returns, we don’t know much about

how the audience actually watched movies in the thirties, but we know that the boys ran to watch chapaev dozens of times, because there was a rumor that somewhere in one of the cinemas. chapaev still comes up with the final. yes, so that it emerges after 7 years and is embodied and it’s good that boris babkinkin returns, like chapaev, moreover, the director , but another director here vladimir petrov did peter i, and the first film was made by the vasiliev brothers, and they appear in military film collections in the same way by any characters from the thirties years. e, for example, maxim performed by boris chikov. only they come back from other directors. it's so interesting how the directors take, and their favorite character , which was embodied by their other colleagues and themselves like that, and such a cameo, but they take it and it turns out, really the universe, and other soviet movie heroes who

are all found in one of some kind of interesting such , well dangerous world. there, of course, there are different plots, there are plots on the theme of some foreign life. yes czechoslovaks. poland is also going where, and these struggles are fascist underbelly. here is how in this assembly block nine there are plots from which we have at the front, but in many respects, of course, on the one hand. we say goodbye to the poster style, but the drawing begins on the screen and there are no more halftones here. everything is pretty here. clearly transparent others are built, there are our good enemies and there are bad ones. no more gray areas for me. well, at least in the first years in the forty-first in the forty-second , then we begin to perceive it a little differently, but what else is on the screens. so you woke up on the morning of june 23 and looked what's on in cinemas. the film alexander nevsky immediately returns to the screens, which was shot by sergei mazenstein, and one of our favorite heroes. actually. e, in the thirty-eighth year, it was filmed at the moment when

german aggression is growing and in e, the plot, which is absolutely about ancient russia yes and the middle ages , nevertheless, there are references to e, these knights . yes, of course, uh, the film is being made, and then a pact is made by a young child and germany is no longer an enemy. but a certain ally removes the film from the screen eisenstein makes the opera at the bolshoi theater to pavar, but in june the forty-first film instantly returns to the screens and gets a real second life, because this image of nevsky yes, and especially in the finale of the film, turns out to be in tune with incredible go and tell everyone in foreign lands that russia is alive . let them visit us without fear. but if whoever enters us with a sword, celebrate,

he will perish. on that stands and will stand the russian land. it is interesting that, when this film is taken at 30, almost nothing is known about nevsky, never during the war are introduced order of alexander nevsky is the image on the order. this is not some medieval image. and this is actually a stylized nikolai cherkasov in the role of nevsky it seems to me that this is the connection between screen cinema and real life. it's absolutely straight here. and, of course, there were films that were made before the war, for example. in the summer of the forty-first year in july in august. there is a color film in moscow. the little humpbacked horse. it was just taken down. this is one of the first soviet color films. the first color film is a fairy tale. and in in five moscow cinemas in august 1941 you can watch how

gorbunka comes out in september, uh, masquerade, masquerade , which they call the song of the pre-war linfilm the swan, because sergei gerasimov finished shooting the film adaptation of lermontov on june 21, 41 and 22. they were supposed to show it ready. naturally, this did not happen. the film was sent by plane to moscow , and the negative plane was shot down. they had to, uh, take positive positive copy. yes, and the so-called counterative is already doing with it, that is, the second negative and from this negative already make new copies, that is, the film may disappear altogether. so they disappeared. in fact, many leningrad films are those that were shot in the twenties, because after the evacuation of the partial alinfilm, there were some things. e, they are buried, for example, yes, well, so that incendiary bombs do not come across, because it must be recalled that at this time the film is still extremely combustible and if a spark gets there

, everything can simply burn out, therefore, in moscow, i buried films in the yard in the boom, as it is considered, they dug the bezhin meadow and did not dug it up this legend is the same as the films that were buried before the revolutionary filmmakers and entrepreneurial producers. yes, before they left for emigration, they also buried them in their yard at the studio, and then when these films were taken out, it turned out that they had all rotted away. our task was to fill the entire flight program and conclude the landing without a ship on a parachute, all the cosmonauts from the first detachment knew that they would not necessarily eject, that they had no other way to land. petr ivanovich dolgov was appointed commander this is his workplace, the second pilot, nowhere nikolayevich andreev, he was located. here he pulled out the handle from the console and ejected his jump was very risky, because he, in principle, could lose consciousness. i am already looking at a height

of 19,000 m. at this height, the fall occurs at the highest speed. this minus 50-60 - 70 is much more than a person without special equipment can endure just admiring this person, because the height is 24.000 700, compensating for the suit. it's not just a feat. now that would be crazy bounce. from space on friday on pervy i remind you that this is a podcast of eisenstein's witnesses where we are film historians natalya ryabchikova and stanislav devinsky talk about who and how created and watched classic well-known little-known forgotten soviet films in addition to people who were engaged in feature films, but there were people who made the newsreel. as a matter of fact, which were filmed by combat front-line cameramen, and then it was collected in film magazines, which were shown before each session. actually. here are your news. they

you were at the cinema in the same way. like in the newspaper or on the radio. well, i still remember, even in my childhood, when you come to the cinema, and whether you will have a movie show , it begins with newsreels. actually. this has always been the case since the dawn of cinema. the feature film session always pretended to be the release of some kind of documentary with a story about the events of the last days of the last month. yes, here in this case the main news, of course, we have only. events at the front and the attention of all e spectators who lead to see. but what happens there? yes, because we see footage directly from the front lines. yes of course, of course, this is not the whole truth, as they would say , yes, but what should still in many ways encourage people in the rear to somehow cheer up. yes, there are no stories here, or maybe heavy defeats about how

things really are, but there is a story that gives hope. well, here it must be said that, firstly, and military operators, they appear before the start of the great patriotic war, they are in the spring, and forty the first year he forms such a small brigade, and out of three, in my opinion, a person who should be with the army in the field, and uh, this is such a presentation, or something front-line operators, and then, and it’s clear that in june forty-first there are very many geographers are either called up to the front, or sent to the militia, a. or they want to volunteer. yes, and let's say, a lot of geek operators who have not yet completed the course go to the front. exactly, like operators and not everything that they shoot then uh, immediately shown. yes, sometimes it's chronic. sometimes this is collected in longer full-length documentaries, which begin to appear at the same time as the already fascist german troops near moscow. these are, of course, later works, but

are based precisely on the work of cameramen. e for the previous years , and in general a film chronicle is being formed or for the patriotic war, and which are constantly used and it is clear that these are often shootings at the risk of life, and historians have tried to calculate the number of dead front-line operators. firstly, they tried to read how many of them there were and for a long time believed that somewhere, but 250,260 were found quite recently in the 21st century. editing lists of the recording what was filmed? yes and they restored it according to these records. how many people made these recordings and it turned out that more than three hundred operators, plus hundreds more people who were part of the front-line groups. that is, there were directors, not only sound operators, directors. yes, it happened and sound filming. and we still don’t really know exactly how many there were. let's see an example of work when emperors.

locksmiths and teachers artists from the calebara join the extermination squads in the worker battalions. this film was the defeat of the german fascist troops near moscow . stalin personally controlled it in the thirties, he was the main

viewer of soviet cinema, and practically everything that was done in soviet studios. he looked. uh, edited the script, changed the title, removed the directors, and so on. and this film, although hmm , he had other concerns later on, he moved away from , let's say, often watching a movie. and this one he really edited the film and, for example, cleaned it. uh, too wordy. here 's the voice-over. even here it was noticeable that we hear more brown music. yes, we are watching. actually, apparently, these shots than they tell us something, and this, of course, was one of the reasons. why this movie was so successful so popular it was shown while sold to america. there, it’s true that there are other names in the refurbished versions for american distribution, but this film received an oscar, that is, and , of course, the masters of operators were also awarded, because they really are.