by the way, here we have a slipway, on it the satellite is slowly going up , the specialists brought the device, screwed the next device. they came to the in-line assembly of the conveyor, and now it became clear that behind a single satellite platform that will simplify this assembly, the future is behind it, and now roscosmos has quietly set such a task. yes, he set the task, because it is really necessary and it was set on time, and an enterprise is being created in china and there are already quite a few who are working on the platform. and already the stuffing is already depending on what this satellite will do, and that is such a transition, in my opinion. this is one of the most important tasks that musk has solved, and, accordingly, the return of the first stage. he showed that it is possible to put cosmonautics on a stream of rocket launches again, and yes, now it is spacex that launches more than any

other space power, in principle, one company that has put rocket launches on stream. you remember how he started to launch his rockets. i remember very well the very first falcon, which was never flew, normally and falcon 9, which began and then there was a huge amount of controversy. it will not work out. yes, and now we do not know everything about the profitability of some of his projects. uh, most likely, these will already be historians after studying. they'll say it was great. it's not. now the question is different whether he will succeed with the elder or not. we are all watching this, because this is the most ambitious task to create a super-heavy fully returnable rocket. yes, she returns in two parts. super heavy. ah, the first step. and senior second step, but nonetheless. this is, in principle, there the dream of humanity, which it has been from the very beginning. flights or el,

so that what took off and returned in the same way i was lucky. i was just uh on boca chica. eh, i saw how it is going. the most important thing for me is that i was surprised there is no sterilization. they just bring blocks in the fresh air, they are assembled. there's a special tower there, uh, that we filed. at the very top, they promised that there would be some fancy restaurant in the future at the time, i think there were nine or 10 in total let them all be unsuccessful, but uh the person who told us ambitiously said 2 years ago that the rocket would fly there in a month or two and there would already be singapore somewhere in some 20 something then minutes there to half an hour. that is, it turns out that, with cosmic speed , up to 100 people will be able to travel around the planet. moreover, it will only be necessary to put this farm, which is very simple to put on any place, yes, it will be a landing site, in principle, the project is very good not

i know how much a ticket would cost. uh, and how quickly these 100 people will be recruited to board this rocket. i'm just suborbital flights. these are the flights. well, for example, from new york in australia or from moscow to south america. i'm very very skeptical here, because there are many issues that are not certain that it will be possible to solve. the pad from which he kicked off using over on as airplane analogue. let it be very fast under a very big question, 44. yes, well, yes. uh, well, the concordes and the tu-144 are extinct. they just showed that the price of a ticket is even two or three times higher. this is already a lot and people are not ready to overpay this money in order to arrive a few hours faster , here it turns out a little more, on

the one hand, time savings, but on the other hand, the ticket price will already be much higher , unless you can boast later, that you were behind the line, pocket or yes i was there and became cosmonauts therefore as a suborbital variant. i don’t really believe in this, as a variant of a super-heavy rocket, if he manages to implement it in the version in which he suggests it now, it will really be a very, very breakthrough technology , the ability to launch a super-heavy rocket into space more than 120-140 t at low earth orbit and return the same rocket back in order to prepare it for the next launch. this is a lot and very much. it can change the global alignment of astronautics in general. and there, environmentally friendly fuel stands next to the plant, which is all very quickly refueling it there for some minutes, too , up to minutes of full refueling, rockets go. well, for now , this is their prospect, as long as it turns out to be refueling and it takes longer

to bring a fairly large number of trucks there for refueling, and they refuel it. therefore, so far everything is not as rosy as it is told by soap, but also in theory. it's really. could be a really cool project. we know that he is now closely engaged in flights to the moon. first the ship, without astronauts, circled the moon all successfully, the next next year will already be with the crew, ice and then landing on the moon. uh, let's talk about the lunar programs and then, well, let's touch on mars, the lunar program has begun. uh, from the fact that we have announced that he will return to the moon. uh, roskosmos was invited. unfortunately, do not go partners. and how the soup contractors roskosmos refused and we are often in general in this program. uh, what do you know about the american program to our full extent and the chinese one, of course, let's start with americans announced it in 2019 in

2021? uh, they have already seriously said that a landing on the moon will take place in 2024, as it is now clear, 2024 is very close, the date has crawled away to the twenty-fifth this year, most likely it will change to 2026. and what is needed to fly to the moon a superheavy rocket spacecraft, to fly to the moon , to return back to slow down the landing module in the atmosphere, to land on the moon and return back to the ship and a spacesuit. we still need cosmonauts, but with this, uh, both the united states and russia are doing great. problems. no. eat people are motivated cool professionals and i don’t know such people, but with the rocket, too, the usa turned out that everything is fine there is the sls that they had been doing. by that time, it had been more than 8 years and there was just a little bit left to finish, this brainchild. boeing - this is the remnant of the constellation program at the beginning of the 2000s,

which was closed by barack obama sls, in principle, are now ready. she has already flown once, but she still needs to complete an additional second stage so that she can output more, and it is required just to bring the orion ship to the desired orbit. orion ready with him, too, everything is fine, therefore. on these two points, it seems more or less. the next question is the lander, if before we remember the apollo program was the lander is very small. there are astronauts. it was practically impossible to stand in it e stretched out to their full height they er write in memoirs about how they tried to sleep in it when there were long apollo 17 missions there. uh, when almost two days, they spent on the surface of the moon and there was no place at all, but here, uh, 2 years ago, a tender for the creation of a lander

spacex company elon musk wins and they suggest that we take our huge senior 150 m and put it on the moon. and this is a separate lunar module. and this is a completely different program. this is another rocket to this one, but to our esales, which the americans already have for orion, a huge senior is added, and then musk asked for the least amount of money, less than his competitors, and we were chosen by his tender. he is so from ragon, by the way, in fact. yes, several times it was less than a boeing, but almost 10 times less serious. eh, i think three times in four, it seems to me, well, nevertheless seriously less. but what happens in 2024 , this already senior should fly for the first time in an unmanned version to land on the moon. the lunar version is senior, but for this it must first fly, the senior himself then needs to ensure that he normally sits back and returns. then you need to start. uh

, regular launches senior now i'll explain why. the whole point is that the lunar module is older than this lunar module, it is not intended to return to earth. he is taken out once orbit then it is refueled by other seniors in orbit, and the problem is that, according to various estimates, from 4:00 to almost 14 flights of ordinary seniors, in order to completely refuel this lunar one in orbit, while only two states are able, uh, to refuel in orbit . this is russia and china, we refuel our stations, if necessary. here, the volumes are much more complicated. well, this also requires time for testing, therefore, you need to create this lunar elder with big legs to check how these legs work to launch it into orbit refuel there from four to six, or there how many times it will turn out. after which he must fly to the moon to land on the moon, again. here's another question. you need to somehow

put an engine on it, and they will most likely be somewhere on top. he will not be able to land on his own engine, because, as we have already seen, he can even destroy a fortified platform. and here you need to land on the moon, where the ground is. it can be soft, maybe some terrain drops, and plus you need to test the descent system astronauts from a height of 50 m, because they are at the very top in the head part. here is this senior and all. this must be done in order for the american lunar program to move forward further. and as i understand it, even now we are also not very sure that the mask will work out, and at some point there will be no problems. that is, there are no unsolvable problems here; yes, they are very complex, but, in principle, solvable and us just a few months ago. ela, second order for jeff bezos to create a backup system landing module. well, this is such a call to the mask, look, you come on quickly, otherwise here we are, if anything, ready for your best

friend and competitor. well, as it were, on the contrary, competition that will push. well , in theory, yes progress, let's see how it turns out in the end and as a result, most likely, uh, the american lunar program. now it will start crawling. to the right, everything will depend on the time it takes to create a lander on the other side. there is a chinese program, but the most interesting, and the chinese astronautics. we know about so this, well, something like a black box. they first announce that after some time this technology will appear, then something rattles and shakes there, and then the chinese show their experience. well, how does it look like in the soviet union? ah, actually in china , as far as we know, they tested it. a space ship of a new generation, however, there is not quite there, total mock-ups of a real ship. they will have to test this year, but a generation of flights, yes, and that one

was tested by flight and that one returned to inner mongolia, but there was a little it was reduced in size, and there were no important systems of life providing something else that needed to be completed. that is, roughly speaking, they just tested the models, while this year they have to test the ship itself, perhaps already with the astronauts they are also making a rocket, a great trip 10 change 10 superheavy, which actually will have to deliver this ship to orbit and make landing hmm to the orbit yes to the orbit for the exit and, accordingly, the flight to the moon and back. that is, china seems to be behind the usa well, by the number of technologies that already exist on the other side. china clearly says that it has a date of 2020. literally a week ago , this was confirmed at the highest level , the leadership of the chinese manned program said that, yes, we are confirming 2030. we

will land on the moon. there will be control of the lunar rover, and chinese astronauts. well, so let's watch and wait for information to leak from time to time. plus they are controlled talk about some things. that is. i think that in a year or two we we will more accurately understand whether they have any serious problems or whether everything is going as planned. well, there is the russian program, which is a little behind the time from the american one from the chinese one. we are now all in the hmm period, when planning takes place, when we are still creating avant-projects. well, again , the most important thing in any program is funding, as soon as full funding is allocated. it will be possible to say, yes, there is a specific one. the project of the russian lunar program, here we are following it. here such milestones are placed. that's when we 're going to land. well, yes, this is a very expensive expensive project anyway. uh, well,

can we do this together with the chinese ? russia and china have a joint project for a lunar automatic station, this is an automatic station, that is, without astronauts, they are not manned. it will consist of several spacecraft that will land next to each other on the moon and work together. that is , one, for example, is responsible for generating energy. one is responsible for calculating one, how the laboratory is used, that is, the sharing of several spacecraft. in principle, this is the first time in the world. uh, there were no such projects before and we signed a memorandum. together with china, we are gradually moving towards the implementation of this program, and the program is quite large and comprehensive in principle. not even luna 25, which should launch in august 2023. already this summer. this is also, as it were, the initial part of this program.

they are all together, all flights, all launches are linked in one, we continue our conversation. about space programs with mikhail kotov with the moon, more or less. clearly talk about mars terms. you can talk a lot about the problems of romance, but in my opinion , there is still quite a lot of time before the first manned flight around mars. there are a large number of tasks not only technological ones that need to be solved. well, technically , actually. well, in principle, to create a ship in which there is enough life support system for these 9 months there and 9 months back , plus or minus humanity can have problems, firstly, we send people for more than a year and a half into space under the influence of solar radiation. yes, like scientists.

they say that a person must hold this flight alone and everything should be more or less normal with health , on the other hand, there was a recent study that showed that vision suffers greatly in weightlessness and so far it was not clear there was still a person who would be 18 months at the same time spent in space in a state of microgravity and returned back and check, well, so that at the same time there was 43 yes 432 court. this, that is a lot, but actually 500 days. so really, we are still talking about flying around. that is, just to fly around as soon as we think about landing, the question begins , firstly, how well we can preserve the physical capabilities of the cosmonauts so that after 9 months they themselves put on spacesuits on the surface of mars and go to work. so this is also a difficult question. in

fact, there are many. and that's all, with regard to just such a mission to water fly, he offered to put a like. that's when the rover's move, i i don’t know, i’m afraid that this is a little populism. and when humanity is here, just imagine sending 100 people one way. yes. well , at least now, while the ship is not nearby and the rocket is not ready, there are a lot of people like that, most likely, there will be a lot of them. even when the ship is ready, and they say, yes, ok, i'm flying there a set. this cosmonaut receives such statements that people are ready, if they are taken to the cosmonaut squad, to fly in one direction, it doesn’t matter, it will be the moon mars . so it’s not enough. indeed, as we we know from works and mbp. ran institute of medica biological problems, and problems arise already in the process. that is, a man on the one hand. he said yes i am ready. and when you are

already inside for several months, you have to work hard constantly every day to support physical activity. here even the person who said. i'm ready. it's not a fact that it 's enough motivation. on the other hand , these 100 people fly in and they will live. well, there are normal medicines in one or two modules, they won't have the first time. well, not the one that we are accustomed to humanity here is the current modern level. how they will carry the martian dust, we do not know how much access to modern spacesuits will be enough. they are calculated. well that's how much orlan 20 challenge 20 outs. yes? well, let them be needed there too, or they will constantly be brought in, or in some other way, and in addition, these people will start. unfortunately, after some time to die. well , simply, because life is clearly worse there than on earth, and we will not get the best online show from the people who were left to die on the planet. not quite clear. why plus co

everything, if someone asks back, and it will probably be asked if someone has a child on mars there right there, you understand, the wife will say on the very first evening. so come on, look for the senior drove back. i'm okay but i don't want my baby. yes , for now i'm in this in a big colonization. i don't believe it at all. unfortunately, it seems to me that we need to prepare gradually, we need to prepare precisely for first a flight, then a high-flying flight, and only then we can talk about some kind of serious colonization. how do you feel about space myths. well, such as the earth is flat, a huge number of people believe in it almost after every lecture, when you speak, at least one person comes up to you. he speaks so confidently. and you answer the question is not important. what topic was the lecture on, were the americans on the moon or not, and it doesn’t matter what you

answer him? he will immediately start talking to you. but i know that in fact and for a long time it will talk about the fact that they were not on the moon. well, this is already somehow we treat this as, probably, as a flat earth is the norm well it is also clear that these myths are not as life-threatening as a myth that i do not know related to drugs. there, when a person goes to be treated with homeopathy, instead of going to a normal doctor. this is a dangerous myth. here he really is. maybe it's better to undermine your health, in principle, probably, a person on the planet. they are all around us. well, this, if not satisfied, well, if a person does not bring it to a state where they take him, e to be treated, then, well, he can live with this all his life and, in principle, believe that aliens around us from the other side. naturally, the work of popularizers. she is in many ways. is to try to explain the origin of the myths that in fact were people very eager to believe. they are on

one side. there are those who do not believe that the iss flies in earth's orbit with us, they say that all this is being filmed, somewhere in secret studios on the other side, it’s practically for you. this same person. maybe tell some heresy that water was brought to earth from somewhere from the stars. why, how and who did it remains a mystery, but here i spoke confidently about this to a person, if you recall an interesting myth, i remember, and a very cool story 2 years ago, one of the youth building turned to the press service of roskosmos, and they asked well. interviews with astronauts on the iss are very much not interesting. can we arrange interviews with astronauts who work for spectr? that is, firstly, they knew what spectrum rg is - that's already great. but, i personally saw, i personally saw the letter, yes, in which they asked so. can these guys listening said that

unfortunately we can't arrange an interview with them for you. well , this is also a myth, this is also a misunderstanding. how it works, and what is actually happening and unfortunately, most of these myths, they appear from the fact that a person thought of something for himself, did not hear something. well, someone convinced him. well, in some absolutely strange things. and if a person is told a lot about space, if he regularly hears about it and sees it, then most of these myths can be avoided, as you are doing to popularize astronautics, in addition to what i write there, and columns and articles for a look for popular mechanics, and i work on a project with the guys from the summer space school, this is one of the best such educational space projects in russia, in my opinion , this is a nine-day summer intensive when they gather this year there will be almost 200

people, and there is no need, 9 days once. eh, it's usually more at the end. end of july august. we are going to the institute of space research, we are in moscow, yes the following happens guys share everything, who comes we call all the schools, but in fact we have a lot of adults. that is, we take everyone who is over 14 years old, and who has a desire for this intensive, everyone is divided into groups into a variety of those who are engaged in space piloting, who study ballistics , those who study astrophysics. those who study space law, space biology, er, are divided into separate groups. and even scientific journalism, which i just conduct, in fact. i am the leader of the group scientific journalism. first six days. we have dense teaching lectures general lectures lectures specifically for each group. seminars. we have a large quantity of most electrodes. these are industry professionals. that

is, these are not just people of the popularizer. namely, those who are constantly engaged in this . that is why we have many people who come to study at the summer space school. it is too. from the industry who needs to get some additional data, who wants to know more about what they are doing and the last three days is a certain trick at our school, we have a space flight simulation, as a rule, there is a program developed in advance and during this simulation, the participants use the knowledge that they received before that in the previous 6 days mikhail e tell me how do you see a person in 50 years in space than he will be engaged in my opinion. after 50 years. uh, there will be a lot more business coming into space. than now the cosmos will learn to earn money. it will be, uh, a seal. e organs in orbit there

in microgravity is much easier to do. well, for example, if a body that has a complex surface is better. well, i don’t know, for example, the thieves’ eyes have some internal structures in orbit, we can print them, and in the conditions of the earth, gravity interferes, so the printing of organs in orbit, the development of deposits of some minerals, all these things humanity will have to learn how to learn them make money in space . this will help the cosmos to develop much, stronger in the future. visiting today. i had uh, science journalist popularizer cosmonautics mikhail kotov and anton shkappers. it was a podcast of space stories.