modern youth with the most hype or hype, that is, those who bring a lot of money, yes, that is the same pill, but still through education. now we will try to figure out how much demand economists have. let's here's the first question to refuel. uh, it's hype or not hype, it's definitely not hype being an economist is the right thing to do, if that's what you want. well, i graduated from high school. and there are many economists like me. we remember all the soviet jokes about the differences between karl marx and clara sr. economist. tell us how karl marx differs from aunt clara karl marx is just an economist aunt clara is a senior economist, but in the country now it really is. uh, a lot of universities have introduced the direction of preparing the economy, but it is clear that less than a dozen domestic mustaches train worthy specialists. you train applied economists or more scientists, and then let them figure out what they want to become, students self-determine. we do not set ourselves

the task of training many scientists, simply because, firstly, the country e does not need too many scientists need more people who will do business work in government and the majority of students. and when they come to the first course. they do not know what they want to become scientists or bankers. they decide this in the course of training, and in my opinion, well, 5-10 percent of students. then he really continues his economic career. they are doing something else. i know you don't like the word contest and but still. that's how people of the old formation, after all. let's uh, let's try to figure out this number. what is it now your competition you understand, what a thing, because now you can enter several universities and within one university for several areas of training, several educational programs, so measure the competition. now it is simply impossible there is no such figure in this sense. if you need to focus on, uh, firstly, uh, how many winners of the olympiads enter the educational program. uh, what was the unified state examination

sergey edualdovich? i will not tear from you. how many places at the faculty, a at the faculty at the faculty of economic sciences of the higher school the covariate recruits over 500 students from over 500 students. how much is the application for sale? usually? uh, three or four thousand is a decent figure. this is an indicator that education in the tower is really valued for economics, because you know how at one time there was such an anecdote too, when a man wants to please women, one of whom loves athletes, the second military, and the third indians. he says let me introduce myself master of sports, colonel xingu. actually. i think that the faculties are now called exactly they are faculties, and there are numerous other universities that have been mentioned, yes, that everyone is trying to make the whole economy. i think that exactly for these reasons. yes, let's do it there, what's fashionable there now is money it. and the economy is all here, the faculty and economics, i don’t know it there , and loans. yes, well, that's about, unfortunately, yes, the digital economy. yes, it all begins so

, the education of a prestigious university is precisely an economic education. still. here, leaving the walls, alma mater. for what job and immediately at what level of income can claim your graduate. and if we discard science, first of all, it depends on the profession, and yet our students are guided not only by the monetary result. how much would they like to earn at the exit, after all, someone likes corporate finance more, someone is interested in macroeconomics, and here, in fact, the results can be different, but, in general, students, as a rule, already , starting even from the third to fourth year of study, there is an opportunity to receive good money. and, in principle, to graduate bachelor's degree with a salary of 200 or more 1,000 rubles. per month. quite realistic. we are talking now. eh, probably better, after all , we are talking about the best. if you measure, uh in the characteristics of averages, on average it will be , uh, about 100,000, probably positions.

who is a very wide range - it is economists in commercial banks and other financial institutions. these are various analysts, many of our students go to the central bank and so on , representatives of large state corporations are hunting for your graduates even at a level when they are not graduates yet. and students have such examples, moreover, we are pushing them to this, and we are trying to implement it. the so-called project-oriented learning model, which assumes that we bring future employers to students, already starts from the second year of study. a student in the second year of study can choose one of our 180 projects now, for example, he chooses a project in the field of macroeconomic policy. uh-huh and then facing not only uh on academic colleagues. well, for example colleagues from the bank of russia, such a student has the opportunity to start. think not about educational tasks, but about real tasks. and you can give an example of such a task. here's one that can already start to decide. uh, a second-

year student here is important to note. what is the thing in our projects that involves mixing students of different years of study, because one of the important competencies is teamwork and it is clear that a toolkit that can be used to solve a problem at a serious level is a toolkit both theoretically and mathematical economics, as a rule, a student still acquires already in the third or fourth year of study. but, and most importantly, the student of the second year of study understands why they will study something and are just oriented. yes, the learning model assumes that, along with the choice of the project , the student chooses the disciplines that he needs in order to obtain the appropriate competence. this is a great motivation when you start from the second year, not even completely yet, having received the mathematical apparatus in your hands, but already you begin to think in the direction of where the apparatus is for you. it can be useful. yes , because, as it were, most of us ask. well, why do i need this sine cosine and there, of course. a modern university should be a kind of intellectual supermarket for the student, coming where the student, in fact, understands that he wants the task of universities in such a situation - it simply acts

as a navigator to help the student decide on a profession to understand that he needs to learn what kind of skills to acquire a tower in this plan began to do this, that is, here promote a similar model that the university is a navigator. yes? this assistant is a cataloger. uh, it was from the beginning or before the last change. i don't know ten years there. it was almost from the beginning. we have left to proceed from the fact that in the modern world, uh, a professor should not be a relayer of knowledge. the student's knowledge can be found in quite different ways by the task of the professor to guide the student. and this is , in fact, a model that all the world's leading universities have long ago adopted. it turns out that the student in this model, who preach hse there is no need to constantly be in the physical, yes, offline is called indoors at lectures, if he chooses some programs, if he chooses the very trajectory of his education. i am gradually approaching the fact that, in principle,

there is literally one step left. i know that you have made it online education and your words that, in principle, online, uh, education in a good strong university will often be better than offline. education. well, let's say there, the second or third gradation there. absolutely right. there are several aspects of online education here. this education is full-time, not part-time in the sense that it really happens, but the contact between students is going to lectures. a certain time or you can turn on the computer, that is, there is no such thing that i will listen to it sometime later. here the lecture goes in diameter . uh. we use online courses that are recorded, they are studied, as we are talking about asynchronously at any convenient time, and this is convenient, just for master's students when they combine this business with work online and vice versa, in order not to destroy the traditions that were recently at school, we prefer synchronous classes, when students are just at the monitor and the teacher is at the monitor. but

uh, the most important thing here is what is it and it's just technology technology should be modern, but the essence of the approach to education does not change students have to learn something independent a significant part. e student's work. on the development of academic disciplines. consideration of work on projects is precisely independent work and in this plan. and how is it organized? it's a matter of technology. the question is, how do you and i understand and know that the most important thing in education is the control of the acquired knowledge, which eventually settled down. in this wonderful head. they flew into one ear into the other flew tests. uh, tests, control tasks. they are also held online or offline, but here we will try to use completely different forms. i am actually the author of an online course myself and within my online it is called macroeconomics of financial markets for masters and within this online course students take a weekly test, but not

in order to get an assessment from this not such a big weight, but simply to check themselves how much they understood the material. and in order for me to understand how much they understood, i prefer that they write something and at the same time it doesn’t really matter to me whether they will peep somewhere or not? i formulate questions so that i can follow their train of thought and they are not because they just literally memorized something. great. well, i remember my training at the physics and technical department. we had one subject is theoretical mechanics. he says you could get a ticket, use whatever you want and any textbooks and notes at all right there in the lecture at the exams. you go and write off, but the attitude towards this material was exactly the same, that is, if you still couldn’t even write off, then you were kicked out immediately, and i say that in the nature of halopolists. okay, let's solve the problems of the problem. you are solving a problem. let's decide, of course, also online. and here it is probably more difficult to write off, because all the tasks are, uh, individual. well, at least you should understand approach what to solve or how? well, it is clear that

modern students do not radically differ in this aspect from students from 10-20 years ago. so it means write off and so on. and this is a question of how we can effectively organize control. and how would sorry we use technology to search for similar texts on the net. that is outgoing love for our students. i have to say that every one of us really expels several students for plagiarism, as in current works, unfortunately, budget ones. even for a fee. there are such cases, of course, and budgetary payment in this sense for us, there is no fundamental difference. we have, of course, a program that is completely commercial, but the main nabum on the basic bachelor's degree, for example, is fift, and the commercial student is paying students and i, as a professor, i don't know who is in front of me. that is, i'm just not interested in it, because i don't need to know the chat 5 haven't started using it yet. but no, i will not rule out that this can happen, but nonetheless. here everything depends, in fact, not on only from a student. but this teacher is

a responsible teacher. he will easily find out that it was not a student who wrote it. this is also evident from the way it is written. well, it's understandable. if a student, uh, downloads and uses very good works, teachers may already be able to read them perfectly. yes, and the question immediately arises where did the diamonds come from in one place? let's get it this is a podcast of easy money, i'm its host mikhail khanov professor sergey pikarsky sergey how can a student understand that the economy is his? yes, here i am when, well , my children yes, when i teach how to choose universities and their acquaintances? i say, so there are two things. first. you should look at how information is presented on the site, how modern a clearly structured information site is. high school is the first next. you choose the faculties that you like and start reading texts, and now you should not be sick of

these texts, because these will be the most frequent words that you will hear for the next 3 years, at least. here is do you have some criteria yes, like the deans of the faculty of economic sciences of the hse, according to which you can advise graduates. here the economy is yours or not yours? yes, indeed, we understand that the site - this is our face should already display everything, but unfortunately, uh, on sites, information very often lends itself. e. e, in a way that just like that, applicants will not be interested in this sense, e, i'm not sure that now is a schoolboy. e, who is going to enter university a, can decide what he would like to do in economics or physics, probably, all the same this needs to be thought a little earlier, but the main idea. how to understand, uh, economics is for you or for you the first consideration, very many people, uh, are confused about what social science is, what is humanities economics is not a humanities science, it is a science of society. and this means that we have completely different

approaches to what we analyze and how we monolize the second important criterion, there should in no case be an allergy to higher mathematics. well, or just like math, because the modern economy is a pardon nelogiya. this is not something that can be described in words only by the highest ethics in economics, if we take on average not some specialized, scientific epidemic research, more than half less. the color is exactly as much as i need to explain simply, because mathematics is some language and some formalizations. if we are considering economics, not finance, then in economics we really need to analyze and build arguments. and here the math is really used exactly as much as you need in finance, finance is still simpler - it's money money loves an account absolutely true, it's also very important that the student has a craving for free thought third third, because really in the economy and there are no, e, as a rule, absolute houses.

many things economists consider, so they try to avoid the final answer. and another good anecdote. and the american president harry truman once joked in the english language there is such an idiom, he is ringhand. he is from one side to the other . he joked that he would like to have one sleeve of an economic adviser in the economy is really very important race. comprehensive yet diverse approaches are very important. and in a situation like this, really, uh, there must be a craving not to have one clear, simple answer. and be prepared for what you need to think about. sergey, as a person who has been working for more than 25 years, i probably work in the stock markets, and there is also a lot of investments. just a speculative various strategies joke when the presidents of an international investment company in the middle of a skyscraper goes to dinner, and there is such a high-tech, without any buttons at all. without anything, just the wall is moving apart and the elevator and that's it. you don't know where he 's going. here he is going to have lunch, the door opens,

and there stands in full force his department of strategic market analysis looks at them like that, they don’t speak to him like that. further swearing quickly up or down and without any of your stuff. yes, that's how such an attitude is. well, here's the third point, in fact, the criterion. yes, the perception of the surrounding reality. there is such a fantastic story wonderful i don’t remember the author's level of noise is said to be about how rigged, allegedly. uh, the anti-gravity engine was invented, they showed a video of man crashed and gathered scientists of all stripes in his laboratory. well, they faked it. yes, they said. look here. here is the result. yes, that's what he was doing, go for it, and in fact they are the same. this is very close to what you said, they just demolished the borders, they demolished the framework, that antigravity is impossible, yes, and people, and there was chemistry of english history, some ancient indian literature and philosophy. there are almost works on the study of antuankhida. they created an anti-gravity platform there a month later, but

the size of there is like 20 by 20 m . well, excuse me. yes, guys, that the inventors of gravity, it’s clear that the story is fantastic, but there is such fantasy in the methods that hse uses for students. well, in fact, the sciences associated with the apparatus of higher mathematics, like economics, you demolish stereotyped thinking, boundaries. is this the goal or is this how it turns out basically the goal. unfortunately, it is far from always achieved simply, because , unfortunately, after school education. we often come across guys who really come from the fact that there should be one answer to everything, but we really try, and initially students. e with the aim to form in them some economic thinking, which just allowed for diversity, moreover, one of our most sought-after programs, just the graduates who are the most highly paid these training programs built very close to the british system, or the ads program is economic, but students have the opportunity to listen to a huge

number of disciplines and philosophy of astrophysics. and something else within the overall educational model. you school of economics students. there are so-called mager core education. and also a student of any educational program and only economists should get some miner. these are four academic disciplines that are studied over 2 years. a student in economics can have a core in economics and vaider, for example, in psychology and we get a very interesting combination when the student has the opportunity to use approaches to psychology in economic analysis. and this is a very effective direction in principle. that is, in fact, this is already a stepping stone to the next education, because, for example, when i tell my children, i say, you don’t have to kill yourself about what first higher education you will receive, because in five to 10 years such changes can occur that you need the life situation itself. tell me you need get a different education. this is a step here, that is, in fact, these dps miners, miners, and minor parts, that is, they, uh, actually

prompt students. where they develop further we have a base in the economy. this is some logical addition so that students do not get one blocks, but most of the basics. what are thoughts? a student of a good university is a strong student, he is first of all at the exit. eh, will be able to continue to learn further. this is the main task of a bachelor's degree to teach a person to learn all his life. yes, yes it is, but in fact it is that's what we are. well, you, too, probably took it out of the soviet education system. and you, by the way, what university did you graduate from, when i graduated from the moscow institute of electronics, mathematics, it was independent university i graduated from the faculty of applied mathematics. then, unfortunately, i lost my second education, my second education. i was in the school of economics. i don't eat now. this is the faculty of the school of economics , so i just graduated from the bravo faculty. so you haven't really changed. it just so happens that you ended up doing great. well then have you finished. in fact, you clearly confirmed your thesis that you don’t need to have, but allergies to higher mathematics, on the contrary, you

need to love it, but actually. i ended up thinking that you and i were taught that the most important thing that a university teaches is to learn to learn to learn, but it teaches to learn, yes, that's it. here is the very process that you rightly said, er, gaining knowledge, always the most famous graduates of the faculty of economic sciences. now you can call or in order. just those names that are well-known, well, the minister is well-known. uh, in general, oreshkin is well known policy department heads kirill trimasov, business structures. your graduates find a use for themselves while growing up. i don’t know management up to the heights there. how much, by the way, here. let's even formulate the question this way, as far as being an economist, but just becoming a manager and head of a company in the end. either it is easier for lawyers to do it, or it is easier for a marketer to do it there or from your point of view from your practice. a rather difficult question is why. because an economist, uh,

can very often follow a path within the framework that he does not want to become a big boss simply because he thinks he analyzes, but nevertheless. but in principle, from my point of view, uh , it is possible to achieve leadership positions, both in government and in business, not thanks to any particular profession, thanks to the mindset , character, and so on, and in this sense , really. uh, there are examples when people become ministers, but with a slightly different specialized education, but in the case of economists, really, but this ability to think is multifaceted complex. she somehow rescues the question. ah, probably not easy. uh twenty-third year abroad. your students are listed now 15 years ago, when our graduates entered the western master's php programs, and you just heard highschool economics fake questions. e what is it? then we

became a brand indeed, and students. e, educated towers, but have such a serious base that it is quite easy for them to continue their education. yeah, and many of our students have achieved success, including entering in uh world economic. eh, that is, graduating auspiciously graduating and auspicious masters here and there are already going even further to develop masters there are just such cases, that is, someone, uh, left for a master’s program from a bachelor’s degree, someone graduated, uh, a master’s program, then left for php program. but by the way, from the point of view of economic science. is it europe or america or even asia maybe in some economic science is concentrated in america well, if you just look objectively at the list of nobel laureates, most of them e work with american universities. clearly there are some trends to return, huh? economists back or in principle, it is not fundamental to keep the science of the trend there, and

moreover, there is a corresponding intention. we started with the fact that our graduates really left. and continue abroad. eh, training, but for like 15 years now, we are in the framework of international recruitment, but we are recruiting for special positions colleagues who have received a phd degree in western universities and among them are just the majority. these are those who once graduated from moscow state university a tower or our strong regional universities uh -huh well, they themselves mentioned it. i'll start from afar, as you know. that's the one i graduated from moscow, it was formed in the late forties and fifa to moscow state university and then it already started there. well, just like we have a joke at the physics and technical institute, so they argue that moscow state university has expired, uh, two flags on russian science. which of them is the main one, and who is the only one you in what relationship are you in terms of? here is a competitor, not competitors, or in general , you are doing different things, well, from your point

of view and the economic fact of gu and faculty economic sciences higher school of economics well really here, as we know. the same hse story arose when yaroslav kuzminov and other powerful economists left moscow state university in order to create, uh, the current type. we are competitors with the economic in the cells of nsu. this is one of our main competitors. and as a dean, i am very glad that we have such a competitor. in fact , we economists know that in so many aspects of competition - this is the engine of the engine , of course. it's everywhere if it's like that, then no no happiness if in the cage of economic sciences, er, or economics of moscow state university , there are still applicants for participation in this race of the two strongest in the only guy in the village, or this. uh, you know how oxford cambris is? yes, here are two kayaks they are swimming and that's it. and there is no one else. you have someone else in the swim. you know in the case of the faculty of economics. gu we have very similar models. education from the point of view of the great role of the fundamental

education of higher mathematics, a. but there are other strong competitors who specialize in several other aspects. well, for example, in the financial academy, to a greater extent, it focuses on specific narrow financial specializations. x is definitely a strong university. well, our federal universities in the regions are also quite strong, uh, this is novosibirsk tomsk, which is the same as the ural federal university. and the novosibirsk natural state university, kazan are certainly strong, and in this sense, and we understand that it is very important for us to maintain contacts with our regional universities and from, for example, distant juicy federal university. we have a joint program. there is a joint program with northeastern federal university. we understand that an important moment for the development of economic education in russia is the construction of some network forms, of course, this is a very successful practice by foreign universities. do you have any similar programs. such programs were economic, but it is clear that in the current

circumstances there are obvious difficulties here. something remained or even at the level of the professorial staff at the level most of the researchers' contacts have been preserved. we remain on the international scientific agenda. what is the ratio of those who come from the region? moreover, he does not submit documents, namely , residents of large uh regions also enter at the end. first of all, the capital there is moscow and st. petersburg well, probably, uh, if we take our direction, then somewhere, probably, 40 percent comes from the regions, 60 percent from moscow and the region. and a. i mean, smart kids. these are mostly olympiad winners. here is what ratio is not necessarily most often olympiads burn out, and big cities or really big cities often win. but from the outback, really, too, there are often very strong guys, very talented guys. what is the average score? e, let's say, how much higher is there, above 80, above 85, above 90

, you need to pass the use 95 to enter the faculty of economic sciences of the tower. that is , this is what we have there, i correctly understand that this is russian. uh, mathematics is english and the choice is either social science or computer science. you are more than what you need more than 85-90 or 95% more than 95, but, nevertheless. eh, feature. e lies in the fact that students have the opportunity, e, having reached certain scores, which may be lower than the passing ones , to enter commerce with a good discount of up to 70%. hmm, there is a chance, then transfer the entire budget. there is what you need to do to enter the top, for this you need to enter into a certain sense. well, we have the rules laid out on our pages. you can study them. and for this you have to remove someone from the budget. no, that is, it is an additional budget. the places we eat is what we call

quasi-budgetary places, and the higher school of economics, by and large, some students teach at their own expense, more precisely, we are simply building some redistribution mechanism for the state, as we know from the point of view of the government, they are engaged in the redistribution of income of the higher school of economics is engaged in the same redistribution in favor of talented guys who may have missed a few points to pass on a budget who can't pay the full cost to the one they would like. uh. this is a very commendable selection. this podcast easy money, i'm its host mikhail khanov and today our topic is the new generation of economists new in economic education in russia sergey's question is probably sad tell me please. how many people, in percentage terms, swim to the end of this swim, if you can put it this way, the deans of the faculty of computational mathematics, cybernetics, said that only 47% of those who submitted documents 6 years ago received diplomas this year, that is, they graduated and favorable magistracy. here is

the actual quantity. they specifically counted 47% what number do you have or do you not lead to similarity? well, we keep such statistics. i cannot say that we are conducting it purposefully. there are several considerations here , the first considerations, and someone does not swim , someone swims more slowly in the sense that it is possible to ah. you can not cope with learning to take and make individual study plans and continue to study. quite how it could be. yes, it was possible, yes, is it called an academy or not? or something is not. this is exactly the individual curriculum when the student, uh, continues to study, but he is forced to wait for those disciplines that he did not know, if within six years, or you add it within, uh, four years of study, if, uh, the number of unpublished disciplines is critically large, then sometimes students, uh hmm drop a course lower. this is the first consideration. the second consideration. but it is very important what kind of selection is a, and when entering us, the selection is so large that, in principle, most students cope, but,

nevertheless. really. uh, the biggest dropout takes place during the first years of study. yes, the first second bone. yes, it is often 20-30% is lost. well, in principle, the remaining 70 there, for example, if at least, they reach the end to the end. well, this is very high, the results are congratulations but on the other hand. you understand, yes, what with such chiefs, as if correctly said the initial conditions. in the same place, the wise guys initially go, so everything should work out. and also with what the tower offers as an education. yes , it's me. discipline tomatoes, well, i would like that ship. well, actually, that’s how i studied, because we had such a program in a single university, but i think that now this is really, really a very commendable question. sergei already what is called anabolic? yes, we talked about how hard or not hard it will be for students. how good it is to become a graduate of such a prestigious university, what is the lack of a teacher? i think that here there is no universal consideration. there is nothing lacking in entrepreneurs of any kind. university money. well, in principle, yes, it is clear that a

the professorial staff is not the highest paid people in the country, but nonetheless. uh, people, including your humble words, consciously choose this profession because we like to work with young people. we like to do research work, this is the mission in this. yes, this is a mission, and in this sense, we are really doing what we are interested in. well, to say that we exist, but in a circular one, probably, it’s also impossible, because, firstly, we have a government of the best universities in the country we are well financed by a university that not only lives on state money, but earns money, how education distributes them in the market yes, how in the higher education market in the market of additional education in the field, consulting and so on, therefore, in principle, for young e guys, who, after a master's degree , think about not going to either graduate school or continuing an academic career is quite a lot of

opportunities. i can't say that i'm a master's graduate if he stays with us at work will immediately receive 200,000 rubles. this precedes my questions, but, in principle, after graduating from graduate school and doing business, being in demand, he can be comparable to mind. well, that's great. what is the average age of the professorial staff now? well, approximately. i think that it is somewhere around, probably, 45 years old, but these are very young people. i think quite young indeed. well , uh, and the tower, in which universities, by the way, economic sciences are quite a young university, and we understand that a is active, and research work people are just doing most effectively at the age of 25-35 years. your humble servant. i have already dropped out of this age, but it gives me great pleasure to work as students with graduate students. economic science is developing rapidly, where do you get new

trends, how important is it now to attend international conferences. or all the works are published online and there is an opportunity to read them to get acquainted, and not in the public domain, or is it still some kind of secret material. naturally, we visit conferences and read magazines. and here are the options. you are quite a lot, and again , everything is determined by modern technologies for disseminating knowledge. it is clear that 50 years ago one had to either physically go to the library to take a printed paper magazine from the shelf, or go to a conference. now really. uh, we have, uh, e -zine subscriptions and just about anything . we can find in this way. and what about the question? er, where is modern science going? what kind of forever do we need, how volatile everything is here to understand what kind of things, on the one hand , something is in time, so to speak, an invariant. well, for example, if we try to understand the nature of the financial crisis and predict the future crisis, then we

understand that the cause of the financial crisis, both a hundred years ago and now, is, well, if you like, greed for profits negative side. unfortunately competition in this sense this january. if we want to understand why there is bank loans from western countries. now we need to look at those financial technologies that used in today's financial institutions that may not have existed 100 years ago. well, and on the professionalism of those people who are engaged in both risk management and strategic planning and monthly, which is psychology psychology. yes, absolutely right. we return again in a circle in greed, the last question sergey, your recipe for happiness and wealth is personal, like happiness is not in money, but not in a certain level of wealth, and economists know that it is useless to focus simply on the level of income or wealth, because, firstly, uh, they don't define parts and standard of living. secondly, uh, they change over time. and we understand that people 100 years ago received

income ten times less rich ten times less, this does not mean that they were ten times not happy for some kind of happiness. demand demand and , uh, ability, and develop sergey thank you very much for your conversation for your answers very interesting we had a guest from the faculty of economic sciences of the higher school of economics sergey emultovich pekarskikh. thank you. hello this is a witness podcast eisenstein, i am a film historian natalya ryabchikova and my colleague stanislav didinsky talk about who and how created the famous famous cult forgotten and completely unknown soviet films. and why do we need to watch soviet cinema now. we are digging into the archives to understand how we can watch it now and how we can get the most out of it.

hello, my name is stanislav dedinsky, i am a historian of cinema animation, and today, together with natalia, i will talk about why the day russian animation is celebrated on april 8 or march 26, according to the old style, when the premiere of the first russian animated film took place, which innovative viewers learned much later, and the film was the beautiful lukanida vladislav stareevich. who is vladislav starevich? what is a beautiful river? yes when did this happen at all? this is in 1912, when no one yet knew the word animation or animation, but some experts knew what frame-by-frame shooting was, with which you can frame by frame step by step animate some objects on the screen, well , let's say, turn the dolls with one handle in

e, the second handle in barely slow millimeters. then you turn the handle of the movie camera, shooting another frame on film, and later, when this titanic work is done, it all comes to life. on the screen, inanimate objects, starting to move , what did you see the audience then on april 8, march 206, 1912. let's see, shall we? here is a secluded corner of the park, where the lucanige of eternal love grows. i swear on my honour, the mustachioed man exclaims i will never i saw beauties like you lucanida. my heart has not beaten yet, it has not stopped as sweetly as near you and the beautiful ruganida, bows her head to his chest. suddenly an angry exclamation is heard , so you fulfill your vows. and you are a game you that is, a beautiful lukani.

yes, this is one of these bugs, and the audience thought, and in general, they had every reason , because the advertisements emphasized in every possible way that they see the drama of medieval life, which is played by natural insects. beetles and , in fact, it was pretty large beetles, but because in order to create these dolls, today we know what it is to create them, and the author specifically used them as prototypes. and stag beetles are such large insects. he vladislav stareevich was such an amateur entomologist and at the intersection of his interests. he thought it was the most suitable material for making his parade films, and these films were, of course, parodies of costumed parodies, and tapes, which were very popular at the box office all day. well, in general, he decided that it was necessary to force the audience believed their insects and disassemble such a typical scene, and they believed for about a year, everyone was sure. why a year because we know it's

been advertised for about a year? the films are in such a manner that it is precisely the trained insects and, in fact, the starevich himself went down in history with the same nickname as the trainer. zhukov a. they believed they believed not only then, but more than a year ago. now people are absolutely confident. but those who told me nothing about this, that these are real zhuki alexander khanzhonkov vladislav tsarevich fooled not only russian viewers, they fooled european viewers, because in 1913. and these films were released in the british film distribution in the uk and local magazines published an interview with a certain professor lozhkin, who talked about how hard it is to train insects, that ants cannot be trained. in general, it was a very correct commercial strategy, chosen by alexander bukhanzhonkov, like what kind of industrialists, who was a producer films, as i would be told, in order for these films to be promoted on the market and people willingly go to because it was an unprecedented

spectacle, i must say why. kisarevich became the first, in fact, and we recently learned the name of another early russian animator alexander shiryaev, who was engaged in both puppet animation and hand-drawn animation, but in his main profession he was actually a chryographer. he worked in st. petersburg. it was his hobby, he sketched the movement of actors and created puppets in order to remember himself and then dancer to show some steps and it remained his hobby. that is, it was never seen by anyone, except there friends of family acquaintances, and then lay for more than 100 years in the home archives. and just at the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century, it was brought to light, and stareevich had a producer. of course, we didn’t call him that then, but alexander khanzhonkov was the first real russian such, uh, filmmaker, as the film producer then said, he took stareevich under his

wing. yes, he understood that this strange little man who prefers to do everything himself the one who turns the handle of the movie camera himself makes his animals. and if you leave one practically in a locked room for a while, he will bring you one cartoon, the second cartoon, and moreover, an old man with his very own. it seems to me, a caustic sense of humor, even played specifically. yes indeed. you are not on the air by chance. these are parodies in their hometown of kovnoy. he became famous as the winner of masquerade costume contests, pranks and in general in every possible way, and cartoons, including for the magazine kovno mirror and e, eventually decided to go to moscow, which was a graphic center, and the country, to alexander khadzhunkov, to work with him for him and shoot his strange films alexander dzhonkov. risked made a bet, and he did not

know yet. that the old man is set not only, but as a master of animation, but also of special effects, which he masterfully created in his later feature films, where he again used the method of frame-by-frame shooting in order, for example, to create the devil’s jump into the pocket of kuznetsov’s vacuum in the film, and the night before christmas well, if we talk about him sense of humor, well, remember him in the second film the revenge of the graphic operator. there, a grasshopper acts as the main character , who is out of revenge, and mr. zhukov, who plays tricks with a dragonfly, a funny dragonfly dancing in a cabaret, and a grasshopper is in love with her, removes the price of a deltater on a movie camera through a keyhole. and then at the end of the film he demonstrates this and this is another amazing example of the ministry of starevich, as a master of special effects, and on the cinema screen we see in the film. let's see, shall we?

here is a parody of a parlor melodrama. we have

there is a married couple husband who loves to go on a business trip, and on this business trip they first visit a cabaret where beautiful dragonflies dance, and then they go with her to the damur hotel, that is, the hotel of love, where does the grasshopper, offended by him, work part-time cinematographer. here is this strange apparatus of his inside the leg, in which he turns the handle. and here is the same, uh, movie camera, and he is the same offended cinematographer, and then they show us what the master's wife is doing at this time. zhukova beetle. to her come. uh, its meaning is the artist's beading. yes, he draws her portraits. they also show everything there, and then, like, trying on, the husband and wife go to the cinema and there we see some absolutely incredible scene by the standards, again, 912, more than 100 years

ago. we have a screen within a screen more than that, we see another film inside us in order to believe in it. i think i need to see this too. shear very accurately captured the aryan nature of the cinema, because the world is peeped through the keyhole. this is what it is the essence of cinematography, nosorevich, also grasped

advertising on the nature of cinematography, because inside his film released by the khanzhonkov factory, he shows the logo shows that this is the khanzhonkovo ​​factory. that is, it is some kind of product placement itself. you see, he actually plays very well. he feels the audience of spectators. and, for example, here is another one, and the story is about his specific sense of humor and understanding of the work of psychology and the viewer, but there are memories of how he was engaged not only in the doll animation, but also hand-drawn, there is also a famous experiment of it in this area. in general, he painted a fire on the screen, he took a film and scrawled on it, but, as it were, how a typical example flares up. how to start a fire film. sometimes the film caught fire; it was made of combustible materials by people. and so he painted the scene of this fire and when this film. under the name of the new year's joke , viewers began to show people on the screen , first santa claus, and then a spot that blurs, as in a fire situation in screen, and fires were one of the worst things about cinema in the early 1910s

. uh, movie theaters were on fire. there were some very tragic incidents. in general, the audience began to run out of the hall in horror. until, finally , the mechanic came out like that and said that these were all jokes of the old man. i'm fine , nothing's happening, please stay. it is interesting that stareevich, almost never engaged in hand-drawn animation, and except for such cases, but in the twenties, when private cinema had already ended and began the soviet cinema stareevich left, and settled in france with the main method of animation. it was animation that became soviet, because it was apparently faster. yes, it was more profitable, because it was possible to draw all sorts of cards in penetrating films, and either they used the transfer , they took pieces, figures, flat, and now they shifted them by millimeters. it's all the same. lighter than voluminous old-timer dolls, he, of course, has absolutely manual labor a and most cartoons in the twenties were political sometimes they were cinephilic. true, when artists drew their favorite movie stars, they collided

them in one film charlie chaplin, charles, floyd mary pickford, the soviet girl got there in this hand-drawn hollywood, but still there were more such, uh, pop. the diggavert soldier made one of the first soviet cartoons, which was the so-called soviet toys, right after the political charm. here they storyboarded it. eh, as now we have a new year is not a new year. here the tsarevich congratulated on the new year, and hangs diggatov on this christmas tree of all, obsolete heroes of pre-revolutionary russia and beyond. actually, puppet animation. begins to revive only in the thirties, when the sound film already appeared, when new people appeared. who were interested in not just dolls, but also the combination of dolls and people, what was it? well, you can’t say that these were some unprecedented experiments, but

for soviet animation, of course, this was generally a novelty, because, well, firstly, in the twenties they didn’t understand for a long time. and what actually, artists were the ones to do with this animation, and enthusiasts here is ivan ivanov fanovo, one of the scrapers in soviet animation, who was inspired by the films of stareevich, who started working, and in a small animation workshop at a film factory. engineer on the bar. did promotional films by and large, animation was of an applied nature, it had to advertise products new tapes create titles for feature films and by the end of the twenties, starting to realize in the country that, probably, animation should be launched in a more meaningful applied direction and start working for the children's audience to win the hearts of the children's audience to create not just promotional films that will be for children. well, i don’t know how to motivate to enter the pioneers to behave well, that is, the screen adaptation of fairy tales begins in the world in one way or another, and at that time experiments begin. some yes, the first sound soviet film appears, post-screen adaptation, and

the poems of the synulyak are still barshak, which is created by the artist-lustrator, and mikhail tsekhanovsky, the so-called concept of arrested sound appears, begins to use terminox, including for the sound of animation , and so on. this is a podcast of the saint from einstein i am a film historian stanislavsky with me the studio of my colleague, the history of cinema was given by ryabchikov and today we are talking about russian animation. actually one of such important films. uh, filmed by lev and tamanov, a wonderful soviet director and animator who personally knew stareevich, because as soon as the borders opened, russian animators. soviet animators began to actively travel to foreign festivals lefs of tamans, and ivan ivanovna first of all ran to paris to visit the starevich to get acquainted personally. well , then, what happened next soviet animators began to create their classic films, one of which films began to be watched. others

began to come across abroad and this began. uh, influence, including on japanese anime, which today, well, it seems to dominate the world, and then, in the fifties , soviet films, only japanese animators with great looked with interest and surprise, well, for example. leo atamanov's snow queen let's see a snippet hayao miyazaki himself likes to tell a lot

, it is often repeated in different interviews that for him atamanov's film has become an absolute visual conceptual breakthrough. it was so different from what existed then in japanese animation that it has signs that made it so its here, uh, the main source of inspiration and visually, yes, what does it look like? and how the characters of the snow queen herself are decided there gerds how they develop and so on. and, basically, him. e, very, uh, i admired this ability of soviet animators to draw and paint to create images of, uh, heroes. and here we need to mention not only the directors, but also the animators who created those images that we know and love so far. here, of course, the main figure. it seems to me at least for uh, just for the time he spent in the world and in animation. this is leonid

shvartsman leonid shvartsman who passed away literally, a couple of years ago, at the age of stas with more than years, and we know how to create him or cheburashki yes, leonid shvartsman - it's not easy. uh, cartoonist this is a master of images, because, well, probably, the lion's share of all the characters that we know and see on the screen in our favorite soviet animation. this is schwartzman, this is a kitten named gav, this is cheburashka, this is the snow queen, where she was one of the animators and came up with these images. in general, very often artists animators. this is a big team. there are different specializations. at someone has one strong point. someone else in this schwarzna had exactly ah, mini invent, characters, which in general. and since he saw, he no longer saw , for example, cheburashka, the form that we all know was invented by shvartsman , other artists who illustrated the books of eduard uspensky had absolutely some other contours of the proportions of this character and

eat. yes, it was exactly the idea of ​​​​the legendary road. let's see, of course. pioneers, pioneers, the most real i would also like to walk like that do to become a pioneer understand? here comes another one. it seems to me such an element that makes soviet animation in the sixties, seventies, even eighties so massively, popular so popular

until now, when we had a survey on the issue, in my opinion, in 2014. uh, like what is your favorite cartoon and in first place there well, wait a minute 2014 in second place is masha and the bear in modern and in third place is shrek and uh, a cane from prostokvashino, this is the whole series of prostokvashino, that is, but we still love soviet animation, despite the fact that many full-length films appeared , new heroes appeared, completely new technologies appeared, and even they managed to do it all quite. in general, manually then. indeed, in fact, on stareevich's page, which was founded and in what sense was maintained thanks to or despite the circumstances. these are some handicrafts, because a lot, of course, on their classic cartoon, well, they didn’t do it manually, so to speak, of course there were different workshops that did two different things, but this one, but handicraft work.

in general, everything is done by hand, all this animation was created by enu, as if retaining its character until the very end of the soviet union until the end of this golden period and prostokvashino in this sense it is, well, one of these is also part of the brightest examples on the one hand. this is a continuation of the universe of eduard uspensky a.s. the other side. this is acting animation. here, in fact, are the images that the animators come up with for their heroes, cheburashka money for the crocodile. how should they move on the screen. yes, because the nature of the animation is the nature of the character is manifested precisely in the nature of the movement. here, and the additional background in the case of prostokvashino is, of course, the people who voiced these films. and this is oleg tabakov and this is durov data voiced by his mother. and this, of course, is what gives, but for these characters , life is such a spark, or something, and let's say in winnie the pooh. if it weren’t for leon’s

, there wouldn’t be this winnie the pooh of ours, which is completely special, which, well, even some spectators abroad often are quoted higher than disney's winnich, because it is completely different yes, but prostokvashino and so many fell in love with it, because on the one hand it is a very literary story. she hit a nerve in the soviet audience a and in many ways this story is about assimilation. oddly enough about how children try to be independent and adults. well, in general, why is this story still relevant chew? why is it filming its continuation in our time, because there is such a potential that allows. well, how would children take as an example a certain role model, uncle fedor is a boy, maybe uncle, that's a big question , but there are again talking dogs and cats why are they speaking, no one will doubt this , everyone accepts it, when will you remind the viewer what it looks like? you will go with me? i

went to one of us for a cow, my farm stocks for the winter, we will stay. you'd better come to us for the holidays and visit us on weekends. here, keep it more fun with him, it will be who brought the murzilka magazine there. oh, how inconvenient. forgotten and rightly he is so harmful. i'm sorry, i. why harmful because i didn't have a bike. and now i’ll immediately start to finish and some little animal. what is important, here in these favorite

soviet cartoons and in cheburashka and in well, you wait and in prostokvashino this is already a serial. history is already, uh, something that picks you up, and you can’t live without it and wait for the next series, of course, but in the soviet film industry at the soyuz cartoon it ’s still relatively pinpoint yes , individual stories, but now, of course, children adore and some adults love cartoon series that combine, actually interest for e children's viewer and for an adult viewer. eh, the first thing that comes to mind, of course, is the example of smesharikov. what is their feature? why are they popular? so well, because smeshariki , of course, but at the same time as a good series, as a good innovative film. trying to reach a wide variety of audiences. is there something there that they can understand? what adults can laugh at and in general, this is really a family-friendly movie, but at the same time, sometimes children, of course, don’t notice parodies in this. some adult films, for example, i don't

know any hollywood movie or hitchcock there. well, in general, there, maybe, anything. this is very unexpected and in terms of twists and turns, and the presentation of the material, there is a series, and you rightly noticed about the author's approach, because smeshariki is not just a series, which is one of many. this is a series, one of the creators of which was anatoly prokhorov, a man who stood a-a at the foundations and drains of the film studio. uh, pilot animation studios. the pilot that was created, but you remember the tatar and kovalev, plasticine crow. last year's snow fell , these people. here they are all the eighties, when it became possible, they came to found, in fact, an animation studio. and there, well, in general, a lot of masterpieces were created, and this is the dna that, in my opinion, emphasized stareevich again. and if you remember , the symbolic, of course indirect, is not important, but for all of our patriotic animation. here the author's approach has always dominated and smeshariki is also evident. this, of course, is a franchise, there are many such franchises,

in principle, masha and the bears. here they are very popular abroad. yes russian animation. this is probably the most viable part of the russian film industry. i don't want to see directors of feature films here, especially documentaries, but nevertheless, and this is successfully sold all over the world. and a is a success with a wide variety of children's audiences. well, and as a result, adults, because, well, as it were, adults are not necessary. this is often watched with their children. well, where does it actually grow from? no stareevich directly, but at least from the post-war and animation animations from such figures as students of fyodor savelyevich, three fyodoraschy friend ivan ivanov vano well, for example, a simple chain and ivan ivanovna considered his spiritual mentor a teacher now, and teachers e stanislav. uh, michael watches the kolova who made the movie shit here a few years ago. this is ours, probably the most famous modern one. the puppeteer was just ivanov fans. here you

have an adjective or inconsistency, the same from the cunning. yes his students today is konstantin pierce, who received an oscar for he still shoots his film today, full-length films, and for the mill a studio about heroes. yes, alexander petrov participates in their creation, for example, he works in a unique style of painting , and this is on glass, yes, the old man and the sea, for which he received an oscar and this is mikhail aldashin , such a wonderful master who made the film insects well, many others, all these people are either direct students, or people who, in general, thanks to him, owe him something , and they work both in commercial projects and in those projects that they do for souls, shall we say. but the surgeon, in general, in my opinion, learned from everyone around him and taught others further and, uh, what he does in the sixties. in general, in my opinion, it ’s still unique, when he brought not one trick, but the sound, some kind of scattering, some kind of fan of tricks,

but a set of tricks, when he somehow fantasized gushed with these fantasies, when he even made a cartoon movie movie film which we still er, well, i'm fine. i love it to rewatch my favorite movies. in principle, that is, it is not just some kind of entertainment. and you looked at it and you need to watch it again, because in a year you still have to watch it. let's see now.

you know, it seems terrible to me, and in this film, in addition to showing how difficult a work is born, in principle, the artist’s cunning still shows how difficult it is to give birth to a soviet work, how they walk along these endless corridors, where they increase the script, either they offer to shorten it, or they don’t like something else and constantly redo everything. yes, yes, and the most beautiful thing is that if you climb, as we did, into history the creation of this cartoon itself, the film there is the same with the transcript, when they say tricky, but do you correctly show our film industry to our film industry, but the audience will not create or misrepresent their

impression. or maybe do it like this. or maybe do it like this. or maybe you don't need to show so much. a? and what did you want to say here, the union - it was an amazing, and amazing organism, under the umbrella of which, in general, under the umbrella of soviet animation, people were hiding from some strains of public political in life. late soviet union yes, there you could sit quietly and work, maybe get a small salary, but the budget of an average domestic soviet feature film. well , this is about a few budget of several dozen animated films. well, that is, it’s just that the money that was sent and released for the production of soviet animation was much less than the money that allowed us to see no films of kolosov and about the great patriotic war, and soyuzmultfilm was such an umbrella where people waited out some kind of storm they worked calmly, yes, there were also difficulties there, but it was precisely because of this , because it was a little bit of such a typical atmosphere, that these masterpieces appeared there, which today we know , amazing experiments appeared there, which again decades are reviving

including frame-by-frame what we are now talking about with top-motion animation stareyewicz. here you can recall the wonderful cartoons, and the end of the eighties, which harry barden did. we have, uh, we have little clips from the movie.

marriage is amazing, then he has plasticine, well, plasticine is good, then he has matches, then he has some carnations forward before that, but in general indeed this is a continuation of the puppet tradition, which again goes on, yes, to animate objects that were originally for this absolutely not suitable will be men or two ropes. natalya ryabchikova and my colleague stanislava dedinsky are talking about who and how created domestic films and cartoons about how we can better understand them and get the most out of them pleasure. bye thank you very much,

goodbye. hallelujah on earth