[000:00:00;00] 73, and was born not far from the wonderful russian city, yelets, in a merchant family, lost her father early, and there in yelets he went to the gymnasium to study in yelets, there was only one gymnasium, a gymnasium - this is remarkable because ivan bunin studied there, a-a, future philosopher and priest sergei bulgakov and the geography teacher in this gymnasium was none other than the philosopher vasily vasilyevich rozanov and that’s all. this was around the same time. just imagine a small , beautiful, charming yelets men's gymnasium, which, by the way, has survived to this day and there is now a school there. and once upon a time , almost a century and a half ago, we met there and back in this school. well, they missed each other a little, because bunin was numerically from this gymnasium or left this gymnasium a little earlier than he came to it. he came here in this wonderful building with the pink one, they coincided, and

rozanov actually played a huge role in the fate of prishvin because at first he really appreciated this stubborn dreamer, this dreamer who dreamed of making a journey. one day he ran away from school with his friends on a boat on a quiet river, a pine caught by a police bailiff and returned to the anthem. the boy and roznov supported him in this action in this escape, and then they quarreled, because there were two such roosters, there were two very proud, independent people, a conflict arose between them. this conflict led to the fact that rozanov kicked prishvin out of the gymnasium with a wolf ticket and actually broke his fate. or maybe, on the contrary, he gave him a destiny, it’s really surprising, because

the boy expelled from the yelets gymnasium went to study in siberia, there in tyumen, he graduated from a real school, from there he went to riga, where he began to study agronomy, since the mother was a middle-class landowner, she wanted her son to receive such a normal, solid, very useful profession. but the boy was a dreamer, and there in riga he became friends with the marxists. and the most important action that they performed in riga was these young idealists. these are these young dreamers. they destroyed a brothel in riga to protest against humiliation, and women for all these tricks prishvin was sent to prison for a whole year. she was in solitary confinement. actually. after that, he forever quarreled with the revolution. he fell out with this revolutionary project and the dream of transformation, and the society was on a fair basis. but another interesting event that happened to him in those

young years, and they were once sent to practice in georgia, near the city of gore, in order to study how grapes grow and fight diseases. and this is a disease of grapes; grapes have phylaxers. and prishvin a. later i remembered and wrote my own diary. that in the evenings they drank wine and looked at the young people who danced the lezginka and among these dancers there was one, not a tall, stocky young man with pimples on his face. well, most likely, this is a legend and a meeting between young prishvin and young stalin. it’s unlikely that this happened in reality, but prishin, in general, was a great mystifier, he loved to compose his life, he loved to invent his life, and this fusion of fantasy and dream reality. and in reality. this is such a very important trait of his character, which determined a lot in his

life, and after this one-year sentence in prison. and the mother, who loved her son very much and felt that something should come of him, collected money and sent him to study abroad. he studied in germany and one day he went to paris for the summer holidays. in the course and there in paris he met on a tram a russian girl who lived in paris. her name was varvara petrovna izmalkova. and this girl, whom he had known for only 2 weeks, and it was 2 weeks of such, but chaste walks along the seine and this the girl played a huge role in the fate of the writer, but in fact, in the soul, and the poet, because and between them there was nothing more than these walks and conversations. they parted and never met again, only occasionally corresponded, but they came to forever preserve the image of this

girl as such an unattainable dream, some kind of incredible distant and beautiful love, and in his diary he wrote to her many times, and returned to dedicate his works to her dedicated his stories, maybe, remember he has such a wonderful one. a prose poem called phacelia, and it’s all filled with love for that very same varvara petrovna from malkova after studying abroad. prishvin returned to russia and for some time he actually worked as an agronomist in the klin district of the moscow region, and there he met a simple peasant woman, and who left her husband with a small child , she left, unable to withstand the beatings, and they and prishvin. they agreed and began to live together. she did with his common-law wife. and prishvin was subsequently very grateful to euphrosyne

pavlovna so her name was frosya efrosyne, because she was completely illiterate and could not read and write. she spoke such beautiful russian. she knew so many fairy tale songs and felt the russian soul so well. that, in fact, it was she who discovered prishvin’s russia, and this discovery of russia, the root national people’s russia, meant extremely much to prishvin, he was already well over 30 a and realizing that he did not want to engage in agronomy, did not want to engage in agriculture. prishvin tried to become a writer, therefore a journalist, but it’s easy to say tried to become. after all, these were the years of the silver age. silver age. it really is. such a very special, very complex, very subtle epoch in the history of russian

culture, and one of the features of this era was that there was, so to speak, very high competition, there really were a lot of excellent ones. the makings of a genius were poets, prose writers, playwrights, artists, literary critics, who all started very early, who made their debut very brightly. well, remember the fate of the white block. and bryusov , voloshin, annensky, akhmatova , tsvetaeva, mandelstam, you can name many wonderful names that glorified the russian culture of this time. here he sewed, not folding, a strange statue-like thing, as he called himself and compared himself to such a clumsy hatchet. here he is trying to enter. here in this brilliant society, in this cultural environment, which does not want to accept him, which pushes him

out, because he is a stranger to it and his literary experiments are met with ridicule and rejection. well prishvina was outstanding talent, one of his main and most beloved. it was that by his nature and his psychology he was a hunter, and he was a hunter from god, he was a born hunter. and as a hunter. he understood perfectly well that his happiness. you must be able to take a closer look at the wonderful story, which is called the hunt for happiness, and in this autobiographical story prishvina tells the story of his own entry into literature. and this is how this entry happened. by god, this is very interesting my first book. he wrote in karelia and it turned out that in st. petersburg his neighbor turned out to be a folklorist, a famous polygonalist named anchukov, uh, and. he suggested to his boyfriend. although as a young

pressman he was already 33 years old, and his neighbor went to the olonets province quarry in the summer and then wrote down local fairy tales traditions song so that prishvina made and grafted an amazing story from there. today we would call it a travelogue, which was called in the land of frightened birds, the book's publication was his first having achieved literary success and further, this success moves further to the north, arkhangelsk, solovki, kola peninsula. norway he brings the next book, which is called behind the magic bun and with these two books. he wants to enter the culture of the silver age. and what does it mean for prishvin to enter the culture of the silver age ? was there such an extremely important fact? an extremely important pass in st. petersburg there was a religious and philosophical society, which included the elite of the then

silver age, the best writer and philosophers. uh, church leaders, priests, they gathered in this religious philosophical society to discuss the most important problems of russian life in the pre-revolutionary period. this is the very beginning of the 20th century and before he dreamed of being a participant in these meetings, but the people in charge of these meetings did not want to accept him. eh, she was such a wonderful married couple. whose tazina kipius and dmitry merezhkovsky she is a poet, such a rather angry and bilious critic, who wrote under a pseudonym. anton extreme he is a philosopher, thinker, author of historical novels and the author of symbolist poetry, dmitry merezhkovsky, it was to them that prishvin showed up with his first two books with such a kind of pass into great literature, but he was not allowed further than the threshold and was told, get out of here young man, read the captain’s daughter,

but prishvin was not easy either. he chose the right place for his third trip. this was lake svetloyar, a famous lake in the history of russian literature and russian culture and in russian history in general, because it is with this lake that the famous legend of the city of kitezh is associated. yes, there in the city itself, which sank to the bottom of the lake, when it began to be threatened by an attack, uh , by the tatar-mongols, and uh, oh, this legend was very tenacious, and among the russian people, and every year on the holiday of the summer sun, the state of lake svetloyar a variety of people came, as a rule, they were representatives of various christian religious denominations; they made a religious procession around this lake. moreover, it was a procession of the knee. bowed, that is, they crawled on their knees, the lake is not very large, but not very small. about 3 1/2 there, and km in diameter. so they crawled on their knees

around this lake. eh, they sang songs and it was believed that those who are pure, have a very pure heart, he, like this spiritually , can receive his sight at the bottom of this lake, he can see the city of kitezh, and when he went there he wrote his next book, which was called at the walls of the invisible city . and when he brought this book plaster, and to mereshkovsky, and they themselves had visited this lake several years before and the peasants who came there asked prishvin to give it to dmitry sergeevich berezhkovsky. hello actually with this greeting prishvin and. and a gibion ​​came to the house. from merezhkovsky, he was told to come and go, what they said about us, tell us further when they were invited to make a report at a meeting, and the society and prishvin brilliantly made this report, since he was a very artistic person, despite his statue-

like imagery. what did he call himself? well, at some point he knelt down and crawled across the stage, then crawled down into the auditorium. between the rows, shouting, crawling , crawling, the audience was in ecstasy. and what does it have to do with in a sense, this is exactly how he crept into great russian literature. the most incomprehensible thing in this world is that it is understandable to have an ardent desire to see the true and most complete picture. this is the reason for a person’s desire for new knowledge. and if you collect all the available facts, then you can explain any phenomenon in the universe, and on the path to understanding the world it is very important to continue asking questions and finding answers to them. as they have been doing for many years in the intellectual club. what where

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have arrived in a limousine. lies with the father's family what your real wife did in the car with her first husband is exactly what the investigation will establish. this is the podcast life of the wonderful with you. i will slander his leading writer alexey varlamov. today we are talking about the wonderful writer and philosophical thinker michael mikhailovich prishvina . prishvina made him a truly great writer, like many others. in fact , the writers of that time made a revolution , a revolution that he did not accept at first, and

even more so in january 1918. prishvin was arrested, a new one was arrested, and the authorities imprisoned him in the peter and paul fortress. so he for the second time in his life he found himself in prison after the tsarist prison. it was, uh, the prison was more harsh; fortunately, i didn’t stay very long, only 2 weeks. now, but when he left this prison he came across an article by alexander blok, whose article he really loved, which was called revolution by the intelligentsia. and a. prishvin reacted with anger to the article where the bloc called on the russian intelligentsia to listen to the music of the revolution prishvin reprimanded the bloc and wrote that there was no music in the revolution. and that the revolution is chan boiling and it’s not the artist’s job to throw himself headlong into this chan as the block did and calls on the russian intelligentsia to do the same

, but the artist’s job is to stand on the edge of this chan and, as it were, record it. yes, it’s summer to write, to honestly describe what is happening around you. what is his disagreement with the bloc? what happened to prishvin? why? he nevertheless accepted, accepted, in the end, soviet power, and how did this happen? the fact is that prishvin put the revolution into civil war - this is the most russian turmoil of 1917. and this is very true important. moreover, first of all, a briefing historian, first of all a writer with a huge public temperament, it’s another matter that in the course of his life. he hid this passion of his. he hid it in a diary that was intended for future generations, but nevertheless in a diary carefully kept by him - all this is read today. so he came and made the diagnosis of the russian revolution that it was a war between the peasants and the bolsheviks, but it is very important to emphasize that

he did not initially take part in this war, neither one nor the other side, because by his nature he was such a personal indy list , the most important thing for him was the cult of creativity in man and he believed that both the bolsheviks and the peasants were the enemy. this personal individual principle in a person, but at some point, because men - this is in the eyes of the people, you can agree to disagree with this, but his view is such that men carry within themselves such an anarchic principle, an anti-state principle, self-destructive, and the bolsheviks are the state will, but the will is very cruel and actually. this very popular anarchy and this state principle in the bolsheviks. this is the essence of russian history after 1917, and at some point prishvin , who at that time lived in a russian village and

saw with his own eyes the processes that were taking place there, led to the conclusion that the bolsheviks were the lesser evil. he has such a wonderful story called the worldly cup and one of the heroes of this story is a commissioner named persyuk and prishvin writes in his diary about this commissioner that persyuk is drunk in his hands kept our rus' from collapse. this was his own conclusion, which he, as it were, came at the cost of his own life experience, and that’s all. this was reflected in his prose then. he also wrote such a highly social artistic rose. and then he wrote this very story, which i already called the worldly cup. and i tried to publish this story; the civil war had already ended. the nep began, publishing life revived, and they came to me and ran into soviet censorship, which was very strict. then

what is printed with us when taught pelnik, a wonderful soviet writer, with whom they came not only to be friends, but at least to support him. such friendly relations are like pelnyak upon request. prishvina conveyed this story to trotsky, namely lev davydovich trotsky, it was he who was then responsible for soviet ideology, for soviet culture, and in general for this soviet agenda. trotsky read and made the following verdict: i recognize the story’s artistic merits, but it is entirely counter-revolutionary and counter-relational. and when prishvin read this he made the most important conclusion for himself that he would not make a writer who writes on social topics, that he needed to get away from this social agenda, get away from politics , get away from public life, to find a niche for himself , and nature became such a niche for him. actually. so he started with this from the other side. yes, his first things are also largely devoted to the theme of

nature and man. and he seems to understand that he must return again to where he started, it is nature that will save him, nature will protect him disguises it, and he begins to write these wonderful books of his, and such as springs of berendey is another thing. the title of this story is less poetic ; he likes the calendar of nature no less, so he writes a wonderful philosophical poem in prose called zhen. where he also glorifies this theme of lost unity. man and nature and in a sense , calls for a return to this, and this is a look at the distorted, but subject to cure, human nature. this is in prishvin, it was very important, but the most it’s interesting that, paradoxically , this philosophical, seemingly apolitical

, asocial prose, far from the topic of the day , met with an incredible response from the then russian soviet reader. why? because tired of social upheavals, tired of cataclysms, tired of wars and revolutions, people wanted normal lives, people wanted to read. it was something permanent that people wanted to grab hold of, some kind of clamp. they arrived on the eve of the revolution, he wrote that there was a creak. no, he seemed to feel that society was collapsing , only those in transit had the staples. which they fly, uh, back and forth in the fall and spring, and this is the bond in the image of nature in the form of birds, animals, dogs. this turned out to be surprising. eh, requested by the reader. and in principle, the authorities looked at this normally, the authorities admitted that even if in this palette of soviet literature he is not very rich, but still in the palette

of soviet literature there will be such a strange writer, whom we will allow to write on topics far from the topic of the day and in fact, this is exactly how prishvin became established during his lifetime as a wonderful writer, who everything was fine, he had books coming out. his collected works were published, he received large fees, he had a wonderful apartment, then he would have a wonderful dacha, you had several cars. in general, he really loved the car. it's interesting that this writer is here. it would seem so. so the man adored the achievements of science and technology. that's how he went to the extremely frightened birds with a camera and brought back wonderful photographs of the olonets region, and now he traveled in his own car. u he had a rather large suv, as we would say today, and in this suv he traveled to a variety of places, he climbed far from moscow in different

seasons, and floods, floods, and rivers, he had such a wonderful tale of nature, which it is called not dressed, but spring. and here is prishvin, a traveling hunter, who actually wrote in his diary that all this was given to him by the soviet government. after all, it was the soviet government that paradoxically nominated this writer. how would i lift this writer from the third row to the first, because his competitors, in quotes , either ended up in exile or ended up underground. prishvin becomes such a very important very large figure in russian soviet literature, but at the same time it is very important to emphasize that he does not sell himself. he doesn’t make any compromises, he really found a niche for himself, he found a theme for himself. he found such a position for himself, but not this, as if this were not all.

this is not all about prishvin. but everything about the press is pressed, as i already said, this is his a diary in which we will find such a not short course on the history of the soviet union, i would say a full course, starting with the first russian revolution, because he begins to keep his diary in 1905 and beyond the first world war. the revolution of the seventeenth year is a civil war. well, i’m into collectivization, stalin’s terror, and life more broadly in the soviet union in the thirties , the great patriotic war, post-war restoration and the death of stalin and the people. he himself died in january 1954 and kept his diary until his last day. this whole community, all this complexity, all this colossus of russian soviet life at that time , is reflected in its most dramatic, and fractures. e in this diary, a diary that

prishvin is a very smart, sharp-eyed person. i understood perfectly well that during his lifetime. this cannot be published, and he addressed this to you and me and this was his conscious life strategy. prishvin came up with an ideal writing strategy, which was simultaneously focused on the contemporary reader and the reader of the future, and in both cases he succeeded in this too i mean, prishvin’s biography is real. such a wonderful wonderful full-blooded biography. although it had its own difficulties, and one of these difficulties. one of these, how you can cut out one of the cracks, happened, as it seems to me, in 1933, when prishvin was an equally famous, recognized, and soviet writer with a rich revolutionary past, and he was 60 years. and so, in the year

of his anniversary, prishvina went to the places where he wrote his first book in that very extreme frightened birds, vlonets region, where now everything has changed, because it was there that the famous white sea-baltic canal was built. he went on this trip with his son. and he saw , he saw what was built, he saw how it was built, and he honestly wrote about everything in his diary. he saw hungry people. he saw corpses in the forests. he saw this hard slave labor. he saw here the price that the russian people paid for this construction. all of russia was on the channel , he writes in his diary. and when, during this journey, the nkvd officer, well, more precisely, the ogpu then yes, and the punitive bodies were called

ogpu. but it is clear that they accompanied him, even without their participation. this trip could not take place; they invited him to speak at such a spontaneous rally. this was , perhaps, one of the most dramatic moments of his life, when he, a prosperous , honest, wise writer, teacher of life, philosopher, found himself in front of a crowd of prisoners, humiliated people without rights. he had to tell these people something. it was very psychological. yes, it’s difficult and unbearable. he tried to pick some words. he tried to reassure them. he tried to give them some kind of consolation; he told them that even in these terrible conditions one should not lose courage. and we must try to treat our work as creativity. and he himself

understood. someone sounded false, he himself was tormented by the understatement and agreement of what he said, and this was such a wound that, it seems to me , shook his integral, chaste life, and as an artist he felt at that moment that he could no longer just write about nature and beautiful birds and dogs cannot only have this journalistic beginning, this journalistic fervor. he can’t just hide it in a diary addressed to the future generation. he felt that he had to speak out. here and now it was, as it were, his human writing duty in russian. it was very clear. and when he began to write his most complex, most incomprehensible, most painful novel, which later received the name sudarev’s road. why was the novel called that, because in fact the idea was to build

the white sea-baltic canal, a originally belonged to peter the first, but peter could not do it. although i tried and tried to do it. by the way, this is also very cruel means at the village there is a note in the diary that when peter traveled to these places, and it should also be noted that these places are traditionally the places of the raskolnikov, the habitat of the old believers, with whom peter had a very severe conflict. when peter moved along this road, a gallows was riding behind him. and on this gallows sat those peasants, those rebels who did not want to submit to him, and the brifin was already thinking about this sick nerve of russian history about this relationship between goals and means and, in essence , the road in sudarev’s novel. prishvin writes the first russian or soviet gulag archipelago , the first work dedicated to this

labor of forced labor, the situation of forced labor and its main characters, and the prisoner guards become its main characters. security guards. the head of the camp is the construction that is taking place and prishvin tried to bring some kind of harmony into this terribly disharmonious situation. he i wasn’t trying to justify her. he tried to comprehend it. he wrote. i began writing this novel for many years in the mid-thirties almost until the end of my life. it was then that he wrote in his diary, there was nothing to do. i am a communist, because after all, he came to the conclusion that the soviet government was right. she was right in her goals, and for prishvin, the soviet stage is not the end point of soviet history. this is exactly the stage. this is precisely a cruel and difficult transitional moment, but it is no coincidence that he liked to compare everything with himself.

life with your biography. here, his geography teacher, philosopher rozanov, suddenly appears in his diary, who once kicked out a rebellious anarchist boy from the gymnasium and the boy suffered greatly from this, did not commit suicide, but managed to overcome his pain, his resentment and became a great writer and philosopher. why did soviet children learn to read and write books in the same way as those from a large country. something similar should happen. shaivism should give the russian people the people of a huge country. this is the vaccine to statehood, without which the country will not be able to move forward. but the tragedy of the writer prishvin was that under the conditions of soviet censorship in the forties and early fifties, the topic of camps was strictly prohibited and he was simply not allowed to publish this book and she