[000:00:00;00] citations, background mentions, everything else and some basic things, that’s how they are leveled out , you and i know very well that there is a kind of european school, an american school, we get into a fight, if we need to apologize later, we will apologize, the concept of respectability, the same financial times, it’s scary to imagine that i will apologize for the mistake i made, as my editor-in-chief said, it’s not important to write first, the main thing is to write on time, well... this is very wise, but today we have such formats as supplemented news, that’s okay, but corrected news, but unfortunately, we’ll have to gather our thoughts, probably more than once, i have one last question for you, i would like to ask you to dissuade

the person who is going to become a journalist, that is, to turn to him to say that you don’t need to become if you, well, continue, that’s how you want, you don’t want fame, you don’t want big money, you don’t want popularity, you don’t want to live all the time, in a rush, always in some kind of movement, you don’t want to be in the center all the time events, don’t go into journalism , thank you, you’re not interested in what’s happening on the next street, on the outskirts of your city , in the next city, in the next republic, in the next country, on another continent, you don’t care, you can live without news and a day, and two, and a week, it’s enough for you, uh, the juice in which you ’re stewing, and you have nothing to share with others, you’re not interested in the world, and you’re not interesting in the world, don’t go into journalism, thank you, dear friends , dear

applicants, their parents. it was brilliant master class, thank you very much, elena leonidovna vartanova, yaroslavich skvartsov, i’m vladimir legoeda, we were gathering thoughts about what journalism is, what and how to teach journalists, thank you, see you again. hello, i'm dmitry bak, here is a literary podcast, let them not talk, let them read. today, as always, we are talking about reading about literature, i repeat, as usual, that you can read ancient manuscripts, you can read electronic devices, newspapers, magazines, books, it is important that you read because reading and literature are a wonderful activity, fashionable, cool, as they say now, and

today we will talk about a person who... changed our reading circle, and the reading circle is just an expression that is associated with the fat lion, because it is about lev nikolaevich tolstoy that we will talk, so we are talking today with his two great-great-grandsons, or rather with his great-great-grandson and great-great-granddaughter, fyokla tolstoy and vladimir tolstoy, fyokla tolstoy, journalist, tv presenter, and head of the tolstoy digital project. vladimir tolstoy, adviser to the president of the russian federation on culture, for many years, vladimir ilyevich headed the yasnaya polyana museum-reserve, well , who else if not you should know about tolstoy something that maybe not everyone knows, that’s what we’ll talk about today. what is it like to be a descendant of tolstoy, how does it all feel, let’s try to talk about it, let’s start with yasnaya

polyana, of course, because this is... a place of power, who should we start with, maybe, let’s, let’s thekla, let’s start with you, in general of course, if we talk about yasnaya polyana, then it’s probably right to start with volodya, because volodya in 1994 he became the director of yasnaya polyana, it was such a return of fat people to the museum, because fat people have always been associated with the museum, volodya, after all, what happened in the mid-nineties, like this, some kind of event it was for you, what started to open? how yasnaya polyana lived then, how it lives now , and the oldest memories, this is how they surfaced, my oldest memories are connected with my childhood in a completely different place, in troitsky, in the moscow region, on the klyazma reservoir, i spent my entire early childhood there , in fact was born in the village of severny, which was not yet part of moscow at that time, and i just

remember well that at... at some point i got sick, i started reading quite early, i asked my dad to advise me to read something, i was, this is preschool time, that is...' maybe 6 years old, and dad gave me - two books, my life at home in clear glade, my sisters sofia andreevna, tatyana andreevna kuzminskaya, and my memories of ilya lvovich tolstoy, our common great-grandfather, great-grandfather from thekla, vladimir and thekla are cousins, your relatives, yes, second cousin, yes, to make it clear, here is lev nikolaevich, and he has 13 children. one of his sons, the third child, the eldest sergei, then tatyana, the third child ilya, ilya lvovich, here he is our common great-grandfather, and then, what is the pedigree, this is interesting, then ilya lvovich also has eight

children, including two son, my grandfather ilya, and my grandfather vladimir, here they are, brothers, and then, fyoklin’s father nikita ilyevich and mine. father ilya vladimirovich are cousins, and you are second cousins, and we are second cousins, yes, simply, oleg vladimirovich and his offspring, these are the ilchis, we generally pass through everything like the ilchis, our grandfathers are here, volodin’s grandfather is sitting on tatyana the lion’s lap in white, and my grandfather to the right is there on andriyevich’s knees, too, like this is an auntie. the very girl on the left is the eldest sister of our grandfathers, and the eldest granddaughter, the first granddaughter of lev nikolaevich, yes, in fact, it’s our part of the family that’s mostly not here, it’s true

that ilya lvovich is not there, but there is sofya nikolaevna, his wife, daughter-in-law ilva nikolaevich and sophia andreevna, here she is right behind ilva nikolavicharo’s children, and the children, yes, five children, mikhail, andrey. volodya and ilyushok, here is another photo, yes, here is the wonderful alexandra lvovna, sashenka’s beloved daughter, yes, at such an amazing age, she is a very, generally important person, and for yasnaya polyana, an important person for her father, the youngest daughter who dedicated life, yes life, dedicated to his father, here is just ilya lvoevich, in the top row standing the very left ilya lvoevich, lev lvoevich, alexandra lvovna, eldest son lvoevich, andrey lvoevich,

masha, tanya and mikhail. these lines, which then, after the revolution, were scattered by fate across a variety of countries, we still count them that way for children, for example, the mikhalics in france in america, the lvovichs in sweden. tatiana's descendants in italy, that's how we more or less think in the czech republic and everyone associated with our families, we are called serbian fats, because the history of our families is connected with such an important period of their lives, the difficult period of emigration to yugoslavia, to serbia, here we are, fat serbians, and so when my dad told me gave these two books, and they both unusually described the clear clearing as such an amazing place, happy, joyful, and i really wanted to go there, and

my first visit, it gave birth to very mixed feelings in me, we came to the house, we really can’t to say that we were really happy there, but of course we ended up in tolstoy’s house. i was struck by its kind of gloominess, the windows were curtained so as not to let in the light, i remember this dark linnoleum on the floor, at the entrance to the doima, i was very, that is, nothing touching, don’t look anywhere, here he lived, he was very disappointed, and then he not only reconciled, but fell in love with the clear clearing, as soon as we left the house we found ourselves, we went, i remember, to a slanted clearing, somewhere just... an amazing place in russia, but this is the first feeling, i actually came to

the museum with it in 1994, i wanted the house to become alive, residential and bright again, how this life was arranged, in general, how it was all there happened, in different years it happened differently, because lech nikolaevich and... andreevna lived a long life together for almost, almost half a century, in 602, they got married, got married, in 910 leo nikach. passed away, here are 48 years of life, in which there were very different periods, at the beginning of the birth of older children, uh, each of whom writes about a very happy childhood in yasnaya polyana, and sergei lvovich, tatyana lvna, then there were more difficult periods, at first the family lived mainly in her own circle, uh, the sister i mentioned, tatyana. andreevna, who married kuzminsky

, came with children, stayed for the summer, it was like that, the children were small, playing, it was fun, we came up with some games, mailboxes, wrote some poems, the box is a real legend, tell us, a well-known story, where just family members wrote without signing, some notes, about each other, with poems, with some stories, then everyone read it together happily, discussed it, laughed, and this is like such a family, family game, well described by tatyana andreevna, kuzminskaya, but there were other family legends, but the most famous legend about the search for the green sticks, it's all

connected with the name of his older brother, a man in family and for his younger brothers and sister he told them incredible stories and came up with games, there are many of them, one of them is the search for a green stick on which is written the secret of happiness for all mankind, and if it is found and read, then there will be no more in the world there are no, no wars, no deaths, no, no poverty, there is such a secret, this green stick is buried in a clear clearing, exactly in the place where lev nikolaevich later bequeathed to bury himself, wow, what a wonderful metaphor it builds, that tolstoy indeed i have been looking for this green stick all my life, yes, and indeed for us it is buried in a clear clearing.

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without overpayments. as we age, changes in vision can change the way things are done. toufon was created to nourish, restore and preserve the youth of the eyes, it is recommended to use daily for 3 months, three courses per year. tulfon is now in new packaging, designed specifically for course use. the composition of acipol is unique; it contains the component kiferan. to strengthen the immune system and live lactobacilli to restore the microflora acipol, improve the intestines, strengthen the immune system. we continue our conversation, which at. timed to coincide with the not-round , but important anniversary of tolstoy, lev nikolaevich turns 195 years old, and today we are talking about leo tolstoy, with his wonderful descendants, with thekla tolstoy, curator of the tolstoy project digital, journalist, tv presenter and

vladimir tolstoy, advisor to the president of the russian federation on culture, a man who for many years headed the nikolaevich tolstoy reserve museum, yasnaya polyana. tolstoy became a more and more famous person every year and decade, did this bother you or? i think that over time, of course, this began to weigh heavily on him, this publicity, public attention, the number of people who came to yasnaya polyana, journalists, photographers, then cameramen, when the cinema came and asked. it’s not easy, you still have to think and write, you mentioned about videographers, now we’re just going to watch a few short videos, after all, cinema was still made by cameramen, of course, on the anniversary day in the eighth year,

almost nothing in 1908. just lev nikolaevich on the balcony, that’s all, and now tolstoy’s walk... in chertkov’s estate there is a krekshina and here, despite the quality of the shooting, it’s quite a repin shot, yes, not a shot, a plan, a solitary walk of lev nikolaevich, vladimir grigorievich chertkov, also very an important person, there are many conflicts and disputes around his figure, but nevertheless, here is a meeting in moscow, and fat people are in moscow, a completely different story, this is what we were talking about, yes, a crowd of people, this is not just a crowd of people, who meet other people, but many pay attention to the fact that in the newspaper there was an announcement that fat people were coming to the bryansk station, and this is a whole event for moscow, you also have to understand that tolstoy

, of course, was such a bigot, but if translated into modern language , behind him journalists were hunting, and if, for example, it was just step by step, when the newspapers printed what his temperature was or what the state of his stomach was already when he was sick and of course this attention was very painful in the last years of his life, but this is not only we can look at it from the other side, that tolstoy was an incredibly important... figure for society, here is footage of filming on the day of his eightieth birthday, this is a whole year, the entire russian society spoke out 908, and spoke out about tolstoy, and this speaks more about the role played by lev nikolaevich, discussing tolstoy,

the most important issues of that time were discussed, well, such an absolute moral authority, even. where disputes arose, well, there is a well-known phrase, tolstoy tells chekhov that shakespeare is a barbarian, but your plays are even worse, yes, but it is clear that shakespeare is not a barbarian, chekhov’s plays are also quite worthy, but this is what tolstoy says, so for this there are some reasons, well, it’s no coincidence that chekhov wrote after tolstoy’s death, or rather i even added that the fat one is about to die and everything will go to hell after. everyone wrote that if tolstoy had been alive, this might not have happened, maybe some catastrophes would not have happened, this is probably a mistaken opinion, probably the course of history is still as

inexorable as it is, but here is his assessment contemporaries was such that the authority, the moral authority of tolstoy was so great, juice , that some global catastrophic events might not even have happened, well, yes, indeed, lev nikolaevich for russia, yes not only for russia, for the whole world, this will not be an exaggeration, such an absolute moral authority, there are several people like him in the world, but the same gandhi in his own way, yes, gandhi, a student of tolstoy, as a student of tolstoy, of course, at the same time, lev nikolaevich really strived for something directly opposite to this fame, he wanted. be understandable to the simplest person, this is his main idea, i would like to read a few paragraphs from the alphabet, this is a famous text, and lev nikolaevich was also a great teacher who argued with... with his great contemporaries in this area, who believed that theoretical knowledge is harmful, that a person should be able

to sign, count, navigate the world, if it is simple, this is a controversial idea, but it is what it is, and when they explained it to us aggregative states of matter, they said that h2o has three aggregative states: water, ice, and steam, yes, that’s how tolstoy writes about this: going out into the quiet frosty winter. in a field or forest, look around you, listen, there is snow everywhere, the rivers are frozen, dry grass sticks out from under the snow, trees they stand naked, nothing moves, freeze cast iron with water, it will turn to stone, put the frozen cast iron on the fire, the ice will crack, melt , move, the water will begin to sway, gurgle, then as it begins to boil, it will hum, swirl, and the light also becomes heat, no heat, everything is dead, there is heat, everything moves and lives,

little heat, little movement, more heat, more movement, where does the heat of light come from? warmth from the sun, walks, the sun is low in winter, does not rest its rays on the ground, nothing moves, the sun will begin to walk higher above heads, it will shine against the ground, everything in the world will warm up and yes, there are several themes from physics, yes, this is not about physics, this is not about physics, this is, this is about love, this is about love, yes, but this is physics, you must admit, so alive, based on experience, you must agree, how the artist in tolstoy is manifested, no matter how he writes, simply about how the water in the pot is heated, after all, behind all these important words, that tolstoy, the amazing deepest thinker in doom, he is still an artist, and he is a simple,

ordinary person who wants to be heard by ordinary people, he is a completely complex and unusual person, he is a personality of amazing magnitude , incredible , there are very few of them in the entire history of mankind, very few, but at the same time in his youth he had vanity, and a desire to be famous, a desire for fame , and then he somehow tried to eradicate this feeling in himself, and uh, to become simpler, to become simpler , yes, but at the same time, it’s still as if even in such a short passage you can really see what a great artist, and it’s no coincidence, he probably said himself that the alphabet is in general, his main work, which for him was perhaps more important than war and peace. and anna korinina, and his personal experience, of course, already in his youthful and young

diaries, there is this polemic with oneself, yes, that i was like this and that, i will become better, i will become simpler, it seems to me that in general, diaries, which, unfortunately, people of course read less than works of fiction, are an absolutely incredible text, absolutely, where this internal self-improvement takes place, the struggle with one’s... shortcomings, with one’s own even sins, and this is an incredibly important text , i would highly recommend it, especially to young people, the diaries of a young tolstoy, you can believe in yourself when you read and uh, you understand that tolstoy was not perfect either, absolutely, yes, that’s what it is , the accepted expression, it seems to me that

it’s thick, well, it’s just parekse. described all the steps in this direction, but from a certain moment another time began, the time of late tolstoy began, the so-called, yes, these are already those years when lev nikolaevich, first partially and then completely, abandoned publication, at least of works of art, when he writes such works as i can’t remain silent, what is my faith, these are rather philosophical treatises, and public ones, and so on and so forth, that ’s probably what served as the limit, a book that bears such the traditional name is confession, there are many confessions in the history of literature, and tolstoy actually relied on, among other things , the confession of rousseau, rousseau was generally an extremely important figure for him, starting from his early youth, so. this is just a conversation about itself important through his personal experiences, such extreme frankness, this confessional

openness of lev nikolaevich is also very important for us. and this text is very strong, serious and non-fiction, at the same time, just now, it is very difficult to divide into fiction and non-fiction, tolstoy has a lot of texts that, perhaps, are now not so well known to a wide audience, but we have made such a project word tolstoy, where they collected all tolstoy’s texts and you can see how many artistic texts, how many publications, i wonder what read other than three great novels? well, these are separate statistics for study, but it just seems to me that the general reader does not imagine how much tolstoy wrote, how many pages of his texts were devoted to philosophical, religious and philosophical issues, this is probably the largest part. yes, there is a very lively publicity, that is to say that tolstoy is known

primarily as the author of literary texts, but there is also a huge legacy... something else, it is attractive, it is intelligible, it is convincing, it is perfect and chernyshevsky very correctly formulated, not the closest person in spirit to tolstoy, the purity of moral feeling , this is what i mean, if we return to the definition that dima gave, ordinary and simple, that was important to tolstoy, here you can approach him from the other side, tolstoy these simple human ones were important... the most important, and he raised them both for himself and for everyone else, in this sense, you can consider him like that too, again in a parallel way, of course, he is not simple, very complex nature, but not every complex nature strives to be understandable to as many people as possible, so i tried

to sum it up, that is why the death of tostov , according to him, became such an event and one of those also depicted in detail on and of course this is also an amazing document of the era of time and the people bearing tolstoy's coffin from kozlova zaseka station to yasnaya polyana and these crowds of people who follow this coffin, this is, of course, an incredible film document of the era, if you think about how you see tolstoy's grave, then this is probably the most modest grave in the whole world there is nothing, there is no inscription, no cross, there is nothing, a small mound, in fact, according to his plan, there shouldn’t even be a mound, it just had to go into the ground, level with the ground, that’s already it’s such a museum tradition that you still somehow designate a place, as it were

, a burial. of course, let’s now move on to modern times and how does tolstoy’s legacy live on now? volodya , let’s start, probably, with what ’s happening in clear glade, with writers’ meetings, with this spirit that has been revived, well, that’s it one of my main ideas was to make yasnaya polyana again such an open place, very ... and a place where modern creators, including modern writers, would joyfully, with pleasure, come, and the first writers' meetings, they were, well, i was in ninety-four year, came to yasnaya polyana, and already in 95 the writers gathered in september around tolstoy’s birthday, that is, this

has practically been going on for more than a quarter of a century, right? yes, yes, this is 20, 8 years in a row, every autumn the writers come together in a clear day clearing, we can probably even say that a generation has passed away of those who opened these meetings, started them, well, thank god anatoly andreevich kim is alive there, with whom we somehow came up with this and started it, but valentin, kurbatov is missing , there are not many, but now you can just look at the photographs, as if, except for valentin yakolevich , all the active ones, valentin yakolevich, kurbatov, the legendary, amazingly talented, alexey varlamov, pavel vasinsky, who became the main researcher in yasnaya polyana modern biography of tolstoy, vladislav otoroshenko, one of the first laureates of the esnopolyanskaya prize, igor petrovich zolotusky, our legendary critic,

the god of health, here is antoliy andreevich kim. one of the initiators of the yasnaya polyana magazine, then the yasnaya polyana literary prize, that is , we can say that the writers' meetings were somehow consolidated. such a group of writers who worked in different genres, who became the center of attraction, everyone communicated and then corresponded throughout the year, maintained these contacts, there was a lot made in order to somehow... really people , it seems to me that it worked out, it is very important to me that there are always families and children there, it is very important that the children there become friends, there are two dozen of them, children

of writers, communicate with each other with a friend, well, we talked about the fact that since the nineties, the mid-nineties, yasnaya polyana again became such a family place, a family place, and it was great happiness that our children grew up there, well, firstly, mine and i were born in yasnaya polyana , vanya and andrey, wonderful, andrey just got married, just recently, that the mouth of the fat ones will continue here, of course, how many descendants are there now ? we approach it formally, yes, if these are descendants, let’s say daughters, tatiana, they do not bear the surname tolstoye, but for us, we say so, they are just fat, of course, they are relatives to us, of course, that is, a whole bunch of projects have arisen, the yasnaya polyana prize , is also unique,

i never tire of repeating, it is unique in that this is a russian literary award, but it has an international nomination, it seems to me that in russia, and before that in the soviet union , there was an amazing school of translators, but our readers always perceived the translated literature as their own, well, yes, that’s why popularity, i don’t know himinggue , a remark, yes, you can name dozens of names from different literatures, american, english , french, thanks to translations, they became part of our culture, yeah, well, then tolstoy is such a figure, truly a worldwide, international figure, and tolstoy is translated into all possible languages ​​of the world, and the translator read tolstoy. and also the translator, of course, someone told how he was one of the greats, in my opinion, one of the nobel laureates, because two nobel laureates, yes, pamuk and vargas llosa arhan pamuk and mario vargas

llosa, a turak and a peruvian, two great modern writer, laureate of yasnaya polyana, yasnaya polyana prize, someone said that when he received a letter with tolstoy’s signature, i was just, to put it mildly, surprised, everything was clear right away, yes, well, what else... maybe there will be an international nomination for what prize, tolstoy's tradition is a living tradition, yes, i am proud that the foreign writers who received our iznokopolyansk prize are very proud of it, they all talked about, literally, each of them, what role tolstoy's reading played in their lives, what, how important is the fat figure for them, we are proud of all our laureates, regardless, there were... they were nobel prize winners, whether they are known all over the world or not, but these are very bright writers, and i hope that this series will continue, that’s in the past year there was

a chinese author, we had a writer from chile, leletlier, in my opinion, is wonderful, very interesting, and such an american writer of japanese origin became our first laureate of this prize, otherwise, let them not talk, let them read, i remind you, i ’m not ashamed, we are just proud of these, everyone who sees us, hears us, in a month you will know, new names, new names you will learn, but tolstoy, with all his desire for tradition and something familiar, he is still a very modernist person, yes, he, for example, loved technology, he was in 1908 by edison he gave me a phonograph, lev nikolavich was very interested in it. at first he even thought that this could replace the secretary, it didn’t, but nevertheless , here is the time to move on to new technologies, is tolstoy compatible with what is familiar to the younger generation, here’s thekla, i

know, everyone knows that you - initiator, participant, inspirer of several large projects, here - we have marathons of reading and marching, well, look, i would be here, of course, the technologies are excellent, but just like - in the recordings of ilv nikolaevich’s voice, it is important for us not only that they exist, although we hear his voice, what he said is quite it is important, also technology, then and now it is important that they... serve some things more serious and more meaningful, but uh, of course, i think that new technologies inspired lev nikolaevich and i think that he would have been very supported, say, the internet, because he was for absolutely free and preferably free distribution of knowledge, yes, of his texts, he is creating an intermediary publishing house, which,

the books should be as cheap as possible. on each reprint is permitted free of charge, and we, inspired by this and generally continue absolutely tolstoy's testaments, we probably put them on the internet 10 years ago, here are 90 volumes of lev nikolaevitch, they were scanned, but the pictures are difficult to read, then with the help of volunteers, the main thing is, yes, no, it was interesting for us, we there was a plan for several months there, everything was done in 10 days, all the plans went to hell, because, because people with such joy from many countries, of course, russian-speaking people helped us proofread tolstoy, so that there were these texts on the internet, and when we they asked, what made you take dozens and dozens of pages, help again and again , they say, of course, what is written...

ulva nikolaevich and this project, yes, this project, the living pages that we make, this is such the same way, we are not adding anything, there is no interpretation of literature-knowledge here, but here there is help for the younger generation, well, somehow to enter, some entry scenarios, new navigation scenarios and new entry scenarios, on war and peace, for example , for example, on war and peace, yes, but you know, well, there, let’s say, the table of contents, war and peace, when we noted which military... which peaceful ones, well, we already got such an infographic, right? and if we talk about the project of readings that we did several , we started with anna korenina, but here you understand, again, it’s not about technology, these technologies, why did we come up with all this, because they make us understand that we are united not only borders or language, we are united by culture, and at the same time for me this is the idea that literature is

for everyone. every person can read in his this will resonate with your soul. it seems to me that lev nikolayevich would be happy about such a unification, because this unification in the name of something good, this is what he said, that if good people united, then a lot of things could be done, well here we are taking some modest steps, and of course, this is important for young people, because if people have already grown up with a gadget in their hand, please, a thick woman can also be in a gadget, why not, of course, we know that for the bicentenary of leo nikolaevich , very serious measures will be taken to state level, there is a decree of the president of the russian federation about this, a lot will be restored, restored, and so on and so forth, but now i would really like everyone who hears and sees us now to listen, not even to the voice of the fat man,

but to ourselves we discovered in ourselves those feelings, those emotions and most importantly those questions that are still relevant for us, i sincerely thank vladimir tolstoy, vekla tolstoy, well, in conclusion, as always , i urge everyone who sees us to hear us, read with pleasure. this is news on channel one, in the studio dmitry sumskoy, hello. large-scale fortification, military equipment and manpower of the enemy were destroyed, this is the result of a massive missile strike on the positions of ukrainian militants by russian aerospace forces. the mission was carried out by airplanes. a pair of stormtroopers