[000:00:00;00] to this one, he didn’t care, he was filming, we already talked about it slowly and carefully , because he, and he had been in conflict all his life, with anyone you want, so to put it so boldly, he could have been in conflict with len film, he could be in conflict with the regional committee, he could be in conflict with the kremlin, and this is what made him german, this... charged him, but there is a second person in my life, i kind of did the same when i worked in the taganka theater, after the chyukin school, yuri petrovich lyubimov was the same as only they didn’t allow anything, they interfered, that’s when he was the most powerful, the most, these are people, this is something from the soviet union, this is something the more they prohibit, the more talented people

resist and invent. i remind you that this is a podcast of a witness from einstein, i am film historian stanislav dezdinsky, and my colleague natalya ryabchikova, today we are talking with leonid yarmolnik, our guest, thank you, i am very pleased, if now it’s hard to look at being a god, what is it? , this is social criticism, these are radical statements, artistic, how should we treat the film today, and how to interpret it, how can you possibly explain it to your grandchildren? or are you explaining now what this movie is about, because well, it’s still too early for mine, they are still , well, in a few years, yes, because 3 hours is enough of such a spectacle filled with everyday details, sometimes very unpleasant, but how is it, that is, it’s like you really need to let it go through yourself, it’s better, of course, in a cinema hall, and not on a small screen, because a lot will be lost, but still, well, if my

grandchildren will have teachers who decide that the whole class there or the whole course needs to be shown that picture, then i will be happy, because you really need to watch a movie in the cinema hall next to you, because when you watch in the hall next to you, then you are insured against the fact that you won’t understand or feel something, because there is the breath of the audience, and if you are distracted or don’t understand something, then the person sitting next to you and the breath of the hall in general helps you, how to understand everything, feel everything , and i... it's hard to watch to be a god, in fact, in three words, i hope no one considers this stupid, you need to watch this movie, you need to feel, understand and draw conclusions in order not to step on the same rake,

if it’s just that. the history of humanity and different people, someone strives for power, someone for money, gold, and so on and so forth, someone dies for love, someone wants to save peoples and civilizations, and of course, this can do, only very strong, very talented people cope with this, and of course, you need to strive to be like that people, therefore, this is basically, well, this is an old truth, yes, that history develops in a spiral, in a spiral, and there is always a lot of similar things, but i really wouldn’t want this spiral, this ring to look like this is 20, 30, 40, 50 years later, people have a very bad memory, i’m now talking

more about history, events that either move humanity forward, or , on the contrary, strive to destroy humanity, the topic is relatively almost almost today, so today i think that this is what we are talking about now in connection with german’s film, this is even more important and topical, i was lucky, because i spent most of my life with alexei german, i got into, well, first of all, over the years, i acted 14 years, but over the years i realized, i could never even imagine that herman would one day be interested in me, but over the years i realized that he always shot in the most wonderful films, they were always artists, how can i say , comedians, this is roland bykov, this is vladimirovich nikulin, this

is andrei mironov, when everything concerned me anyway, it didn’t connect, and then he makes tragedians out of jesters and does it - because probably artists with such charisma... arouse the sympathy of the audience when these people break down in the frame, when they are completely different, unusual for him, well, if possible so to speak, he was interested in this all his life, and he was his main principle, the second principle was that he repeated me many times, not because i did not obey, he says, forget everything you were taught, he hated when the artist plays, the artist must live in the frame. that is, your reaction should maybe, in this case, i’m playing a room, you still had to react like leni yarmolnik, while we had differences in interpretation from the point of view of a man’s attitude to those events, which, sometimes, when we were already

drinking beer, he said, in general, he says, you’re not playing rumata, you’re playing me in my youth, that is, this is an autobiography , yes, he absolutely, at the same time he let it slip, this work is so dear to him, he’s been nurturing it for so many years, surely you, as experts, know that it began in the year sixty-eight due to events this it was closed, then the eighties, at some point, when i asked him, that’s why i, why, how are you so amazing, he says, well, i saw you on tv, you gave someone vodka, and that’s what i got i liked it, literally, he mocked me all the time that i was such an artist, but he’s on purpose, he’s generally such an irritant, and as soon as you start to get angry or prove something, he’s interested in it most of all, because at that moment you’re real, you need to be able

to watch movies, it’s the same upbringing, taste, culture, like many other things, if a person was taught to read books, his parents forced him, today it’s even more difficult, yes, everything is in computers, in these iphones, and this is not immersion, it’s generally like that, chuk-chuk-chuk, chuk-chuk, must be forced. read books to children, we need to show them good movies, and if we are already talking today, then more russian cinema, soviet cinema, and i’m not against showing the classics of american cinema, but first of all what grew up here on this earth , well, we actually talk about this within our podcast in every episode, yes, let me remind you that this was a podcast of isenstein’s witnesses. and i, its host stanislav lidinsky, my colleague natalya ryabchikova and we talk about russian cinema in this podcast about why it is generally worth watching it today and how to enjoy it . and today our guest is yarmolnik, thank you very much for coming and

telling us a lot of interesting things about this, all the best, goodbye. hello everyone, there's a podcast on the air, everyone wants to fly, i'm a monitoring pilot, laonit yakubovich, today, though you and i will not fly anywhere , you and i will find ourselves together, which is interesting for everyone to visit, we will find ourselves at the moscow aircraft repair plant, our guest is the general director of the plant , pavel nikolaevich nenastyev, pasha, hello, kind. well, in this way, a man who was once the director of a brick factory suddenly found himself connected with aviation. i was born and raised in a military town in belarus and, basically, where is belarus? in

bobrovich, in principle, my father was a military man, he did not see any other profession other than aviation i tried to enroll in a flight school, unfortunately, i didn’t pass in terms of my eyesight, in the end i entered an engineering school , well, an aviation technical school, graduated from kalininsky, then the zhukovsky academy, zhukovsky academy with a specialty in aviation weapons, served until the ninety -fourth year, by reduction was fired, and after that there were already cars, there was a brick factory, after that there was already aviation, that is, this is the way marrs, how did it happen that he took a mi-2 helicopter for himself and learned to fly in dosaf. and director of the aviation department, dasaf, i understand that i know the specifics more or less of aircraft production. bychkov viktor georgievich tried to persuade me for a long time, but he persuaded me, so in may of the fifteenth year i came to the plant. does mars

work with helicopters? these are an2 airplanes , mi-2, mi-8 helicopters, this is the dosafovsky fleet, the civil aviation fleet, that is , almost all of our general-purpose flying aircraft. what about spare parts? not everything is as good as we would like, because in fact, uh, an-2 planes and mi-2 helicopters, to unfortunately, at one time we handed over to the poles, in soviet times , they... were produced, one in kalisz, the other in the police, and accordingly, today poland is probably the leader in terms of the restrictions introduced, so there are certain difficulties with spare parts, of course there is a answer to that. poland produces our former bear in two versions, falcon and something else. today they have completely stopped completely supporting the mi-2, unfortunately, although i think that this is not a deserved story. i think this is wrong because perhaps for initial flight training.

it couldn’t be better, in our case this is absolutely certain, because all our types are medium and heavy helicopters, they are from mi2 , transferring to them is very simple, much easier than transferring from any other training helicopter, because they have a control architecture, engineering architecture, it is almost the same, and mi-2 in this regard, an elevator for mismoy, then i have a question, you and i were both at a meeting in the state. who today was puzzled, preoccupied with the same question, which we are talking about, a fairly large range of issues, firstly , in general, in those restrictions, all that relate to small aviation, well, the so-called small aviation, well , the terminological issue that was also discussed, general aviation, the second question is certification, the third question is the certification of aircraft, which i would like to talk about separately, today... in our country, certifying any small airplane there is almost

the same as certifying the ms-21 from a cost point of view. and our design teams, quite talented, which now continue to exist, they either sell their aircraft, which they make to countries that use aircraft for official purposes that do not require certification, if these aircraft could be certified with the costs that exist, let’s assume, there not in any western countries, but in a simplified way. certification system, i think that there would be significantly more talented design teams, the number of successful flying machines would be significantly greater well, one more problem that we have, this is in relation to design teams, these are, of course, engines, which we unfortunately do not have, the second point that we are discussing in the duma is small airfields, yes, of which there are enough today crushed by taxes, i believe that for the development of transport. network, it is necessary to simply oblige the owners of airfields

to provide their airfields for the use of state aviation, but at the same time exempt them from taxes, that is, please fly there, air ambulance, aviation forestry, use it for your own purposes for the purposes of state needs, but at the same time, these airfields simply need to be supported subsidiarily, and this will be minimal in cost and we will receive a network of small airfields that would provide all our needs, virtually free of charge for the state. the third issue we are talking about is problems related to education. thank god, now sergei vladimirov izrailev has come to rosaviation, we know each other, he is the head of flight operations, rosaviation, and he deals with issues of aviation education, such as general aviation, that is, private pilots , including those with professional education, it’s very good that we have a dialogue between the aviation community and the federal air transport agency, and now there is a substantive person

with whom these issues can really be discussed, because the number of open aviation training centers was greater than during the 9 years of management of his predecessors, well, we were present in the duma, there was a fairly representative delegation of participants, everyone was present there, and representatives of government agencies, and private ones, there was the ministry of transport, unfortunately there was no ministry of industry and trade, i think... that this is precisely for these types of aircraft that we are talking about, we will not be able to master import procurement without state participation , because it’s even difficult for me to explain how to master the production of any air spare part, and what costs the enterprise must incur in order to actually certify it for use in this aircraft, that is crazy people and money, time, so here it is necessary... some kind of simplified scheme at the moment, and mandatory

state participation, that is, support from the ministries of industry and trade, well , okay, so we were at the meeting, your idea of ​​​​the matter will it move from the dead point? i really hope so, because even based on the last speech of vladimir vladimovich, in which he said that if the federal air transport agency continues to manage aviation in relation to unmanned aircraft in the same way, then we will not see them at all in the near future, and the same applied to general aviation, hence the position. the head of this inter-factional group , which was created to support small aviation , mr. niverov and mr. davankov, these are two deputy chairmen of the state duma, she is absolutely clear that general aviation, small aviation, must fly. today, unfortunately, we fly probably 10%

of the capacity. i have said it many times and i do not hide it, and i am ready to say it, repeat it on at any level, except for the general ones... since we are talking about the mobilization resource of the country, generally speaking, people who know how to fly an airplane, a helicopter in any capacity, god forbid, this is a huge support, this should also be treated as such, and this cannot be discounted, in fact, this problem is huge, and the essence of this problem is that in general , today, dasaf aviation, at one time, was probably the largest... well, we have 1,300 aircraft left now, and before that it was there several thousand, it has completely fallen out of the legislative field, that is, it does not exist, as such, today, de facto, it exists, in principle , it is doing well, but , unfortunately, the existing legislation

simply does not see it, and here we see the opposite example of how it should be. and how it should work, and i think you understand perfectly well what i'm talking about, mr. mochansky, we both know, this is a dosa in belarus that works great , perfectly implements and maintains mobilization resource, plus it trains pilots, but now i want to report to you, maybe you know, this is one of the units of the belarusian air force, i will say that this is very correct, when a person comes to a flight school, he is ready for flight practice he begins his actual training there in the second year, the state feeds him for a year, sings, houses him, clothes him, and when after a year and a half it turns out that this person, not for health reasons, but because of his motor skills, cannot fly, that is, it is not his, these people are weeded out, so

this filter, when a person came already, realizing that he could fly, that he could control this machine, and it was his, we got practically one hundred percent yield there, now from a completely normal practice that was in the soviet union in belarus still exists, for some strange reason we refused, we stubbornly refuse and do not want to see this matter , in addition to these moments, there is also such a simple thing, i will return again to the legislation, what is state aviation in that sense as it is considered by the air code, this is aviation, which is the property of the state, first and second, it has no right to engage in it. activities, and thirdly, it must be financed from the country’s budget. tasav has fallen into such a trap that it is de facto a state aviation agency and, accordingly, does not have the right to engage in commercial activities, but at the same time it is not funded by the state, tell me, from what resources should it support the huge

number of flying clubs that it has, a huge number of aircraft, how many personnel it supports simply from the funds it receives from other types of activities, but this is absurd, we now understand very clearly that this is a state task of maintaining the air force personnel that could have been formed at the initial stage in primary organizations, the second is that in addition to initial training, dasaf could maintain mobilization readiness from pilots who at one time left, let’s say so for a well-deserved rest, well, air force pilots, they leave the vks quite young, they could undergo annual... training there in order to maintain themselves in flying shape at the right time to be used as combat pilots, a rather strange non -state position, you can confirm that before the war, until 1941, well, 90 percent

of people came to aviation from clubs, i think 98, came to the club, studied at the club, then in 1941 it turned out that we have a huge number of people who know how to hold... a pen or a steering wheel, yes, a really huge number of pilots were trained, and the number of flying world champions today, trained in our time in the soviet union, i think is the largest, that is, we have a really worthy school of champions, which i think is really the best in the world , and this is a merit, today, unfortunately, we have lost this school for training athletes. do you think i'm fooling around? i found out that in yekaterinburg there is an enterprise that produces innovative detergents; we vanderlab combine nature and technology, this is a biomicrogel made from apples, corn, mm, it smells like an apple, you are the same person who gave a second life to the famous soviet sneakers, scanned the

soles, modern technology, a sole that leaves traces of swords on the ground, raw denim, made on vintage shuttle-type machines, just what jeans fans need, these delicious bundles of happiness are not just a healthy and quick breakfast, but also a profitable business for someone. it all started with me making granola in the kitchen. at home, our everything, big premiere, like does the certificate help save people’s lives in different situations? tomorrow on the first and always on 1tv.ru, we continue - working on a podcast, everyone wants to fly, we are talking today with the general director of the moscow repair plant, but we are talking not only about the problems of the repair itself, aviation workers, but about the prospects for the development of small aviation, everyone wants to fly , wonderful, leonid yakubovich, i

’ll touch on this, but it could be the owner, a private owner, anything, but the runway has always taken off, the landing strips have always belonged to the state, it can’t be otherwise, this is what we are talking about when it comes to large airfields, all small airfields today are the majority, they are private and the whole problem is, this is what we are talking about, in the working group, in the state duma, is that today, the state, in principle, should be interested in the development of transport infrastructure, yes, and the state invests huge amounts of money in the development of the railway network, in the road network, and large commercial airports are being built, but we are not developing regional aviation, we are planning it develop, invest huge amounts of money in these airfields, but there is something else. here are private owners who own small airfield sites, such as konakovo, such gryzlovo, and many and a huge number

, these are private sites, orlovka, but people pay a crazy tax for the land on which the airfield is located, the most correct decision, in my opinion, is to release partially subsidize from taxes, maintaining these sites in good condition, that is, so that they can use these sites, air ambulance, forest protection, any types state aviation, the ministry of emergency situations, including, yes, which could be based there , uh, used in case of emergency situations, there during the evacuation of patients, etc., etc., that is, again, let's go back to the soviet union, we have practically near each village there was a four-hundred-meter strip, which was used for pest control, for pollinating fires, yes, absolutely, half of them are abandoned today, some have been bought out, they are now trying to develop them, but again, i would like to point out vision state, i would support all the owners of these sites, just so that we can use

this for state purposes, this is exactly what i’m talking about, if the runway is maintained by the state, the infrastructure, please, can be any, but then we have the opportunity to work medical aviation, medicine, the ministry of emergency situations, whatever, they can work on sites regardless of the owner, a position that i am ready to challenge, i will explain why: for the state the strip is quite a costly affair, if the strip is state-owned, then so are its staff containing the state, unfortunately our state always approaches this quite costly, that is, first of all, we have crazy complexity of legislation in terms of what should be at the airfield, that is, there is an aviation security service , etc., etc., etc., question is that you need to talk to the private owner in the following way , the owner of the site, here is your strip, your strip, we will help you: make it better once or twice, yes, but you undertake

to accept everyone, always, base all types state aviation for free, maintain this runway for the entire period, do everything else as you see fit, developing the infrastructure, make it so that everyone can fly, we are talking about the same thing, only from different points of view, yes, but i mean , that if this state takes over, the state will supply its own staff and will constantly finance it, it’s expensive, it will be easier to understand, good, but on the other hand, at this meeting you and i raised this question, i, in any case, so i realized that i was supported, it means that if today we don’t have enough equipment, the forest guards don’t have enough equipment, the medicine doesn’t have enough equipment , the special services don’t have enough equipment, for an absolutely normal working environment, in general it’s just constant, it means, if we assume for a second that we are a little bit... let’s relieve the tax burden from clubs, from aviation clubs, then i don’t care, as you understand, i’m going on

a cross-country flight with a student, i don’t care which route flight to choose. but at this time i can deal with forest protection, fish conservation, environmental protection, in general, to help the ministry of emergency situations, they could raise aviation at any second and so on, i absolutely agree, firstly, the wider the network of route flights, the wider the network of airfields, the wider the network of route flights, firstly, this is the development of tourism, secondly, any flight along the road that indicates the occurrence of an emergency situation of any kind, pressing a button and transmitting to the dispatcher information that this or that has arisen here, but this is a question precisely about the fact that the more flying brethren, the higher the safety of forests, in fact, others, a very good question you raised about tourism, once upon a time, many years ago, i raised the issue and unexpectedly found just a counter interest, this tourism, aviation tourism, and even in moscow

, lifting people on a helicopter is easy along the river and there is no need to go back. long 40 minutes flight hour, i think there will be huge interest, in all regions of the country, there are places to look at from the air, just happiness and pleasure for anyone, this is additional income for everyone, not just, this is not just additional income, this is, firstly , this is technological development, that is, we are talking about the fact that if there is a business that can arise at any point, it will arise there, if there is appropriate permission for moscow, unfortunately, the problem is that flights over the city by all types of aviation except for state aviation are prohibited, but in many other cities these issues are open, we have wonderful beautiful cities, where this could be

veliky novgorod, pskov there is yaroslavl, where in fact, this is what is happening, some clubs, that is, aviation organizations, are engaged in carrying out this kind of sightseeing flights, but this is again a matter of legislative planning, that is , in order to create such an organization, correct, yes, that is, it should be in fact, an airline that is engaged in this kind of transportation must be certified aircraft, and today we do not produce a single air day from small aviation, so there are questions here, but absolutely correct the thing is that aviation tourism is something that will raise and develop regional budgets, why am i talking about this in all countries of the world, it simply exists almost en masse, i have flown in a huge number of countries and you come, please, for your health, he shows you everything , from the neogaran waterfall to the egyptian pyramids, everything, immediately, and it doesn’t

cost that much, yes, i completely understand that. we have money, i think that there is no less something to show, here is the industry itself, general aviation destinations in the same usa brings in money, comparable to commercial aviation, with a large one, that is, there is a huge number of aircraft, in small european countries, such as austria, slovakia, there are more simple and airfield flights there than here, here today the number of airfields is scanty. in this area, i want to remember, in my opinion, in seattle there are wonderful road signs on the road, be careful, an airplane , there is a hangar, a private plane rolled out, the cars stopped, it rolled out, reached the runway, took off, so touching, but you know, by the way, we now have - several -

so-called projects, which are called: village, yes, here, where people are trying to do approximately the same thing, that is, hangar, in hangar there is a recreation area - crew or there for life and the plane leaves the hangar, sits down, the man takes off on the plane , we talk all the time, using a rather strange term, non-state approach, i don’t understand what this means, but this cannot be, what is a non-state approach , therefore people... who are on big positions are engaged in this non-state approach, well, they must either be reoriented or replaced with someone who will take a state approach to the problem that we are talking about now, look, our country exists in the form in which it is, there are 30, with for more than a year, during this moment we have not made a single airplane,

small small aircraft, and there is not a single one here. there is not a single project aircraft open today, there is no training aircraft, small, that is, we use it at the civil aviation school, to unfortunately, aircraft, diamonds fly there. we have no mi2 from our own airplanes52 no all training aviation is missing in principle yes unfortunately the question for 30 years for some reason no one was interested in the state approach i think it’s unlikely this concerns education the question on the airfield network is the same story why we weren’t are interested in somehow developing the airfield network , this is the transport... infrastructure of the country, this is its security, one very good phrase there was, i heard it from alexander mikhailov, we have a boatman like that, a kilometer

of road leads nowhere, a kilometer of runway opens up the world, that is, we have this number of sites that opened during this period, it is scanty, and the number of closed airfields there are simply hundreds that have ceased to exist, not a state approach clearly, from the point of view of flight education, when we recognize only public schools, but private schools all over the world, and there are practices that pilot training is absolutely no worse in a private school, if it has an approved program, but for some strange story , in private schools we continue to teach our children to drive cars, this is no less dangerous thing in the grand scheme of things than an airplane, yes, but we let them out on the road. entrusting the state traffic inspectorate to examine them, well, please, let the pilots be trained by the participants, and the federal air transport agency examines them, there are no questions, this is the third point, probably the fourth

point, this is the exclusion of dosaf from the legislative field, in fact excluding aviation, dosas from in general as he sees it the confrontation that today we see in legislative... bodies, a number of deputies there certainly support this, but unfortunately we cannot break through the history that i spoke about, the confrontation between departments and ministries, an absolutely non-state approach, a completely non-state approach and chairman dasav there, despite all the administrative resources that he has, and the authority that he has, as a former deputy defense minister, first, colonel general, and alexander petrovich kolmakov, former the commander of the airborne forces is a truly worthy person, very deserved, and despite all the efforts he makes to get this bill passed, unfortunately we are not succeeding, and i think this is a huge mistake,

the ministry of defense is taking an amazing position , they would always have this, motivated people who, having gone through the clubs, will come to aviation in military aviation, including motivated, it’s not that a person has finished studying, realized that he is not paid enough here and left for private owners, and here we have simply motivated people who will come to work in the sky, it’s an amazing story how the ministry of defense can let such an organization like dasav out of its hands, all the training of aviation specialists, aviation technical specialists, i cannot answer this question, i i don’t know, to be honest , the answer is, you asked for a state non-state approach, so i think there is an absolutely non-state approach here, this organization... is more than 90 years old, and even there we will say that it’s 90, like us they said, 90, more than 90% of the aviation community was trained by this organization at one time, it absolutely showed

its professionalism, its ability to train truly and not just pilots and world champions, in huge numbers, i think that in aviation sports we have more of them everyone in the world, that is, before the origin of our country, i mean the soviet union, but this is the position today, the bill , so to speak, has been submitted once again, i hope that it will still pass, but so far, not yet, we we continue to talk in the podcast, everyone wants to fly, though not in the sky, on the ground, we are talking today with the general director of the moscow aircraft repair plant, we are talking not only about what is happening on the ground, but about what will happen in the air, in any case we both incredibly hope for this, does everyone want it? and this is the most important thing, i’m leonid yakubovich, and you and i know that the interest of young guys is incredible, i can judge by the flight simulators,