urgent work, what a baltic bitch, but if you fired her, i would have gotten rid of her a long time ago.

inga, i have to say two words to him, well, imgotka, well, well, dear, well, i beg you, shanna vasilievna, he doesn’t take the hand, well, go in to him, tell him just two words, we’re waiting for him in the coffee shop, well, honey, okay, sun.

inga, i asked you, your wife, she tormented me, she met a friend, a shtut from kaferkevskaya, and is this to be seen or is that all?

look, don't be late for turgenevskaya. to let you down. no thank you, they are waiting for me at

the main entrance, have a nice weekend, you too,

oh, good luck, thank you, igor alekseevich, you’re the last one today, what’s the score? 0:00, you still have time for the second half, well, hello. in principle, of course, these are football players whom many even considered the best. boss, young, handsome, rich, relax, you are also grounded, handsome.

central, this is from the garage, why are you using the ball?

everyone left for me, well, i’m closing then, yeah. security, turn on the elevator, security. first of all,

turn on the elevator, security.

a person, as a rule, dies through his own decision to die. how to prolong

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exclusive with dmitry borisov, premiere, next saturday on the first. old barrel cognac product of stellar group, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, i'm off to look for you. serial killers are divided into four different types, according to their motivations, one way or another they kill because of love, you are probably a writer, you sent a request to him, they don’t have such an employee, but do you know igor well? you don’t drink coffee, girls, no, you scare me, i

love you, it hurts me, don’t come here anymore, what do you like middok? the territory is soon on the first, maybe the tail will hang behind him? wait, his head is full of other things right now, love. and tell me how he goes gogol gogol straight man

with woman, song kwan-dukwan, whole, it was a real storm, drink the star. season premiere, tomorrow on the first, oh, max, what are you looking at, goat, fall into the car, where is the car from, and only one root? drive.

lord, what is he doing?

ion is home, hello, stink, well, igor

, he disappeared somewhere, and i also saw some girl sitting in his car, i didn’t understand where he disappeared, what girl, he must have been for. go to a restaurant, then home, we’ll change clothes for you, and next to him in the car there’s some girl sitting, young, so why are you crying, friend, what if something happened to him, nothing, suddenly, once in girl in the car, it means he’s alive and well, he didn’t get into an accident, he didn’t take him to the police, you’ll always come up with something, it’s my birthday, well, that’s it, that’s it, that’s enough, tears are flowing, little sister, come on, go home, put yourself in order, calm down, and in an hour i’ll be at the restaurant, and that... cable is already at home, probably a long time ago, but no, he’s at home, cable will interrogate me, you ’ll be babysitting her for a long time, she’s my sister , you forgot, well, you spoiled her, almost immediately vanya, vanya, hangs all her troubles on you, you don’t have enough of your own, so you

ready, no, i’m not ready yet, then hurry up alone, i’m leaving in 5 minutes, and i’m already late. and you didn’t go into my safe, what article?

look, he forgot your shortcake, he’s probably looking for it, oh, don’t answer, what if it’s him, come here, bring him, he also forgot his raincoat. and the bag, it’s gone, what’s there, well, max, well, it’s inconvenient for other people’s bags, look, he said. there are some papers here. is there a cache? no, i think. passport, driver's license.

lebedev igor alekseevich, handsome. max, max, max. there's a gun there, no shit , but show me, i'm afraid, show me, i said, nishtik valyn, that’s what i understand , that’s a big deal, that’s a big deal, and max, where did you get that briefcase, that you’re climbing everywhere, and max, and you stole this car, or what? i took it for a ride, max, why the hell, max, i don’t want to, max, let’s go out , stop it, why do we need this, max, i’m afraid, max, that’s it, stop it, i’ll go out

, you hear, shut your mouth, max, i closed it, i i said, i’m arranging her real life, she’s still dissatisfied, now let’s turn on the music, everything will be complete ice, there’s one in the city, we have one mutual friend in our family, for him, believe me i literally feel like i have no hands, hurry to him for everything, he is aware of all events, he can always give the best advice, uncle vanya, good and handsome, uncle vanya, all young people and younger, uncle vanya, live another 100 years, uncle's couch. it’s better not

, i’m on the couch, it’s better not, for the health of our respected mr. prefectov, you should also crawl under yuka, congratulations ivan ivanovich, ivanovich, health, your health. vanya never called, what kind of hysterics in front of

guests? sorry, i, i, today is my birthday, i invited very serious people, if you bother me to arrange things, i will turn your head away, you understand me, you said it yourself. go, i wanted you to be in front of me, and not rush around the city like crazy, but he disappeared, i need to do something, what to do, go to the police, write a statement, left home and did not return , yes, you can’t go to the police, you can’t go to the police, but now listen here, little sister, i lost 100,000 euros, i have no one to blame except... my husband, what are you saying, vanya, this can’t be, it’s very possible, this happened yesterday, when you were visiting us,

please believe, let us believe. we got wet to the bones, or maybe we’ll come back, wait, somewhere your mother was by the sea, and you have money, and you, your mother left something else when she went to rest, that’s all that’s left. don’t be afraid, we’ll think of something, max, we’ll block the block, and then we’ll leave, let them look for me, i’ll put on this raincoat , that’s it, look for special signs , max, i’m afraid, suddenly you’re sleepy, you’re really sick of you whining all the time, let's try,

it won't work. lord, how wet you are, overnight or whatever let's see if you'll pay now or later, then for everything at once, leave some document, number eleven, have a nice evening, thank you, the key, damn it. come on, come on!

a civilian hut, yeah, i said , everything will be fine, and you whined, max, i’ll put on something, it was prepared for you, in the village, then i’ll take a shower, otherwise i’m completely stiff.

look at your mouth, you want to eat, yeah, i’m hungry too, and you don’t have any money at all, yes, you saw it, you heard it, max, i’m going to the cinema to order it from the room, maybe? that’s also possible, let’s try it,

shall we? come on, no, well, i'm not, hello, but you can order food to your room, yeah, then we want to order, what number are we from , eleventh, eleventh, what do we want, fried chicken, fried chicken, and potatoes, salad, salad, beer, beer, light, any, for two , yes, two servings, yeah, thank you, yes, okay, thank you.

hello, your order. sign here, please, yeah, and where, right here, thank you, ah, thank you. this is what i understand, this is what a tourist is doing.

max, when are we going home? what's wrong with you here, or what? no, fine, you're fine, so what then? well then, well then everything will be in order, pay, don’t slow down , sleepyhead, what a mistake, let’s get out of here, get on the bus, get off, whoever will catch up with us

solen skiner så fint. solligt, men kallt som fan, som vi säger, vad är det? men värmer inte, vad kan man göra, det är höst, da dakta

toka.

but mashika wanted a posadolochka, she pinned the little leg on a rod, the little leg hurts, it hurts a lot, i bought some milkweed, but it didn’t last long, oh, i loved it, but it didn’t last long, oh, bravo, you have a very pleasant voice, you’re studying vocals, i’d like to enroll not to the music school it worked out, are you foreigners? ral shved, i'm from here! i haven’t been to my homeland for a long time, probably the accent has appeared, maria, sonya, sofia, yes, sofia, ah, sofia, sonya, and this is maxim, maxim, sorry, the photographer, he is here working on a new

album, and i am ralph invites you today , come to our barbecue, village barbecue, in general, something like that. let's talk, relax, max, let's go, but i 've never talked to living foreigners in my life, the house is a room.

captain sapozhnikov, what? just a formality, something happened, shanna vasilno, we have reason to think that at the moment you are not alone, so what , as it concerns you, excuse me, inga, but this really concerns us, so allow me to enter, no, but excuse me, the police are in front of you , i don’t care about your police, i wasn’t born yesterday, you have a warrant, no, well, go ahead then! quiet, shanna vasilyevna, can you

explain to me what the body is in? inga, my husband is missing, let’s go, that’s why we came to you, inga, and what do i have to do with this? tell me when was the last time you have you seen igor alekseevich? yesterday we finished work at 13:00, then left the office together. then he went to the service office, and they were waiting for me at the main entrance, i went to the main elevator , and yes, then i also saw him on the street, he was sitting in the car, alone, alone, that evening you didn’t see him again? and why on earth? then another question, tell me, who is your guest today? kurat, what about you? what kind of body are you, why are we wasting time, it’s easier to open the door, don’t you dare,

let’s get out. oh, maxim, let's go, i'll show you something. come in, this is our daughter, like me, maria, no

is it true that you have the same face as your friend, so don’t look at ralph like a jerk, i also noticed that his eyes lit up, come on, i’m coming.

the season is already open, so it's time to set sail, fresh sea air awaits you, amazing, max, i mean it. i mean, in short, what? well, i'm, i'm kind of pregnant. what do you mean, when did you have time, when, when, then, at those checker games, remember, i told you, max, let’s not do it, and nothing will come of it at once, here you go, and exactly, yes, i i'll look first, i'm confused

some started, i went to the pharmacy, bought a pregnancy test, such bullshit, then i went to see a doctor friend, and how long, how long have you had this? you, you weren’t there at all, we, maxik, we, max, i’m so happy , i want so little, fuck you, how do i know, maybe it’s not from me at all, i still need to prove it. i’m not going to prove anything to anyone, you know, and i know, i don’t give a damn about the rest, where, where, where, where , damn, to take a walk from such news,

and you’re there on the best day in the world, vologda differs from other cities in that we ok, you won’t go to the store today for

bread, or for molokomsky milk, just cool all of you, but not just 60 revolutions per minute is needed, quieter, quieter, what are you doing? or something, look, and once, that’s it, i understand, two, come on, i suggest you try our skablyanka, these are local vessels that are caught in our white lake in kubenskoye, like a sweet tooth, i will make a cheesecake from the vlogo boiled skablyanka, the famous and fermented baked milk, look at the consistency of the cheesecake, it’s right at the premiere, cooks on wheels, on the first day tomorrow. burban stirsman - stetellar product group you will wake me up at dawn to see me

off, i will go out for love. tomorrow on the first, what do you think about our entry into nato? america, the usa,

is actually built like a mafia state, whoever is stronger is right. i think it's just a misunderstanding. i could never have imagined that this elderly norwegian herring had such a sparkling sense of humor. and we are happy to contribute as long as it is needed. why does nato need war? yes, there are elites who benefit from this. connect them, i’m already connecting both vavan and lexus, well, it was much more interesting to communicate with us than with zelensky, glory to russia, the vavan and lexus show, tomorrow on the first one, get dressed, let’s go, max, i’m waiting downstairs. here's your bill,

no change needed. where did you get the money? did you steal them? found.

oh, a familiar place, let’s leave the car here, but what, where it was, it’s still there, there was no theft, maybe to you, you

said, your mother is on the flight, she’s a conductor, yes, she’ll be back on wednesday, only max , you know, we have convenience in the yard, don’t care, i need somewhere now for a couple of days freeze. come out, i'll be right there.

were killed with firearms. ralph johansson was a world famous photographer. the swedish ministry of foreign affairs has already made its statement. our side has assured that all necessary measures will be taken for a quick and thorough investigation.

what are you doing, little cloud? what are you even upset about? i'll finish you now. max, you killed them. who are you anyway? you are nobody, you don’t exist, you understand me. max, how can you? we won't have anything, there

won't be any bitch. you're fucking there, sir if you want to blame everyone on me, to hell with you. fuck, you understood me, i don’t want to see you at all, you stupid bitch, and don’t even think about teasing someone, i’ll find you, i’ll rip your head off, you understood me, and in general, if anything, you’re an accomplice, you’re the one who led me to them , okay, just try it.

you say you left unexpectedly, huh, what time, about twelve, age, well , 20 years old, who? they are both young, they paid with cash or a credit card, in cash, you had money hidden, you can see, no, i already handed over the cash register, which means at 12, about 12, and murder, between 11 and 12, what room did they

live in, the eleventh, i’ll go and have a look, okay daughter? look, are there any traces left? you said cash, well, yes, what kind of bills.

is there anyone? yes, yes, there is.

security, hello, what a corpse, but quietly, neori, speak plainly, who killed whom, antonina, watch for me.

where were you on the night from last saturday to sunday? can i have some water? where were you on the night from last saturday to sunday? i don't have to answer this question, you don't have to answer any of our questions, but that's not in your best interest. so, what did you do on saturday night into sunday? can you first explain what's

going on? do you have a lawyer? never dealt with justice. lebedev, citizen lebedev. igor alekseevich, you are suspected of murdering a swedish citizen, ralph. and citizens of swedenson in accordance with article 179, part two, paragraph 2 some kind of nonsense, e-n grigoriev shot himself in the head with a pistol and died, so they believed everything? so that’s good, that’s very

good, but this stupid accusation should fall apart by itself, just don’t let it slip, just don’t let it slip, there’s nothing about him here, not a last name, nothing. vanya, this is shana, i recognized her, who she is, well , the girl, the one who was sitting in the car with him.

are you sure, it seems, it looks like i’m going to let the police know about this, remember, get it on your nose, you’ve never seen this girl, you don’t know anything about money and sifa, your husband, let him die, an honest man, a decent family man, did you understand me, i ask, did you understand me or not, did you understand, we are talking about my reputation, you know, about your reputation? about reputation of the whole family, come on, calm down, drink cognac, and i’ll take care of the lawyer, what were you doing on saturday night, i refuse to answer this question, how come, sir, you didn’t come up with an allibi for your client, peter ivanovich, i’m at a loss myself , he doesn’t say anything to me either, for the first time in my practice, i believe that we can talk

about the honor of some lady unknown to us, perhaps married. please tell me, what kind of chivalry is there in the 21st century, especially when it comes to a brutal double murder? i'm not anyone killed and is not obliged to justify himself. yes , yes, yes, yes, we’ve read, we’ve seen enough, we know everything about our rights, the presumption of innocence, you ’re right, we must prove to the court that he is a murderer. idiots didn’t kill, they are trying to prove something that is impossible to prove, i can imagine how the real killer is laughing at them now, just don’t say a word, not a word about the elevator, he was wearing a raincoat.

was your jacket in your car? yes, there is a case of rain if the tire is changed. put it on, well, yes, it looks like there was also a visor, or a cap, or a baseball cap? we have it there anything? i never wore a hat or a cap, please put it on, why should i wear this rubbish, it’s not mine, put it on, put it on, well, yes, he was, and, on top, on top there was also a hood.

please put it on him, listen, makovsky, what kind of theater have you staged here, let me put on this cloak, pull up the hood, and any witness will say, yes, it’s him, despite the fact that i’m twice as old as my client.

viktor ivanovich, they called from the sixteenth, the fishermen caught the pistol at night, after all, it turned out to be a fish, a good catch, ballistic the examination is not ready yet, it will be in the evening, so, you last saw your boss on friday evening, yes, at 19:30 we said goodbye at the elevator, then i... saw him briefly, he was sitting in the car at 19:37, do you have a chronometer? yes, my friend, he waited for me for 42 minutes, as he calculated, and he is very punctual, where the boss

was supposed to go, he didn’t tell you, to his wife, she was waiting for him in a cafe on turgenevskaya, but he didn’t show up there, i know , where are you from? you know, then, for some reason, she looked for him from me, female logic, your boss had a weapon, it seems to me, yes, what does it mean, it seems, you see , an armed man, how can i explain it to you? he's a man. your secretary said she saw you had a gun? this, this is gas. where is he? i pulled it out as

unnecessary. where? in the sea, in what place? on the embankment, your gun, your fingerprints on the clip, but i never fired it, the gun is yours, yes, but i never fired it, the conclusion of a ballistic examination, three bullets were fired from it and all were found in the bodies of killed foreigners. on the clip, fingerprints, and the gun from the bottom sea i believed it because i was a novice, a debutant, so to speak, in this matter, i believed it because i was broken, lord,

lord, why, why, lord, in peter’s times on this earth, but they discovered gold, the truth is black, we are in coal the heart of russia in the city of gornyakov-kemerovo, how many times have you already gone down and gone up, how many times have you gone down, how many times have you gone up, thank god, how to give the gas, there's a pedal, press it, come on, please don't disgrace me throughout the country, my friend , this is normal, this is not normal, calm on the outside, inside i'm in awe. what class, maybe you could teach me the words of teleph, what do you think, high, well, young man, it’s hard for you to understand, i said, i love you, the life

of my own, premiere, tomorrow on the first, romca, product of the stellar group , alina, where is the figure skating, hopelessly, at the first, we are starting, the country’s figure skaters at the start of the grand prix dreams tournament in russia, live broadcast, tomorrow at the first, try to describe him, what he looked like, but i haven’t seen him, probably in this time he was in the bathroom, and in the morning, and in the morning it was no longer my shift, i only saw her, i came in twice, and both times he was in the bathroom, as if he was hiding it. from me, yes, it’s him, i saw his passport, and he was alone

, no, with a lady, so very young, how old do you think she is, 16, 17, we need to send out a photo, you should go to all schools , colleges, and this one, look how he’s hiding under the forest from the camera, and... in the palm of your hand in the picture and in focus, how could you, how could you, how everyone conspired, why are you doing all this, well i didn’t kill, well, at least you believe me, i didn’t kill, leave me, you’re familiar with this girl, no, have you ever seen her? no, somehow you say very hesitantly, did you see her, yes or no, you

understand where you are, of course, i understand, in prison, how long have you been here, it seems to me, an eternity. what do you see on this piece of paper? i do n’t know what a real crazy person should see, but i see a blank sheet of paper, of poor quality, by the way, this is also the answer. igor alekseevich, you have been invited for a psychiatric examination to assess your mental health. you will be asked a series of questions, please. i ask

question for the hundredth time, where were you on the night from saturday to sunday, i refuse to answer this question, well, your answers suit me quite well, it’s even more interesting to me, but they are unlikely to satisfy the jury, what are you counting on? i believe in justice, you can’t prove something that didn’t happen, it’s impossible to prove that i killed if i...’ didn’t kill, you’re an idealist, my friend, put yourself in the place of the jury, what the investigation will give them: registration in a motel, witness statements, 100,000 euros found during your arrest, and a pistol, damning evidence, dirt from the treads of your car, pedals and naturally from the soles of your shoes, also from the crime scene, but what will we provide?

my dear, without an alibia, you cannot count on an acquittal, or even a dismissal from the court, i can already hear the verdict. in the pocket of your jacket there was a wad of money of 100,000 euros, bank packaging with new banknotes, this is my money, i readily believe that you have not such numbers floating around, i read, i know, but for pocket expenses, you must agree, the amount is still too big, you for what is she doing was intended, i had to repay a debt to a friend.

last name, this friend's last name, address, phone number, okay, i won these in a casino, i found them, i borrowed them, you never know where i'm from, stop being a swan, i'm tired of you, viktor ivanovich, viktor ivanovich, don't forget, i'm sorry, tell the truth , this is in your interests, lebedev, okay, i took them from my brother-in-law’s safe, what do you mean i took them, stole them? gentlemen, they are relatives, which one was stolen, well, it’s frozen, lay it out, mr. prefect assures that

nothing was missing from his safe, yes. and i'm a sinner i believed, well, then everything works out for us. in touch, mokovsky, he’s the one, you say you’re looking for some girl, and you have a brides fair, here’s the case in front of me, and

suicide, a young girl, 16 years old, suitable, alive, no, be a friend, come out and.. .no, no, i’ll send a little man, no, i’ll come right away, i heard that the animal is running towards the catcher , you think she, she, i feel her, let’s continue, so, the last time you were seen was on friday, at 19: 40, you were getting into the car, i have a surprise for you, you already asked me about this girl, i don’t know her, we found her, we found her, well, invite her, everything will become clear, she will tell you that it’s not me, i would willingly do so, but you killed her, and her, not with your own hands,

i agree, but killed, she was pregnant, from you, she confessed to you, so you went into a panic, right?

stop, stop, stop this

grinding, that's enough, huh? that's enough, that's enough, okay, i 'll tell him the truth. well done, why did you wait, on the night of saturday to sunday, i was in the elevator , they locked me, take me away, wait, why don’t you believe me, i didn’t kill the swedes, it’s me, me, i, i killed the auditor, i, i, our client confessed to the murder of the auditor of the corporation for which he worked, you've probably heard about this case? the investigation, and it was qualified, believes that it was suicide. this means that it is so, they are

experienced people and they know better. your relative? he is no longer my relative, it is becoming increasingly difficult to protect. you know what i'll tell you, i won't mind if you give up this case altogether. in any case, the amounts are yours. the fee will remain unchanged. daughter, can we return this crap? back? what the hell, viktor ivanovich, well , this one, back, this one, yeah.

makovsky, what the hell are you talking about? you have enough evidence for any trial and any jury, what are you missing? what's missing? for example, confessions, what the hell else do you need? victor ivanovich, let's summarize, the death of the auditor occurred between 7 and 8 o'clock in the evening. your secretary assures that at that time you

did not leave the office, did not even go to the toilet, well, it’s true, i killed him, i, i confess to the murder, well, you want me i’ll also attach a murder auditor to this case, so to speak, through connections, if you want, i don’t know, i don’t understand, i don’t understand anything anymore. oh, he warned, don’t ruin yourself, guy, stop it, the examination found you sane, i need to think, just think about it, maybe next time you’ll come up with something smarter, but there won’t be a next time, there won’t be, there won’t be anything there will be, there will be nothing more, there must be a confession , i will sign, i will sign everything, i will sign everything,

n'importe où, bras dessus, bras dessous, enchanta de chassoon. c'est c'est bon de se dire des mots des petits rien du tout mais qui en disent en voyons notre minee ravie

les passions dans la rue nous enviez, et c'est bon, de gaêter dans ses yeux, un espoir merveilleux, qui me donne le puisson, c'est si bon, cette petite sensation,

i saw two here the other day. public opinion poll, our people were asked who the greatest, most effective ruler in russia was, well, they named peter the great, in general it’s clear, there are two reasons in my opinion, firstly, the reforms were truly grandiose, and secondly in general and up to revolutionary historiography, soviet historiography, today in the charistomatists the most attention, in my opinion, is given to the former... this is understandable, but in general there are all sorts of un-christian nuances, let's try to talk about this topic, let's try, especially since there are discussions around peter have been going on since the beginning of his reforms, in fact, yes, in fact, one of the most famous discussions of our 19th century between westerners and solonophiles around the figure of peter, these disputes continue to this day, they remain relevant, of course,

hello, this is a historical podcast, russia from... on the swing of history, with you are pyotr romanov and sergei solovyov, today we will talk about, one might say, the main westernizer of russian history, peter i. i can name many names who were called the forerunners of peter the great , although in fact, of course, some, some, but incomparable. not one of them is with peter in the enormity of the reforms, in the persistence of these reforms and in the results in general, because yes, there was ivan the terrible, who strove for the baltic, and there was a period when, during the levon war, the russians occupied narva, and peter tried to make narva a gateway to the west, ivan the terrible, he tried very hard,

tried, but. it turned out that narva was left, there was godunov, who sent to peter the great to study in the west, so to speak, there were not many russian people, and none of them returned, however, unlike those who, whom he sent to study, so say, peter the great, there were others, say, the favorite of peter’s sister sophia, vasily galitsin, well, it was the most avid. europeans and westerners, languages knew, knew languages, even communicated with the izuzuts, so to speak, calmly, completely, and also dreamed of very many, many reforms, first of all, so to speak, about the reform of the army, because during the campaigns to the south, he suffered a big, major failure, especially since he wanted to reform the army, but in general, all of them , of course, only partially, vasily kolyuchevsky believed that, in general, the ancestors ...

left peter almost a draft design of all the reforms, and peter then, so say, followed this project, proof of this really, no, none in history, that’s not all of what klyuchevsky listed , so to speak, peter implemented, well, at least in general logic, especially since this logic was determined by a number of negative factors, russia in the 17th century had a lot of often loses wars, well, you can remember the time of troubles, but twice in 1634, in 1660 the russian army capitulates with banners with the commander-in-chief in full force, cheger campaigns, war with the ottoman. in europe by the polish army, russia has been fighting for a very long time and painfully, in fact,

crimean campaigns of vasily golitsin , whom you mentioned, and unsuccessful campaigns, they tried to make some kind of attempt at success, but nevertheless, the crimean khan then annoyed russia for a long time, russia. inferior to the west, this becomes obvious, among these failures, in fact, the first attempts of peter i are the first azov campaign, also not the most powerful fortress, because the azov fortress was outdated at that time, nevertheless, the first azov campaign fails, the second was successful with great effort, well then a disaster blew up, 1700, from which the northern war begins for russia, all this shows that the country needs modernization, because if the army fights like this, if... the situation with military-political efforts is so bad, then this means that you can simply be eaten, to put it completely in a completely banal language, and they wanted to eat, and they wanted to eat, they wanted to eat, russia pulled out such a joker from the figure of peter

, because the figure is completely extraordinary, there are a lot of coincidences here in my opinion, well listen, the sixteenth child, from the second marriage, by the way, it doesn’t matter, well, i don’t remember, you know, you can get lost, with so many descendants you can get beaten up, it was necessary for a lot of all sorts of circumstances to develop in order for this particular person to come to the throne, he did not receive the education that the heirs to the throne usually received, so to speak, after the death of his brother fyodor, in general, his teachers were the street, german freedom, and the german settlement, by the way, appeared next to preobrazhensky as well by chance, because that it burned down and could have been built in a completely different place, and we know what influence, so to speak

, german freedom had on peter, and those masters with whom he met and who taught him, but the same klyuchevsky, he i once wrote in my diary that autocracy, with only narva and no poltava, is nonsense. peter i really was one of those people who knew how to take responsibility, including, that is, he did not hesitate to take responsibility for mistakes made, he did not try to blame them on the performers, like many other figures in russian history, he never followed the principle of nicholas i. we do not need smart people, but loyal subjects, on the contrary, yes, on the contrary, from the very beginning this was so, but at the same time, for a huge part of the population, peter ii went down in history not as peter the great , but like peter. antichrist, this is an old believers designation, of course, because under peter the persecution of the old believers sharply intensified, in whom peter saw this antiquity, especially since the streltsy, the streltsy rebellion, this very one, which gave rise to peter’s emotions and which later, like many

according to historians, it cost him a nervous tic and fits of rage when he saw how matveev, his confidant, and his mother, peter ii, were dealt with before his eyes, of course, as you can remember lenin’s quote here, yes. i’m exaggerating, but nevertheless, i somewhat reformed a barbaric country using barbaric methods, the methods were extremely cruel, this cruelty was established from the very beginning, this is that part of peter’s reign that should in no case be forgotten, because there is such iconic the image of peter i, there is a second one, this shadow peter, who we must also remember, it’s generally curious, because we have a very similar attitude towards german freedom, well , some foreigners there, something like the word germans , we’re not... all these sprees of his in the german settlement, he studied and walked, although this is actually for a person, this is also a kind

of education, it shapes, so to speak , in general peter of course, well, according to today, you can call him a techie, he was primarily interested , back in preobrazhenskoe he took a lot from... the kremlin, all kinds of weapons and so on, yes from the armory, and then returned everything broken or disassembled into pieces, because he tinkered with all the pieces of hardware. first of all, he was interested, of course, in technology, military affairs, anything, so to speak, connected with technology, with all these matters, this was a priority and , in fact, when he went abroad, the first thing he i wanted to see the riga fortress, they didn’t allow me , then there was a version that he started to fight with the swedes because he was offended that they didn’t let him in, to see, they greeted him really very coldly, they greeted him coldly, unlike the germans.

well, of course, i remember that somewhere after peter’s death they found in the archives the notes of some incomprehensible gentleman, so to speak, his impression of the west, but what interested this gentleman, just to understand, these are the exact opposite antipodes , i don’t know, there are acrobats jumping over their heads, a dancing elephant, well, a lot of all sorts of entertaining things. dikovenki, yes, what did peter do, well, you know, khristomatina, he worked there, i don’t know, in holland, himself with his hands, by the way, it is known that here you can correct me again , i’m not good with numbers, but in his young years he had already mastered fourteen different, so to speak, specialties, or crafts, let’s say, professions, that’s too loud, of course, to some level the dutch... taught him construction on a ship, no, he was not

satisfied, he went to england, also studied a lot, there were episodes when he somehow touched on other topics, visited parliament , i left there impressed, and it’s funny when they scold the sovereign, so to speak, but not for us, but not for us , not for us, not for us, he had a conversation with the local archbishops about, so to speak, religions, church... and so on, it seemed like there was a serious conversation, although the englishman , in my opinion, he reacted to this conversation in such a way that he was an unusual combination of a wild barbarian and the smartest person, the same two german bookstores who received him, from whom he first covered his face with his hands, was embarrassed, and then they said that he was at the same time very kind and very evil , because that’s the way it is, that’s the way it was, so the person, of course, was very complex and contradictory, this... you have to understand, this is still largely a mystery, because

historians have versions of how he was formed, his personality traits that developed in childhood, but he is not a characteristic figure for russia in the 16th century, this is important to understand, this desperate curiosity, craving for novelty, the ability to assimilate it, the desire to touch everything with your hands and produce it all yourself, a clear focus on practical needs, theoretical ones also appeared later, when there will be regular regulations, when there will already be some... attempt to create what we call a regular state, but this will come later, peter’s reforms are quite chaotic, the whole goal is to create a coalition against turkey, although historians argue from the very beginning whether it was against the ottoman empire, maybe initially there were also ideas about sweden, but in any case, the task is to create a coalition for access to the sea, what is the sea needed for? this is trade, since the proceeds from trade with russia ended up in the pockets of western merchants and one of the largest cities through which russian goods are exported is riga,

accordingly, konexberg, where, by the way, to peter, on the question of his practical needs, the head of the prussian artillery demonstrated, accordingly, the fortress artillery, how to handle it, and peter , first of all, listened carefully and absorbed all this. peter is looking for allies, trying to create an international coalition in order to get access to the sea, access to the sea is also an opportunity to get more of those very new products of the west, and in this case it is not particularly important for him to have access to which sea, or to black, then with turkey it is necessary to fight, continuing the azov theme, or the north, respectively, then against sweden, but it must be said that diplomatically it didn’t work out very well, russian diplomacy then only went to short pants in holland; the diplomatic mission failed completely, absolutely, including through fault peter himself, subtlety is not enough... strength, and europe at this time, what interests us

, the elderly spanish king was soon to die, and europe was supposed to grab the spanish inheritance, who were the bourbons, the french, or the habsburgs, the sacred the roman empire, vienna, peter ii visited vienna, of course, he was there, well, as always, the austrians in their goal with these diplomatic subtleties, then, at least, later he will learn, and russian diplomats will then learn, but then again. i couldn’t cope, especially since the russians were just beginning to comprehend the science of giving bribes to foreign ministers, but so far they behaved quite freely, in my opinion, in holland, or in england, in england the owner, the owner of the house where the russian was located , presented the bill embassy for broken furniture, torn paintings and even a ruined park, they had a complete rest, to the fullest, but it was not possible to create a coalition against turkey, then russia, in general, is not particularly interested in europe, western europe. even if you look at the maps , there are all sorts of names there, and there

’s black russia, white russia, tataria, it’s just not interesting, europe ends, roughly speaking, then it’s still poland, well, yes. he still managed to create a coalition against sweden, but the swedes interfered with the danes, the saxons, the saxon ruler, augustus x, thanks russian troops, by the way, received the polish crown, friendship, and they met with august on the way back, and in fact the final touches to the anti-swedish alliance were given when peter rushed, it must be recalled, he was going to get to italy, just to venice , yes, yes, get acquainted with the venetian trade, venice was not yet there... a girl died, it looks like she was killed, like your husband, what do you want from me, someone threatened your husband,

tell me, shazu, what do you want from me, we need to find out where to handpick, bezrukov in serial film... valery todorovsky bison, the case of a fashion model, from monday on the first. a person usually dies through his own decision to die. how to prolong life and stop aging, vladimir skulachov tested his discovery, which he called immortality. in fact, he didn’t age that much in the end, because unfortunately, his departure from life was associated with an accident. our exclusive, the main secret of the scientist’s invention. with a worldwide reputation, while we breathe, we burn ourselves out very slowly, we visited the laboratory, we looked at the naked earth-diggers, behind the revelation of the secrets of their longevity, there are the secrets of our longevity, such a new fashion among those who want to prolong life, in the states they offer an extract due to the stem cells of infants, it is possible theoretically to extend our lifespan to

200 years, which academician vladimir skulachev also learned about the secret of life and death. vladimir petrovich did not let old age defeat him. children from kulachev continue experiments, testing their famous father’s elixir on themselves. we are very determined to complete this work. death was invented by evolution for its own acceleration, death is not necessary for living beings. exclusive with dmitry borisov. premiere next saturday, on the first. this is a historical podcast, russia and the west on the swing of history. we are studying, considering the history of peter’s reforms, in fact, you outlined why peter nevertheless went to the baltic, why the northern war began, because well, this was truly the national interest of russia, it was necessary

to break through to the baltic, the history of the confrontation with the swedes is long, there was a lot there. us they beat, they beat for a long time, while in the forest, we don’t know much about it, but peter called her this battle the mother of poltava, so to speak, because there for the first time, the swedes were completely defeated, and there were much fewer russians, somewhere on 6,000, and most importantly, it raised morale, so they went to poltava with a completely different mood, enough to talk about the importance of poltava. also a topic, i will give only one, such a funny episode, our former ambassador to sweden, grinevsky, recalled that when one swede was asked what would have happened if they had won swedes, not russians, and he answered that well,

then a soviet, swedish union, republics would also arise, because well, in english. it sounds like, so, so, so, that means, somewhere near the white sea a small russian state would have arisen, very rich, comfortable, in 1991, in 1991, this whole swedish union would have collapsed miserably, apparently the russians thought, maybe it’s near the white sea, maybe it’s not like this... it will be so rich, maybe it’s not so russian, it will be this state, apparently they decided, they thought, decided that without all these, it might be better to win, the battle of poltava immediately put russia among the european states , let's remember that sweden at this moment was a very powerful regional power, almost a world power, which

rose to prominence as a result of the thirty-year war in europe, the swedish army is considered the legislator of the motto in land battles at that time... this victorious swedish army, which had previously beaten the russians led by charles, beat the poles, whoever had been beaten up to this moment, here it is suffers devastatingly, here it is important to understand that this was not just a defeat , it was a disaster, it was a complete collapse... thunder later, after the pursuit of the russian army after poltava, it was captured, but it must be said that peter is leading to poltava very carefully , peter avoided unnecessary risks, in general there is such an idea, peter is decisive, storm onslaught, there and so on , like biz with almost iron and blood, peter is very careful, peter, in the period after narva, by the way, there is an interesting nuance here, history does not know the constituent mood , but imagine what would have happened if charles 12 had not followed augustus to poland? yes, i would have turned immediately after poltava to finish off peter. it is possible that history could have gone a different way. charles xxi made a fundamental,

strategic mistake, and peter ii. using the strategy of a small war, the strategy of attrition, swedish troops are attacked in the neva region and in livonia. he gradually recaptures the cities, then recaptures narva itself without the noise with which his defeat was associated. in the same way, using the strategy of attrition slowly. using the strategy of squeezing the land, he essentially forces charles xi to depend on the convoys and eventually go to mazepa, although the story with mazepa was a surprise for peter himself, mazepa in this sense demonstrated loyalty, unlike many previous hetmans, but these are details, strategies for crushing the enemy never did not follow, he was a very careful commander, a fairly cautious ruler, few people here think about why , in fact , as many as 12 years passed between poltava and the non-state world, what happened, we have little to say about it somehow

thinks, some people think that it’s all about charles the twelfth, this is his character, he was generally, well, he was stubborn, he was stubborn, he didn’t give up and so on, nevertheless, when he returned home, after some time, it means again he had a lot of plans, and now he already wanted the russians to become allies, then all these... conversations ended, because charles x2 was somewhere in norway during the assault on another fortress, which means he died, his sister came in, everything froze what is peter doing? first of all, no panic, he was sure that by this moment the russian army, the russian fleet are capable of defending russia. secondly, the policy of peace enforcement began. you said they went and beat until poltava. the same.

they landed troops on swedish soil, they marched and did not touch churches, they did not touch the civilian population, they destroyed factories there, copper smelters there, and so on and so forth, especially since peter ii removed the threat to germany, he removed troops from mecklenburg, he again i didn’t take risks, this is very important, and in parallel with this, it is also important to understand why for 12 years, firstly, the swedes had a fleet, which also had to be beaten, and gangut in the fourteenth year, green-gam then, and the swedish fleet is defeated, since in view of the english, by the way, but the most important thing is that during all this there is a restructuring, a radical restructuring of the entire system of management, taxation, and army support , the old system of noble militia, which was dying even before peter, it did not work, yes, hence the attempts of the reitar regiments even under mikhail fedorovich, then the restoration under alexei mikhailovich, this does not work the system is outdated, accordingly, peter i introduces conscription without limit. source, and this is a tough, very tough system, if a recruit runs, then those who accordingly provided him, those who

vouched for him, there were guarantors, must take his place, a very tough system that caused opposition, but nevertheless , provides it, he provides the army with personnel, the army needs to be supplied, accordingly, tax reforms come from here, this very famous poll tax, hence the censuses and audits that have begun fairy tales that... to count how much of the population how much can be taken from it then these are all the famous incomers and when and this should be counted completely the profession appeared and where to take taxes and the first was, in my opinion , sheremetyev’s yard man - sheremetyev’s butler and kurbatov who came up with , that you can take money from stamped paper, and this led to the fact that the paper on which official decrees are written must be stamped. and this. rebuilds the entire legal system, that is, the source of law now becomes only

the state, well, yes, and who has the stamp paper, only the sovereign, only the state, and accordingly, money goes to the state, and the state again sharply strengthens control over citizens, here it begins to take shape, initially it’s quite chaotic , this image takes shape a regular state, which is quite modern with the ideas that then exist in europe. a state where there is a ruler, accordingly identifies itself with the fatherland, and peter ii, in fact , identified himself with the fatherland, considered himself servant. the fatherland, though first, of course, but still a servant of the fatherland, but at the same time this regular state must subjugate the inhabitants, there must be control over the inhabitants, symbolically, peter i returns from the great embassy, ​​in addition to the fact that he chops off the heads of the archers, he takes part in torture, he cuts the boyars’ beards, with his own hands, and then after a while he also shortens the poltans, that is, albeit petty, but

control, including personal control. residents of the state and it all adds up to that pyramid of reforms, because peter’s reforms are very difficult to study chronologically, because here and there, yes, we still talk about them in hindsight, yes, because otherwise it is really chaos, peter works on the stimulus-response principle, on first place initially, the navy, the army, and then everything that follows, but in the end it doesn’t line up in some simple pile, in general. the building continued to exist structurally after his death. all historians, strictly speaking, they build chronologies, as you said, there it’s almost impossible, because everything is going on at the same time, being adjusted, corrected, expanded, canceled, and so on , only then, based on the result of the reforms, they say, here are peter’s reforms, but how to do this, you can only

look into this great turmoil and quickly jump out from there, because there is little there, not much, peter corrects his own mistakes, one of the first reforms he introduces, having arrived from the west, having looked at the mayors in the elected cities, immediately those who elect mayors have more benefits in trade and craft, which means they will get richer, so they should be given a double salary, peter rolls back, yes, peter understands that he went too far here, this will further be characteristic of his reign, peter managed to do everything, reformed a lot. in all areas and not everywhere, of course, it worked out, somewhere it turned out great, let’s say, well, military affairs, the army, so to speak, even military training, military craft, all this was done very well and quickly, very historically, so to speak, peter even got rid of foreign advisers, because after peter, after peter

, salaries were leveled, no, they were, but. a generation of russian officers was already rising, of course, industry is irrelevant, because so much was built, well, one example, if iron was exported before peter, then after peter it could already be imported, on the contrary, well, or rather, on the contrary, the quality is no worse, and even worse better than foreign ones, the same with weapons, and this is a matter of national security, they bought weapons in huge quantities, under peter they practically stopped to purchase, that is, some types, something else was purchased, but in general they switched to their own production, a failure, of course, this was agriculture, because the country was so exhausted, the village was bled dry, so here, of course,

to take a step forward, well since it was simply impossible to step into the area where industry was located, let’s say. we continue to deal with peter's reforms in the historical podcast, russia and the west on the swing of history. you said, in general, peter understood perfectly well that war requires money, money, and money. therefore, here is the military question, military reform, it dragged everything else with it. of course, i succeeded in education, and i made progress in some special areas of education. but in general, of course, the country remained illiterate, the same as it was, so those who received, so to speak, a certain education, these are, of course, specialists, because they were needed, nevertheless, the academy was created, no, the academy was in petersburg, schools have been created, schools have been created, no, a lot has been done, everything is due to christianity this is what is being created, in addition to the fact that the peasants are building st. petersburg, in addition to the fact that the

driven peasants were also building that same azov fleet. who allowed us to take the same thing the second time, these are thousands of people who were moved, and then tens of thousands, and then hundreds of thousands. petrovsky manufactories, their number under peter increases by an order of magnitude, but at the same time, those who worked in the few manufactories before peter had free hired labor, including those who were either otkhodniks, or those who earn rent for the landowner, and now and there he enslaved, or a few, respectively free after all... serfs, yes, who are assigned to the ural factories and the merchants were called , get the opportunity to own them, because , by the way, petrovsky’s reform is also an interesting one, first the state creates various kinds of merchant trades, understanding , that it doesn’t work very effectively, they are sometimes simply given to merchants for nothing with

the obligation that the merchant must fulfill government orders, army orders first of all, the main source of development, anyway state, so this strengthening of serfdom is a huge problem that also needs to be talked about, because the main source of reforms is the tightening of serfdom. yes, it did not begin under peter the slavophiles were of course wrong here, they attributed to peter a sharp tightening of serfdom, it began the conciliar code of eternal enslavement, but peter i, of course, tightens these screws very tightly, to the point that the peasants, and like black sows former, that is, state peasants, they are now all state, it is different, subgroups are leveled by the state. christie also do not have the right to free movement, he got drunk, ended up in a neighboring village in a drunken shop, you are forcibly expelled back and put on notice that maybe he tried to escape, how many disputes there were about whether

it was possible or impossible to reform russia, so to say, not as harshly as peter did, well, dashkova, for example, wrote that peter instilled some kind of skills that russians would still have come to by communicating with others. the question is very controversial, but it is clear that to shave the beard, it is unlikely that this would greatly help, so to speak, the reforms and a controversial issue , you can argue, because of my beard, i think that it was impossible, it was impossible, it was not necessary, so, were these very mandatory camisoles and tobacco necessary? foreign overalls, lifestyles need to be changed, no, lifestyles need to be changed, long overalls, a different type of movement, right? yes, yes, yes, but he had to walk around with scissors and cut, because he had to quickly, that is, he cut

everything off at once, ran, it’s clear why, after all, during the astrakhan uprising, as we know, astrakhan stood up, depressed, yes, bloody, they wrote tearful letters to the don cossacks so that they would support them, that in these letters, yes, there are, so to speak, complaints about hardships, some kind of service, something else, but first first of all, humiliation of human dignity, why are they forced to go to church in a foreign costume, why are these same beards miserable, and so on and so forth, tobacco forces, it ’s generally difficult to imagine now, but in russia she didn’t smoke, she didn’t smoke, for smoking my nostrils were torn. before peter, yes, but here, that means they are forcibly forced to smoke, it was possible to get by without this, russia before peter is, in fact, on the verge of the possibility

of becoming a dependent country, yes, the history that eventually overtook poland, three partitions, no poland, the ottoman empire, a sick man of 19th century europe, who bullies everyone and everything, who miraculously, in fact, to a large extent, thanks to... including kemal ataturk, at the beginning of the 20th century, preserved his own sovereignty, where was it all going? persia, which exhausted itself itself, simply squeezed out everything it could from its own inhabitants. china, which in the end also turned into states torn apart and which was recovering throughout the twentieth century, in the end, after the great wars, russia was waiting for this story, and it was painful to break out of this dependence, and the price was high, the population in the country is approximately 12 million , half a million losses, that's gigantic. yes, just one small remark about the vital necessity of peter’s reforms, well, history in general loves paradoxes, such jokes and so on, later

peter became very friendly with leibniz, a very famous figure, but he is there , i don’t even know what to call him, he was everything, he is also such an encyclopedic person, and a philosopher, everything is there, if you list it, you’ll be tormented there, so , uh, they then they became friends, corresponded, and when peter was in europe, they traveled there together, and so, before peter appeared, libnets came up with a peace plan for europe, so that they would not fight with each other, would not fight, and he came up with a plan by dividing the spheres influence. outside europe, there the spaniards would naturally sail to the southern here and there america was conquered by the french in africa, and the swedes were assigned russian

land, so he just thought of everything, he was the wisest man, yes, but there was one thing that the light of peter the great did not foresee, so let’s not reduce those actual possibilities to peter alone, yes, because the country had potential, yes, the potential was enormous, peter managed to use it, your teska nightingales historian knows, he wrote that russia was ready, was waiting for the leader, the leader appeared. and russia stepped forward, well, in general , yes, if we talk about failures, peter ii, of course, he placed a huge bet on the fleet, well, firstly, russia never received a merchant fleet, and the navy partially rotted after peter the great, it is also important to understand that russia is a maritime power, russia became a land power with a fleet, but a maritime power, and here a very difficult question, it’s peter’s heirs who are to blame, it’s a resource... it wasn’t enough, but

the fact remains: in russia there was no incentive for development, to call a spade a spade, let’s do it, but capitalist relations at that time were not yet enough. yes, some things worked, some things didn’t work out, and the price for it was, for all these reforms, of course, you are right, but they just paid a huge amount. it was a historical podcast: russia and the west on the swings of history. pyotr romanov was with you. and sergei solov. study history with us; without history, modernity cannot be understood. all episodes of the russian west podcast on the swing of history can be viewed on the website of the first channel 1tv.ru. hello, this is the podcast burn with fire and i, its host dnes gorelov with a story. about the main

trends of national cinema, about the digest of the most important national film innovations of the last 30 years, about the extent to which this influences the current state and development of national cinema. the country is developing quite intensively, we live closely, since last year we have already begun, in my opinion, the third period of national development of the country, the first took place in the nineties, it was a time of absolute anarchy in the complete absence of the state, such a process of the hour happens when there is a change from social economic structure, something similar happened in the world during the great french revolution and in our country the time of the october revolution, the state is slowly dying out, a new one has not yet been born, so there are problems, and the main spokesman for this time, according to the general consensus.

when, well, when everyone left , it was in these conditions, in fact, that a new stage of balabanov’s cinema began , he once began with productions of kavka and becket, i was very interested in the sim twins, i read books about them, there were also czech girls like that well, that is, i was interested in everything about such ugly things. i suddenly read about

i didn’t know about these, about the fact that people are masochists, but in 1997 my brother came out, from that moment his films began to talk about a man maintaining self-respect in the complete absence of a state apparatus , and the word man is very important here , because all the feminist heresies of that time still came from a post-industrial society, from a push-button economy, which of course equalizes men and women, in our situation, where the share of physical labor is still strong, and -

there is no one hundred percent security, therefore, when protecting neighbors, sometimes it is also necessary to use physical effort, a woman in these conditions always loses, simply because it is not created. for no physical effort. atuyara, the pig slayer, is the main character of the film, but she died. and in thunderstorm 200, he has an extremely sympathetic character of the southeast, in kochigar the main character , as well as in the failed film river, in which all the characters died in a car accident, the current asia of the southwestern caucasus, he was quite ferocious, for which he was actively criticized and pursued by the domestic liberal intelligentsia, and the world community , the cinema community, simply did not take his films into the competition, there was even some paradox, because not a single picture of a man held the palm of national cinema.