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Understanding 9/11tv Efim Slavskii 1TV November 8, 2023 12:00am-1:03am MSK
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efim slavsky, the all-powerful nuclear minister, a stroke of his pen was enough for unprecedented test sites, giant enterprises and new cities to appear on the map. and thank god, we built everything and never made a mistake. slavsky was nearly 50 when he was unexpectedly called to the lubyanka, he is the deputy minister of non-ferrous metals, three orders of lenin on his chest, why is a respected person called beria’s department, and even so urgently, i
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am called by zavenyagin, who was the first deputy of the ministry of internal affairs, i trembled feet, i think maybe i did something, it's times were terrible, i came to him, he came out from behind the table to stand up for me and the taxi driver, and then the word atom could not be pronounced, otherwise the posad. it was the spring of '46, a little more than six months had passed since the united states dropped atomic bombs on hiroshima nagasaki. the government of harry truman was in a hurry to use military advantages. just a couple of months after the bombing in japan , american strategists set their sights on the cities of the soviet union. secret war plan. here is
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a map that i found in the american archives, the national archives the united states of america with twenty cities that were intended for priority bombing, we see with you leningrad, here and moscow, here babysi, baku, the oil industry, the urals, they planned to bomb already in october 1948, the americans were sure that the ussr did not have nuclear technology, it it’s unlikely to have time to appear. then there was a meeting between us president troman and the developer of nuclear charges , oppenheimer, he asked openheimer, in your opinion, when the russians could create an atomic bomb, he thought and said: “i don’t i can tell you this sol." then tromant says with impudence: "i
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will never name this date. on august 20, 1945 , lavrinty beria was appointed head of the ussr atomic project. a structure is created. the first main directorate is headed by colonel general boris vannikov. the goal set for management sounds short. by 1948, make an atomic bomb. the project participants understood. physicists, about 140 radiochemists who had an idea of what such an atom is, what it is eaten with, brave managers were needed, capable of solving production problems. with
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many unknowns, on the recommendation of igor kurchatov, efim slavsky is brought into the project. this is precisely why he was called to the lubyanka. beria's deputy announced the order. tomorrow or the day after tomorrow , a decree will be signed under the signature of comrade stalin on the transfer of your non-ferrous metals department to atomic affairs, to vannikov. i went. i was completely stunned, i didn’t say anything to anyone, i didn’t know what to do, i didn’t tell my wife anything, i didn’t sleep, you know, for 2 days, several fragments of an interview with slavsky filmed in the late eighties, it’s hard to believe that the almighty minister here is already 90 years old, you know, at that age. maybe you
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quickly realize that you’re screwed, but i ’ll tell you honestly, i’m absolutely, absolutely fearless, no matter what. slavsky was like this all his life, absolutely fearless. a donbass boy who worked from the age of 10 in a mine at the makeyevka metallurgical plant. and when the civil war began, he went to fight in budyonny’s first cavalry army. was wounded twice, rose to the rank of commissar, generally strictly speaking, horsemen are special people, where your life is on a sharp saber. will weaken the continuation of your arm, the longer the arm, the more luck you have, the healthier and stronger it is, so to speak, you will also win, so to speak , he was a 100% horseman, well , imagine, your life is here, not somewhere... then there you shoot 100 meters away, there he is at the tip of your saber, slavsky was
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like that, and efim pavlovich recalled the history of his appointment to the atomic project as extreme stress, a metallurgist by training today the creation of the first soviet nuclear bombs are often presented as a story of successful borrowing of other people's ideas. this is exactly how, for example, the legendary intelligence officer pavel sudoplatov described this process. i talked to the ship payer, judging by his book,
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everything was also stolen for a bomb, i asked him a question, do you think that if. there is intelligence, it brings information, intelligence wins the battle, or what? slavsky had to lead the offensive to win the battle. in the urals, in conditions of impassability, lack of equipment, deep secrecy, the mayak plant was built to develop weapons plutonium, a material that does not occur in nature. in the documents of that time, the construction is designated as plant number 817. we have in the archive a title list of capital works on facility 817 of the second reign for the third quarter of 1946, the day before there were serious scientific debates about the reactor design,
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there were several proposals: it was necessary to choose one kurchatov entrusted the decisive conversation with the designers to slavsky, a win-win option. they deliberated for a long time, several hours, that’s all, and then they needed a decision, that’s all they were silent, he said, secretary, well, write to the girl, first second, third, everyone left silently, no one said anything else, but when things started, one of those who was present at this meeting said, we thought that you're crazy, how could you do this? how's that? slavsky then answered this doubter: could you really have guessed that i, having imagined that i was smarter than everyone else, somehow i dictated the decision, i pumped something out of you, from each head, he selected
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three options for kurchatov, but preference gave the project to nikolai dolezal, which was ultimately approved ... it was implemented more efficiently than the american one, with horizontal technological channels, to see the essence, so he understood that , so to speak, this kind of design of physics, which he did not know, this design should to have vertical channels, our industrial reactors worked for three resources, but the americans quickly got out of the way. this is a belarusian nuclear power plant near the city of ostrovets in the grodno region. on november 1, 2023, the most important thing happened here event. the commission of the republic of belarus signed an act of acceptance for operation of the second
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power unit of the nuclear power plant. the complex of construction work at the station has been completed. and belarus in a rapid way. into the nuclear family, last year, they had about, in my opinion , 14-15% of nuclear electricity, they overtook the uk and... canada, this year there will be at least 25, which means they will overtake the united states of america, say the word and russia. season premiere: what were you doing at ion's the night of the murder? well, this is what a man can do at night with a woman, but i can show you. thank you for valuable information, that’s enough, let’s go , it’s good that you called, but he had to be torn out like a sidraz. but uncle vanya, he’s an idiot, what kind of maniac is he?
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he has the guts of a tank, since this is the last case, let’s do everything cleanly, you need it more than i do, you know, brains, cherkassov’s last case, and why am i just now wasting time after the program on the first, romca, a product of the stellar group. what kind of idiot actually wrote this letter and what a cool cool kostya kinchek, they could actually go to prison, because the musicians’ lesson was imprisoned if roman kostomarov would not be a famous legendary athlete, you would fight for him, he would end up on the same bed, on the same ecmo machine, on the same apparatus, and we don’t have any kind of division, consideration of the case of kamilla valieva, of course, they want, so that geniuses like her, because she is truly a prominent genius, they want this to be born in their countries, because if we have it in our country, we will always defeat them, any person who
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wants to adequately assess the present, of course should know the stories, they don’t ask now, it was you who flew into space, now they say it was you who starred in the film challenge, but to me it’s different , she says to me, well, it was you who flew the sulipe, i say , no, it’s strange, it’s so similar, she says, you flew it yourself, i know that you recently had a very difficult accident, rear seat forward, i have a concussion, a man got into a standing accident at a speed of 110, he didn’t brake at all. podcast lab, all nights with you. in 1945, when an experimental reactor was being built at the kurchatov laboratory, the technology for purifying graffito was still in its infancy. had to be created. kurchatov turned to beria, who went to the people's commissariat of non-ferrous metals. they ordered to organize production. kurchatov gave him the task to make everything cleaner, cleaner,
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cleaner without such people, everything is difficult from a metallurgical, from a chemical point of view, but in the end, he still did it. the battle for pure graphite made them very friendly. kurchatov could no longer imagine beslavsky’s further work. he called him budenovets. perhaps the academician took into account not only. in the best quality that he can solve problems boldly, selflessly, saber in hand. march 12, 1947, at a joint meeting of the house of representatives and the senate of congress. president harry truman put forward a specific plan of action against truman. the ussr was
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declared an enemy from which the countries of western europe must be saved. at the same time, the united states was actively building up a nuclear arsenal in order to begin its expansion closer to our borders. today's american historians presumably believe that by march 1947 the united states had 14 atomic bombs, and by march. eighth year 50. at the mayak plant in march 1948 laying of graphite plates into the reactor core was underway. the long-awaited pre-launch work. everyone worked on loading uranium clouds into the technological channels. kurchatov, slavsky, vannikov practically did not leave the site. on june 19, the reactor began producing the first grams of plutonium.
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this is a historical place where the controlled launch of the first reactor took place, annushka in the soviet union, the panel has historically remained the same as the first day of launch and now, even under kurchatov, who launched slavsky, everyone was here, in this very place. slavsky was initially appointed director of plant number 817, but then, due to missed deadlines, beri demoted him to chief engineer. efim palovich with his. a performer from whom all the demand is for pace, for quality, for any price. the forest did not spare either itself or people in the thick of it. he was very tall, very strong, with a good voice, and did not shy away from folk
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expressions, as they say, which had their effect. listeners, all the work went faster, well, there was such a time, yes, once in mine at a depth of 18 m, a barrel with uranium blocks got stuck. slavsky decided to go down there with a welder to clear the blockage. and kurchatov, listen, at least hang a device around your neck that will record. what kind of activity is there already, where are you going down, the devil knows what i’m saying, well , the devil will interfere with me, but i need it, i took a break, i need to somehow, you know, fuck it off, and i was very irradiated strongly, in the summer of 1949, two
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hemispheres were pressed from plutonium for an atomic charge; when the mold cooled down, everything gathered around it management. and then a problem arose, no one can push it apart in order to get the precious shell, from the mold and so on , let me, he says, i will solve this problem, he took chisels, there is a powerful swamp, as they say, and with one blow it was broken. budenovets, everyone froze, afraid to breathe, slavsky pulled out absolutely from the cracked mold. many years later, recalling these days , minister slavsky said that for them, the participants in the uranium project, the war did not end in 1945, all this time until that very
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minute, until august 29, 1949. the first soviet nuclear charge was tested, they understood that there was a battle going on, they had to win, no matter what, and not show it when it was scary, and most importantly, they needed to be able to make decisions, often very difficult ones, they are equivalent to the decision made by the division commander , front and so on, body. in war, because you send, this is invisible , this is radiation, this is radiation sickness, doctors calculated, slavsky received three lethal doses of radiation during his career in the nuclear industry, and worked as a minister until 88, he had a unique good health. i remember how
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evgeny pavlovich verikhov, a young man, came. to the already very elderly slavsky, then i listened to him, said, but you are young people here, you will do something, and then i have to answer before the politburo in 2000, the conversation took place in 80 some year, he was already over 80 years old, so he believed that he would still be a minister until he was 100 years old, so in this sense he was quite far ahead of his forces, he predicted, to use, the main work is underway to create a reactor vessel up to block number one, which will be next year the first test atomic electricity will be produced. this is the rubpur nuclear power plant site in bangladesh. it is located on the eastern bank of the ganges. nuclear fuel from russia also arrived here quite recently in october 2023. another
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country has become the owner. we saw that this is not a holiday. builders, this is not a holiday for the leaders of bangladesh, this is a holiday for the bangladeshi people. the history of the construction of nuclear power plants by rosatom, as the successor to the ministry of medium engineering of the ussr, dates back to a small nuclear power plant in obnensk, startup, which on june 26, 1954, marked the beginning of a new erch in the world - a reactor there, but they received heat, but did not receive electricity. and magathe said that no, our nuclear power plant was the first in the world to be recognized. it was a competition between the two largest nuclear powers, the ussr and the usa, in the political sphere. it was necessary to show the whole world that a controlled nuclear reaction is suitable not only for military purposes, it can serve people in obnensk.
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slavsky, at that time still the first deputy minister, was in charge of the facility. not far from the reactor stood the table of efim pavlovich slavsky, ifim pavlovich generally came to the site, constantly, personally controlled everything and took a large part in the creation. the npp was built in 3 years, a fantastic result, but after the launch so many unsuccessful stations arose, it was out of harm ’s way to close the station, so efim pavelichlavsky said that it’s not about closing it, it’s about what needs to be done in order it worked, it turned out to be very right, because 48 years of accident-free operation, and this is not only electricity, here they generated directly in the reactor and floods for medical purposes, reactors at... nuclear power plant, beloyarsk nuclear power plant, and many, many such unique research base. all
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subsequent grandiose nuclear projects were led by efim palovich slavsky as a minister. he was appointed to this post by decree of the presidium of the supreme soviet of the ussr in july 1957, and was sent into retirement. the moment of his retirement, the industry reached its maximum maximum heights, well, suffice it to say that the accumulated weapons potential already exceeded 4000 nuclear weapons, i’m not sure i’m saying there are huge dozens of atomic-like trays, a gigantic fleet. the icebreaker lenin is already his brainchild, the world's first surface vessel equipped with a nuclear power plant. on december 3, 1959, the icebreaker was put into
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trial operation. the solemn moment is approaching. the last words of the command, and the steel mass slowly leaves the land. for the first time, a flag flew over a peaceful nuclear ship, the flag of the soviet union, we are not just leaders in this, we are so far the only ones, the only ones on the planet who do this, today they are being made at the baltic plant in st. petersburg two nuclear icebreakers, two will be laid down in the near future, these are icebreakers with a power of 60 mw, there is nothing like it in the world, the next generation will already have 100. 20 mw of power on the shafts, the icebreaker is the leader, they call themselves the veldergs, who are all these people, i
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it is not allowed to talk about this, the owners who run this club, they are for sherms , they do not want to be known, it is necessary to go through initiation rituals to enter this closed club, what terrible experiments have been carried out on the world for more than half a century, this is the so-called the bible is from satan, where the main ones have been deduced, this is the horror, the conference in lisbon was the most secret. does not fit the idea of a world government through control over artificial intelligence, artificial intelligence is already actively used on the battlefield, i mean ukraine specifically, they really want to subjugate russia, this is bilderg’s program, without this the world domination of the anglo-saxons is unattainable if us america is a doll, then who controls this doll, to whose fingers these dolls of the heir tutti are drawn, tomorrow is on the first. gene sheaf, product of stetel group,
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has the wind scattered the old name, there is no road to my past land, if you see it, you try from afar, you won’t see me, you won’t see me, my friend, goodbye! i am sailing away, time carries me from edge to edge, from shore to shore honeycombs, melikot, farewell my friend, i know the question in it, glory, the spring night wind will bring you a sigh. good life.
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boris klyuev is an actor who could boldly say: “life is good.” so charming. roles in tv series, movies and theaters that you can only dream of. almost died of love. and suddenly, a terrible blow of fate, at the very top success. the disease gradually took hold of him, but he still remained a courageous man to the end. having learned about the fatal diagnosis, he called us to the dacha. we were going to a fun report with barin, as klyuev jokingly called himself . it turned out that this was the final confession, which, as happens with extremely positive people, also came out ironic, although even more poignant, it seems that you lost everything in this place, and then suddenly it turns out that you won, unknown details, the results of the life of boris klyuev , let down by himself, exclusive with dmitry borisov, premiere, on saturday at the first, the very idea of a nuclear fleet
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was clean and clean, and there was no need to burn thousands of tons of coal. he was not a highbrow scientist, but he knew how to listen, knew how to learn, and learned a lot through practice. his mastery acumen was unique. she determined the course of mincered for many years, and today rosatom follows this course. we are the successors in the victories that mash laid. talk about his legacy, and, as they say, pass on the fire. slavsky turned 125 years old, he lived 93. tall, strong, efim pavlovich never looked like an old man, behind him one could feel incredible strength, natural from the roots. we really wanted to find out if the people of slavsky, who is from the donbass, remember, if the house where the family lived 125 years ago was preserved. who will tell?
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we arrived on krasnaya street in the village of makeevka, now let’s try to find the place where the slavsky house stood, judging by the map, it should be somewhere here or here, the director of the makeevka museum of art and local lore, alexandra dmitrieva, responded to our request, and she became interested, maybe there was at least some left of the old house. we are looking for a trace, this one is very similar, it is really very similar to what we see in the photograph of the house, absolutely, look, it’s simple, this is the same fence, windows with blue frames, dark top.
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and number 12, here it is, you can see it, perhaps now we have made a small historical discovery, the slavsky house, it is probably already a century and a half old, stands, here it is in the photograph in the book, and this is on the red street in the village of makeevka, well you can see that oh, clay, clay mixed with straw, and... manure, probably, too, and then the plaster was laid on top, surprisingly, yes, such material, well, just like the one who was born in it, is really a house comparable to efim pavlovich himself, not is giving up under the weight of times and events, you see, it will become a museum, young russian citizens will come here
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to find out in what... conditions the soviet ministers were raised. in one house, under one roof, together with the grandparents’ family, there were three children in the family, three more uncles, with their families, that is, in this adobe there lived quite a large family in the house. slavsky chose his wife from a large family. his chosen one was the tenth child of... years younger than him, they assumed, of course, in the family that he would take someone older, but no, that little wife, she was very beautiful, very beautiful, you know, she has such a greek type of face, it’s not that she’s such a beauty, well, as i say, you can’t pass by, he didn’t pass by. efem at that time
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was graduating from the moscow institute of non-ferrous metals and gold, he, like many young communists who went through the civil war, the state sent me to study. imagine, 6-7 times more engineers were needed to carry out industrialization in the country, and reliable people were needed precisely from the point of view of the soviet regime, the young wife became not only a wife, but also her closest friend, assistants in business, always in any the situation was nearby. in the summer of 1941, in the face of the nazis, under mine fire, slavsky took the dnieper aluminum plant to the urals. thousands of wagons with equipment, aluminum and silicon went to the east, to kamen suralsky, also known as slavsky,
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reassembled the enterprise in order to start producing aluminum again as soon as possible. in fact, both aircraft and tanks depended to a large extent on how this would work. naturally, the team worked in the most difficult conditions , but the only reason for not working was if a person was already falling from exhaustion at work. until the end of the war, efialuch managed the only enterprise in the country that produced aluminum, and brought its production from 20 to 7500 tone, participants of that time who watched... they noted that he always came calm, balanced, in a suit, tie, you know, a clean shirt, this was ensured of course, his wife, already, when he became a minister and the family
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lived in prosperity, evgenia andreevna still did everything herself, her husband had no idea himself, so that someone else would cook his dinner, hire a housekeeper, bourgeois habits, usually sit in the kitchen at the table. without any, i really liked adding it, i remember red pepper in borscht, it was hot, it grew right on the windowsills, he bit it off with scissors, threw it there, kneaded it into spoons, several times we came across, of course, either he didn’t have time to finish eating, we wanted to try, for sure, and there it was that horror, everyone who worked with him remembers slavsky’s explosive, tough character, quickly boiled up : he was unrestrained in words and terrible in anger, few people wanted to get under the minister’s hot hand, so there were some difficulties, they would call, evgenia dredina, well, whatever, pavlovich, how was he, in general, she was
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more or less was always aware of all matters, well , as far as, as they say, this is possible, they raised two daughters, then grandchildren were born, every year he always visited the key objects of his state in the state, and evgenia andreevna along with him. everyone who ensured the minister's secrecy had to put up with this. efim pavlovich could not imagine how he could live without his wife. and in 1982 she passed away. the cancer developed quickly and there was no time to save him. for him, of course, it was a blow. i only saw him cry once in my life, of course his mother was there for him, what can i say, for so many years everything, yes, well, that’s it,
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production of the b-41 thermonuclear bomb, for strategic bombers, the power... of the shells is gigantic, up to 25 megatons. in essence, this was a moment of absolute superiority of the american nuclear arsenal. the ussr was forced to show strength at least at the testing level. they became more and more destructive. the americans received 10 megat at the beginning. not enough. but nikita sergeevich. khrushchev wanted to surprise the whole world. don’t be surprised if you think about stopping on the path of mutual destruction. here she is , kuzka’s famous mother, a threat to the world imperialism. we filmed the body of the an-602 hundred-megaton bomb in the nuclear weapons museum
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of the closed city of sorov. the power of this colossus for testing, just in case, was halved to 50 million tons. but 50 million is something that has never... exploded before, we had a tu-95 plane that could lift this bomb, so you say, where was the bomb, here it is this bomb, see? to carry out the tests , khrushchev appointed slavsky, minister of medium engineering, and marshal moskalenko, commander-in-chief of the missile forces. in the morning on october 30, 1961, a carrier plane with a bomb took off from an airfield on the kola peninsula and headed for the novaya zemlya archipelago. the bomb is approaching the point of explosion
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, altitude 4000 m. 3 seconds left, 2, one, zero, the effect of the exploding bomb met expectations, it was after this that the participants in the nuclear race began to negotiate. in 1963, the ussr, usa and great britain concluded a pact banning the testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere. even the half-power test proved that there will definitely be no winners, there will be no winners. and returning to our times to the lessons of those times, our opponent must also understand this now that there will be no winners. let's live together.
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in february 1960, before the tests, igor kurchatov died, a huge loss for the country and a great personal loss for slavsky, i repeat endlessly, i loved him, unlimitedly, i love him posthumously, dear comrades, i have never met such a person in my life , never ever. it was a touching, warm relationship between two completely different, but very close people. they experienced a lot together during the construction of the mayak combine near chelyabinsk and later, when production expanded and new reactors were put into operation. i spent my childhood mainly in the urals, then it was chelyabinsk-40.
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there was no city yet, the street name was full, the name of the street was written, and even several kilometers from this city, on the edge of the lake there were two houses, kurchatovsky and that means papin, two identical houses, well, that’s where we lived, right here in forest wilderness, away from the bustle of the city stood the dacha of efim pavelovich slavsky and igor vasilyevich kurchatov, this is the entrance from the side. slavsky, there was a kitchen here, this is already a living room, and its panoramic view of the lake, and then there was the living part of this house, most likely a children’s bedroom. kurchatov and slavsky loved lake irtyash, and if they could find a few free hours, they enjoyed fishing here. veteran.
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he told me, he brought it, the fishing rod should be ready, with a goose feather, the hook was there, he was digging for worms, and his father-in-law already had a garden, i’ll dig up the worms, i’ll bring them, so they were fishing, he talks like boys, he rolls up his pants and screams, it was great. in september 1957, 2 months after slavsky was appointed minister , a major accident happened at the lighthouse, a container with radioactive waste exploded, well, a can, such a metal can, imagine a huge one, buried in the ground, a huge lid on top, it exploded , that this lid flew into the sky, this is huge radioactivity, it means it rose into the atmosphere, with the clouds and there appeared such an eastern urayan radioactive trace.
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elimination of the consequences of the accident was carried out in the strictest secrecy. it was necessary to relocate thousands of people from the contaminated area, destroy buildings and livestock, and decontaminate the soil. fundamental work lasted for years and provided enormous experience, just like chernobyl later. yes, through the technologies that we are able to provide today. complete safety. everyone is talking about two-component nuclear energy and a closed fuel cycle, but only russia is implementing this project on the ground. in a closed city. near tomsk the world's first energy complex with a fast neutron reactor with a closed fuel cycle is being created. new absolutely safe nuclear energy. radioactive waste will be processed for reuse . well, this is certainly not a perpetual
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motion machine in the sense of the word, but it is a unique solution that no other country currently possesses. i think that. this is the scale of this new activity, ifema pavlovich would have liked it. slavsky’s office in the state corporation rosatom, where everything is as it was under him, the table at which documents with signatures were worked minister. now this is a museum where young nuclear scientists learn how the nuclear shield was created in the soviet union and areas developed that will be relevant for decades to come, for example, construction. turnkey city. afin pavlovich always approached any, generally any construction very thoroughly. that is, if an enterprise was built, then a full-fledged city with complete infrastructure and social facilities was always built nearby. the closed city of ozyorsk
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in the chelyabinsk region. it’s not easy to get here even today. it is fenced with prickly wire, just like in soviet times. residents enter the territory with passes, life behind the thorn was significantly different from what it was in ordinary cities of the ussr, a person who came here for the first time seemed to be in the future, i was on foot, entering the store, you know, there are sausages hanging, caviar, fruit , candy, when i saw it, i’m writing a letter to my mother, mom, this is such a city , here... i keep saying everything, like under communism, the answer: don’t lie, this can’t happen, this is minister slavsky’s idea, to build closed nuclear cities as cities of the future, with complete set social benefits, swimming pools, schools, kindergartens, holiday homes, plus decent salaries and
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first-class provision, he believed that if a person is wealthy. slavsky knew how, with him it was impossible to relax and not do something, punishment arrived right away, and no excuses were accepted, a dictator, you know, he was the master. he is forest everywhere, he should have known everything everywhere. once, seeing the dirt in the model workshop of the mayak plant, the minister burst out into a rant. i couldn’t stop, i was so indignant. the next day there is a meeting of the activists, a certain woman gets up marya ivanovna, a witness to yesterday,
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says: tefim pavlovich, you are a minister, which means you are a model for us, which means you are visiting ours. enterprise, you give advice, suddenly we hear from you, such expressions, strong , well, how is it so, it’s permissible, ivanovich comes to the podium, says, marya ivanovna, you’re right, i really accepted such strong words, this is no good, that’s it , but imagine, you walk through the enterprise, cleanliness, order, beautiful, suddenly you are met with a heap of dirt, and repeated the same words, the whole hall was lying, people they understood that he was not raging against them, but for the fact that there was order, not in one exemplary place, at every enterprise of a gigantic ministry, in the country, for example, the ministry of medium machinery produces uranium, and
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at the same time gold, they made fertilizers, for these fertilizers they fought for the farm, because no one else has such fertilizers... and somewhere it means some impurities, all these impurities, so they mined gold from 999 samples, and then silver and some other by-products, they had nothing did not disappear, december 1st, 1963 year, a disaster occurred at a gas field near the tiny steppe village of urta bulak in uzbekistan; at great depths, the drill fell into a rock formation containing... sulfur water under a pressure of 300 atmospheres. the drill string was pushed upward, sparked somewhere, and everything ignited. the tower collapsed and the mouth collapsed. wells, as if the gates of the wad had opened, a giant pillar of fire was shooting to a height of 120 m. neither gas industry specialists nor
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scientists from the ussr academy of sciences could do anything about it. 1074 days, almost 3 years, billions of cubic meters of gas burned in a hellish furnace. the solution was proposed by slavsky. efimi pavlovich said that let’s blow it up and connect a well. to the one along which the gas flows in an inclined direction, we will lower a thermonuclear charge there, detonate it, if the power is needed, the layers will shift and block the well. theoretical physicist viktor rozuvaev was responsible for the development of a thermonuclear charge. more accurate calculations were needed. the operation itself seemed so risky that if not for the authority. slavsky no one would dare to do this, he himself appointed the day under an explosion occurred on the ground, and in a matter of minutes
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the torch was finished. he was a man of quite an iron will, in those years when i already knew him, he was such an indisputable block in relation to whom contradictions simply did not arise, that is, they listened to him as the ultimate truth. in 1985, i didn’t understand the new rules of the game, i didn’t want to adapt, because for my dad these relationships, these kind of behind-the-scenes games, it’s so alien, absolutely to him, absolutely, if he cuts, he immediately all. less than a year later, chernobyl exploded. the country still knew nothing about what had happened, the aslavskys were in a helicopter, already flying around
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the destroyed station, and straight from there they called him to the central committee. they tell me on the phone, i think, at about 9 o’clock, almost 10, you know, that i should be with the prime minister in moscow tomorrow morning, i call the prime minister’s assistant, i say, listen. what’s the matter, why is there such urgency, i just arrived this morning, i’ll be here before evening tomorrow, i ’ll fly out of here only tomorrow evening, and i say i’m not aware of the matter, they removed him from his post, it’s somehow undignified hastily, essentially placing all the blame on slavsky. the station was subordinate to the ministry of energy, the head of the ministry of energy was punished, well, of course, the man is 88 years old, he’s already a couple anyway. he didn’t say anything, he closed himself off, there was no mother
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with whom he could, after all, he’s not the same with me, just like with my mother, of course, slavsky lived for another 5 years , died by accident from pneumonia, caught a cold or caught an infection in the hospital during the next examination, left a month before the collapse of the state, for which he had always been. he believed that the main work of his life, he created nuclear shield, he accomplished this task, he created a powerful industry, he created nuclear weapons that guarantee our security for many, many decades, he understood this, knew this, felt, realized and spoke about it, so he saw he is the main thing, he won. today rosatom is a conveyor of advanced solutions. the young heirs of the ministry of medium machine building
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are strengthening the country’s nuclear shield, building new nuclear units and wind power plants, developing nuclear medicine and making a breakthrough into the future by mastering quantum technologies. so but, as in the time of efim slavsky, they are driven by love for the fatherland, desire. fail to ensure its technological primacy and safety for further development. this is championship, this is victory, if you want, min sredmash, we simply have to, we have no other choice but to follow these traditions and that highest standard, that highest bar that was set by yufim pavlovich and his team. a man of an unimaginable biography, the last... the budenovist of the ussr put such strong, such powerful energy into his the point is that it lives. with new technologies,
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experience and knowledge. polished over the years, lives in everything that was created then, continues now, and even teases current and future nuclear scientists a little, you can do better, go for it. dear friends, the creative industry podcast is on air, this is an anniversary episode, but the anniversary is not ours, but mikhail efimovich shvidkov’s, mikhail
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efimovich, hello. hello, thank you very much, we won’t say how many years, because everyone already knows, i think, well , a lot, there’s nothing to keep track of, they keep track, but - mikhail efimovich, special representative of the president for international cultural cooperation, and artistic director of the moscow musical theatre, what do you think , when you appear on the screen, what does the population think, first, the population thinks about how to quickly turn off the tv - i’m speaking quite seriously, i must say right away that i generally treat any public with trepidation, because if there is no contact with the public on television or in the theater, then it’s the fault, it’s not the public’s fault, it’s their fault. in a sense, i’m always right, i’m like in a soviet store, the sign above the saleswoman is always cheerful, the buyer is always right, the public
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is always right, well, someone thinks that i... there is the host of the ogor program and in general , like a person who has read three books, some people like it when, uh, i ran a shelter for comedians, or let’s say, life is wonderful , sang songs, i liked it more too, to be honest, because i came to yale university, and - that means i’m there - at the department of the word read several... lectures on the history of russian culture, at this university, in this time, and he taught there, unlike me on a permanent basis, there was such an outstanding lithuanian poet, thomas wenslovo, he was so wonderful, and my hostess, who invited me, tells me, here is yale university, she says, listen, let 's go have dinner , well, thomas ventslov and his wife will come, well, i got ready, read it, and immediately
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started looking for his poems, well, to make some kind of impression. and he came to me and said: oh, how we love your program, life is wonderful, and we began to remember soviet songs, so that’s all the thing is, it didn’t come to poetry, in general, in your person, the ministry of culture became the ministry of happiness, it seems to me, because you are always a very cheerful person, you always broadcast this culture, which really enriches a person with emotions, positive emotions, once upon a time grisha gorin's grandfather said: boys, when you like life, it goes by faster, this is one of the very important truths, and i believe that one of the serious problems, here we are, when there was covid, and it ended, we were allowed to play 25% spectators in the hall, and everything was clear, we played for 25%
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, there were endless losses, then they allowed 50, and the formula life is beautiful worked amazingly, because people left home, all quarantines ended, everyone thought that now begins, and then, that means, after - after the special military operation began, we sat and thought for a long time, we should actually play a play called the life of beauty, and we decided to play it, the audience responded very warmly to this, mikhail efenovich, but how you think the path is huge, it can be my personal question, but to what extent are we masters of our own destiny, when we go and build this path, maybe in co-creation, a good question, i never thought that i could decide my own destiny there, i understood perfectly well that
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we live in such proposed circumstances that there are large lines of history that dictate this or that behavior, because in any proposed circumstances, you can behave, well, decently, or you can behave indecently, this does not mean i’m a conformist, i’m absolute conformist, i accept the terms life as i am, i don’t invent anything, i don’t try to fight there, shout that we’re going to change everything, now we’re going to rebuild everything, i’m not talking about that at all, it’s not about me, as the good soldier schweik said, i i am a member of the party of moderate progress within the framework of the rule of law, well, this position comes from childhood. well, yes, when i lived with my grandmother, my mother had her own family, my father had his own family, and naturally, this is the need
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not to offend anyone, to find some kind of right balance, sometimes even, well, sometimes even to put it together, just to no, well, not to offend one or the other there and so on, well, there was no need to lie to my grandmother , she knew everything, that’s why i lived with her, i lived with my grandmother until i was 20 years old, my grandparents, i would like to move forward a little to where you became a minister and on the day when the president invited you to become a minister, i know that you went into the president’s office with the intention of, as it were, generally refusing, there the president convinced you, but i’m interested in another question, when did you left the president, what were you thinking at that moment, i was thinking about horrible? i just understood that the situation that was in 2000 was extremely difficult, well, just so you don’t understand what the state of the ministry of culture was, i was
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the chairman of the all-russian royal television and radio broadcasting company, we already had a large office then, we carried out everything else , well, then it was called automation, now it’s called digitalization. there was a moscow computer center that made us better then, what could have been, from the point of view of communications, i had the internet in my office, it’s cruel to get better, the whole story was just beginning, and we were seriously working on it, mikhailevich lesin, there was a kingdom of communications, communication, we knew it all back then, when suddenly from such a phone you received a different phone, yes, but you received this such a telephone, and then a very small one, well, it was something incredible , i come to the ministry of culture, or rather my
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assistant, the television one, comes to the ministry of culture, enters the office, which means he speaks, and there is eric’s machine with this one big, big carriage, well, when i arrived, there was a computer, yeah, i tried the networks of the ministry of networks, there were no communication networks, yes, but this is a small detail, but it is very characteristic, we tried to live on television there, closer to the 21st century, but here everything was still going some kind of terrible mutual offsets, monstrous, something transgas, somewhere through
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... yes, with all this nonsense, so to speak, with horror, i realized that this was something completely transcendental, and i, when in i arrived in 2000, i realized that this was a colossal problem, you know, there was a very difficult moment there, years there was no money and the cultural institution said, guys, you are free, take it there, retake it, just survive, there was one idea, we must give credit to evgeniyevich sedorov and konstantin aleksandrovich cherbakov, who was his first deputy, there was one idea, to preserve everything that is possible preserve in the sphere of culture, and when they tell me now, there was book publishing, we were the most reading country, i always say the most read between the lines country, but if we look at , say... inventories, well, library funds there in 1992, then 3/4 - these were the classics of marxism, or there was the small land of lenitevich brezhny and there, i don’t know, tens of millions, yes, so
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the design itself was very strange, and of course, the main task was money, money, money, money, money, money, and - then it developed the idea of the program, the cultural revolution, in general...
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