[000:00:00;00] how much practice over all these years has made it possible to practically reflexively control the car, because everything happened instantly , you weren’t aware of what you were doing, your arms and legs moved on their own, so yes, these movements were already on a subconscious level, that is, everything, what was laid down in the simulator was in muscle memory, as you say, but this muscle memory has already worked, i called home, and of course i called, but not from my phone, i took the phone from georgy the co -pilot, because both my phones were scattered across i have them all over the cabin. i was able to find although they say that the landing should be soft on the corn, but nevertheless , the overload was so significant, all the loose objects, they were just, here’s the phone, i had them, right here next to each other, here are the feeders, i then somehow managed to get them find, called my wife, uh, said that now they will show it on tv, perhaps the most important thing, don’t worry, we sat in a field, everyone was alive and well, that’s the main thing, the first phrase was so that she wouldn’t get caught,

there was no talking at home , is it enough? well, my wife didn’t ask the question point blank, because it’s mine a dream since childhood, i’ve been working towards this for a long time, i had a very rocky path to aviation, it’s normal, i can’t live without it, aviation is very addictive without it, i’m already flying, now i’m flying, but after that incident i haven’t flown for a month , that is, i had a break of about a month, that is, there we literally had 10 days of rehabilitation, vacation, then i passed a medical examination by a psychologist . simulator and was allowed to fly with the command instructor staff, that is, i flew on the left, on the right sat the commanding instructors who checked morally professional qualities, that is, well, suddenly something broke in me, or maybe i got scared somewhere, or maybe something else happened, fortunately, that is, i passed these checks successfully and was already admitted to regular regular flights with the second pilots, you work for one airline all the time,

yes, how many planes are there now? no secret, no secret, 52 planes, everything is fine, everything is fine, yes, meaning the last case, the extreme case that happened quite recently, i don’t want to talk about it, just it should be mentioned that the guys also worked brilliantly, we need to understand why they made such a decision, but let the commission sort it out, but nevertheless, you also agree, everyone is alive and this is the most important result of what they did, everyone is alive and moreover that the plane is intact and there is a question about its preservation. someone said that they even wanted to wait for the field to become icy in order to roll it out on the ice, god willing, this is one of the options, getting it out of there, we hope that it will work out, but they were also incredibly lucky with the landing gears released onto the field, do not give god, a little bit of dirt, a little bit of mud, a little bit of a hole, everything would have been ruined, yes, that is, it was a perfect landing, again the miracle is that the novosibirsk region

is a taiga, a swamp, how they found this one... .. so the flat area is flat, that in general they practically landed with such an overload that some pilots even land on the runway harder than they landed on the field, imagine how softly they landed, but the cabin crew did a very smart job there, yes, they are generally great , of course, they worked very quickly, evacuated if on our flight the flight attendants encountered this after landing, then here is the merit... the cockpit and the pilots are not afraid either, yes, when you realize that you are about to land in a field, they already did this consciously, they were already specially looking for a site from the air, as you know, earlier on the an2 small aircraft there was an exercise in selecting a site from the air, that is, the crew flew, inspected the site from different courses, flew, watched and landed, well, he2, he plans, and even pararoutes, of course, he does all, whatever, but the guys, it was not in vain that they started talking about the cabin crew, because the girls

behaved out of... there was no panic, and they did not allow panic in the cabin, yes, i wanted to add that they did it consciously, the flight attendants, when they found out information that there was going to be an emergency landing outside the airfield, and i talked with the senior flight engineer, and she understood everything almost immediately and began preparing, and how to prepare her fellow mordrovians, so that they, too, would not be confused, would not be embarrassed, and work on preparing passengers. that is, it was necessary to transfer people from emergency places who might have become confused, not to open the inflatable slides, yes, that is, you know, there are emergency places, that is, they put more mobile people, more prepared, they gave instructions, they read all this, and the passengers were ready, instructed , yes, they put the men on the emergency exits, in order, firstly, to prevent panic , and secondly, to help, well done, just well done, but they still had more time, and judging by

the negotiations that i heard, i ... offered different variations several times and different altitude echelons were even offered, they made their decision, somehow consciously, but from the moment of the incident to the moment of landing, they had time to realize what was happening, not these 90 seconds, of course, yes, so the cabin the crew, of course, were simply heroic, the guys did a very honorable job, and most importantly, everyone is alive and well, i think that we still need to stop disturbing people, causing aerophobia, we need to talk endlessly about what happens, the crew will save me people also write on social networks how to overcome aerophobia, we are afraid to fly, i still say it like... short phrases, look , firstly, the planes are all reliable, the plane has many redundancy systems, which systems back up each other, and if there is a failure there is a second, third system,

yes, but in general the plane itself is a reliable technology, not a single technician will ever let a faulty plane fly, and we pilots are also incompetent, until the plane is ready, until it is fit for use, we of course will not fly on it, this first, the plane is reliable, second, the pilots and flight attendants... that is, we go through the thorny path of both theoretical training and simulator training, we are tested in flight conditions, so the planes are reliable, the pilots are professionals, so when entering the plane, i say, trust the crew, relax, enjoy the flight, we continue on the air of the first channel podcast everyone wants to fly, we are talking about emergency situations with a first class pilot, hero of russia, damir yusupov, all episodes of the podcast everyone wants to fly... you can always watch on 1tv.ru. and i also want to touch on one topic that has been discussed for quite a long time, and i am asked these questions and in general to everyone with whom i meet from the flight crew, everyone , as they say, goes through this question, why don’t

they land on autopilot, because you can land, turn on the autopilot, he does it himself he will land, fly onto the plane and turn off the engines himself, of course, with the development of aviation, the level of automation is increasing, and airfields are being built , and where... you can perform an automatic landing, well, automatic take-off is still, in my opinion, only tests are underway, yes, that is crews, as a rule, taxiing is carried out by the crew, take-off is carried out by the crew, after take-off, as a rule , the autopilot is turned on and before landing, that is , the autopilot controls, in order to relieve the crew, relieve the workload, in the autopilot, in an automatic landing we perform, as the rule in bad weather in fog, when it is simply impossible to perform it on your hands, is prohibited according to the document. there we already go by category, there must again be a special prepared airfield, which has the necessary equipment, there must be an airplane ready, that is, it must be ready, equipped with this landing system, so the plane must be in good working order in order to

perform this landing, but as a rule, in good weather it would be very boring if the pilot was landing on autopilot, we don’t fly much on our own now, so of course it’s more interesting to land the plane yourself, but anyway, besides this... we need to, as they say, save the crew, because someone says that soon we will have only one pilot in the cabin due to the economy mode, this is bad, because even two people on a long shoulder, at a distance of 9-12 hours of flight, the moment of communication, purely psychologically, relieves great pressure, and if one remains, yes, i agree, yes, there used to be multi-member crews. commander, co-pilot, navigator, flight engineer, flight technician, and then of course, the level of automation was lower, everything of course depended more on people, now instead of a flight engineer we have an on-board computer that monitors all systems, there are sensors,

you open there is an air bleed system, engines, fuel system, hydraulics and so on, that is, all this is visible in color, instead of a navigator we have a tamercial gps system, a navigation display that calculates all this, yes, that is, everything is practically entrusted to... two pilots, yes , the level of automation is high, but in the event of a failure, our load increases so much, yes, that is, we must know all this, know everything about these systems, know these failures and must be able to cope with them, and of course, when there is a multi-member crew, this is where the decision is made too, that is, there are a lot of people, there are some opinions, maybe they can consult there , but what if there is one person in the cabin, and how elementary he wants to go to the toilet or something, yes, for example, or ... there is such a thing as in english kroschek, we must check each other, we are people, we can make mistakes, no one is safe from mistakes, in flight, for example, if one pilot does something wrong, or maybe , well, a night flight, a night effect, the person didn’t get enough sleep or

something else, they do some things wrong, the second pilot carefully corrects him, well, that’s right, that’s why one is called the pilot, the second is the monitor, the second is the monitor, and even this happens, such mistakes happen, they are corrected in time, everything is fine, imagine, if a person is in some kind of situation, a complicated situation, bad weather or god forbid there is some kind of refusal, there could be such , you know, irreversible consequences, so i am against the idea of ​​having one pilot and, even more so, that in general... it would all be automatic, that is , i am against it, i think that before that it will come, an immodest question, perhaps, which was asked 100 times, when suddenly information came that you had been awarded a hero star, it was unexpected, and this was unexpected, it was the next day, not only that, i had not yet recovered from the fact, what happened yesterday, from this landing, yes, very much, i didn’t get enough sleep , i was very tired, and people started writing heroes, congratulations to the heroes, i couldn’t understand what it was that everyone started congratulating here at the same time. then they simply sent me a decree to award the award, it was very, of course

, unusual, very unexpected, because we all people of the soviet generation were brought up on the same cartoons, textbooks, films of the great patriotic war, and for me, a hero is the heroes of the great patriotic war, polar explorers, and for me, heroes of the soviet union or heroes of russia, these are so unattainable people , unattainable stars, that when i was awarded, i somehow... even felt awkward, that i was just saying that i was doing my job, i was doing my job, i was doing my job, the most important thing is that everyone is alive, the most important thing, the most important thing is, yes, thank you, vich, here you go in fact, what we talked about today, on the podcast everyone wants to fly, i’m three times older than him, without any attraction, without any embarrassment, just, thank you very much. for the passengers, thank you, very welcome,

all the best, see you next time, there was a podcast on the air, everyone wants to fly on channel one. hello, this is the schrödinger's cat podcast, and i'm the host of it. and we simply talk about complex scientific things, on the other hand we talk scientifically about very simple things, and today we will talk about seemingly such a simple thing like plastic, it’s everywhere in furniture, in bags, in packaging, everywhere, but is it safe, is it good, on the contrary, is it so scary, we have two guests, one guest

is an artist, julia che, hello, another guest of the crane academy, alexey remmovich khakhlov, head of the moscow state university department, a scientist who works, among other things, with polymers and knows well about plastic from the inside at the molecular level. hello, hello, and my first question is a little philosophical, plastic is good. that's good, polymer industry began to develop about 100 years ago, over these 100 years, the objects around us have changed beyond recognition, if before it was all mostly wood, well, some metals and so on, now almost most of the objects that we are surrounded by them, they are made of polymer, plastic or rubber, well, in general, these are also polymer products. and of course, modern life cannot

be imagined without plastic products, so this is good, but there is a threat from plastic, there is a threat, because the threat is associated with the fact that over these 100 years the polymer industry has developed so quickly that corresponding waste also arises, plastic, ordinary polyethylene, polypropylene, these are ordinary plastics, they decompose very ... slowly, so really garbage arises, even islands in the ocean, oh which many people say, and this is a really big problem, because there is pollution, including pollution of the water environment, and of course, this is a problem in this sense, and it needs to be addressed before i ask yulia’s question, i want to draw your attention to these art objects that you probably see on the screen right now , they were created by yulia che and are made from plastic

, which we, unfortunately, are used to throwing away, yulia, you create your works from plastic, how do you feel about plastic, it will help you it doesn’t seem somehow hostile, inanimate, no , of course, i adore plastic, it’s my favorite material, i adore it, it’s under my control, and for the last 6 years, i’ve been the one who’s been making it a priority to work with plastic. actually, since 2013, i have been closely involved in design for the principle of upcycling is reusing old things. initially, these were old jewelry, old clothes, even dishes that were already out of order, i created clothes, accessories, art objects from these things, and one day, accordingly, my photographer friend,

who is not indifferent to the problem, asked me, julia, you i wouldn’t like to make clothes and... clean them out of plastic, from used materials, from garbage, yes, it’s just that this word “garbage ” is a little scary for me, so i prefer plastic, she says, and we can subsequently, organize a shoot on the topic of ecology, so that the viewer would pay attention to the problem of sorting plastic waste, so i thought and decided, why not, from then... of course, i made clothes and accessories, we did more than one shoot, so in the process i realized, yes, this is such an interesting material that it is within my control, i just now get great pleasure, for me even my friends are already

interested, friends, girlfriends, some acquaintances are already collecting plastic as i accumulate it ...i now have a question for look, both of you, while i was walking, i found several plastic bags in my pocket, yeah, those classic ones, plastic, probably, yes, bags that industry produces in the millions, billions, well, i’ll put something in them, maybe i’ll buy something, put it in it or use it for garbage, and what will be their fate next, here’s alexey ramovich, what will happen to him with this bag? most likely this bag will end up in a landfill, what should the landfill do with it, nothing, it should be buried in the ground, so say, and it will gradually decompose, in principle, despite the fact that the decomposition time is very long, but

nevertheless it exists, it is, of course, well, it will gradually be crushed, become, these are the particles of polyethylene from which it is made this package. is becoming smaller and smaller, some of these particles will be washed out by groundwater into rivers and then into the ocean, this is true, but how many years will it take, these are hundreds of years, hundreds of years, that is, we have not yet realized, that is, since the polymer industry began develop for 100 years ago, we still haven’t realized the full scale of the problems, so to speak, that is , in 500 years this bag will end up in the quiet... from this bag, some will end up, well, in the quiet ocean, well , in some ocean, gradually throughout all the oceans it will spread, it is still possible to recycle it somehow, recycle it in order to reuse it, well, polyethylene

does not lend itself very well to such recycling, but let’s say polyethylene is reftholate, from which they make what bottles are called. this is quite recyclable, well it can be recycled ten times, which is why even in moscow there are special containers where these bottles can be stored, rephtholate polytape can be recycled, and there is no problem if i carry a bottle, or i need to tear off the label and wash it off glue, well , it is advisable, so to speak, to remove the lid, because the lid is made of polyethylene. and that is, these are different substances, yes, that is, that is why they collect the bottles separately and skin them separately , yes, but it is done there, even if you just throw it away, it will already be done at the factory where produce recycled polyethylene terephtholate, and this is a valuable raw material, because polyethylene terephtholate can be recycled many times, in general, in principle, the polymer is a valuable

energy raw material, among other things, so there are waste incineration plants that produce electricity as a result of... burning plastic garbage, and now there are catalysts that practically lead to the fact that the environment is not polluted, that is, in reality , look, the situation is this, the life cycle of a polymer material, any such that it is in will end up either in a landfill, or it will end up in a waste incineration plant, or , unfortunately, as it is... in many countries this is done, just a truck will dump all the garbage into the ocean, instead of carrying it to the landfill, it is from - because of this, such huge garbage islands arise in the ocean, all this recycling, waste sorting, it can only

delay a little, and then so to speak, in a limited quantity, the moment when the polymer ends up either in a landfill or in incinerator, or in the ocean, then yes, if i throw it into the fire, it won’t be very good, because there’s a lot of harmful emissions, even from a small bag, of course, of course, this must be done at... a special incineration plant, where there are special catalysts, and now there are garbage plants in russia they allow you to burn this bag, get energy and not pollute the air, yes, of course, well, we bought quite a lot of garbage plants in europe, in fact, there are places next to garbage plants, housing, it is more expensive, because electricity is cheaper, it is supplied by combustion garbage, this energy supplies the surrounding houses, then until recently, say, the scandinavian countries simply bought

plastic waste from russia, even so, yes, so, in principle, well, we have built waste incineration plants that work quite well, and not they throw nothing into the air, well, they throw it out, but a minimal amount, well, minimal is how dangerous, not dangerous, no, well, i’m telling you, here in the center of ve there is a waste incineration plant, well, no one is protesting, yulia, now to a question for you, look here, an ordinary white bag, i’ll rustle a little so that the audience can feel it, that’s the familiar sound, that inspires you as an artist to do something, of course it does, i can’t say right away that i see the bag in your hands, i know , what will i make out of it, no, i... the principle is completely different , i have several containers at home where i sort

, for example, one container means bottles, the second container means bags and the third container means toys , and when i have a moment, let’s say inspiration, i want to do something from what i have accumulated, i lay out these things, and in front of me i’m already looking at the bag, what it will go beautifully with with some... bottle there , yellow, blue there, black, gold there, then i even i don’t know what i will have anymore, but in the process of collaging , some kind of silhouette, some kind of object is born in me, in fact, i need all this and it comes in handy, that is, the package itself is not a symbol, rather in some context, right? yes, more like that. you are watching

the podcast schrödinger's cat and today we are talking about plastic, everything seems fine, you can get energy, which is always in short supply, you can recycle it, you can create such beautiful art objects, why are people so concerned about plastic, i read somewhere that they are even going to ban plastic bags, they have already banned it even somewhere - plastic toys, in general, the struggle is worse. global warming is starting, there really are problems, well, as for burning garbage - this is, so to speak, well, a small share, after all , the bulk of the garbage ends up in a landfill, and why is there a small share if this is not so harmful and beneficial, why should it be , it’s still expensive, the catalysts are expensive, so to speak, and so on, not so, and the factories themselves are expensive, few countries can afford it, so to speak, well-equipped landfills. well, everyone can afford it, but nevertheless , most of the countries, mainly in southeast asia, they just dump

polymer waste into the ocean and don’t care, of course, it’s cheaper than making a landfill, then you have to reclaim it this landfill, which means that on top of the already frozen a fertile layer has appeared in the landfill so that grass, trees can grow there, and so on, this, so to speak, requires costs. that’s why the problem with large waste, it is really important, and it really needs to be solved, but it needs to be solved not by banning the production of some kind of plastic there, reducing it, but by properly dealing with plastic after it has run out. its service life, that’s what sometimes now, let’s say, the european commission recently decided, they started with for some reason the main danger was, now in europe you cannot buy

an ear stick, an island that is made of... it is now made of thick cardboard, i can tell you that it is much less convenient, it breaks, naturally, and the benefit from this is very small, so just recently, the european commission adopted a new package, which means they banned the so-called intentionally added plastic, for some reason intentionally added plastic, from their point of view, this is mainly added to cosmetics there in women's glitter, for example, all the glitter is already, right now prohibited, plastic glitter, they say that now there was a very big boom in europe, because just a week ago they were banned, so before that, so to speak, all the glitter was swept away, so to speak, literally from the shelves,

you know, that means at the same time, i already forgot how much, but they want to achieve savings in about 12 years. well, it’s easy to calculate that, say, simply due to the wear of car tires, the annual, so to speak, formation of these microparticles of plastic is 6 million per year, but of course, no one can touch the automobile industry, so we decided. so in general, in principle, i thought that as far as plastic is concerned, this is really a very important problem, it needs to be solved mainly due to the fact that these uncontrolled discharges into the ocean should be somehow prohibited, and

as for microplastics, now there’s a horror story that’s popping up everywhere, microplastics, what a horror, i can tell you for sure that microplastics are harmful, it ’s completely unproven, it’s a polymer, it’s quite inert, and most importantly, people say that here we are evolutionarily not for this adapted because plastic began to develop only 100 years ago, let’s say, we lived with sand for millions of years and so on, but at the same time they forget that there is no such thing as pure plastic, when it gets into the aquatic environment, it gets stuck various surfactants, and when this plastic enters the body, the body develops an immune response not to the core of this particle, but to these surfactants to which it is already accustomed, so most likely all this, so to speak, will pass through the digestive system and will be released, and there are only isolated cases

when, say, these particles... through the emissions of some chemical, say, plant with harmful substances, and they were absorbed by these substances on plastic, then cooperatively released, say in the stomach of a fish, this is dangerous, indeed, but it needs to be investigated, so indiscriminately say that microplastics are harmful, that in no case should you take coffee to go, because, so to speak, it contains a huge amount of microplastics from the cup, so to speak , this will end up... in general, i can authoritatively say that this is all nonsense, these are all horror stories that do not yet have a scientific basis, well, that is, if i put bread or an apple in this bag, this bag will not emit anything harmful , of course it won’t emit anything

harmful, another thing is that waste sorting is good in germany... so to speak, i’ve been to germany many times, and so to speak, i’ve seen it all there from my own experience, so it’s necessary separate food, called biomul, from, so to speak, this type of garbage plastics, why, because food, it decomposes much faster, it’s not hundreds of years, but then, well, in a few months everything will already decompose, so this, so to speak, should go into the composter and, so to speak, decompose very quickly, so this is the separation of plastic. from food, it is justified, and of course it needs to be done, no, well, i mean, is it possible to eat bread after it has been sitting, just but you can eat bread, but if i eat a small piece of the bag, it won’t do anything, you can yes, another thing, it’s not tasty, but julia, the question is, are you afraid of plastic, well, many people advise, never store water in plastic bottles, because

plastic emits, then the list of substances is lethal, don’t put the fruit immediately to rot, so aren’t you afraid of plastic? no, i’m not afraid of plastic, the only thing is that i would heat something in a bag in the microwave, by the way, when heated, what happens in the microwave, for example, no, well, you just don’t need to put it in a plastic bag, because it can melt, but if you have special dishes for the microwave, you can safely heat them there, yulia, here’s the clothes from polymers, how do you feel, i see you ’re probably wearing synthetic shoes, something plastic on... and aren’t you afraid? no, i’m not afraid, i love plastic, i simply adore it, many other materials, including building materials, they are much more harmful than plastic, what

will happen to plastic? the chemical reason for this is long chains, plastic consists of long polymer chains, they are not volatile, that’s why ethylene from a plastic bag, yulia, after all, to you, i know that you have a whole manifesto about plastic as an object of art, if i'm not mistaken, my manifesto is simple, it sounds like this: there's no need to make garbage out of garbage, but at the same time , there shouldn't be many artists like me who make things out of plastic, why, well, imagine, let's say i there are 10 more of the same 20 in one city in another, they create such large installations and then exhibit them in the same art park, for example, the same as the museum, but in every city there is a park and more than one, and imagine, in one park 10

sculptures 20 from garbage, in another park the same, even more, more, more, already like that from the outside, every city will seem like some kind of dump, because even i, as an artist, when i participate in exhibitions, festivals, i do performances, and the viewer is divided into two opinions, those that, wow, this is so beautiful, this is so impressive, and those who say, well, garbage, it’s still garbage, why don’t we need it, we don’t like it, on the one hand, no matter how we don’t need to make garbage out of garbage, but my manifesto is also that i want... of course, from a positive, creative side, to show the viewer that there is a problem, it needs to be solved, of course, i am for zero waste, plastic

is a brilliant invention of mankind , the main thing is to learn how to properly dispose of it and recycle it correctly, then we will all be happy, but i have a question for aleksirivich, they often write it on the bags. assigned, this means that if i suddenly throw it into the forest, whether it’s a bag from the store, then in a month it will dissolve, or is this a bit of a deception? no, no, this is, of course , a little deception, usually, when they talk about biodegradable bags, there are, of course, completely, so to speak, from these natural polymers, but usually we are talking about the same plastic bags into which starch is added , that is, a biodegradable additive since starch is quickly... crushed to the state of microplastic, say, according to the international classification,

any object smaller than 5 mm in size is considered microplastic , well, i think that, so to speak, you won’t be very happy if your forest is littered with, well, some small particles of plastic, size... 5 mm, so it still pollutes the environment, but something else the thing is that sooner or later this polyethylene will also decompose, but it’s still better to take it all to a landfill, everything is equipped there, everything has the necessary modes so that in a controlled manner, so to speak, all this will gradually decompose, without causing damage to the environment. are you at risk of blindness? answer in blood test: which tomato is better, hot or cold? your child snores at night;

these are adenoids. the program to live healthy helps everyone. tomorrow on the first. sklif is a legend since the time of count sheremetyev. the modern successes of the institute are based on that the story he had, a human experiment, putting people at risk. the chief neurosurgeon of the russian federation compared the klifosovsky institute to an aircraft carrier, that is, it is a machine that is constantly in operation, which allows you to implement everything that has been done in science directly into clinical practice. we have the most experience in the world of treating multiple injuries, that is, when more than one posture is broken, there are several of them, anastasiologists, the magatovs, the world champion in bodybuilding, the germans twirled it they said take him to russia, i

’ve been to many such medical institutions. this is the humanity that specialists have, i have never met it anywhere, the doctors pulled me out of the other world, i thank them every time, they succeeded, i succeeded, we all succeeded, the skleifosovsky institute, the age of mercy of the prime minister, in sunday on the first, you are watching the schrödinger's cat podcast, and today we are talking about plastic, how dangerous it is, how beautiful it is. here in my hands, i’ll rustle them, is a plastic bag, which at the same time is a huge achievement of science, and a certain threat to nature and the environment. but is it possible to create a plastic that will simply turn into some elementary components in a foreseeable period

? polylactides have been created here in a year, in a month, for example, please, so to speak, they decompose very quickly, but they are more expensive, no economy can sustain it, of those polymers that you named, what are they already making from them? no, well, the bags are made from polytactide, but as they say, they are not so strong, but for example, in that project, which we recently completed, this property, the fact that polylactide quickly decomposes, was used so that, it means, there is copolycondensation of polylactide and, therefore, a monomer that contains boric acid, and if after that this bag is put in the field as fertilizers, then, since boric acid is a very good fertilizer for

a number of plants, a prolonged action is obtained, that is, many things can simply be used so that you say, slow decomposition, of course, if it lasts hundreds of years, this is not good, but if it’s been there for a year, then it can be used for, so to speak, prolongation, action, release of certain useful substances, well, it seems to me, the dream of any summer resident, your polylactides, collected polymer garbage, poured it out and harvested, i ’m afraid, that the summer resident will not be satisfied with the price of the package that he will receive, how much such a package would cost, well, this is orders of magnitude, this is orders of magnitude, that is, that is, 100 rubles, there is approximately, well, well, not 100 rubles, but 10 , yes, well, 10 rubles is already a bag, as you say a package of 100 sachets costs, well, how much does it cost, in my opinion 40 rubles, this type, one is 40 kopecks. yulia, would you buy such

a bag for 10 rubles if you knew that it does not harm the environment? probably not, of course not , these same sachets, that i need a lot of sachets of them, while i have a choice whether to buy cheaper or more expensive, i will of course buy cheaper, that is, we need to keep these polymers cheaper, or it ’s impossible, don’t , it must be correct. polymers after the end of their service life, nothing it will be, so to speak, if you carefully collect all the packages and take them to the dump, so i gave the example of germany , there is a huge amount of packages there, there any fiturka is small, it is the one you buy in the supermarket, it is wrapped, so to speak, in a package of polymer, well, it’s usually polyethylene

, which means it’s there, it’s been in place for quite a long time... such a system is that that’s all, if there’s a certain symbol on this package, then this garbage, it’s not thrown into a regular trash container, but the so-called gelbezak, so yellow, well, a big package, which, well, is delivered centrally to every household, once every 2 weeks, everyone takes out these hefty gelbizacks, which... so to speak, well , basically plastic packaging, they put it up the hill in front of the house, a car comes and they take it away, they take away their landfill, so say, well, at least, or to a waste incineration plant, but these companies that produce goods with polyethylene packaging, well, polymer packaging, they are responsible for proper disposal, this is their business, so to speak, they

pay the appropriate waste disposal companies, so that they do everything correctly, that’s all, this also needs to be done , that is, a huge amount, i see here... even in this artillery, just typical items that would go to gelbezak, it’s just necessary that - the companies , so to speak, would take care of the garbage that their products produce and would properly negotiate with the relevant waste companies in order to dispose of them correctly, that’s all, in moscow , for example, you manage to dispose of them correctly, in moscow there is no such system, v in moscow there are... containers where everything is put, and as a rule, there is no sorting there, even i noticed that when there is sorting, they say that this is secondary raw materials, and this is general garbage, well, somehow no one, i’m trying

, here in the appropriate bins, where the secondary waste is, everything is there, glass bottles, and some, plastic garbage and something else, well, in russia after all. there are some sorting methods, there are, there are, but in fact, this is done, so to speak, further on, but this is not transferred to those who throws out garbage, and this is already done by those who recycle garbage, of course, they sort, how to motivate people to sort garbage, you still need one bag for bottles, one for paper, one for food waste, one where it is mixed, probably a person gets used to it very quickly, very quickly, so to speak, if you do it, if you do something like this, then everyone does it, if you don’t do it, it’s somehow, well , you become some kind of, well, inferior member of society, one or two weeks and you get used to it, there’s nothing complicated about it. yul,

do you sort garbage? i use almost all my garbage for work, but i want to note that i still live in the city of voronezh, so... we put a tank for plastic bottles next to the regular bins and of course it filled up within a day, there wasn’t even room anymore, but then they took it away, as if people had gotten used to it at first, they began to put it there, and i also did what was not needed, so when it was removed, such discomfort already arose, what to do, where to carry it, so i try to make the most of it in creation. theirs, well, probably friends, instead of taking them for recycling, they bring plastic to you, yes, alexey ramovich, and you mentioned the harm from cars, you mean tires that wear out, yes, well, of course, tires wear out, so to speak, we all know, so to speak, that they cannot be used

indefinitely, this all remains on the asphalt, it rained, it was all washed away and yes, and so on and so on, another thing is that i wouldn’t, i already said, this is 6 million tons per year in the world in the form of microplastics, well, ultimately into the ocean, but you know, i wouldn't demonize these microplastics, but no one has proven that it is so harmful, for some reason in the context of tires i remembered the story about these same swans, because there was also a problem with the disposal of old tires. and people came up with the idea of ​​making a poor, perhaps, but mass art object out of it, carving swans , do you generally consider this an art object, here is a swan in the country carved from this tire, so classic, i think, but more like a dubious kind of

art, but i know such a practice, what