[000:00:00;00] company with some barracks humor, but always with hope for the best, we travel, morocco , jordan, greece, spain, mongolia, i emphasize that it is always a pleasure for me to meet you, because here is an intelligent person, as i say, he never , doesn’t speak to his family, no matter how much time dima and i spend together, it’s always positive, always, even if it’s some kind of sad event, we discuss it together, we always find some kind of bright way out in it, that’s probably why music is with us helps you solve any

questions, it’s always absolutely mutual, but if i want to say that if you find yourself in a company with you, it’s always a fun, kind, smart, interesting , educational, musical evening, so lenna and i always really love it when you’re with with a little sign together and next to us, when we part, we know that this will not be for long, as a finale for me a melody to a friend until tomorrow, so that we set our tv viewers up for a positive morning of a new day, dmitry malikov. see you tomorrow, don’t say farewell words, see you tomorrow, the lanterns are shining tiredly,

it’s time for you to go home a long time ago, it’s dark outside, but i’m all the same, nothing can be done, look into my eyes, look into my eyes , thank you, friends, see you tomorrow, dear friends, this is the podcast melodies of my life, today we learned together about the melodies that accompany the life of dmitry malikov, people's artist of russia, dmitrivich, thank you so much, you visited us, good luck to you. hello friends, this is the podcast life of the wonderful with you, me, its host, writer, alexey varlamov, and today we will talk about the most mysterious, the most unread russian writer of the 10th century, about

alexander greene. you all remember the wonderful story of al and parus, this touching story about a girl who believed in a dream and was awarded for her faith, but in fact al and parus is, from my point of view, far from the best, not the deepest, not the most interesting work of alexander greene, although paradoxically it overshadowed everything else that he wrote, this is terrible, unfair, but in the history of literature such cases happen, today about the fate... of alexander greene on his work, let's try to talk a little. at the very end of his life, alexander stepanovich wrote a story, which he called very simply, it is called an autobiographical story , in fact, it is such a confession, it is a kind of repentance, an attempt to answer the question for himself for his readers: why nothing came of me, why i didn’t live my life at all the way i wanted, why did i become

a loser. it’s curious that other people considered himself a loser, mikhail bulgakov considered him, but if in bulgakovsky case, the cause of all troubles, mikhail afanasyevich considered his literary enemies, enemies, envious people, critics, then if we read alexander green, we will see that he gives a very simple answer to this question, it’s all my fault, so i’m right he was right or wrong in this harsh judgment against himself. what do we even know about this writer? in 1880 in vyatka, in the family of a polish revolutionary who was exiled in siberia, and then married a russian woman and moved from siberia to vyatka, a boy was born, who was named alexander, he was raised extremely poorly, green devotes quite a lot of attention in his story to how he was raised, this is, if you like, such

an anti-education novel, there was no consistency... he was either beaten or praised for nothing, he was not taught neither to work nor to study, in general, he grew up such a worthless person, absolutely incapable of anything, but also... he had this peculiarity, since childhood he loved to write poems, and one day he composed poems addressed to his to the teachers at the gymnasium where he studied, they were so satirically offensive poems, these poems were read by the school authorities, they were terribly indignant and green was kicked out of the gymnasium, by the way, then in a sense he was already green, because this pseudonym, as it were, is a truncation of the name grinevskaya, all this appeared at school , where his friends called him green damn it, which means that after he was kicked out of the gymnasium, he entered a real school, where his education was a little weaker, he graduated with a shame, at that time a misfortune happened in the family, green’s mother died, his father got married

second time and stepmother, pasonko frankly not fell in love with him, and actually kicked him out of the house, and so a fifteen-year-old boy ends up, well, not on the street , they rented him some kind of housing there in vyatka, they even still show the house where green lived, but nevertheless the boy... was left to his own devices and grew up with the dream that he would leave, break out of this world that disgusted him and go south, he dreamed of the sea, he dreamed of traveling, he read such romantic books and at 17 years old in hunting boots, as he himself later recalled, in a mexican sambrera hat, he’s such a narrow-chested, pure-hearted guy, and a teenager comes to odessa to get hired on a steamship, no one wants... to take him, in the end they took pity on him, took the yungai on some coasting vessel, and now let’s remember small sails. in the scarlet ruses, captain gray, arthur gray, and of course he was not born in such a simple family, he is from a family of aristocrats, but nevertheless he also runs away from home,

he also dreams of the sea, he also joins a ship as a cabin boy and endures all sorts of ridicule from the sailors, undergoes all sorts of difficulties, but gray is courageous, persistent, purposeful young man. who in the end overcomes all his obstacles, the captain pays attention to him, begins to teach him the wisdom of the sea, and gray realizes his dream, yes, becomes the captain, the owner of a wonderful sailing ship. with green, everything happened exactly the opposite; after the first difficulties, he gave up, he was kicked out of his place of service in disgrace, and he went to osvoyas, to his home. but let us note that here you can see the mechanism of green’s future creativity, everything that did not work out for him in life, everything his unrealized dreams, all his actions, he gave as his hero, it’s really very interesting, it didn’t work out in life, then

it will work out in literature, and you can see such examples in life in greene’s work, and there are quite a lot, for example, greene has a lot widowed fathers, remember, although the ball is on, but the widowed fathers alexander green will never marry a second time, but this is so by the way, and so he returns to vyatka, an absolutely useless young man, in general, he does not understand what he should do , he does not want to study, he is not suitable for any profession and in the end he ends up in bad company, which begins to steal; together with his friends, they stole a gold chain from a local dentist in vyatka. it’s interesting that many years later green will write a wonderful novel, just a super novel, but if ala and sails is such a fairy tale for girls, then the novel that green will write will be called the golden chain, and this, if you want, ala and sails for boys , such

a wonderful story of a teenager growing up, overcoming difficulties, but what is curious here is that the plot of this story is based on the case of how a certain sailor accidentally dug up a huge gold chain in the sand, and thanks to this chain he became incredibly rich, that is, a small... chain stolen together with his friends from the dentist later turned into a huge gold chain in green’s fantasies, this is how alexander green wrote, this is how he lived, this is how alexander green worked, but that will all be ahead, for now he will still have to reach this literary work of his, swim to this shore, and the sea of ​​life to in his arms degrees unfairly, the waves hit him from all sides, here begins, perhaps, the most interesting, the most dramatic, the most paradoxical period of his life, essays picked it up. that is, this is russia, which is like this, russia of pre-revolutionary times, there are already various political parties, and of course, the serov party is the largest party, the bolsheviks are still in their infancy, and the soviet socialist republic is already active in russia and green

was offered to deal with revolutionary propaganda, which he began to do with success, here it turns out that this worthless young man, good for nothing, has an incredibly clever tongue and can be very convincing. all sorts of revolutionary propaganda things, ironically, rather, it’s not even an irony of fate, but a wise plan of the party leadership, he was sent to the city of sevastopol on... the navy among the sailors of the black sea fleet, greene begins to tell them all sorts of tales about the horrors of the tsarist regime, except besides, apparently, this is his unrealized love for the sea, for the profession of a sailor, so all this filled with such conviction that the sailors listened to him with their mouths open, and he was, in general, such a very nice and wonderful propagandist, but this fairy tale did not last very long, because in the end he

was captured by the police. and there is also a very interesting plot twist here: on the day when green was captured by the police, he had a very good intuition, so he felt that he did not need to go on this mission today, but there was a woman, in fact, it was this woman was the main reason why grind was so ardently engaged in revolutionary propaganda, he loved this girl very much, she was also a revolutionary, this wonderful girl’s name was ekaterina bibergalal, and her father was just... a narodnaya volya member, one of those who raised the red banner in st. petersburg in the sixties years of the 10th century, bibergal was captured, convicted, sent to penal servitude, to nerchensk, right there in nerchinsk, his daughter katya was born, who was raised as a revolutionary from childhood, it was she and alexander green who were engaged in this very revolutionary propaganda in sevastopol, it was with her that green was incredibly in love, so when he said that i... won’t go today, she, as they say, took him weakly,

he was ashamed to show his cowardice, but he was really captured, and then it began investigation and imagine the portrait that emerged before the investigator, a man who deserted from the army, was engaged in revolutionary propaganda among military sailors, in fact, green was threatened with hanging, the first russian revolution saved him from the death penalty, those changes in legislation, the softening of laws that occurred as a result of the revolution, so he was tried, but the punishment turned out to be not so severe, green ended up in prison and from this prison he tried to escape twice with the help of katya, but since he was a man who did not know how to do anything , then at the right moment he could not climb over the wall, in general, he remained in this very prison and sat there for the 2 years that were assigned to him, and when he left this prison, he was forbidden to go to

the capitals, to moscow, to st. petersburg but he breaks this ban goes to st. petersburg, because katya lives in st. petersburg, when they meet in st. petersburg there at some kind of underground safe house, green tells katya that he is fed up with the revolution and he invites her to take the party cash register and run to the island tahiti, green adored katya, katya adored the revolution, so she didn’t want to run away with green, and it was no coincidence that alexander stepanovich later called himself a wild mustang. in fact , he was a man of furious passions, he was a very furious man. and he grabbed in anger the revolver he had and shot katya. the bullet did not hit any vital organ, there was just a lot of blood, but after that green did not meet with katya again. the social revolutionaries kicked him out, and from that moment green began to engage in literary work.

a taste for which he just got - working for the social revolutionaries, since he not only told all these beautiful fairy tales to sailors, but also wrote some leaflets, yes, that is, he is the future author of ally sails, the future author of wonderful gothic stories and novels came to russian literature from this side. this is the podcast life of the wonderful, with you i, its host alexey varlamov, and we are talking about alexander green. the first book he wrote was called the invisible cap, it was dedicated to esram, it was published in 1907 or 1908, it’s a terribly offensive that it wasn’t really read then, and it’s not really read now, he’s writing a second book, too a realistic book, very dark, in the spirit of leonid andreev, in the spirit of kuprin, in in the spirit, perhaps of early gorky, who, by the way, everyone read him, everyone knew him, to one

degree or another. they helped him, although they treated him a little arrogantly, this is green’s special situation, he was never considered a major serious writer, and of course, this depressed him, but you know, he once said the following phrase about himself: “i am a writer of the tenth rank there,” but in this series there is no one else besides me, and this is absolutely true if we take the literary situation of the silver age, where we had symbolists. anyone, then there were many different isms, then green will still keep himself apart , this is his position in russian literature both before the revolution and after the revolution, makes this man, of course, unique, he was an incredible worker, and he was really a seeker , having seen that his first two books were written in a realistic manner, and these are very good books , i repeat, it’s terribly disappointing that they went generally unnoticed, it was then that green

came up with this very country of his , greenland, it was then in his third in the book he begins to compose stories... he begins to invent characters with foreign names, the action of these stories takes place in an unclear place, in which countries it is not clear, but obviously in some southern fictional countries, later criticism will call this greenland country, but the country of greenland. it must be said that when these stories were first published, many people suspected green that he had not written these stories himself, but that he had stolen them. in general, this plot here seems to involve plagiarism, with stolen stories, novels, it seems to be such an eternal plot in literature, but in the case of green, there was such a story, which means that supposedly green killed some english captain, stole a chest from him with his stories, began

publishing under his own name, everything this is, of course, complete nonsense, but nevertheless there is no smoke without fire, even if not the english captain, but he shot at his beloved, and at that time... i must say, soon after he broke up with katya, when he began to work writer and write his first books, in his another woman entered life, she was the complete opposite of green, and she entered because he was again sent to prison, which means this time he was sent to prison because he lived without a passport, because he lived in st. petersburg, where he it was impossible to live, but a girl came to see him on a date, her name was abramova, she was 24 years old, she later wrote in... her memoirs that when she came to alexander green’s cell, the first thing he did was this man, he rushed to her and kissed her on the lips, it was the first kiss in my life, modestly , she continues, so he made a huge impression on her, later, when green was once again convicted and

sent into exile in siberia, he still managed to escape from this exile, this is perhaps the only case when he managed to escape, and he ran to this very faith, said: that he ran for her sake , they soon began to live together, they soon got married, this was alexander green’s first wife, she was completely different from katya bibergalal, she absolutely did not like the revolution, she loved a quiet life, but with green she didn’t have any kind of quiet life, this whole plot was later included in the wonderful story of alexander green, which i advise everyone to read, a story called 100 miles along the river, where green describes his story like this allegorically ...crimes, punishments, the history of his youth, but this is how he lived, this is how he worked in the pre-revolutionary years, published books that were not a fantastic success, no, of course, against the backdrop

of gorky, kuprin, anid andreev, there alexei tolstov, green was not such a prominent figure, but he was a writer with his own voice, he was a writer with his own nation, and , as it were, with his own literary land, with his own literary island surrounded on all sides by seas, but this there was the island of alexander greene, which was inhabited by characters similar to nothing and no one, a foreigner of russian literature, as critics of the silver age called him, and then the year begins, the revolution comes, and greene’s attitude towards the revolution in general was negative. in his prose, this disgust for politics , for any government activity in general, it is felt very acutely, well, look at stories like the tragedy of the suan plateau, green’s absolutely wonderful story, it seems like, again, somewhere in there, somewhere incomprehensible

the action takes place in africa, but of course the story has the most direct relation to the russian revolutionary situation at the beginning of the 20th century, so when it happens... the green revolution does not perceive it, but another thing is that there are no he didn’t have any warm feelings towards the monarchy in relation to the old government either, but green’s position was that there was a plague on both your houses, and in general he didn’t like public life, party life, he loved the life of individuals, he loved the life of individuals, and he loved the life of people who believed in a dream, and actually in the alai parsis, of course... we can feel this very well, but then it turned out to be even more difficult in his life, but maxim helped him a lot bitter, bitter, which really had a weakness... for such vagabonds, for such anarchists , gorky, who generally appreciated the talent of alexander greene, and gorky, in fact, he

did a great thing for russian literature, for russian culture, because in these first post-revolutionary years in hungry petrograd, gorky organized the so-called house of arts, in fact, it was such a large writers' hotel, where russian writers, writers could get a room, food stamps, perhaps... actually, this is exactly what green took advantage of and there in this very house of arts he writes the fairy tale of ali irusaria, as he defined the genre of this work; subsequently , many soviet critics tried to interpret it as such an allusion to the revolution and present the color of the sails as the color of a revolutionary dream. actually to the point. as it seems to me, this has nothing to do with it, in fact, greene of this period is a sociopathic writer

who talks about the idea of ​​escaping reality, because if you think about the meaning of alsov, then this is a story about how not to to live, in fact, yes, because here is a girl who conflicts with those around her, and that’s right, and continue to conflict, and there is no need to establish relationships with people, so believe in your dream, then? if you remember, in this story there appears such a storyteller, the drunkard egle, in whom one can assume that green encrypted himself, and who tells this girl, remember, she went there to sell a toy yacht with salami sails, let her sailor and egleta go, which means he caught the yacht, and he tells her that many years will pass, a huge ship with scarlet pruss, there will be a prince, and the girl believes in this dream and lives with this dream, and

absolutely does not want to live in... with this moral rule of his and with his plan that the dream must be made with your own hands, but it’s like the meaning of life is that some people believe in a dream, and other people seem to build and implement this dream, and then such a happy union of both happens, but several years after death... andrei platonov, in my opinion the deepest, we remember, scarlet sails end with assol and gray float away, unknown where, they float away from people , float away to some other world, the people are in coperne, this evil, cruel people who did not like asol, who poisoned asol, so he remains on the shore, but for platonov this is impossible, for platonov the most important thing in life, in literature, everywhere, is the people, these are the people , and as if the writer should be with the people, but for green, in fact, this is not the people, it is the crowd,

the crowd that does not wants to love to understand people of a different type, green is such a principled finder, green really personal and individualist, in scarlet sails this is not even felt so acutely, probably, although it is certainly felt, but even more so, this is green’s worldview... this is green’s rejection of any social system, because this is the image of such a performance there in the circus or in the theater flying people, all this will first appear in alexander greene, and bulgakov will read it carefully. and the brilliant world is truly one of the peaks of russian prose of the twenties, it brought success to green, it’s interesting that i’m talking to one side.

century, on the other hand, paradoxically, greene is one of the most, well, so to speak, published russian writers of the century, because, in principle, everything that he wrote in the twenties, everything that he wrote in soviet times, was published, in soviet times, green was indeed an extremely popular writer, because people who were tired of the revolution, tired of the unrest, of the civil war, of violence, of lies, these people wanted rest, those fairy tales, those stories, those stories , which showed, which invented, which green composed for them, there was something comforting in them, maybe in a brilliant world this is not felt so acutely, although in this novel there is another very important thing connected with creativity, with alexander’s worldview: the main character is a flying man, a man

, which can fly, that’s why it was very important for green, here we need to go back a little, st. petersburg - in 1910 , the so-called aviation week took place at the kolomyazh hippodrome, people gathered, the whole of st. petersburg came, they sat in the trees there, and for in order to see how planes would take off, that is, for our grandmothers, grandfathers, great-grandmothers, great-grandfathers, it was the greatest event, because this is the dream, the first airplanes appeared, and here is the age-old dream of people that people will be able to fly , will be able to take off from the ground, rise into the sky, these first planes, still clumsy , so funny and strange, they took off, and the public was in absolute ecstasy, the pilots were the heroes of those days, by the way for many writers, it was an event, kuprin described a flying man, leonid andreev described, komensky vasily described, it really was such an important story, everyone rejoiced, everyone rejoiced except one person, the only person who was at the kolomezh

hippodrome and who hated these flying... all the machines, it was ours hero alexander green. why? because from his point of view, aviation is a vulgarization of the great human dream that a person can and should fly on his own. this is really very important. grinn didn’t like him at all, didn’t recognize him like that the course of development of human civilization. he was a principled opponent of science, technology, achievements, and development. that's why. with their engines, with their chimneys, from which puffs of black smoke erupt, he was such a person, focused on the past and he hated all of this, he has an absolutely amazing story called mermaids of the air, in this story, it means that there are some just like there are mermaids in the water , there are also mermaids in the air, these mermaids attack these pilots, which means these planes,

destroy them, drown them as if in the air, and sympathy green, of course, is on the side of the mermaids, of course, in the novel there is a brilliant world, this is all also a rejection of science and technology, it is very felt, and the main character, a man who can fly on his own, and this scene at the kolomyazh hippodrome is described there, a girl is described, the only girl in this crowd, who believes that the hero is about to take off, will take off not because he has a plane with these engines that crackle, make noise and spew smoke, but because he has some kind of device, which will fly from the melodic ringing of thousands bells, no one believes, everyone laughs at him, and he takes off, only one girl believed, very similar to scarlet and sails, and this girl receives a reward, and the hero takes her with him, too, in some kind of heavenly, heavenly place the world, and another example of such a rejection

of science and technology by green, he really didn’t like cars, he didn’t like them at all. a story called a car, by the way, note that the gray car is like the antonym of alrus, in the mid-twenties green’s life was quite harmonious, he then moved from petrograd to crimea , so crimea itself became the main place of stay and residence of alexander stepanovich, but he really never had his own home, he rented a place, but this is the museum. alexander green, which today is in feodosia, is wonderful, that museum that is in the old crimea, where he moved in the late twenties, and such very important points of his existence, it was such a rather fruitful, in its own way, quiet period of his life, and then misfortunes began, then in the late twenties, when the overall atmosphere in the country became harsher, the glaring

discrepancy between alexander greene and this, as it were, became more and more obvious. development vector. grinn did not fit into this soviet life, probably, this is especially acutely felt in his last novel, in my opinion his best novel, which i very much advise everyone to read, in a novel called the road to nowhere, and this is a very bitter story of a man, which he had a lot in childhood, was given a lot in his youth, a lot of things he wanted from life get, in the end all his dreams are broken. here, perhaps, is green, this is, as it were, that spirit of pride, which was undoubtedly characteristic of him in previous years, here, as it were, he is being questioned, here, as it were, he is crumbling, and green begins to change, in general, it is very interesting, how this human being, towards the end of his life, seems to be moving more and more towards humility, in general, the end

of green’s life is the end of the life of a christian who repents, who... is contemplating, who goes to church, dies, having received communion and forgiving all my enemies. and it must be said that the last years of green’s life were terribly difficult, because they stopped publishing him, i say, he no longer corresponded to the vienna, the era, and he was little published, he received few fees, he was actually in poverty, he was in poverty in his crimea, to in addition, he became seriously ill, and in 1932 he died in the old crimea , the priest who confessed him before his death later said that when he asked green, have you reconciled with your enemies, i am indifferent to them, this is an amazing answer, this ... of course it was characteristic only of our hero, and this characterizes him to the highest degree. another very important and very offensive thing in the fate of alexander greene is this man who described his travels so much,

who described so many different worlds and very different countries. in fact , he saw almost nothing in his life, he really didn’t go to many places, that’s how the geography of alexander green’s life is, it’s quite stingy, at the end of his life. and he really dreamed of receiving the nobel prize, and he told his wife, he already had the third wife, nina nikolaevna green, who is actually dedicated to the story of alla and sails, such an amazing woman who later kept the memory of her husband, she later recalled what he told her, ninochka, just imagine, we will receive the nobel prize, we will hire a yacht and travel around the world, but he really wanted to see the world, so... the countries that he invented, that he described, if you think about how much publishing houses profited from the works of alexander greene, what

crazy circulations his books came out in soviet times, and in the sixties it was almost the third in terms of number of circulations, because then it was wildly popular, now its popularity has subsided a little, how many films were staged there, if only there was some kind of time machine and it would be possible miraculously transfer this money to him... so that at least he could breathe something, see, look, uh, this man’s fate was terribly unfair, but wonderful in its own way, so i personally feel great gratitude to him for his books, his deep, smart and honest books , which i managed to talk about just a little, but i just want to mention his wonderful absolutely stories, in addition to novels, stories, he was an excellent storyteller, a born storyteller, and just read the story of korsalov, for example, this is one of the peaks of russian prose of the 10th century, such an amazingly deep gothic story, built as if at the crossroads of the real and the fictional, the story of which

takes place in hungry petrograd after the revolution, this is this fiction, this these rats that exist in the mysterious house through which the hero wanders, this sur grinovsky, he is absolutely not... he cannot be translated, i don’t know, or the story of the fondang, this is also such an absolutely wonderful, stunning work of alexander stepanovich, who explains a lot in his inner world, but i would like to end with this, alexander green has a novel that he wrote in the late twenties, this novel is called dzhe and margiana, it is the story of two sisters, one of these sisters. the other is not, one of these sisters is kind, the other is evil, i usually ask my students at the institute, what do you think, which sister is which, well, most often they say that the kind one is ugly, and the evil one is beautiful, but this

would be the case with any writer, just not greene, greene has both kindness and beautiful, and evil, terrible, here is a very interesting novel, there is a very interesting conflict, there is such a contradiction, between good and evil, between beauty and ugliness, glin in general really loved painting, that’s how... of all types of arts, painting was for he is extremely important, in this novel his name was jesse, naturally, margyana is evil and ugly, jessie is a kind and beautiful girl , so jessie one day in one house sees a picture depicting lady godiva, yes, we all , of course, remember this medieval story about an english lady, but the wife of such a stern ruler, not i remember what city it was in. who demanded all sorts of unimaginable taxes from his subjects and they prayed and began to beg lady gadiva to somehow influence her husband, she asked him to be more merciful to

them, and the husband was so cruel, he burst out laughing said that i will fulfill your wish, i will fulfill your request, if you are legged, yes , undressed, and you walk or ride a horse through the whole city, but in this picture, as greene writes, just from... which naked, sitting astride a horse, her hair covers her nakedness, there is a person in front, which means a man leading a horse with his head down... all the shutters are naturally closed, no one is looking at this very lady, chaste residents of the city, here behaved in this way, and as jesse reflects, looking at this picture, that this is very an unfair picture, because after all, there is a viewer, in this city there were , well, 2-3 people, how many spectators looked at this picture, and then jesse argues that i would have painted this picture

differently, i would have depicted a dark room, in this dark... room there are sad people sitting, who are terribly ashamed, terribly bitter, all the shutters are really tightly closed, they lower their heads, one of them speaks, not a word about it, they hear the sound of hooves on the pavement, only through the shutter a pale ray of light breaks through, this is godiva, this is alexander green. it was a podcast about the life of the remarkable, it was hosted by me, alexey varlamov, the rector of the literary institute, and we talked about alexander green. hello, my name is dmitry bak, i am the host of a literary podcast with a wonderful name, even if not.

they say, let them read, well, there is some kind of order, instruction, imperative, and there is no way to do without it, because the time is such that the visual element competes for our free time, music, the internet competes, and so on and so forth, but still... it is still necessary to count, therefore, this pathos of the order is always with us, like it is in chekhov’s seagull, remember, this exclamation: people, lions, eagles, partridges, to people, lions, eagles, partridges, to all... creatures, we address this call, read , read with pleasure, today i address this call to you, dear interlocutors on the other side of the screen, together with my guest today, this is the writer, translator, editor-in-chief of the journal foreign literature, alexander yakovlevich levvergant. hello, alexander yakovlevich. good evening. you

follow the section in our podcast. apart from the fact that this literary translation has to be changed every now and then, then with classes in roggu, where i have been for more than 30 years, it’s scary to say, i teach there at the russian state humanitarian university, where alexander yakolev. what courses does he teach? well, i have a course in literary translation, and there are courses on foreign literature of different times, american literature after 1945, english victorian literature and a course of lectures, which is solemnly called, poetics and genres of foreign literature, yeah , that is, this is a special course, what is it called , well, sort of, yes, for university courses, kind of yes, then you have to change the literary

translation with a foreign magazine. literature, although in general there is no smell of treason here, because well , that’s what magazines do, but it’s a magazine, it doesn’t publish just me, it publishes a lot of people, that is, this is not a writer’s diary, and not a translator’s diary, and here i already have to be not so much an author as an editor, so... for almost 15 years now , literature has had to be changed. in 2011 i published my first book, completely unaware that i could, am ready and love to write in a series , but i really liked it , we’ll talk about it later, well, let’s try to start over, it happens often, i’m very

interested, how do people come to their main occupation ? but i really remember, in our school, not the most sophisticated school, the german language was given to us to translate small texts. your main language was german at school, german , yes, german, i had german, it was very weak at this school, then i even had to study with a teacher, german, we were given small... texts and i came across a text about oil production, great , small text, 4-5 lines, such a production theme, yes, i remember, something like this, something like that, but actually, it wasn’t me who got the text

, it was our entire class, our entire group, and i was amazed that everyone handed in their translation, but i continued to sit and swap words. apparently i was like something, what class was it, well, i don’t know, i think it was some seventh or eighth grade, that’s because i somehow liked it, then after some time i translated the play, without any chance of publishing it, from german , no, it was already english, it was already english, and it had already been passed way 5 years of university, you don’t have a published translation from german.

nobel laureate harald pinterer, a wonderful playwright, and i was not at all aware of the fact that it was not possible to stage or publish pinter in the early seventies, well, at the university it was just at the university i probably didn’t translate anything, and then in general except for military translators, there was no training at all to be translators, no, well, we had language classes quite, quite, maybe at the maristorez institute, there this was the current linguistics, by the way they taught the language much better there, just like at the institute of international relations, at the university they taught the language here, at least in general it’s pretty average, yeah, so i translated this song from my legends, akhmanova was there, yes , akhmanova was there, but akhmanova did not teach. directly, she did not enter the audience, of course, so i translated this play, and imagine, it was staged , however, it was staged 40 years later, in what year did you translate it, precisely at the

mossovet theater, it was, it was in seventy the third year, i put pintera as a guard, it was yes, although he was somewhere there in some basement, in some closet, he was playing there, fortunately, fortunately pinter does not require luxurious costumes, scenery, and so on further, uh, well, somehow it all started with this, and then it had to be interrupted forever, because i was invited in 1980 to a very, as they say now, prestigious literary seminar, where the famous maria fedovna loriet was at the head, and there were wonderful translators, elena suritsats, larisa bespalova, that’s all classics elena suritsa. volodya kharitonov, and so on, and they gave me a short story there, i translated this short story, it seemed to me, and it was an english writer, modern at that time, angos wilson.

i translated this story, changed the title of this story in russian, that is, in english it was called in one way, i don’t remember what, mavrovsky, i called it differently, and it seemed to me that i translated it very smartly, and was completely destroyed during the analysis of this story, that is, there laurie herself taught there larie herself, so to speak, she was a conductor, everyone else beat me directly and in general, so to speak, it was , you know, what was called a ban on the profession, i took it that way, and then, when i what was the main complaint, because we have complaints there were a lot, basically the complaint was that i translate... not exactly, that i don’t translate as well, as here, that’s how the author wrote it, that’s how they translated it, well, let’s tell our interlocutors that, in fact, the russian school of translation has two traditions, one calls for literalness, at least closer to the text, and the other is further away from the text

, and the other calls, forget that word and come up with an equivalent, yes, if you translate and everything is bad, if you translate close to the text, then you simply cannot be read, but if you translate far from the text, then it is your text, not the text. absolutely brilliant texts, but people are still debating whether it’s shakespeare, they’re especially debating a whole great gag, just like that, it means that in 1980 the translator’s path should have been interrupted, but no, after that, it means i began to translate little by little, i stood up on my feet after this beating, i began to translate, in general, as a result, i somehow got involved and translated quite a lot of things and... and most of all, i translated most successfully in the nineties already in the nineties, when the fact is that in the seventies

, the eighties, young translators... were not trusted, but it was simply such a hierarchical structure where strength was not allowed, but the editor, generally speaking, did not want to bother with beginner weak translations, so they could give me a story, they could give me two stories it’s always surprising how dentists become masters, they not only pull the teeth of mannequins, so i mean, through these... some stories gradually began to grow into stories and novels. and then two directions arose in my translation activity, which are most interesting to me, which it seems to me turns out better than everything else, this is the translation of nonfiction, that is, non-fiction, essays, journalism, letters, all of this, absolutely...

.recently i published in the publishing house time a book called national prejudice, these are letters, diaries, essays, journalism, documentary prose in english literature over the last 500 years, yes, this is wonderful, here i am, i published all this much earlier, at different times, but here this came out basically this is a collection of your previous works, yes, there was such a series here, foreign progress. i had translations, by the way, in the volume of chesterton, which i actually compiled myself and the afterword to which overentsev wonderfully wrote, yeah, so we compiled it together with natalya leonidovna trauberg then, also legendary like sergei sergeevich overentsev, yes, of course, but the second direction in my translation activity, which is closer to me than others, is comic literature, aphorisms of all kinds, comic prose, yes, here too recently,

and also no, in england mainly, but in america, but also america, uh, just recently a two-volume book of such comic prose came out, separately english and separately american, and it was published by me volumes of english aphorisms, american aphorisms, i translated a lot of this, i translated a lot of course. fiction, but still these two directions, let's call one of them documentary, and the other comic prose , these, these are my two strong points, here you are really a meter, i can’t even do that right off the bat, i can’t support so to speak , these toasts, well, nevertheless, nevertheless , and then to all this, i don’t know, i may be anticipating your question, to all this,

in the eleventh year... already the books themselves. hello, on the air news, in the studio maria vasilyeva, at the beginning, briefly about the main topics. the peace deal between israel and hamas was on the verge of collapse the day before, but the situation was saved by qatar and egypt. the second group of israeli hostages was exchanged for palestinian prisoners. air aces are in action against