as for the second part, the count could not fulfill it, he loved his wife very much, and what happened next, if you remember, the novel saga of the foresights in goldsworth, there is a similar situation, there is such a not very nice character named soames, he has a young beautiful wife, whose name is irene, irene also has, which means roman, a lover, then at some point soames, as they say, ugul soors, entered his wife’s bedroom and restored ownership rights to her. something similar happened in samara in 1882, and so it was the future soviet classic was conceived, that is, the future writer was born, to call a spade a spade, as a result of marital rape. after that, the countess left home, left home and discovered that she was pregnant, she wrote to bastrom that take me to her. “if you accept, we will live

happily together, if not, i will understand.” nobility competed with nobility, he accepted it, they began to live, get along, make good, on his farm in the volga region, where alexey nikolaevich was actually born. and the most interesting thing in the story of his childhood, his growing up, his youth is that until he was 13-14 years old he knew nothing about it, that is, he simply grew up on this farm. with peasant boys, with peasant girls, and he later said and quite rightly said that if none of this had happened, he would not have turned out to be the writer that he became, and this is absolutely true, but the problem was that the child did not have any documents, that is, he had a metric certificate, which was nevertheless issued after his birth, well, when he was baptized, naturally, but further so that the noble child could go to school, to a gymnasium. he needed to have a document

proving membership in the nobility, which was issued by the noble assembly, and here the countess, when she became concerned about this problem, she was faced with the insurmountable circumstance that count nikolai alexandrovich tolstoy, her ex-husband, the father of the child, he categorically refused to recognize the boy that he did not have any other children except those who were born before, the situation was there. the situation was deadlock it’s generally unclear what to do, and alexandra leontyevna thought that then maybe her second husband would recognize the child, he was not, by the way, her legal husband, because after the divorce she remained in eternal celibacy, such were the laws of the russian empire, this regard , if spouses were divorced due to adultery, adultery, then the one of the spouses who was not guilty of adultery could remarry or...

get married, and the one who was guilty remained in eternal celibacy, since she was guilty , that means she remained hers marriage with bastrom was of a purely civil nature, but she nevertheless still thought that maybe the child would be adopted by bastrom, but bastrom was not a janitor, and she, despite all her democratic beliefs, still believed that let her best the son will be a count and a fat count. in the end, i won’t bore you with the details, she managed to achieve this, and at the age of 17-18... alexei nikolaevich acquired a surname and acquired the title of count. but why am i dwelling on this story? because there was no other count in history who had a peasant a childhood that had this experience. this is the very case when a child from rags to riches. such a pawn that became a queen. he is graduating from an engineering institute, i don’t remember the exact name, maybe a mining institute. in general, he graduated from some technical institute in st. petersburg and received a respectable salary.

technical profession, and he is an engineer, but his soul does not lie in the exact sciences, his soul does not lie in technology, he fluctuates between painting and poetry, he begins as a poet , and when he shows his poems as a poet, they say, he better study painting, when he shows his paintings to artists, they send him to the poetry workshop and say: better write poetry, but he was very persistent, he was very strong-willed, he really knew how to study. gradually he begins to make a literary career , which, by the way, contributes to his very open, very sociable, wonderful character, which allows him to make profitable acquaintances and friends in the literary environment, of course, if he had no talent, only skills, with whom need to make friends, nothing would come of it, but nevertheless, here is that very happy occasion when writing talent, poetic talent... or turgical talent,

he was famous and rich in all of this, is complemented by this excellent knowledge of human nature, the ability to build his relationships with the outside world, and... ... will be the wedding of gumelev and akhmatova, that is, his ability to be friends with a variety of people - this really was his enormous human talent. december is big hockey, a tradition that has remained unchanged

for many years, a tournament that we are waiting for. our the team is back on the ice. channel one cup, russia-belarus. december 16, russia-kazakhstan, december 17, live broadcasts from st. petersburg on the first. we continue, this is the podcast alexey tolstoy, with you the writer and rector of the literary institute, alexey varlamov. it must be said that alexei tolstoy’s attitude towards the february revolution, like most russian intellectuals, was, well, that’s enough. calm, he must say, he did not like the last russian tsar, and he believed that the tsar was weak, that the tsar was guilty of russia is haunted by military failures, therefore , when the february revolution took place, especially with its original democratic folk ferment, he

reacted to it quite favorably, the only thing is that he had such a sign, he lived in moscow, the sign was on his apartment tolstoy, which could be understood in two ways, was either count tolstoy or a citizen.

if bunin took such a categorical position of rejection of soviet power, bolshevism, damned days, then for tolstoy the conflict with the bolsheviks begins in february 1918, when, for the sake of saving the revolution and for the sake of saving his own skin, lenin concluded an obscene, as he himself called, brez peace with the germans, this is the point of no return for tolstoy, this is what he cannot forgive the bolsheviks, because. in his eyes, this is a betrayal of russia’s national interests, and this is a very important thing for him. returning to bunin's memoirs. bunin portrays tolstoy as an absolutely unprincipled, talented person. talented with his belly, this is the definition of fyodor solagub, and bunin in general

i absolutely agree with him. this sanguine person, this epicurean, this person for whom the main thing in life is to have fun, has no ideas from a point of view.

then one of the first russian emigrants from odessa, he goes to constantinople and then ends up in paris, in fact, why this story is still very important, because he describes - in one of his works in tolstoy’s diaries, in the memories of him there is this path russian emigrants who go from odessa to constantinople, a bitter path: russian migrants, exiles , losers of their country, losers of history , go into exile, they cry, they pray, they drink, they suffer, they play cards, what does alexey tolstoy do, he works, he... sits on a typewriter, writes, this, by the way, also reflected his powerful, mighty character, he, you know,

sometimes reminds me of scarlet o haruu from the novel by margaret mitchell, gone with the wind, by the way, a parallel that is not devoid of meaning, because of course what happened in russia in the seventeenth year, somewhat similar to a what was happening then in america, and this death, the destruction of the old world, the birth of a new civilization and a strong man, as you remember, scarly tahara says never my... family will starve, for alexei tolstoy this is very important, no matter what , my family will not starve, and he always had a large family, he had children, he had one wife, then another wife, well, he really was a very good, very loyal family man, and the interests of the family were very important to him , so he first finds himself in constantinople, then he ends up in marseilles, then in paris, alexey tolstoy himself is one of the first representatives of the first wave of russian emigration and he creates... essentially the first major work of this famous future literature of the russian

abroad, and that’s what bunin will be, aldanov, there is merishkovsky, gipios, nabokov, gazdanov, it all started with the story of alexei tolstoy, nikita’s childhood, an absolutely wonderful story, which, by the way, describes his very peasant childhood on the zavolzhsky farm in sosnovka, why he wrote this story, because one day his little... son nikita, and father, future father, writer tatyana nikitishna tolstoy, yes, this is also such a powerful tolstoy root in the history of russian literature, which continues. so, and nikita didn’t know what a snowdrift was, like this snowdrift, he wrote a story about childhood, about winter, about snowdrifts, about stars, about happiness, about an estate, about the people who live there, just a cool story so that the russians children who are temporarily in exile y... i never considered myself an emigrant, i always believed that this would all end quickly, they would return to their homeland, so that the children, having arrived

at their homeland, would recognize it, so that they would not lose their russianness, would not lose this sense of their homeland, he writes this a wonderful story about nikita’s childhood, then, as we know, events in russian history went differently than everyone expected, it was not the whites, with whom alexei tolstoy sympathized, and many russian emigrants who won, but the reds, and of course. for most emigrants, this became a national catastrophe, it became a personal catastrophe that caused horror, hatred, tears, despair, thirst for revenge, everything , but there was a small number of people, not very large, and alexei tolstoy was one of them, who looked at things a little differently, and what was especially important for our count was that he saw that these people suddenly started.

in the first year in russia, the so-called kronshtat rebellion, the kronshtat uprising, took place,

it was an extremely dangerous uprising for the bolsheviks, because they rose up against not some unfinished nobles, merchants, white guards, priests and so on, but their sailor brothers rose up, with very dangerous slogans for the bolsheviks for soviet power without communists, for advice without communists, and if soviet power... has not yet i managed to get tired of it, moreover, well, how beautiful , the advice, the russian word, then the communists were already there, and therefore lenin is a brilliantly smart person, of course, a politician, he well... understood that this slogan could be like a virus , but the whole country will embrace the whole country, the whole country will rise up against the bolsheviks and drive them out, therefore, by the way, lenin, he brutally suppressed , brutally suppressed the kronshtat uprising, but after that the policy immediately changed, the internal policy of the soviet state was canceled by the surplus appropriation system, in fact

, the nep began, a new economic policy and a new page in the history of soviet russia, which helped. here, among the emigrants, conversations begin that it is necessary to invite the entente, it is necessary to invite england, france, the united states of america there, so that they again intervene in this russian civil strife, in this the internal russian conflict helped to overthrow the bolsheviks, but again, as rational and sober-minded people, they understood

that simply no entente, no england and france would help, which means they need to pay with something, how can the russians? give up odessa, and give up murmansk to the british , promise vladivostok to the americans, they were not national traitors, they understood perfectly well that this was a very cruel price, but there were two evils, one evil was the bolsheviks , the other evil was territorial concessions, that’s why to...

for the sake of his political interests, no matter what, red or white, bolshevik or anti-bolshevik, the russian land for alexei tolstoy is a shrine, it cannot be sold, it cannot be ceded, it cannot be given to anyone, then this very conflict begins, as a result of which he spat with the russian emigration and moved. from paris to berlin, why to berlin? because berlin, germany, which, as we know, had its own revolution in 1918, after the defeat in the first world war, was overthrown kaiser, and so germany became the first country that, precisely in 1921, when in

general it became clear to everyone that soviet power had survived and strengthened, germany concluded first. trade and then diplomatic relations with the soviet union and germany berlin became a city where both white and red russians met, because entire areas of berlin lived there with emigrants, at the same time soviet writers, soviet writers, and yesenin and mayakovsky, and andrei bely and many others, they came to berlin, and berlin became such a bridge between emigration and the metropolis, it was there that alexey tolstoy went. it was there that he began to publish the famous newspaper on the eve, which means the newspaper on the eve - it was such a brilliant, cunning project, which was to conduct propaganda, influence the consciousness of russian emigrants, why was this important, because well, here we are now, i’m talking to myself i can say that we perceive russian emigration

very romantically, very idealistically, but the russians in exile created the greatest... masterpieces of literature, culture, science, technology, this is all true, but this is not the whole truth, but the first, especially the first years of emigration, they were painful, difficult, when people with an excellent education could not find something to do, when countesses went, well, not as prostitutes, but as servants, when officers had to become lackeys waiters, we remember all this, there with bulgakov, for example, and... they really had a difficult situation, and the soviet government had its own task, because the civil war, immigration knocked out qualified personnel, knocked out specialists, doctors, teachers. the authorities were interested in order to return them, the newspaper the day before was just conceived by the kremlin as a seemingly independent newspaper, but which showed successes, achievements, at

least the absence of war and terror on the territory of soviet russia, it had a literary appendix , which was headed by alexei tolstoy, and he saw his task as publishing both those writers who were in exile in paris or somewhere else, and those who were. in soviet russia, that is, he really wanted to unite them, this has always been characteristic of him, to unite, to reconcile the most different sides , when he began to publish this newspaper, then at that moment the immigration rebelled against him, because everyone was not fools, everyone understood perfectly well what was being directed against what, it was clear to everyone that he was, as it were, corrupting the russian emigration, other people can follow his path, that’s why emigrants. they told him, they were the ones who said, no, they were the ones who banned other emigrant writers, well, there was their own union of writers in exile, so let’s say, it was they who said who would be published

in this newspaper, will be damned, so in the end, in general, nothing really came of this project, but why else is this very important, why do i always remember bunin, because in fact , a very important worldview began between alexei tolstoy and ivan alekseevich bunin dispute that has to do with... i urge you, brothers and sisters, to return with me, and this storm-worn, wrecked russian ship, cry out for new

life, it is very curious that when this was published in the same the newspaper itself the day before, the news in moscow was reprinted in a newspaper, that’s when such a letter, its manifesto was published, at that moment, and bunin and merishkovsky received a scholarship from the french government. so that god forbid they did not return, so that god forbid they did not follow the path of alexei tolstoy, i think they would not have gone anywhere without this scholarship, because bunin, of course, was an absolutely convinced enemy of what was happening in soviet russia, there is a dispute between bunin and tolstoy, it is really very important. bunin will subsequently write such a brilliant article, which is called the mission of russian emigration, in this article bunin will actually define and express what the meaning is.

russia is an axumaron, this is something that cannot be, if it is soviet, then it is not russia, the real russia is either in exile, and as if the spirit of this real russia is kept by russian emigrants, or like grod kitish, it has sunk to the bottom and is located somewhere- then in deep underground, which is why budin does not accept either the soviet calendar or soviet spelling, not to mention, of course, soviet ideas, as for alexei tolstoy, it sounds strange to him... this bunin thought, russia is no more, what does it mean no more, where is it going, and the people who live there, who speak russian , and these are russian , russian sky, russian

land, russian faces, children who are born there, who are they? and this dispute, this is what, how to treat russia, what to consider as your homeland, it is really such an important dispute, in the end alexei tolstoy decides to return to his homeland, i repeat. a lot not idealizing what is happening there, but believing that it is the duty of a russian person to live in his native country, so he returns to the soviet union, immigration perceives this as a betrayal, and they say that he sold out to the bolsheviks, in fact this is all nonsense, he returned into soviet russia , as if he were entering a cage with a tiger, because who was he in the eyes of the bolsheviks, in the eyes of the bolsheviks he was, that means a former count, an aristocrat, a guardsman who, yes, changed his beliefs, but who believes people who change their beliefs, moreover, that's all,

they probably know about... and the philosophical steamship, which in 1922 took from petrograd a group of prominent russian philosophers, public figures who did not agree with what was happening in their native country, but what is less known is that this steamship made a return voyage a year later, well, maybe not exactly this ship, but in any case there was a ship that returned to their homeland those people who thought about... about the same as alexey tolstoy, yes, that is, those who thought that you have to live in your own country, no matter what, all these people were shot, not immediately on the shore, no, they were just taken into account. stalin really didn’t trust the defectors, alexey tolstoy was the only one who survived, but i would like to end with something a little different, in exile, in addition to nikita’s childhood, alexey tolstoy wrote a book, which of course everyone

knows, which was. has been filmed more than once, the novel of suffering, which means there was a novel of suffering, has two editions, namely the first part, which is now called sisters, but initially it was called the journey of suffering, which means there was a part emigrant, which was published in berlin, and there was a part that was subsequently republished in the soviet union, and bunin, by the way, wrote that tolstoy was such a cunning, such a cunning opportunist, he changed it to please the bolshevik. actually this is not true. bunin simply did not compare these two editions, there are differences between them, including ideological differences, but they are not so great and they do not change, well, the main idea that is in this book, and the main idea in this book is that that she was not for the reds and not for the whites, she was for russia, there is a very important scene, at the end of the first part, if you remember, there are two, in general this book is remarkable because there are a lot of positive characters, if you remember,

then at the end.. .on the throne after all these impostors, and there , remember, boris godunov, there grisha katrepev and so on, the poles were just sitting in the kremlin openly, yes, and it seemed that there would be nothing from russia, but then the russian people began to collect russian land , they brought a new king, who was afraid there, the boy was trembling, but nevertheless, they gathered a militia , drove out the poles, defeated some gangs of thieves, gangs that walked around moscow, borrowed money, began to raise money, took care of

the faith, like him... that they understood that faith is the most important thing, grandchildren here these people, these grandchildren had already beaten the swedes, and then they founded st. petersburg, and then russia became a great empire, and telegin says to roshchin: the district will remain from us, and from there the russian land will come, with this incredible faith in russia, with this incredible confidence in that russia indestructible, that russia cannot.

hello, this is a psychic podcast, and we continue to sort out the storehouses of our consciousness, calculate the algorithms of our behavior, and look for some kind of formula for happiness. i hope that we will succeed in this. today in my studio: a psychologist and psychotherapist, here in the expert’s chair is psychotherapist ekaterina makarova, she is also a supervisor, today we will talk about what it is. ekaterina, a famous psychoanalyst, vice-president of the all-russian professional psychotherapeutic league, a person who i have conducted, well, almost 200 consultations, and in different languages. hello, ekaterina. hello, here is the heroine in the chair, we have

a psychologist today. and, probably, for people who are not completely immersed in the circumstances of this wonderful profession, it may sound surprising, but why a psychologist? do you have some kind of psychotherapy, and what can’t you handle on your own? it turns out not. alla, hello, hello, what brought you to us? i believe that, well, for every psychologist in general, therapy is needed on an ongoing basis in order to maintain oneself in resourceful state, and if, when working with people, you come across some other questions of your own, at the same time, you hear something similar, then with this question you can come to your own. the therapist can sort it out and thereby gain some additional resource for working with people, plus, having solved your problem, you can give other people the opportunity to solve their problems. you

have some kind of problem now, you have some kind of request, yes, i have a request, i just recently had a very such an ugly story with my parents, when we had to separate completely... at the moment we don’t communicate, although for a very long time i worked just to make this relationship more harmonious, but now i saw that, well, if work happens on the one hand, this is not the most productive work and i had to break off our relationship at that moment, and it seemed to me that i dealt with it, but from time to time i return to this issue, and i felt that i still needed it, and you managed what about breaking off a relationship? exactly with the moment separation, when a relationship breaks down , it’s still some kind of loss , i couldn’t cope with this loss, i ’m haunted by such a feeling of guilt, and somewhere there’s regret, somewhere there’s pain, and so

you go to bed at night, thinking, well, everything seems to be fine, but something is wrong, but tell me, do i understand correctly that a psychologist cannot practice in such a state, i am inclined not to practice. another interesting point, because the person himself , in the role of a psychologist, cannot assess how resourceful his condition is, because he does not can look at... himself from the outside and can look at himself in practice, this is precisely the task of a supervisor or a teaching personal therapist, to carry out this control, on time, perhaps even predicting, showing the specialist, you

are entering a non-resource state, perhaps , what is happening now in your life will affect your work with clients, well then maybe we will first talk about the situation with which alla came to us, and then i would be happy, if there is time left , i would ask you about how is happening this supervision , what is it, reveal a little bit about the secret of your behind the scenes, uh-huh, dear specialists, allah, i hear a request not primarily for supervision, but for educational personal therapy, unfortunately, often a side effect of receiving psychological education is just the interruption of relations with the usual social circle, what is it? training of a consulting psychologist or psychotherapist. this is a four-part model. it consists of four integral parts. the first is to obtain a theoretical education. in this, our profession is no different from other professions; yes,

they study at universities, gain skills and knowledge. the second is practical experience. practical tasks, work in pairs, work with colleagues. the third integral part is working under supervision. yes, an experienced colleague who is qualified as a supervisor helps, as part of school supervision as part of training, to correctly use the methods of psychotherapy and counseling in practice, and here he gives assessment, feedback, helps, says how possible make it even better. further, when the colleague has already graduated and has become an independent professional, and the characters, an independent professional unit, the supervisor helps solve pressing problems. the fourth integral part is its own practice, yes, clinical cases, also study, educational personal therapy, it may contain an analysis of personal stories, maybe even some kind of clinical work,

but first of all, educational personal therapy is aimed at on the professional personality of a specialist in order for personal the stories were developed in such a way that they do not... i am not in a resource, i am not in a state in which i can benefit my clients, here is a four-part model: theory, practice, supervision and educational personal therapy. undoubtedly, during supervision, the supervisor can analyze cases, well, at the so-called third level, yes, at the personal level of a specialist. usually, when an adult, well, i mean, has already completed his education, entered his own practice, fully, taken responsibility for. at what level or

levels our work or analysis of your case will be carried out. the first level is all about the client, about his history, cause-and-effect relationships. the second level is the level of relationships, what happens in sessions between you as a psychologist and your clients, as well as in parallel with the session and between sessions. and the third level is the personal level of the specialist, the personal level, how your personal history, your character, what is happening at this moment in your life, happened in your stories, family stories, what is happening with your ethnicity, what was in your education, all this can affect the work with the client, this is about the third level, about the personal level of the specialist, here the supervisor can show how what you are experiencing can affect...

injury, first of all, by the consultant, also in the worst case, of course , the client will be injured, because at the moment, at the moment of being in a serious experience, in an altered emotional state, the psychologist can go beyond professional boundaries, this means well, for example, enter an emotional state and react overly emotionally to what the client is telling, or, for example,

and there is contact. results of the year with vladimir putin. december 14 at 12:00 moscow time. hello, sergei tugushev is broadcasting news in the studio, at the beginning of the episode we will briefly talk about the main thing. to accept everyone who finds themselves in a difficult situation, russian rescuers are evacuating our citizens along with their families from the palestinian-israeli conflict zone. one has already flown to moscow. special flight promotion on

artyomovsk direction and destruction of the position.