that this is necessary, that this is exactly how it should be done, that is, it’s like a beautiful ship, that is, you understand why it ’s done exactly this way, and this and the station should be flying just like this, especially since this, well, this is ours, as it were the station, which is right above our territory, is very cool, and the fact that the station, well, just recently there was a meeting with our president’s space rocket, yes, that is, that it was approved, approved, yes.

we all understand what we already need to do in what direction to work, now the second - this is that this station will take the best from the previous stations that we had, salute, world tamk, it will have an open architecture, what does this mean, here... those stations that we flew, they were always limited , some were for a year, then there for 5 years, for 3 years, then for 5 years, this iss station is for 15 years, well now it is already over, yes already 25, that is, it is one and a half times, already almost has flown twice as long and is still flying, this is the station that will now be ours, but it has no deadline at all, that is, it can say, immortal, limitless, with what it is connected, the basis of the station is control.

station, this base unit, it is replaceable , that is, it is open, you can undock , change, and the node mode, they will be older, yes, this is very cool, because well, technology does not stand still, we are constantly undergoing scientific and technical such a revolution, every year we learn something new, some new materials appear, some new thoughts, maybe another korolev will be born there, he will come up with something else, and we we will have this station... a russian orbital station and a service station, but i think that those countries that are friendly to us, and those that maintain good relations with us, the path to this station will always be open to them, in order to work and so that there is international cooperation, is this necessary? is this module, which is inflatable, being assembled? transformable

module, well, we have developments in our industry for the iss there is a beam, yes, an american mod, it has been flying there for a long time, it has been flying for a long time, there are checks, but only they want to do this because the only disadvantage in such modules is that of course there is increased radiation, well, there is radiation in space, but the inflatable module has minimal protection, that is, of course, a person receives a dose there. normal, so the module that we have in the project, it will most likely be a warehouse module for some kind of - replaceable elements, resource elements, and sooner or later it will appear, now at this stage, which we see according to the plan construction of our station, that is, he not a priority, in some way, well, in the future it will be, first you need to make the basis, of course, and then think about

making it an important event, but of course it’s unlikely to work out for us, because it’s completely other inclinations, but with us , if you already recalled murtazinov, he said that the biggest cost of fuel is just to change the inclination, and of course it’s unlikely that we will have this, the only thing we can do is if well, i mean, if you fantasize about all the most valuable things you have us in space... load us into

some module, then undock it with a truck and lift it into an orbit where it would fly endlessly there when there is... an opportunity, when we have such means, where, when we can calmly fly in the earth's space and not think about the fact that we have high fuel costs, then we can someday fly there to pick up either for museums of the earth or for museums of the moon there, these are the things that would be the most valuable there on the international space station , well but of course i think that there is no such thing in the project, you can only dream, that is, it will turn out that ros will be completely included. everything new, yes, everything new, everything that was tested on the international space station, everything that passed this certification on these flights, because every flight, every day that passes, it gives some kind of plus the equipment that we have working on

the international space station, and thanks to these buildings we make new equipment and equipment that will fly to ros, and what are you and i doing for ros, we are preparing, we - he is all ready, he is almost protected, how do we get to know the astronauts, because every cosmonaut in the cosmonaut corps is like an expert, an expert once space, we are sent the entire preliminary design that exists, and we read it, discuss it, consult somewhere, argue with designers, with designers, come to some kind of common opinion, and this, of course, we look at the complex of problems there maybe it's something unprofitable, something too expensive, or there are, for example, some such wishes, but because of this the station may not fly, so not all wishes

come true, so yes, so we look at the level of our production, the level of what we can do, and not we're in the way, you, you personally contributed something, i... had a wish that we had a module for physical education, that it was all transparent, yes, that we were flying, that, first of all, there was a porthole , because there weren’t enough of them in the preliminary design from the very beginning, and you’re right when you say that it would be nice to have like domes, that is, these really big glass ones, so that you can relax and do sports, that is , physical, well, of course there is such a desire, but for now there may not be such materials, but... thanks to that we have an open architecture, as soon as the opportunity arises, we will have such technologies when we can make such a transparent module, which itself is then darkened, like in these science fiction films, then it will appear on ros and will be developed so that later well, there is a version of a commercial

module that will be specially made for tourists, they will have separate cabins there and there will be a lot of portholes, in my opinion they want to make two domes, yes yes. well, we’ll see, we’ll see, we’ll live, we’ll see, but in general, design is now being done by specially attracted students, yes, it’s very cool that yes, ours attracted students from stroganovka, they have a lot of interesting things there, real professional designers, yes, yes, real professional design, well, they are beginners and they seem to have, well, they are young and well, they have a look, a more modern look. of course, he offers such there there, very well, if you look at the russian fesno, it seems to me that there were no designers there at all, well, there were some then, but also soviet ones, yes, well, then you see, then we were in first place, defense capability was well , really, they are now in first place then

of course, then survival comes first, yes, and now they are working on the interior - finishing the station, and well, from... all the comments have been taken into account, you remember, yes we lived in the service module when we had it and where we eat, and where we go to the toilet, where we sleep, we have all this on our little patch, now if you look at the project of the module, where we will live there, where we will eat, it’s all spread out, we sleep in one place, eat in another, the toilet is in a third, that is, it’s all spread out and doesn’t interfere with each other and is more convenient, we continue talking about the new russian orbital one. service station ros with oleg artemyev ros is the most ambitious, largest project that russia has, and what others we have projects, well, right off the top of my head, this is the sphere, the spectrum, the sphere - this is a satellite

constellation, that is, it is so, well, one might say so semi-fantastic for seemingly our conditions, but in fact our... industry is already completely included in this program, in this project, we need our own independent satellite constellation, we need communications, so we have our own location, our own system. parts of our globe, and what it is, that is , in our country, and then, of course, in any of us, of course, geostationary satellites, yes glanas, and they fly in geostationary orbits of 36. kilometers, and these will be lower, there will be more satellites, the signal will be

better, it is clear, yes, that the geostationary is hanging over one point, but still yes, that is, due to the fact that it’s a bit far away, the signal is not always stable, it’s closer to the ground , of course, the place where it will fly will be smaller there, but due to the fact that there are more satellites, they will transmit this among themselves and... the connection will be more stable, also the sphere it seems to be not only the same satellites, it’s a lot satellites, different satellites, project sphere , project sphere, yes project sphere, and i think that this is one of such ambitious projects, as can be compared with ros, and of course there are two such near-earth observatories, they have a spectrum, that is we can’t really talk about the sphere, well, the sphere

can break down, go out of order, then its satellites, like any mechanism, can be improved, for example, the filling can be changed to a more modern one, so they want to learn how to catch satellites and deliver space to space, there will be astronauts to carry out repair and restoration work and launch it back, this is an old dream, in fact, there will be a special platform, yes, yes, this is an old dream and mine too, just as you mentioned. non -ship worker, where i worked, this is about 25 years ago, then they still dreamed that we would have a dock at

the station outside where we were, so that we would catch satellites, install them, repair them, then tow them back to their orbits, not quite i understand how we will catch them, well, there will be a tug, we have a project tugboat, this tugboat will quietly pick up, bring, that is, we are not talking about being near the station, but near the station or docked and...

testing the equipment that can then be launched into space after we have tested it on rosa , that is, it is like a testing laboratory, the ross station will dock with russian alliances, alliances, no, in my opinion, alliances are not envisaged now, although i think that maybe at first, but in any case we are building our new ship, yes ptknp, eagle, right now. extreme the name was eagle, yes, well, maybe it will remain that way, now while those docking

ports that exist now are intended specifically for the ship - this new generation of eagle, for alliances there is no such possibility yet, but that is, alliances they go together with the iss, everything is possible, but the alliances will remain on the iss and i think that in any case there will be a crossover, right, that is, the iss will not be flooded, it will fly for at least a year. i think that longer, i think, i mean the first, the first modules of ros and iss, yes, no, i do i’m kind of sure, i kind of have to be, that first we have to get the new station up and running, that it... will definitely work, will definitely fly, also speaking about growth, very great opportunities, this is our northern one, yes , the northern sea route, and the sea route that we are developing on earth, new icebreakers are being built, they have already been laid down, and this shortens the routes, logistics, and it will be possible to manage the station, help, yes,

well, install equipment that will be necessary for that, rossa herself is there, she assumes that you... will have surveillance in all ranges, that is, optical, and radio luxation, radio engineering, everything, well , firstly, this is for safety, that is , you, well, you never know what can happen during the northern sea ​​route, you will have an understanding of what is generally happening on any icebreaker, on any ship of our northern fleet, that is, you can even quickly film, quickly film, yes, that is. well, yes, observing some kind of ecology, the animal world, counting bears there, maybe it will work out, well then i think it really is necessary to somehow say a maximum of six people so that there will be at the station, well , it’s unlikely that there will be six people, because it seems to assume that the first crew there will be , in my opinion, two each man, until she ba when

she will of course be completely built, i think until six is, well, i think that it will all depend on how, well, from... first of all, don’t start from mars, from venus, you would fly away to live on venus, no, not to live, but how to make it so that she - reformed would be a spare planet for the earth, i think this is possible, first there will be some kind of dereships in which the first generations will live there, then lower and lower as they are

processed, then some powerful machines that they will continue to recycle the atmosphere, i hope that maybe... well , 50 years, maybe this is a short time, but suddenly. oleg, today we talked about the present and future of the space industry, and once again we were convinced that russia, as it was, is, will be the greatest space power. exactly. today my friend, cosmonaut pilot, hero of russia, oleg artemyev, visited me. it was a podcast of space stories and me, anton shkaplerov. hello, this is a podcast of witnesses from einstein, and its hosts are film historians, natalia ryabchikova and stanislav didinsky. our podcast is about who and how created classic , cult, famous, little-known, forgotten

soviet films, this is a school of moviegoers, where we reveal the secrets of film archives and explain why... watch soviet cinema now, how to find new meanings in it, understand more have even more fun. and today we have a special issue dedicated to the ninetieth birthday of the wonderful soviet theater and film director mark zakharov. and today we have a special guest alexandra markovna zakharova. hello. hello. we will torture you. great, thank you for inviting me, i really appreciate it. because we are terribly interested , we really want to tell you, really. about how mark anatolyevich zakharov came to cinema, why his films are so popular, although there are not many of them, but there are always they are reviewed, they are quoted, they are simply adored, this is the secret we really want to try to reveal at least a little. mark anton did one amazing thing, he invented his own cinema, he rushed into cinema, when into television cinema, when it was not fashionable, when it was considered, in general

, not very interesting, and his work, a feast during...

performances, which were transferred to the television set, yes, it was like a test, they filmed a memorial prayer in the

vastankino pavilion, in my opinion, yes, and a performance is a slightly different matter, it is necessary to communicate with the audience, these are slightly different laws, what is in the theater is very rarely conveyed by cinema. you know, the spectator and the performance come , the performance is born first as an idea, then the play is written, then it is rehearsed in the rehearsal room, this is the second, third birth, then you go on stage, and then the spectator comes, then it begins, but as co-creation, the audience necessarily participates in this, but it seems to me that television is approaching this more than a movie, when you are right here in this...

about this script, it should be expressed in those very letters, dry, the dramatic talent of mark anatolyevich was needed, the director, a wonderful bloodworm, decided that he needed letters like these, attracted mark anatolvich’s father, took him, showed him the footage, which, as my father told me, he didn’t really like, and he wrote these letters, in my opinion wonderful, he wrote letters to my mother and to me, but somehow i was even at that age, well, he somehow writes and writes, although he i have some letters from him lying around to notice, my daughter, are you making me happy or are you making me sad,

my dear wife, nina tikhonovna, yes, this is when my mother and i were leaving for a vacation somewhere, and he was working, he was to my mother, my mother’s mother periodically wrote some letters, well , it was such a kind of game, probably, but how did viktor’s debut in a movie like this even happen? such a man named grishin, who, therefore, told him that, despite all his shortcomings, and we know about them, my father told me this, we are appointing you in charge director of the leninsky komsomol theater, but i would really ask you without experiments, this. he even later , you know, he dragged this phrase into the play, there was such a performance, we conduct an experiment after some time, that’s how he was, he

says, he stuck out a little from the table , yes... some of his eyes looked like some kind of -he ’s out of the water, you know, like two eyes, so when he became the chief director of the lenievsky komsomo theater, and after the short artistic direction of anatoly efros, who worked there for 2-3 years and left the theater, there was desolation there, decline, and the main director was vladimir monakhov, and the theater was called among themselves. to the mound, to this place , it probably helped somehow, my father came and pulled karachentsev from under the stage, which means from somewhere completely from mosovka, then peltser came, in the third year he saw abdulov, yankovsky from saratov, inna mikhailovna chyurikova arrived , the whole point is that the artist is becoming popular in cinema, and he understood that it is necessary for the audience to come, for there to be popular

art, and they need to how... to build a theatrical acting career, and he began to make films, here are 12 chairs , where he brought with him elena shanina and alexander abdullov, who played there, some engineer, yes, i don’t remember the name, in the soap, naked, helpless, and then an ordinary miracle, where he became, of course, it was the birth of a beautiful star, with whom all women from in... there, from youth to very old age, he became like a sex symbol, and they say, and of course mark anatolyich, who treated his actors very carefully, he became take them off, take them off, take them off, take them off, because they were needed popularity, people should not just flash by, play some roles for it to be good and for it to be, probably , something like this, that is, it was not just some kind of director's...

in general, he became popular, famous , valentin nikolaevich pluchik came, saw and somehow rushed down from a cliff, he, you know, invited a young, inexperienced, completely director to his satire theater, an actor and director, when his father came to the satire theater, he realized that the actor he is not the best, but to go on stage with very good artists and this is such a decline

, by the way, until the last days i said that my two best works are this defeat, the first with mark anatolvich zakharov, and the last work is felomena marturana, the city of millionaires, the son of mikhali on chyurikov, this is again a performance by zakharov, so they staged a rout, levenson, the detachment commander, with levenson, what could be, only a rout, and so they began the performance. close again, then actress babanova called angelina stepanova, with whom she was very friendly, and said that we have a very talented director who staged a play, but the destruction closed it, and stepanova, who was fadey’s wife, yes, and angelina stepanova, that means she had a turntable at home, somewhere very high up, she called and said, my

sasha is here. they were opening the play, and suslov came to the performance, his father said that he came in galoshes, it was terribly funny for him to look at these galoshes, because no one wears goloshes, and he came in , he didn’t even understand what he was deciding. his fate, but suslov watched the performance, began to applaud the next day in the newspaper truth article, what a great work, and how right it is that levinson leads the squad, the human heart, how to survive the new year, cinnamon is the most new year's spice, winter fun, what you need to be prepared for at the skating rink, the program to live healthy, will answer all questions. tomorrow on the first. the best. new season, on sunday on the first. i remind you that this is a podcast of renstein’s witnesses, which is hosted

by us, film historians, stanislav didinsky, natalya ryabchikova. and today we are talking about the creative heritage of the wonderful soviet, russian cinema and theater director mark anatolyovich. our guest is alexandra zakharov, in the cinema he also had this practice of writing more on the cutout and then handing it in little by little, no, it’s not like that on the cutout, they just filmed there, for example, a scene in an ordinary miracle when evgeniy pavlovich appears in window, remember the politburo before, it’s all a little bit like when yevgeny pavlovich appeared, he did this in the window when there was a premiere in the house.

economic theme, he wrote the script to the music of joe dan, we were playing all the time, it’s true, that is, he writes about it in his memoirs, everyone repeats, you didn’t hate him at that moment, i hated him because he was wonderful, and still, in my childhood mind, he connected with his father no more, not as good as he is, here dosen sent me to my father, so somehow with great pleasure and melancholy i sometimes listen to some of his songs in the car, but then... then there was a very clear storyboard, the script was written very clearly, it was all painted, then he worked a lot with composer, from whom he never left, and gennady viktorovich glodkov of course, he was very worried about this

, he says, well, you can’t compose music - it ’s an intimate matter, when they stand over your soul, they say, come on, write, well, come on, come on, come on, but here, so that it’s a little james bond, and here, so that it would be something like this... his father didn’t sing, but he had an amazing ear for music, and he was a herodite in this sense, he brought music and said, something like that, like that this is the direction, and glodkov wrote the music, he was so scary, that means this tape recorder, he brought him to the set, there was a storyboard, then, further, further he got into each actor. and he dealt with his individuality, to put it roughly, roughly , stanislavsky’s system, this is me in the proposed circumstances, yes, this is what i can do, what i see, what is familiar to me,

to exist like this, stanislavsky had nemirovich, actor mikhail chekhov, who later raised an amazing galaxy of actors in hollywood. and when he appeared at the theater, he said, i want to play hamlet, and they told him what kind of hamlet you are, you little growth, to which chekhov said, i will grow , i will grow, this height, height, it is very important, growth is not physical, spiritual growth, that is , in order to play, simply speaking, but the body, it is not necessary to strangle someone , but you can write how you would do it, there is an interesting recollection about chekhov by sergei zenshtein, who saw him in his youth, but... just arrived in moscow, early twenties, sees him in the theater, a small space, ezenshtein is sitting somewhere... then in the first rows in new felt boots, very brand new, looking fascinated at chekhov in some role, where he absolutely surrenders to it, the next day he meets chekhov

somewhere with mutual friends, and chekhov says to him: what wonderful vallinki you had yesterday, and this struck isenstein incredibly, because at the same time mikhail chekhov could to be completely in the role, and a little behind it , to notice everything, it seems to me that we experience this feeling as spectators too, and even in an ordinary miracle, that’s why we like it so much, but we realize that this is an invention, we realize that this... this is a wizard, this is his hero, the wizard himself too a character, somewhere behind him there is also mark zakharov, who is a wizard himself , comes up with this himself, and maybe there is someone else behind him, well, that is, this is such a wonderful ladder, this is the phrase that yankovsky’s hero says to his wife , mistress , yes, i wanted to talk to you about love, but i’m a wizard, so i came up with these characters, this phrase was not in the first film adaptation, it was removed, it was in the play,

the world was born, i wanted to talk to you about love, but i’m a wizard, remember, you said, remember, remember, here i am took, gathered people, transferred them. they all began to live in such a way that you laugh and cry

, in general, a great serious work of art, it can push, push a person to start thinking, and yes, i won’t fly into space, but i can do something else in this life , i have some kind of play, i can rise a little, this is in all the works, in my opinion, of my father, i also wanted to talk about music. it’s interesting to say that mark zakharov’s musical films do not fit into an exact genre, that is, we can to say that this is a film with music, we cannot say that it is a musical, yes, although the actors sing there, and the characters sing, but it is still something, something special, something different, how did he manage it, i can’t answer for mark anatolyevich at all, the only thing i can say is that this is an auteur cinema, it ’s different, it’s not like anything else, just like the theatre, the car turned out, it’s not like anything else,

they say lenkom , lenkom, what lenkom, was zakharov, around whom the artists united, to whom he very carefully, tenderly how he treated children, and as for music, i just know that he rehearsed and filmed to music, in the beginning there was music, he brought, he showed, he spoke, and you know, when an actor plays to music, a good actor who doesn’t it's like he's singing, yeah.

also a servants’ song, because abdulov and semyon farada are wonderful, we definitely need a song , he says: what servants are done, come on, he says, come on, sit down, sit down, play, yes, they had such a game with glodkov, he brought a newspaper, there really, yeah, he put it like notes, peter says, come on, sing, compose, here to this the truth is, these were the jokes they had, but it was quite funny, and he says, we need to make one up, and glodkov says: i remembered all the words

that i knew in italian una of the moment, well, i completely played some, and my father liked it so much, he says: just not me , nothing, just like that, he was completely delighted, he flew , which means the studio, it seemed to them, everyone is talking, everyone is laughing so much, they are so happy, his wife liked it, and he consulted his mother on everything, he said golodkov, although he accepted the advice about me and my mother, it helped you on the playground, that’s the dream. i don’t know, it’s all one, when they say what he’s like at home , what he’s like on set, it was just difficult for me at first, when swift was being filmed, i was still studying, and i didn’t know how to handle it , dad was uncomfortable, there was a break, the whole group was standing, dad was uncomfortable, and mark anatolyevich is unusual, i told him, come here, the whole group was so delighted, well, and then

somehow just mark anatolyevich and at home, father, dad, theater. fit into the summer, and as for some other films in which yankovsky starred, he filmed the film on vacation, indeed, abdulov, there, karachentsev, he said, i don’t want to, here we are, somehow ourselves, ourselves, with the director’s control, and he never

did this, and where, this didn’t happen, and these are the leading actors on whom he relied repertoire, and then it’s clear that... in order for spectators to come to the theater, spectators still go to see their favorite faces, so he always filmed all his actors, so he tried somehow to make them popular, famous, famous, what happened, in my opinion, is all the more interesting when, among this series of familiar beloved faces, again those whom we think of as zakharov’s corpse , conventionally even in films on television, suddenly faces appear that we do not associate with... his performances, for example, in minhausn, the same menhausen, when inna chyurikova appears, for example, here appears in this troupe, why don’t you connect her with the theater, she came in 1973, because she doesn’t play in other films by mark anatolyevich, apparently that’s why it seems that she belongs to

panfilov’s cinema, yes, of course , the beginning, yes, there is no ford in the fire, mostly of course the beginning, but after looking at the beginning. invited her to the theater, she came, and the first performance “til the beautiful is churikov’s karachentsev,” then , you know, he didn’t gather actors, he raised them, he raised this generation yankovsky, karachentsev, abdullov, churikov, he attracted , here is tatyana ivanna peltser, who came for him, who played in a profitable place, in his satire, absolutely grandiose, which, when he told, when he read the explication, it means that the play was before.” artists, a young director, she listened to all this, said that well, as soon as a person doesn’t know how to do anything, he immediately goes into directing, and then , somehow she thawed out, she fell in love with him just like a son, she followed him, when she came to the theater, wrapped in a scarf, she said: mark, whether you want it or not, take me to the theater, then sergeevich bronevoy came

after munchausen, he invited him, he came to the theater, and of course this is grandiose. a great actor with some kind of crazy biology, who played until the last second of his life, he maybe left for a month and was gone, he was great, and his, you know, his intonations in wenhausen, when what was happening there, first celebrations were planned, then arrests, and then they decided to combine, we also have a fragment from... 7:00 in the morning, clouds disperse, good weather sets in , what, what , show me, as luck would have it, today the sky is clear, that is, there really was fog in the morning, but then

it disappeared, do you want to say that this is his merit? i don't mean to say anything bronos, i'm just pointing out that today is a great day, well... we have no reason to claim that he dispersed the clouds, but says that he did not disperse the clouds, this meant contradicting what you see, you are laughing at me, continue further, heinrich, from 80 am to 10:00 feat. what does it mean? this means that from 8 to 10 am, he has a feat planned. it’s a pity there’s no phrase that, it’s a feat, it’s a feat, so i go to work every day at 8:00 in the morning and of course there’s nothing like a feat of feat in this, but there’s definitely something heroic in it, somehow this phrase sounds like that, i i would like to say:

i'm afraid i won't name something, she played endlessly leading role, it was the main seagull, god, three girls in blue, i’m an actress, you know, like ostrovsky, to create a theater, you need an actress. boring and no-no-no, i’m talking about the fact that , apparently, there was simply no suitable role, but she endlessly played in her father’s plays and

the theater, the theater, the theater to which her father dedicated his life, the repertory theater, which is very important for culture of our country, then the repertory theater, namely, which my father served with faith in truth, in general the theater served with faith in truth all his life, creating such original, author's work. how did he manage to get through all these intrusive phrases, there were some digressions, there were digressions, and he also said, he wrote it down very well, they say, he comes there, i don’t really know about cinema, but i told you about the bang-bang , and three girls come to the performance there and say, these are the remarks, the father took a piece of paper and knows that he really likes it when they write down after them, he wrote it down, then without changing anything, he said, we changed it here, how you said. they pitch has become much better, you understand that it became better, without changing anything, well, yes,

he went for some things, for some things he didn’t, but the question is, how did he choose, yes, and in general would he be able to make this choice, and what performance next transfer to the screen, why usual, or what script to write, yes, but why at first there was an ordinary miracle, and finally.

my father definitely had some kind of ray, but this, you know, the understanding that you came up with something, came up with something, sort of composed it, well, like a direction, and then the fact that it begins to acquire matter, and then, what's next turns into a play or a film from an idea . further and got the path of an artist, but also in some kind of magic, of course,

absolute, absolute magic, then...