the same one will go to the polls in june, we’ll live there, but this won’t happen, but we still need to normally come to a state of objective reality, such political sobriety to understand that this is really a total hybrid war against our fatherland, our civilization, until we achieve the final victories, we don’t need to relax, no matter what anyone says, well , let’s finish by returning to where we started, which...

happy new year. you may not know, but in the tambov region the only orthodox church, which is painted using the grisal technique. isn’t this a reason to fly in 50 minutes by plane from vnukovo? we traveled through karachay circassia and climbed to the bermamyt plateau, where the wind was very strong. knocked us off our feet, we were wrapped in blankets, also, if there is a paradise in russia, then this is bakhchis paradise, well , in general, good people, i’ll pay now, i want to wish everyone, as they say, siberian health, caucasian longevity, and everyone be happy , live, rejoice and be loved, good luck, success, happiness in the new year 2024 year.

this is the easy money podcast, i am its host, mikhail khanov. today we will talk about what professions, competencies, specialties will be in demand in the near and not only in the near future, therefore. in demand - this means well paid. lately, we have been hearing more and more often that artificial intelligence will leave millions of people on planet earth unemployed, entire industries, professions, specialties will be closed and forgotten, is this true, what are real trends in the labor market, and what are just headlines? for attracting attention, today we will try to figure it out together with the director for human capital development, skolkovo school of management. sergei spasov. hello,

sergey. hello, mikhail. well, let me start with this general question. right now in the labor market, it’s a seller’s market or a buyer’s market. that is, what is more, those who are looking for work or those who are looking for workers. generally. it's a seller's market now. yes, vacancies in general there are more vacancies than candidates. and this is amplified by various factors, there, ah, the departure of people in recent years in large quantities. the demographic hole in which we find ourselves, the economic growth there in the last year, this is all, leads to the fact that it is more difficult for companies to find people, this is in general, but it’s interesting, if you look at the specifics there, yes, there are industries, there are directions, in which it is very difficult to find candidates, these are blue-collar professions, these are sales, that is, those same blue collar jobs where no one wanted to go, there is a seller’s market.

in our terminology, specific in general, and if you look at white collar workers, especially to top management, then the situation in recent years has not changed much from what was there before, but for one. in russia, that is, how long is this trend in your opinion? it’s difficult to make forecasts, it seems to me that this is for the next decade, at least, firstly, because of the demographic hole, and there the situation will be, because of this factor, it will probably be corrected in some near future, but some

other factors that we will probably talk to you about there, yes, i can’t say exactly how they will affect our labor market, well, here is the already mentioned artificial intelligence, automation. will not replace , let’s say, will not compensate for this lack of labor, look, robotization there is not a new trend, for the last year we have been actively talking about artificial intelligence, yes, before that we talked about automation, before that we talked about robotization, every time some kind of breakthrough technology appears, everyone immediately says, we will all be replaced, yes there, but meanwhile we still go by taxi with a driver, yes there, at some point i think driverless cars will appear in widespread use there, yes, but it is unlikely to happen... in the next five or even 10 years, my personal opinion, the same thing with artificial intelligence, it will certainly affect many specialties, and it is already reflected, if i don’t know there yet, 5 years ago in almost all the call centers that you

called or that called you, you spoke with people, but now the situation is the opposite, in almost all call centers you already speak with robots who ...

texts, then this statistic has been proven that artificial intelligence is degrading, so in any case, these people are needed, talented designers, artists and screenwriters are also needed, but now we are talking specifically from an applied point of view, what kind of people will find it difficult to find a job in the future, that is, where should i study now, me it seems that in the future it will be more difficult for white collar workers than for blue collar workers , let’s explain this for our audience, the white top workers are those employees, well... the same artificial intelligence,

increasing the company’s productivity, this everything is reflected in the reduction in the total number of office employees, so it was written down for white -collar workers, and managers are like this ... an interesting question, will they still be in demand or will they be in demand less and less and the tops will be needed there, the best of the best, and this there will be tens of hundreds there, and not thousands, as now, from the point of view of managers, it seems to me that those who have rather narrow specializations will be in demand, now after the pandemic, the trend that i observe when searching for managers there is yes, for example, you a a retail company is looking for a financial director for retail sales, yes, i’ll explain, yes, yes, yes, and you are looking for a financial director, yes , you are a big company, as the search used to be, there, yes, you are looking at other companies like you , comparable in size, who

works there, and you want to hire a person from there with the best competencies, yes, now the situation is getting more complicated, right there? there is a tendency to look for specialists who are best suited to the tasks of the company, and if before the company often. they were simply looking for a specialist from a company similar in profile and size to theirs, but now the company has specific tasks, for example, entering a new region, or , say, merging there with the acquisition of another company, and the company is already looking, if we are talking about top managers, not just a financial director, but a financial director who has experience in solving these specific problems, entering another region, acquiring another company. accordingly, and in order to be successful in the future, there must be a portfolio

the candidate has experience in some completed tasks in the past, who will best meet the needs of the company, and yes, but as the labor market changes, now the so-called zoomers are entering it, yes, that is, the generation of the 2000s, which they graduated from there, some of them graduated from colleges, some of them graduated from colleges, some are simply entrepreneurs. from 15 there from 17 years old, now a fashionable topic in the information space is to develop some projects, well, in general, this generation, it is somehow changing the labor market, that is, there are some requests for a reduction in the working week , for working remotely, for something else, because in the next 10 years they will represent the bulk of the working mass, and in connection with this there are some changes, if you look at generations, they are zoomers they are more flexible and more demanding of their employers, they are easier... to make decisions about changing jobs, if generation x, there, yes, to which we belong, is characterized by achievement,

ambition and perseverance are characteristic there, one might say, then and there are more zoomers are concerned about their life-work balance, they defend their boundaries more in terms of personal time and work time, and therefore the employer is with them... i don’t think that this is a generational story, yes, the quality of completing tasks still depends on a specific person and how tasks are set there, my personal, my personal, from the leader, and well, from the person and from his leader, yes, but by the way, when we talk about generations, for some reason everyone always says about something... generation y is coming out now, generation z is entering the labor market, but the population

of the country as a whole is maturing, yes, and if we look at the horizon of 20-35, and i recently read a forecast with trends and saw figures there that in 2035 40% of the country’s population will be generation x and... always more talented than the previous generation , well, you know, there is even such a film, even filmed in the states, which, well, he’s

60 years old there, plus i think even more, yes, well, as an example i can say that i have a mother, she is 77 years old, she still even does some projects, she is engaged in calculating personal boiler rooms for facilities there for houses and shopping centers and workshops there, space, it does n’t matter, that is, at 77 years old a person is in demand and if she wanted, if there were, well, now there are less and less. there, god forbid, sometimes they don’t allow health there, but nevertheless, even at this age a person not only knows how, but he has the strength and desire to do some kind of work, not just there, let’s say, happy longevity, yes , walking there, of course, this also exists, and there are more and more such people, and if we don’t even talk about this age, but a little smaller, 60 plus, so this is generally a very , let’s say, experienced generation, if they are healthy, then these people, they can bring a lot of benefit to companies, is there a trend towards... a change in this trend, that here i am this is what i wanted to say, that one of

the trends that i see is more hiring of people of mature age, there and 50 plus, because there too, let’s remember 15 years ago, if you are 50 years old, then you are practically nowhere to be found in a leadership position they won’t take it, well, in my opinion it’s the other way around, no, he’s quite older, you still have to have experience, but that’s all it’s equally more difficult that they won’t hire 50 people there for about 50 years. yes, it’s difficult to speak for everyone there, yes, but many companies there tried to attract young leaders there, and in the future there, yes, due to the fact that there will be fewer young people and...

management of this or that industry, solving such or other problems, or a person’s ability , in principle, to solve such problems due to his leadership qualities, charisma, the ability to build teams, the ability to retain teams, the ability to motivate teams, yes, are specific ones needed, so you started with what is needed specific customizations, yes, that is , clear correspondence to the requirements of the task. from the manager, his skills, or are these qualities, which are called soft skills all over the world, important, more important, more in demand, for success, for success soft skills are more in demand , they are more needed for success, and about hard skills don’t forget, hard skills are like a base, it goes without saying,

because if you have hard skills, these professional skills are insufficient there , yes, or if you have them... no, then maybe a situation where, thanks to your soft skills, you got somewhere, yes, they hired you , but rarely does it end in success, so you need to combine, yes, well, hard skills are the basis there, yes, they are necessary , but not enough, soft skills that are superimposed on top, this is an additional prerequisite for success as a manager, that is, a manager of programmers, he must still be able to imagine what programming is, it is better to program even better himself.

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friends, burn it. this is the easy money podcast, i am its host , mikhail khanov, and we continue to communicate with sergei spasov, director of human capital development, school of management skolkova. let's get a little more specific, literally. let's say, 10 years ago, yes, we all talked about how the top professions were like everyone in it, everyone in information technology, everyone in programmers, everyone there in system architects and so on. some time ago these were economists , lawyers, now just off the top of my head, and what comes to mind, the top three professions that are in demand right now, right now in the next year or two, it, that’s it- after all, it,

well, after all, it, yes, who exactly, the developers, all those you listed, and this is a local deficit because people have left or there are simply not enough of them physically for tasks, the number of tasks is growing, because we are talking about an it deficit, i don’t know, it’s been there for 15 years. products, the so-called product managers, then the people who work in development there, yes, these are the ones who bring these products to customers, to the production stage, i’ll just explain to our audience using an example, let’s say there’s a brilliant designer who created there, i don’t know, coat trousers, yes there, i’m actually right now. and there is a person who will take this, draw patterns, hire specialists who will sew it all , purchase fabric, create a line, colors, sizes,

negotiate with stores, deliver all this and this product will appear on the shelf, yes, this is called a product manager, each a company that does anything has its own products and a product manager, that is, those who come up with these new products or those who sell them are actually in demand, because these are really different people, i’m talking about those who implements it. will not be in demand due to the fact that we are telling you that we need to somehow sell hr products, that is, people who deal with human capital. sales are always in demand there, yes, this is now, in my opinion, the time for seals , i would include them here in this top three , i agree, that’s absolutely true, and salespeople

were always needed there, and even if the company has products, money must be earned before customers, salespeople must go we will definitely add here, that is, working with people , actually hiring people, developing people , because we understand that work is a department. there is a department or hr manager, it does not end with hiring, yes, you need to at least retain this person, you need to motivate him, you need to make sure that at a minimum he does not look for a job in the country, at the most he considers himself in the best work and the happiest person gave his all, in fact , brought additional value to his manager for a remuneration that was adequate from his point of view, that is, after all , the question is, who is more important, those who manage people, yes... let’s say yes, or managers or salespeople, it’s clear that both are important, right now specifically, what do russian companies lack more, then let’s, let’s decide on the criteria for how we

measure this demand, i personally like to use the quantity ratio vacancies to the number of candidates there, and where there is a greater deficit now, well, there is a greater deficit in those areas that i said, in areas related to personnel management, there is no such shortage, it is always difficult to find a person, and despite the fact that there are more candidates than vacancies there and you. well, i just know from myself that there is a huge shortage of personnel in it, that’s what we mentioned, in developers, in product people,

these managers, that is, especially, yes, that is, to find a smart product, as they strictly say, this it’s very difficult, yes, and if sales people can really be trained, because selles are a technology, yes, they are still trainees, yes , then when we talk about managerial qualities, i would still classify this as to... the general, common culture of man, his the ability to structure your working time, first of all for yourself, and then for everyone else, this is really a problem, that is, we, let’s say it again, that is, after all, it specialists, this is the second, these are products and that is, managers, yes, the average ones are those who are involved in packaging what the company produces, products, services, and bringing it to the market, sales, and so on, that is, to the shelves of what are called stores, as if this is not...

about artificial intelligence, but more broadly about digital economy, yes, because, well, let's just say that the largest companies, even in the world in terms of capitalization, are companies that do not produce machines, equipment, machines that are prohibited there, to the name of the organizations, there we will call them social networks, as i also like, prohibited gram, yes, these are companies that they don’t produce factories, machine tools, ships, they actually... are platforms, yes, that provide work for a lot more developers, yes, that is, applications written in one or another operating system, organizing channels, blogs there, and so on, exactly these companies are leaders in the market, what specialists are in demand there, but who is in demand in this new digital economy, i don’t think they are very different from other companies, they set trends there, yes, thanks

to them these trends for digitalization, the use of artificial intelligence that we are talking about, they apply to everyone, but so, but they are the founders of these trends, respectively , when we say who is in demand everywhere, we also have them, well, that’s what i’m actually talking about this is a very important thesis, that is , our dear listeners, viewers, what sergey named, what we said about these three specialties, it, managers for organizing processes and development

, or even not young people to artificial intelligence and its role in replacing a person in the labor market. you correctly noted that you need to formulate your attitude towards it, because what do you, what do you call the ship there, yes, that’s how it will sail, when i think about the influence of artificial intelligence on the labor market, another catchphrase pops into my head, if a revolution cannot be prevented, it must be led, and i mean if you are afraid. you can be replaced by artificial intelligence, then you need not to distance yourself from it there and wait for this moment, but you need to immerse yourself in the mechanics of its work, immerse yourself in what it does, use it as an assistant, other than in an anecdote, yes, if you are afraid that something will be taken away from you, it will be taken away from you, if you are afraid that you will be replaced, then you will be replaced, absolutely right, in this regard i believe that artificial intelligence is an assistant for specialists and for managers of the future, it’s already there and almost all people with... i

communicate at work in one way or another use these gpt chats, use them as help there and additions to their current tasks, well, what problems can now be solved, well, i know, for example, writing a product description task, that is, you show a picture, you set some parameters, and then the artificial intelligence writes this paragraph itself. with two descriptions that are quite acceptable for to read, say, oh, great , i’m buying, writing personal offers to more clients, because it’s always captivating when they tell you, dear mikhail, yes, yes, yes, and moreover, when they don’t just tell you, when based on your previous history , they offer you something, and a summary of information, there, they are very good at extracting the essence from some kind of data array, yes, you can upload some information there, and take the essence and use it there in email

correspondence just there, right? so as not to write a lengthy letter to a colleague there and squeezed down to one paragraph with the help of artificial intelligence there, creating content and posts on social networks works quite well there and if you have any ideas another thought actually when i was preparing for our meeting there and even well i was thinking about the competencies of the future, i remember the situation, recently i was at the airport in a bookstore and it was a bookstore at the istanbul airport. various and what was surprising was that the entire shelf was dedicated to various aspects of emotional intelligence, and i i wish i could, when i was preparing for our meeting, and soft skill, yes, but specific soft skill, yes, when i was preparing for our meeting, i just thought that in principle this is logical, artificial intelligence is developing very much, and that’s how we are

... intelligence, because emotional intelligence is about interaction, about understanding oneself, about understanding the emotions, motivations of another person and one ’s own, and people who pump up this part of themselves, yes, their emotional intelligence, they are definitely will have a competitive advantage in the future there and in front of other people, in front of artificial intelligence, it doesn’t have this yet, of course, well, here i always give you an example, that is , artificial intelligence is like... like a child, that is, these are the same brains, only the brains of a child, and children learn from what adults have written in textbooks, in texts , in literature, in works of music, art, they will perceive this world as adults dissect it for them,

that’s my thesis, yes, when ai learns from his own developments, he degrades, well imagine that a child will learn from what other five or three-year-old children have written, yes, accordingly, all this is a dead end, and then, when all this is already... worth it, because not every adult becomes a nobel laureate or even a top manager , the head of a company , and just a journalist, a writer, an artist , yes, a huge number of them do monotonous work there, standing in a factory, this is also important work, that’s why i always treat artificial intelligence exactly like the evolution of human development, now it is at the level of five, maybe seven years old, the awareness of oneself has not even occurred yet ...

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on friday on the first, what do you think about the fashion world? perhaps this is an even more magical world than mine. this is the podcast easy money, i am its host mikhail khanov, today our guest is sergei spasov, director for development of cheleti capital, school of management skolkova. and this is a question, sergei, and i

am increasingly inclined to believe that the higher education we receive is not forever, it is not the only education when my younger children, unlike the older ones, are now choosing a university for themselves. i say, don’t, as they say , bother, and speaking in their slang, don’t be upset, don’t worry, this is your first higher education, whether it’s true or not, this is a trend all over the world, in russia, whether it exists at all, or these are my personal assumptions, a continuous process learning there, yes, this is one of the competencies of the future that we are talking about, we still write it down, that is, the ability to learn constantly is a necessity, a must, in this regard. you are absolutely right that education does not end there with the first education, it just begins, yes, and then there may be a second higher education, then there may be business schools, there may be short courses, there may even be microcourses there, yes, but self-education, self-education, yes, yes, yes,

ah, but you always need to learn, and this, this is for sure, and another point is that in russia, if you look at our labor market, and it seems to me, graduating from a university and obtaining a specialty. gives an advantage when applying for a job in russia, because our universities, my subjective opinion, are a little out of touch with reality, but nevertheless they look at diplomas, yes, i also agree with you, and i ... well, employees very often i say this to my children, but what do you know, when you come to college, everyone says: forget everything you were taught at school, when you graduate from college, you come to job, they tell you, forget everything you were taught at the institute, when you move to another job, forget everything that happened at your last job, after all, there is some kind of continuity, or i’ll explain now, and yet everyone asks for a diploma , that’s it, it looks exactly at... the diploma, at the fact of this diploma, because if you have a diploma

from some prestigious university, what does that mean? this means that you went through some kind of basic filter, it means that you went through some kind of competitive selection, i don’t know, in mathematics they call it necessary, but insufficient conditions, that is , it is a must have yes to have, then it’s already clear, the same thing, many people there want candidates who know english, not because they need to speak english at work, but this is a certain level if a person knows a foreign language language, then... it means he spent some time on his ability to self-educate, this is the ability to build new neural circuits, that’s absolutely right, and the same thing with the university in ours in our labor market there, yes, but it's really sad, employers. they say: forget what you were taught , this is really very sad, that is, now a university is a certain criterion that you have made an effort on yourself, passed exams, entered, and you communicate in a certain circle of people who have also done this in principle you're already on the level.

basically, in our labor market, work experience, and if we are talking about young specialists, internship experience, experience of some kind of projects, solved problems, yes, written articles, perhaps there, yes, this is valued more than herself line, university line name of the specialty, the value of mba programs, and the master of business administration, it was already gradually slipping away like that before, now it has completely disappeared, especially with the situation there, the nba is different.

this is how it is for the employer, and if we are talking about universities, here about the mba, by the way, too, for me, russian education gives an advantage, because a person who studies here, there, and who does internships here, has a better understanding of the specifics of our russian business, and no matter what wonderful education abroad with from a fundamental theoretical point of view, it is possible there, yes, it can be divorced from our realities, so for me personally, as an employer, is russian

education there, including business education , a priority than western? well, let’s summarize what we discussed today, which means, once again, the three most in-demand specialties and professions right now are it developers, these are launch managers, managers for maintaining, developing and bringing products to market, that is, the so -called product managers and... sils, then there are sellers, where would we be without them, which means we talked about the fact that such professional competencies are important both in the digital economy and in the traditional one, and this is a general trend, regardless of what field you work in, regarding artificial intelligence, we talked and well, in my opinion , we managed to convincingly prove this, or at least argue that artificial intelligence will not replace you. in the labor market, but people who use it

and use it actively will replace it, that is, it is a tool that should be mastered, you should take a closer look now or start using it, but don’t be afraid that you will be replaced, well, it’s clear that if you lie on the sofa or on the stove, you will be replaced not only by artificial intelligence, but also by the simplest robot program, and we talked about the fact that, unfortunately or fortunately, you always need to study, because the world is changing, competencies are changing, relationships are changing, even the composition of participants in this labor market is changing, that is, people who come now, they are more flexible, they are replaceable. tend to change jobs, they tend not to build a career in one company, to a greater extent look for some applications for their efforts in different companies, you always need to learn, and for young people who are now faced with choosing their first education, well, together with sergei, we

are talking about that this is just your first education, and you shouldn’t focus directly on the choice, as if you are choosing forever. don’t be afraid to make mistakes, in the end you can always get a second, a third and further, you will have to study all your life. thanks a lot, sergey, for an interesting and informative discussion. thank you. today we talked about what professions, skills and competencies will be in demand in the near and not only in the near future. let me remind you that you can watch all episodes of the “easy money” podcast on the first channel website “1tv.ru”. hello, friends, the precious history podcast welcomes you, my name is ekaterina varkan, and today my interlocutor, viktor kulay, a poet, translator and

literary critic, we decided to talk to him about our peter the great, such as this we chose an unexpected topic, but we always have chronology. peter, even in our everyday culture, we say, but i remembered the times of peter i, so we will try, in fact, to remember. peter, the last tsar and first emperor, and he owned not only power, but a large number of crafts. by the way, he was known as the most famous broker in russia, who greatly changed the landscape of the aristocratic nobility, but besides this, he was a mechanic, and a turner, and a shoemaker, and a helmsman shipbuilder, that’s what... such a minute of his free time carved a glass of absolutely fantastic beauty, this glass is called, the glass of peter i, look what a truly magnificent thing, gold, diamonds, enamels, ruby ​​spinel, but the donor decorated the glass with all this wealth,

because peter made the glass from a walnut burl, not for for your own consumption, and... for a gift for an expensive donation, there are two inscriptions on this glass, one in russian, here it says 1709, all the handicraft of the russian emperor, the great peter alekseevich, the second in latin, it states that this the glass was carved by peter for a high gift to prince matvey petrovich gagarin. moreover, it was awarded to him in 1709 after celebrating the victory in the battle of poltava and not for the victory in the battle of poltava, but for the magnificent holiday in moscow, which was organized by prince gagaren. by the way, on july 10, on the day of saint samson, a battle took place, there was the first

victory of russian weapons, a major one, in peterhof, the most famous fountain, samson tearing the jaws of a tree. it was 25 years later, on the anniversary of anna ianovna’s twenty-fifth birthday this fountain was installed in memory of this battle and there is such great symbolism here and samson saint’s day in samson and the lion is the symbol of sweden on the coat of arms of sweden leo. these are such wonderful parallels. this means that the holiday organized by gagarin impressed peter very much and the holiday lasted 3 days. well, i must say that this is true.