charku, this cup is called, the cup of peter the great, look what a truly magnificent thing, gold-diamonds, imali, ruby ​​spinel, but the donor decorated the cup with all this wealth, because peter made the cup from a walnut burl, not for his own consumption, he made for a gift for an expensive gift, this glass has.

after celebrating the victory in the battle of poltava and not for the victory in the battle of poltava, but for the magnificent holiday in moscow, which was organized by prince gagarin. by the way, july 10 is the day of st. samson a battle took place, and there was the first victory of russian weapons, a major one, in peterhof, the most famous fountain, samson tearing the jaws of a tree, this is 25 years later on the twenty-fifth anniversary.

peter came up with an idea, for some reason no one remembers this, and everything was very interesting there, there were eight or seven triumphal gates through which troops passed, which means russians, and then these 22,000 prisoners passed through, a lot remained memories from these prisoners, they were very unhappy with all this, the russians, who around, so to speak, they naturally accompanied all these columns, threw all sorts of objects at them, but what exactly did these captured swedes want... such germans, they wanted

to walk along red square with an orchestra, but they walked without an orchestra, they wanted to walk along they passed through moscow, and were still dissatisfied with such a meeting of the muscovites, the fact is that gagarin, in principle, of course, was related to poltava as such, through him the regiments being formed went into the active army, he was practically, as they would say now, chief of the rear, and accordingly, everything prisoners also came to him, he then became one of them... in general, there is such a legend that gagarin transferred this regiment, which he polished, which means he trained it well, transferred it to siberia, where he also served as governor for some time, and even wanted to separate siberia from main russia, to become his own king and prince there, and of course, in general, probably, so to speak, peter would not always have been sympathetic to such a wonderful idea, an idea, if this legend is true.

or even honor, it was not welcomed in legal codes, but punishment, reserve or honor was not provided for at all, as if fu-fu-fu, but no, well, i think that peter still turned a blind eye to such a system, the so-called feeding, yes, that it was necessary so to speak, eat and drink, but there were no special salaries, and just who took more, who took less, but in general, at least in 1709 , we know. that prince gagarin is held in high

esteem, but in 1721 he will end the life of the hanged woman, as happened in 79, he is held in high esteem, moreover, he is even after. the story with gagarin is mysterious, because

no documents have been preserved, according to his persecution through the courts, they in general, they seem to have been erased, disappeared, there is not a single portrait. he even tried to defend him, he clung to gagarin, well, not only to him alone, but to many nobles of that time, including his serene highness the prince. menichka was grabbed by his beloved, he peter had just created the oberfiscal department, the oberfiscal, such was alexey nesterov from the common people, who hated all

these very same ones, and he honestly persecuted him, gagarin got away with it once, more there, the investigation was resumed and so on. in general, in the end it was calculated that he caused damage to the treasury of as much as 300,000-odd rubles, this is about 4% of the budget of the entire empire, but most importantly, all trade with china went through him, as through the siberian governor, three diamond rings purchased for catherine, the sovereign's wife. he pocketed it for himself, this is already disgusting, yes, i think that this is such the last straw, but there is a feeling that we had some kind of bribe-takers, covetous people, which means i don’t even understand how, it means that he pulled out this whole country of ours, but was

there even one decent person in this whole company, he himself said that i have... two hands, yakov velimovich, bruce, the right, the main hand for a person, the left oleksashka menshikov , leftist thief, it’s kind of important to replace, that is, he knew it and underrated him, as you know, yes, his serene highness, well, in general, bruce has the impression that he had not left moscow all his life, sidney was sitting in a cracker tower, was engaged in science, then it was... witchcraft, it is clear that he is the front line of work it was broader, but in principle , as such an image, let's start with the fact that bruce, here i will start, as they say from the end, yes, when peter passed away, bruce, this is the highest honor, became

the funeral director, and he did an impossible thing having lived through the unthinkable in orthodox russia, he fulfilled his will.

yes, this could already give rise to rumors about the warlock, but uh, the situation is that any scientist, he could be perceived as a warlock, otherwise... so he is a descendant of those same bruces, that is , the scottish royal house, he is related to

the ruling british royal ennasi with the erased, when there was all this quarrel in misty albinon, his father fled to russia, but essentially fled from cromville, yes, he began to serve, and bruce was terribly proud of his pedigree, but it is characteristic that... he he didn’t even make an attempt with someone in russia, he felt like a russian, but to meet, he felt like he was born there, it all started, why did peter stir up the embassy, ​​initially he thought that i would come.

the victory before poltava became possible thanks to this, including bruss himself leading artillery, for this matter, he received the order of st. andrew the first-called, he proposed a battle plan to peter, by the way, st. andrew the first-called was important to him, because st. andrew the first-called is the patron saint of not only russia, but also of scotland, and on his coat of arms he also has the st. andrew’s flag, for scotland this is relevant, but you said that he considered himself russian, so andrei pervazan, i think here... yes , but he still, no, but he was still

proud of it, this is such a type of consciousness, no , bruce did an incredible amount, bruce was the first president of burke's colleague, the first president of the collegium's manufactories, that is, he created the ministry of mineral resources, the ministry of finance, was the head of the mint, but we can state his closeness to peter in such a way that he was one of the main participants. even the caronation dish has been preserved, this is may of twenty-four, and there bruss, not just a participant, he presents peter alekseevich with a pillow with a crown, here peter is crowning a crown with a pillow, this is a very interesting one, you can just see, yes, because there church hierarchy, they stand on a platform on a raised platform, and the rest can be seen that they are lower, he is almost a head tall, he is an interesting

thing, he was tall, by the way, his left hand, komenchikov was also tall, somehow he probably appreciated this. this is an important detail, it seems to me, the sovereign beat his unborn, some not very lucky servants, especially thieves, it is known, and it went to everyone, regardless of the antiquity of the boyar family, and so on. he never raised his hand to bruce . and bruss, apparently, was the only person who spoke with him on equal terms, why i can explain, because, probably, only with bruce, the first russian encyclopedist, educator, peter could share his ideas about the structure of the state for everyone else, it was

an empty whim, it seems to me that it played a role that after all, he is a bit of a royal king, and that was also of great importance.

beat the pechenegs many times and so on and gave birth to the pure rurikovichs, the family of princes shcherbaty and the family of princes molozhsky, it is interesting to us that after the death of peter, bruce generally moved away from all affairs, that’s what it is, but he, yes, and he fulfilled his duty to his friend voluntarily, not like there, they all clung to power, to this place in the council under the empress. he himself resigned, went into some kind of voluntary exile, so he actually shut himself up on this rusk tower, where safely and yes, by the way, he had another great thing that must be said, which he proved to be a great servant of russia, he concluded a non-standard peace that put the end of the war, the northern war,

and it was like we said there, there’s a program, mr. no, here’s bruce. was the most adamant and negotiated the terms of completion, well, as favorably as possible. peter himself did not expect that he would succeed. by the way, for this he was elevated to the dignity of a count of the russian empire. you can watch all episodes of the podcast lab project on the website of the first channel 1tv.ru. we continue the conversation, this is a precious story podcast. my name is ekaterina varkan, with me is viktor kulya. we were just talking about bruce, yes, that means i know that you were inspired by this person, yes, and that you have a new poem dedicated to jacob grews? yes, there is such a poem, it is called fumium, on the coat of arms there, actually count bruce, this is his motto, which is translated from latin, which means, we were, sir, through

the smoke, tobacco, teasing, cat. mustache, take out the book, the tower will collapse, - argued the wise bruce, when the king was gone, dimmed, bruce's magic, ruffled, tired, embalmed him, passions were seething in the palace , the fair sex was hysterical, bruce rejected the temptation of power into a recluse. left, learned to live without a friend, collected too many books to count, my god, what boredom, you exist, of course, you exist, for chicks, petrov's nests, reason is more powerful than magic, there is no one to change the word with, all words with the well-fed glory

of yesterday are lightweight, hardworking is free, bruce on the dry tower, honestly embodied in a myth, not a legend, so intrigue, beckons us from under the quiet, tower collapsed, the book was not read. bye , well, i just so touchingly want to raise the glass, if someone else took care of it for alekseevich, by the way, let’s remember about the glass, which means it was turned by peter personally from a walnut burl, and peter was generally engaged in the art of turning and he had a great the number of lathes in moscow in st. petersburg are some of the best workshops in europe, and these machines were called colossi, as far as i know. i was proud that when i went to visit european sovereigns, i also gave them such ordinary gifts, yes, that means, well,

at least definitely to frederick welgem i of prussia, the pope of frederick the great, yes, who really appreciated it, the fact is that she said about donation, the highest inscription even of gifting, any snuff box there, studded with diamonds, can be sold. given as collateral, something else, and what the sovereign presented to you, made with his own hands, is already an irreplaceable thing, yes, and not only peter dabbled in this, other sovereigns also loved it, therefore the machines that , by the way, were built by bruce’s student, also a student of the same navigator school, andrei konstantinovich nartov quickly mastered this business and began making machines.

so to speak, such a grand ducal family, but in fact, on these machines there were also the carved sleighs of peter i, well, such sleighs, carnival sleighs, and also on these same machines the famous russian roller coasters were made, which are now for some reason they are called american, and peter introduced this fashion for riding roller coasters back in the 19th century, in the first half of the 19th century this was a very common treatment, and it seems to me that i know why, because the lady could not ride one only accompanied. on a sleigh, and this means sitting next to an unfamiliar lady, well , there were many such hunters and people who wanted to learn from such a wonderful master and support,

yes, you could hug and support, moreover, you could sit next to the empress or so to speak, members of the imperial family, and of course there were generally enough such masters, but it must be said that in the memoirs, although the men also did not lag behind in their memories, they mostly remember these extraordinary... absolutely rollercoasters namely women of completely different classes, well, in general, this is how peter brought russia to european flights, but it also means that in the europeanization system he had festivities of assemblies, famous for fireworks and all sorts of other entertainment, and it is known that peter danced very well, he back in lifortovo, when i was a young man, this kind of entertainment was fashionable there, these are fireworks, too, which accompanied the assemblies, this... the famous firecracker, peter has been familiar with firecrackers since childhood, because he sometimes lived in izmailovo, where he actually skated

on the ponds on the boat, peter's amusements are also known, the so-called fines with a large eagle, a cup, hence the supposed legend that a penalty means a glass, which we know, but it also went that supposedly, when someone was late, peter said that you need to drink a liter 700, this cup, but i don't think that this is true, because peter was the property. there, somehow, maybe the mentality was broken , there were some serious things being decided, which are still decided on a sober head, but maybe a little smug, well, in any case,

that means foreigners. you are watching the podcast precious stories and today we are talking with victor kule about the times of peter i. i have such a wonderful question for you, besides the russian size there is a russian question, please tell me how many scales are in one glass? well, i don’t know how you don’t know, there are two scales in one glass, in russia liquids were measured from a bucket, a 12 liter bucket, actually, again.

according to legend, it was peter who came up with the size of the bottle, and based on the bucket, it turned out that the bottle is approximately 620 g, so we divide, multiply and so on accordingly, the scale turns out to be 60 g, and the glass is 120, respectively, that is, in principle, approximate to some of our current sizes, our actual glass, this famous peter’s glass, it is also the size of a glass, that is, 120 g, that is, he understood that he cuts, so to speak, for what size and that’s why it’s exactly like that... here i want to conclude in conclusion with such a testament that in fact this is one of the acts of peter i, which did not glorify him at all, and no one talks about it he doesn’t even think about remembering, and peter, as the first emperor, is not associated with this, this is, in fact, the new year holiday beloved by all of us. peter once remarked that all those peoples from whom our orthodox faith was adopted

count their years according to their age. christmas christ on the eighth day later, that is , january from the first day, and not from the creation of the world, and after that he issued decree number 1736 on the celebration of the new year, in december 7208, on the twentieth day, the great sovereign, tsar and grand duke peter alekseevich this great and small and white russia, he said, next january, from the first of january , a new year begins, 1700, and a new hundred-year century, he told everyone. wealthy and less wealthy citizens of russia must decorate their houses with spruce, juniper and pine branches, as well as arrange various , beautiful fireworks, shoot cannons, shoot rockets, well, in general , many such russian rituals fit into the new year, yes, carnival entertainment, which means sleigh rides, fortune telling, round dances, and peter ii himself actively

participated. so to speak, they did not take root, and in general it is completely surprising, but for me , in any case, it is to perceive that neither pushkin, nor the mushroom eaters, our friends, nor lermontov, nor prince vyazimsky, and even grandfather krylov, did round dances around the christmas tree and did not receive gifts from santa claus made of red bag, the wing of santa claus himself, it turned out great, in general, in general, it’s impossible to even imagine, but if you sit down and think like that, in general

, this is the new year’s tree holiday... it began to somehow spread and establish itself only in the second half of the 19th century, all the nobility rushed to decorate the christmas trees and many rich wealthy people even decorated them with rings, necklaces, but in fact the gifts were the same as now, they gave figurines, toys, porcelain, sweets, of course, sometimes they organized a lottery who will win what, what was most valued, too, from all memories, of course, were homemade products, that is, gifts that they made themselves...

the famous diorama, this is such an amazing action, when such a film is made up of pictures with backlights, well, in general it’s impossible to tear yourself away, and he made this a diorama for hungry, poor village children from neighboring villages, since he traveled half the world, he decided to give them a trip around the world, and he sent them in this diorama, on a trip around the world, but the whole trip ended with the last a picture when they arrive home, at home... the best, and at home there is a festive new year and a christmas tree, and so the diorama ends, but besides this , the children saw it in the new year, but besides this , the children saw a real christmas tree, gifts, and we don’t know did they know that they banned the new year

, they received gifts from the christmas tree, such a wonderful story, but what about us, we celebrate the new year on january 1 in the old fashioned way, by the way, by decree of peter i, don’t forget about it, this is our favorite a holiday for all russians, the number... of the decree is known, so beloved is he himself on my own, but thanks to pyotr alekseevich, this is how we live, with which we congratulate you all, you watched the podcast precious history, my name is ekaterina varkan, my guest today is victor kule, a poet, translator and literary critic. hello, with you again the podcast deception of substances and its hosts, editor-in-chief of komsomolskaya pravda olesya nosova, endocrinologist zuhra pavlova. and today we will talk about the two most

important, probably, vitamins that we need, this is vitamin d3 omega-3 acids. zukhra, please tell me why d3 is like this here is an odious, one might say, vitamin, here. many call it a hormone, in general , what is it and why do we need to add it to food, the most important thing is that it is in food, but there is simply not very much of it in it, so it is recommended to take it additionally, but in general this is a bit of a fashionable trend, in every decade we have a new panacea, now one vitamin, then some substance , now the time has come for vitamin d3, but is it really not deserved, we don’t have any panaceas, it’s the same... the same vital substance, in general, the word vitamin, and from the word vitos , life, all vitamins are needed, without any of them some diseases, vices develop and the quality of life, of course, decreases, so somehow attribute something that does not exist.