a special problem arises: the uprising frightened catherine, the uprising frightened the russian nobility, and if we remember when pushkin tried to write, wrote yes, the history of pugachev, he was forced to rename it nicholas i, yes, write the title like this: the history of the pugachev rebellion, because the rebel had no maybe its own story. why is pushkin important here? because pushkin considered this event as one of the key events in the history of the 16th century. pushkin, of course, had a very serious historical background.

intentions, this is very curious because the idea had already arisen of going to the capital against st. petersburg, so if we summarize some individual manifestos, because there is no separate general document, but there were a lot of manifestos that pugachev distributed, so there was such a utopian idea naturally. the idea of ​​such a cossack democracy, so to speak, of a cossack state in creation. catherine generally mocked herself and called her own legislative activity law-breaking. she wrote about herself: “oh, poor woman or will die, or will complete her work." in letters to foreign correspondents, she writes, here is history, she gives this as an example, that she works a lot, how wonderfully she scribbles and scratches again. such pseudo-

irony, manifestos, decrees, and this is such self-promotion, she, of course, expected praise for her hard work, it was real hard work, and even before coming to the throne, she studied european encyclopedias, studied multi-volume historical works, drew up frameworks for herself, ready-made historical works, here are the cabinet documents preserved catherine ii, these documents really show her. incredible diligence and desire not only to reform the state machine, but to create , so to speak, a legislative building, which she largely built, which she largely did, for example, gubercheva, the country is divided, that is, in fact, there was chaos in local government , on the one hand, there were remnants even before peter’s times, peter’s decrees, there was no system, it created a system that lasted until the fall of the russian empire, in some elements even moved... in soviet times

, the country was divided into 50 governorates, well then there were 48 governorates, two provinces, moscow and st. petersburg, then paul i will rename, simply rename the governorship back to the province, as under peter, at the head administrations in moscow and st. petersburg are assigned to the regional police, each province is headed by a governor, viceroyalty, provinces are divided into... counties, at the head of the counties are captains of the directory, at the head of the cities, mayors, a whole series of county center, that is, the russian territory turned out to be lined and systematized, this is a huge job that catherine ii carried out. most of the cities, thanks to this reform, appeared in russia just under catherine, because sometimes they didn’t even exist in some. region a worthy candidate for

the regional center, she nevertheless appointed someone, and as time has shown, well, 99% of these... changes of hand, i said, on behalf of the investigative committee we are conducting an official pre-investigation check of the turbine, we are working, i finally and irrevocably understood, what's yours the boss, to put it mildly, doesn’t like me, but maybe, well, let’s sit somewhere and chat, vyacheslav mikhailovich, let’s do it,

it’s just glory for you, yesterday they called me to the css, as i understand it, they were given instructions to kill you, who i didn’t say that, in general, meet lyosha, natasha, natasha, lyosha, this is for work, would you like to meet? undercover taxi, premiere. from monday on the first. this is a historical podcast, russia's western history seesaw. today we are talking about catherine the great. we have already mentioned that she corresponded with many french thinkers and so on, and diderot, let’s say, yes, here we are... sometimes she even rewarded these various french figures for some advice and thoughts, but at the same time she was very

careful, diderot complained that many of his advice go to waste, so to speak , she listens, but does not act, although he gave her detailed... advice on a whole range of not only political issues, he was there - he recommended to her how to raise foundlings, how to teach anatomy to young girls, and so on further. catherine reacted very strongly to this sensibly, but i think she told count segur then that yes, i listened to all this with interest, but the point is that diderot deals only with paper, and i have to deal with a person, so what. she showed great caution in this case, and as for foreign policy, of course, but catherine’s era was simply brilliant in this sense, so offhand i remember only one point, or something, in her policy, which was criticized,

including by almost all subsequent emperors, this is the division of poland, because in as a result of the division of poland , a united, powerful germany emerged.

and not under the name of others, their every step is visible from the side of the kuban, and so on, navigation on the black sea is free, otherwise , if you please, argue that it is difficult for your ships to leave, it is even more difficult to enter, he also gives economic arguments,

he talks about a lot of things, including saying that, strictly speaking, the whole policy of the west is the same, they, so to speak, pursue their own interests. well, ekaterina, regarding possible protests from others european powers, primarily france, because france was then the main one. russia's rival , she said on this occasion, not without irony: how little i consider an ally, that is, i count on an ally, so little do i respect the french thunder, or better yet, the dawn, i must say that catherine’s plans to establish herself in the black sea, as it were blossomed after the karnage peace treaty, which was victorious for russia, according to which russia actually received the black sea, access to the black sea. "azov, long-suffering azov, which passed from hand to hand many times, and the first lands in the crimea, just yenikale and kerch,

and well, also the lands between the bug and the dnieper and so on, this agreement of 1774, it was then that rumyantsev shone in this war, it was then that the star of alexander vasilyevich suvorov, this agreement showed that catherine was rightfully on the throne, this foreign policy success, of course , greatly strengthened her to a significant extent." i think, saved her from the danger of a palace coup, because there were attempts at the beginning of catherine’s reign , there is khitrovsky a conspiracy, for example, against the orlovs, but which hurt catherine, and there was an attempt by the commander mirovich to put ivan vi on the throne , as a result of which he was killed, so there was danger for ian antonovich, ian antonovich, and ian antonovich, of course, after this foreign policy victory, especially after the annexation of crimea, yes, catherine, of course, strengthened her position on the throne, then she had...

so this was one of the elements of the information war of that time that was against catherine, to cover, of course, the entire catherine era we here we can’t help you with the wrong format, but... besides, we sometimes forget that the catherine era is different stages, it was a brilliant beginning, an absolutely excellent continuation of catherine’s maturity , unfortunately, a rather sad, so to speak, end of the catherine era , because here we will have to remember such a corrupt, depraved court and court, and then...

at the end of the life of the french revolution, and

the fate of rododishchego innovikovo, nevertheless, of course, catherine did a lot for russia , which is what we actually talked about today, this there was a historical podcast russia west on swings pyotr romanov and sergey solovyov, it was a historical podcast, study history with us, all episodes of the historical podcast, all episodes. historical podcast of russia-west on the swing of history.ru! i am larisa, natalya and tatyana, and our groom is alexander. alexander is 59 years old, in the nineties he divorced his fictitious wife, and 6 years ago actually, but they still consider her the closest person. alexander, director

of the health academy and sanatorium, lived in different cities of the world, but chose it as my refuge. the small town of talitsa, sverdlovsk region, warns that he is not ready to change his principles and habits, admits that his ex-wife owns part of his business and manages all his affairs. alexander will not pay attention to a lady with glasses, will not get along with a vegetarian and will not tolerate a smoking person in his house. his chosen one should excite him as a woman, be a good housewife and never challenge his leadership. hello. hello, well, to be honest, i didn’t expect it, very much so nice man. alexander and irina, how many years have you lived in total, we have lived for about 40 years, we have known each other, about 40 years, we met, how many children do you have? three, adults already, adults, yeah, the eldest son is 38, the daughter is 35 and the youngest is 25, you know, we are

of the same generation. i don’t believe in such friendship after marriage, which means that either people break up for some mutually beneficial reason, well, for example, you have a lot of movable and immovable money, then go and share it already, children, grandchildren, and how will it come ? -new with my children, half will bite off, perhaps, as a new wife, so naturally, i understand your interest, and i, well , too, i’m a woman, i also have two children, it’s very strange that... he came with his ex-wife, the feeling is that she still commands his life, and came here , so to speak, to choose a future wife for him, yes, or the feeling that the groom came with his mother, or this is some kind of sadomas, because it’s different i don’t perceive this friendship, that is, in your opinion, today a woman will come to fight for yours

heart, she should take you in a set, well , just imagine. no, look, irina, mirror the situation, a woman will come to your man, she will want to own not only his heart, body, mind, and so on, but to keep the situation under control, here you are the accountant of their family, it’s like a question the fact is that we haven’t lived together for more than 5 years, we only communicate in the business sphere, tell me specifically, do you like it?

a good woman, and he must choose it himself, he must choose a person whom he he fell in love. i don’t like the presence of ex-wives next to a man, i’m categorical about this, but i’m ready to listen to her, listen to draw my own conclusions, but you will also have to give your approval, of course, and leave forever, you know, our children are already adults, we are already grandchildren, and our relationship is simply friendly today.

can count, it is clear that you will not go with her to the zak office tomorrow, as soon as you meet, it is clear that some time will pass, she herself will want to decide all your affairs , including financial ones, well, i would like with pleasure, if someone wanted to participate in business in something, i’m all for it, because uh, why have irena and i been married for a long time, because we seem to have harmony in that we never quarreled, for example, about business and money, she should.

to a greater extent, there it’s all for the family , it’s here, it means now i’ll say, well, a large amount of land, he’s building a sanatorium here, that’s why that’s what’s here , it’s an open question, the thing is that,

in principle, divorce or marriage doesn’t matter, we we just lived together, now we fate ruined the fact that i bought everything... the novocherkassk original sanatorium has now been sold, and this is my dream, one might say, in a quiet, good place, i bought it, we live together, it doesn’t mean anything, but you have a common

business, common children , general affairs, how your relationship differs , you were already divorced, well, according to the documents, now you are also physically divorced, this is how your life is different, you are also still together, you are dating, you declare that you are close, dear people, what... number one for blood was saturated with oxygen, so that men could function and everything in the body, but do you have an age difference? no, find,

peers? irin, don’t you feel offended, well, here we are, i can talk to you like this openly, i say again, we are of the same generation, don’t you feel offended that, well, as soon as you stopped performing this stupid function. no, it’s not offensive, i’ll say that in principle we had a very good relationship, but alexander, when he was looking for the implementation of his projects, he

left for a very long time, i followed him at first, but then i just didn’t even physically i could go, i was in india, i was in the dominican republic, but i constantly have, like every woman, like a mother, problems with children, with grandchildren, plus even older business. it will already be possible to draw conclusions about him, and you use this younger person, of course , but well, we are the same age, i just had plastic surgery, so it’s like, well done, nothing...

now in this situation of mine for this role, but not even as a rival. you want a young woman, so that she has everything, wow, so that she is sexy, liberated, and then you give me impudence i read some and let me do it again, i can’t read it, what you want for a young woman is normal, it would be strange if you said you want an old woman, but i have a question, why do you need her to have had good vision, preferably without glasses, what is this for, trigeritis? no, because all older women wear glasses, well, i do regenerative medicine, and i’ll tell you that women, and not only women, few people understand what vision is, and vision is 50% of our bioenergy, a person eats , plays sports, for example, this is this.

gets up, and well, there are many such moments that i, for example, hire people who have 100% vision for work, yeah , for example, i don’t accept patients who smoke, this is my principle, i don’t wear glasses all the time, but i wear them outside when i communicate with a lot of people in society, and at home i prefer to walk without glasses, i hope

this will not be a problem when... she never even asked, but most likely for self-soothing, so no, but if you understand , irina had a ledger, then this is, by the way, a very good valerian, such a good tranquilizer and a good sedative, you think, the main thing is that this is all i have, my dear, i’m naked, bossy i won’t go around the world, but there you do what you want, that’s not true either, because we don’t have such a thing that we argued for the sake of money,

look at his eyes, he has a grip, he has an iron grip. she won’t give anything away, she won’t give up a drop, she will also take everything from him. now according to everyday habits, that is. alexander doesn’t like strangers in our house, he doesn’t like it when people dig through his dirty laundry, i understand you very well, and accordingly, it’s understandable, that all this function will give us a young wife , right, and at the same time let her also cook, because why does he also need to eat some imported food there, right, that ’s why we want a young woman, and the fact that she ’ll fall asleep in these 1.00 km, which, by the way, do not belong to her?

what she should be prepared for, because these habits of ours from childhood cannot be avoided, and it’s better to discuss everything on the shore, he is a very busy man, so the woman he loves must take this into account, that he has business in the foreground, which is a lot pays attention to business trips, always achieves his goals, so he will practically be there for her, that’s for sure, because even to prepare the laundry, although how he lives today... he can do everything himself, so she should be ready for this, she must be very attentive, well, be affectionate , well, like any woman, because it’s warm, cozy, why we’re looking for a person, why we’re looking for a woman, so that she can be there, so that he can return home, he wants it to be,

now look, if we take how would be based on the fact that a woman, a person too, yes she she also wants, like your ex... for her husband to always be there, she also wants affection, help, understanding from him, well, i don’t know, some kind of sacrifice, so that he would give up something for her, well, because well already an elderly person, she doesn’t have what it takes, we’re still talking, here’s alexander, alexander, alexander, what does she have what she has, i don’t understand yet, here she is young, beautiful, she’ll come to not...

next to him for him a new woman with whom

he just wants to sleep, he will desire her, as he once did for you, and then, when you lost your freshness, elasticity, he began to look to the side, this very moment, there was no moment as such, it’s just that if i came to this program today, it means i’m already ripe for it, they were ripe a long time ago, well, four years ago, probably, when i already realized that... he will not give up his projects, that he will travel not only to other cities, to other continents, but i simply cannot travel with him anymore, which means that ours must wait, yes, yes, i tell you, rose, wake up, come on, wake up, wake up now, because you repeat questions that already mean yes, oh, she has to sit and wait for him, and well, well, this changes things completely, so we need even younger, right, well...

such quiet hatred and revenge, it’s even

not trophies of each other’s feelings, but this is such a sadistic pleasure, no, slight sadism may be present in this, indeed, but in general, of course, we have a difficult situation today when brides must please not only the groom, but also his ex-wife, and another thing i noticed about today’s plot itself. programs: two charming people, very young-looking, who lived together for a long time and allegedly separated, came to a big city to find a woman and take her somewhere to the forest for rejuvenation experiments, this is more of a horror story, and don’t let’s get married, but tell me dear, is there any statistics on how good you can save them? relationships with exes,

44% of divorced russians claim that they have maintained good relations with their exes, 33% communicate, but the relationship is strained, and 23% are openly at odds, but this will be understandable with the first notes, when i communicate with her, does she want to accept me into her social circle, even just, as they say, to chat, drink coffee or not, or she will say that somehow she doesn’t want me... to sit next to me with this woman, we will officially sign, well , if it’s not, no, it’s necessary, because it’s like a marriage contract, so girls, don’t worry, the official marriage will be signed, i understand correctly, otherwise i’m here maybe i’m showing my own initiative here, but you’re against it, for example, this is a wedding, irina, if it happens, i think yes, for me it’s not a problem, but if for not if, but i think so, it will absolutely be for the new one...

that’s a disaster in your very mature years, your marriage may not a new one will happen, well, in principle, today i will say that...

and what did she do to herself there, with the capabilities of his wife, she could probably look much better, look more interesting, i know a lot of women 60 years old who they can afford to do a lot of things with their face, with their figure, they take advantage of it, i think it’s right, you need to do this in order to be completely interesting for your man, you see, your eyes don’t sparkle, i really feel sorry for you like a woman, but your husband... i can’t look in his direction, but i don’t care about him, i don’t it’s a pity, but i just understand that there’s some kind of injustice, it shouldn’t be this way, or maybe now brides want the same thing as you, come on, let’s get married, who will take revenge , come on, come on in, meet the first bride, are you listening to me , me, oh, irina.

alexander, even though i’m wearing glasses, i’ve already managed to get a better look at you from your side, i hope for our further communication, thank you very much , thank you, it was very nice to meet you, yulia, 43 years old, manager in a holding company providing security services, lives in krasnodar, is interested in alternative medicine. dances and vocals, is proud that she recently found her birth father, warns that she strictly monitors the diet of all household members and does not accept fast food. julia put up with the feeling of loneliness in marriage until her husband uttered a phrase that made her decide to divorce, hoping that alexander would appreciate her.

hello, hello, how pretty you are, thank you, but she has poor eyesight. what phrase was said? very banal, larisa, he said, well, who will need you, in principle, with two children, who will look at you, who will covet you, i mean , you have such a wonderful trailer from me, from one such hero, now only i am a hero your novel, look at me and admire. well, not to say that you will die under the fence, without me you will ask on the subway, there was such a hint, look at yourself, someone needs old, old probably didn’t sound at that moment, because it was still, well , he had a conscience in this regard, at least not to utter these phrases,

this phrase was enough, larisa, i really wound it up for myself i remember it by heart, i think, okay, let’s see. i went to 16 years of marriage, i agreed , and those 16 years were happy, laris, i won’t say that everything was smooth, but i won’t say that i was unhappy, no, sweet girl, dear girl, well, it’s clear that she’s a provincial, those eyebrows , look, the eyebrows are drawn out markers, permanent ones, andrey, she

actually says that she kind of takes care of herself, but in fact, well, not really, i didn’t hear any bad words from this man, you lived with your mother, and with his partner... at first , when my first child was born, we lived with her, and then we successfully acquired, or rather she, that it was a desire to live with her mother-in-law, it so happened, after our student years we had to, she helped you, but one can say, no, he i earned money myself, i most likely helped in the kitchen, apparently i was in that moment was convenient, but morally how did she bother you, no, but she made it clear that she was still the mistress of this... house, and since i am a communicative person, i understood that mom, mom is everything, and you need to be , as they say, a meek daughter-in-law, after all, this is your mother, you need to respect her, that’s how it was in my family, so the same...

so sometimes he liked to pay more attention on weekends not to me, so to speak, but to his friends, sometimes it could take up to 4 hours, up to 5 hours , i understood what was happening there fact or girlfriends, friends, friends , so sure, well, for some reason, i was probably so sure, because i knew that his priority at that moment in his life was and drinking, as they say, was the first priority for him, one thing for another, not what does not interfere, but helps. it’s just that a pure person always doesn’t allow this thought, didn’t allow it, didn’t agree

, and naturally, the husband in the kingdom of two women relaxed, well, he probably began to rub , abuse, abuse, mom probably covered it up, but he even raised his hand to you, besides, it’s terribly humiliating and it’s even was. you can say that when i started talking, i communicate adequately, i speak, but apparently, this made me so angry at a certain moment in my life, he just took me like that , carefully, and why is he grabbing me by the neck, and pressed me to the sofa, that is, shut up, little bird , stop singing here, i already know everything, i ’ve been like this the whole match, do you need a lot or something, i don’t need a lot, he crushed me like that with roses on the sofa, i thought so, but i’m like that hop, i was just scared, i was so confused, i think, like me, in principle, this is not i never felt this became the starting point after which, honestly , yes, of course, you need to run away from such a person, if

such outbursts of aggression began at all, they will only develop more later, and many people think that it only happened once and he drank there once, let 's now move straight on smoothly to be afraid, scared to the topic alexander, who is about 60 years old, who came with his ex-wife, who seems to be 20... seven, he still has everything ahead, and men are not shy about us tell the truth to your face, that we have aged , grown ugly, blurred, and so on, and we have a genetic reverence for men, we lie and exaggerate all the time, so i ’m telling you a secret, that’s how we bore you women, yes, well, because already really not in that form, so do you to us too, i swear , it’s true ros, but they don’t believe it, they think that no, no, no, no, because it was we who corrupted them so much, it was we who allowed them to do this treat yourself, listen, we have existed for 15 years, for 15 years, men, not

a single one, no, maybe a few they said, it’s normal to be the same age, even if older is better, if the groom is 23 , let’s say, then he’s about twenty-eight years old, that’s all, men who are for it, so they all come as kings, they all want to start life from scratch, you’re pleased that you’re coming through the park. you go to a restaurant, and you have a man, you just got married, and he’s already bald, what’s wrong with that? he’s bald, yes, he’s bald, you know, in men this scent of youth and youth also disappears, yes, their bodies also smell different at a certain age, as if he hygiene, but he didn’t observe it, and so on , but we never tell them about it, and they tell us, but you snore, no, otherwise our guy doesn’t snore, and then, and then we snore in general.