what should you do before you start saving? first of all, you should answer the question: why are you doing this at all, because saving is always a limitation, that is, it is a kind of constraint, it is stress, it is your own limitation, when you limit yourself, you should clearly understand the answer to the question: why? the easiest way is, well, we will not talk now about the typical coaching techniques. hang posters all over the house, write on them in large markers, although this also helps, like this it doesn't sound funny, but write it down in your notebook, yes, in your personal diary, at the end, let's say, yes, everything that i do this year, i do it for yes, in order to get a new specialty, get a new job, get a new position, grow in income and so on and so forth, and then again for what, in order to be able to live peacefully, live freely. not

to think, let's say, about money in the last week, month before salary, always have a safety cushion, that is, you should clearly to write down for yourself the positive goals of those changes for which these restrictions will be, how to correctly analyze your expenses, a very common question, here first of all the answer is very simple, you should at least... write them down for yourself, so if you, as boring, banal and tedious as it sounds, and there, well, i thought now they would say some button, there once everything will be decided, no, again, yes, we go back, there is no button, so you have to come to terms with the fact that you will write down all your expenses, so you bought a cup of coffee, you bought a pie, you came from the grocery store, wrote down the whole list, paid for i don't know the call. equipment for housing and communal services and then you

look, firstly, i tell you right away that you will be horrified by those numbers and those expenses that you make, that is, so you seem not to notice them, yes, you just think where did all the money go, yes, it seemed there were 10,000 there , where did it all go , i didn't buy anything there at all, and now it's gone, as if sand had flowed through my hands, yes, so that this does not happen, you write everything down in the most detailed way, everything accept it, accept is a bad word, but be glad that you will do this for, well, at least a year, and better yet , maybe with some strengthening all the time that you want so that during this time these changes happen to you, here is one very weighty rule that has been empirically derived among, well, i myself have personally gone through this, and many of my friends and all trainers in principle say about this, that

you can always take 10% of your income level, put it aside and not spend it, that is, here you are let's say you received a salary of 1,500 rubles, you took 1,500 rubles and put it aside, i'm specifically taking small numbers, yes, so that no one tells me, then you can take it there, it's clear that when 100 thousand 200, yes there, here's 15.00, i assure you that from 1,500 you can put aside one and a half, just put them away and forget about them, that's just insurance. learn to live without 10%, you will be very surprised how simple it is, it's really simple, a very vivid example of how, for example, to wean children from asking for toys uncontrollably, there's also something, they pressed on pity, you felt uncomfortable every time, refusals. the child has no money

and so on, allocate this amount, i actually did it myself, you allocate it to children there starting from a certain age, when they already consciously react to the refusal to buy something, you allocate a budget for them, it can be any budget, 100 rubles, 200, exactly according to your, let's say, budget, and you give this money to the children and explain that this is all their money that they can spend this month, when the children come and say: here buy me this, please, dad or mom, you say, buy it, you will be very surprised, children almost immediately go into a stupor, a block, they don’t buy, they look, think, well, yes, some kind of nonsense, i can easily do something, really, i don’t know what ’s going on in their heads, but a huge amount of unnecessary toys or entertainment junk, it’s not bought, there’s a budget, that’s it, you say, you’re already an adult, please, there’s a budget, buy it, he says, buy it, please, this, buy it. this

podcast easy money, its host mikhail khanov, and we continue our conversation with you about how to save money if there is very little of it, but in fact about how to start. transformation of yourself as a person, and your life, your goals and tasks. how to remove the approach we live once, what to do with it? for myself, at one time it was very illustrative for me to answer all these questions, and remarque in three comrades has a completely wonderful episode when the main character, patricia, she was sick with tuberculosis and she was undergoing high treatment. camp and there was one hero, well , a minor one, just as an example, when she was telling her friend, robbie, she was telling him what was going on, and there was one man, very rich, very rich, who, when he found out that he had a maximum of a year left to live, a maximum, under

the best circumstances he had a fleeting inflammation, tuberculosis spread to the second lung, and he had a year left to live, what did he do, he divided his fortune into 12 parts and actually lived to the fullest, that is, he arranged there were some concerts, performances, they went sledding, something else, some excursions, lectures, they just partied, lived and so on, in the tenth or eleventh month he had a remission, that is, he, that is, the doctors were shocked, how is this possible, he suddenly had a process there, that is , the mountain air apparently worked there, despite the negative lifestyle, maybe even some other harmful drinks worked, i don’t know, but the man was cured, he found himself in a shock situation, because that he is absolutely healthy, he was rich, but now he has spent everything, yes, it would seem, well, well, well, in 100% the situation is, well , why would i need money, and if there is a flood tomorrow,

we only live once, and especially he knew that he would die in a year, he did not die, that also happens, and he was generally in shock, he did not understand, that is, how should he live on, yes, therefore think about the fact that... now this is, you know, like the effect of alcohol, yes , now i feel good, but in the morning i will feel bad, how can i protect myself from these expenses, from this psychology, this is only your job, this is just discipline, just imagine, here's what you'll do tomorrow with this expense, remembering how much it cost, just remember this phrase, you're trying to buy yourself joy, but you're buying it for a very short period of time, if this is really an overspend that 's not in your budget right now, yes, right now here, this little piece will be good for you, and then you'll start saying, well, why did i do this, yes, it's like it wasn't really necessary, well, yes, i was happy, but not the way i wanted, and what i got

a hole in the budget, yes, it knocks me out, and i'm already all, all the joy has already passed, that is, if you want to buy yourself joy, remember that it is better. "change yourself, start earning more, change your profession, your approach, and you will receive this joy constantly, i am simply happy, let's remember again, yes, that you should go to work with joy, if not, change your job, change, and if there is no work in the region, well, then you need to change the region, once again, yes, these are the very same number of inconveniences that you are ready to bring into your life, in order to change it once and for all, well, or at least try to do it, than to sit with a sour face and say: no, well, everything is bad, yes, we remember, yes, it is impossible, because, here it is precisely necessary to cross out, change to it is possible, if here from the introductory part to our program, how to form a habit of saving money, this is also the most frequent question, but again i will be

captain obvious, just you know, start saving, a habit is formed by constant repeated actions, yes, start with simple, write down all your expenses. and at the same time, just starting from the next month, when your salary comes, just in a voluntaristic way, take 10%, put it away so far away that you won’t be able to get it, let’s say, into a bank deposit, don’t be lazy, put it away like this , so that it’s still there, preferably at some interest, so that your greed can screw you over, what do you think, and i’ll lose the interest and so on, the next block of questions, where to start again, right? what to start saving, well, and as options: a piggy bank, savings account and so on. i will say this, that now we have a completely unique, yes, let it be that very button, for the sake of which, maybe, many of us are listening, i can say that a completely unique situation, when in our country

the rate is very high, the cost of money is very high, now there are offers from banks, we traditionally do not name them. but there is an offer for 7 months to get a rate of 18% per annum, what is a rate of 18 per annum for 7 months, having put 50,000 rubles.

you can live on 100,000, well, well, if you have housing problems have been solved there, i don’t want to go into the answers there again, yeah, he said 100,000 there, you try it back and forth, but if your problems have been solved, you have a place to live, then this amount is enough to live on per month, that is, in fact, you will earn a month of life in 7 months, how much does it cost to save every month, well, i already said that you can save 10% completely painlessly, well, let’s say, you won’t feel this change much. of your budget, if there are some critical goals, then you can put aside more, yes, you can, let

's say, limit yourself in everything, yes, i live extremely ascetically, i cook for myself, you can, i think that you can save up to twenty, probably, percent of the budget, probably, a large amount will already be significant, especially if you are not alone, then your loved ones will feel this change quite sharply in... the question: are they also ready to share your aspirations for changes, for transformations? well, probably, in each situation you need to decide on this very situations and everyone must answer this question for themselves, well, i roughly named 10%, practically no one will notice, then you need to explain to everyone who is participating in this, in this transformation, why are you doing all this and how long will you have to live like this and what exactly will we lose, does the method help?

the stock exchange speculative game begins, there are when we talk about currency, these are already two, two reasons why we are trying to buy currency, this is the so-called safety cushion, currency, yes, when we have a certain amount of money is lying around, and we don't pay attention to the dollar or euro or u.s. dollar exchange rate, now... we don't believe in the stability of the economy or we believe in some change in the situation such that the ruble can depreciate, then i keep part of my savings in foreign currency, then you forget about the exchange rate, you just have currency, because you'll start torturing yourself, what's the exchange rate today, what's the rate tomorrow, if i had bought it then, if only that was it. and you 'll only torture yourself with this, that's it, you 've decided that you have, say, 100

dollars or whatever, 500 dollars, you always have it, if you are not ready to devote as much time to it as i do, for example, yes, calculating forecasts, trying to predict some movements over a long period of time, then you should not treat currency as a way to earn money, it is harmful.

view the best tool for well, i can say so, that the most in my opinion to get, to take advantage of benefits from the state for those people who pay taxes, yes, this is to get a deduction to an individual investment account and from, i will not now go into details, but in principle there are amounts, if people have several million rubles, which? need to be invested, i think that they themselves have already devoted enough time to studying this issue, if not, then well, there are amounts up to a million you can always get a tax deduction. 400,000 rubles. put on this account, and you actually get 52,000 rubles of tax deduction return to you the state will return them if you paid more taxes this year, well, that is, this amount is easy to calculate, 400,000 - it's somewhere around 30, even a little less than 33 something

33,000 rubles. if you have a salary per month, then you... some special offers for banks, yes, basically now it's cashback, that is, it's a refund, in fact, marketing campaigns for network banks or some enterprises, when you already conduct tetrads, but you will simply receive a refund, i have all the top banks there. as we say, there are red and blue, and green, they are all yellow, they all, uh, conduct similar promotions, i know, mm, financial consultants working, not just private, yes, there are some consultants there, who are doing consultations from time to time, and these are serious people working in very large investment companies, they

use certain cards, i remember, i was like, misha, you just don't understand, look at the amounts, and people are happy with the return and they are right to return 10,000 in 15, when even more significant amounts of cashback accumulate over the year with their level of spending. is the accumulation function useful by opening a family account, well, you need to look at the conditions, this is such a private question, although it is very common, indeed, now many banks make such offers, you need to look at what percentage, what cashbacks you get, i use... including in these grocery store chains there or delivery services or there cellular communications there operators often offer cashback there where in the ecosystem the operator has a bank especially it is very profitable to top up the account spend part of the money on, say, purchases using a bank yes included in the operator's ecosystem and

sometimes receive there amounts that allow you to completely pay for your mobile communications, well , in fact, we already talked about how to limit? from unnecessary expenses, i repeat, this is more a question of psychology, that is, you should, as unconventional, tedious, boring as it sounds, you should talk about it, and better yet, write it down, yes , it really helps to write it down, and with a pen on a piece of paper, and not with buttons on a gadget, it is better to write down what you will receive every minute now, what joy you are buying for yourself, i repeat again, how will you regret it tomorrow, how much is this joy for you? will be as significant as it is now, as significant as it will be for you in the morning, yes , the same method works here, as it works there with the same documents, decisions, it’s very good for him to lie down, yes, what is called to sleep with him, it’s amazing how the brain works, but here you are sitting in this process, yes, here you are sleeping, the brain is cleansed, it cleanses unnecessary emotions, unnecessary connections,

and in the morning, and better yet in a day, you look at this document with completely different eyes, what other motivational savings techniques? i assure you that if you start at least recording the first month, the second, the third, here are 3 months of daily expenses, you will already have all this sorted into blocks in the program, you will already know where you can save, what expenses are unnecessary , i assure you that you will know why i did this, this is why this expense was , therefore, in fact, the most important motivational... technique, incentive for savings, it is the following, here again i am not talking about posters, write on the back page of the diary, why this is a thing, just take it, reread it, the temptation is very great, yes, you started putting money aside, you saved up 500 rubles, a thousand, well, now i ’ll go out with friends, have a beer or something, yes, no, set yourself

a goal, yes, i’ve been living like this for six months and then i’ll make a decision, is it hard for me to live, am i ready to pay this price, yes, can i even go into this transformation, i can’t, and if you refuse this, yes, here again, everything broke down, yes, motivation didn’t work, then you need to rebuild your attitude to situations, you have to tell yourself: that's it, look , i have so much money, i live like this, yeah, i can't afford anything, well , because i'm not able to change myself, i don't have enough motivation, remember, that 's the most important thing, i don't have the motivation to change. let's say everything is fine with motivation, everything is fine with goals, we've read everything, we're doing everything, actually, what else can you specifically advise, right here and now? in order to somehow increase your income, well, the easiest way is to take advantage, to try to take advantage those communications with your own skills

in order to monetize them, talking about what you can do personally, but here is a difficult moment, you can there, for example, if you are a teacher, you can give private lessons, ae you can apply your knowledge there to help someone with car repairs, something else, well, each of you knows there millions of such... ways, if you have a hobby there, you are an excellent cook, well, start making some cakes to order for friends, as you remember before, there is someone there, too, of my generation, that many women knitted socks, hats, sweaters, beautiful ones, sold them, not to mention that they sewed dresses, there it was a whole profession, such a home-based workshop, don't put blinders on yourself, try to find the knowledge, the skills that you...

let's do it, he does everything, we won't come and say: listen, brother, you work so well, here's your salary, there's no such thing, but if you come and say, listen, in my opinion i'm worth, well, 10% more, you'll say, listen, i 've wanted to offer you something for a long time, yes, i'm sorry i didn't do it, i got caught up, yes, it's high time, here you get a 10% raise, here's another one-time bonus, you're a very valuable employee for the company, please, we want you to continue working with us, if you can't grow here, think about how you can appropriate. apply your knowledge and skills in related areas, where these skills are in demand and where you will be loved and appreciated, yes, that is, well, standard

sayings, they weren't just born out of nowhere, there 's a stone underneath, water doesn't flow, you can do it a little differently, yes, in a soft form, you can come to the manager and say, ivan ivanovich, in general, in principle, increasing my salary is possible, what should i do for this, here are what i should...

motivation, everything is really possible, and you can tell yourself the news that everything is possible, with due change at 20, at 30, at 50, and you can radically change your field of activity, if you have the desire. there is a desire, go ahead, and i really hope that our program, our conversation today, will help you at least start this transformation, and the answer once again is the most important question, how to start, start, this is the easy money podcast, mikhail was with you khanov, and today we talked about how to start saving money, how to save it if there is little, but in fact we talked about how to... change your life and how to change yourself. you can find all the episodes of the podcast "easy money" on the channel one website.

hello, dear friends, this is the podcast life of the remarkable, with you i am its host, writer alexey varlamov, and in our studio today we have two wonderful guests, the director and founder, which is very important, of the moscow design museum, alexandra sankova and an architect.

so the range of her work from a glass to this wonderful sculpture, tell me, is it true or not that this is vera mukhina's invention, well, i think it's not true, that is, it's categorically not true, you know, there are different versions of what exactly vera mukhina did, but i want to say that i understand why this legend stuck to her. yes, because she is a great sculptor, a great artist, really very talented, she led more, was the artistic director of the leningrad plant art glass, of course, under her signature, after the artistic councils, a lot of things went into production, well, because the art director, as always, even now in the modern world , also signs everything into production or into production, so there were probably glasses, and glasses for water, for wine, and there are many stories about how she tested everything herself, even

well... at the artistic council, for example, they made a glass for wine, she said: let 's pour from a decanter, let's pour some water, let's try how convenient it is to sculpt from this, by the way, you can look, yes, but - specifically about the faceted glass, it seems to me that it was a kind of journalistic canard, when there was a celebration of some anniversary of the creation of the production of faceted glass, some millions came out, so they took such a famous design object, a famous person, and somehow combined it all into such a beautiful legend, this is ... what i think, because i have never seen documents that directly confirm the authorship of veromukhina, specifically related to the faceted glass, but in fact, here i am to the legends i have great respect for you, i 'll tell you, i'm the rector of the literary institute, in our estate on tverskoy boulevard for 20 years lived, in my opinion, the greatest russian writer of the 20th century andrei platonov, there is a legend that at the end of his life, when he was in such a difficult financial situation, he worked as a janitor, this is not true, he

did not work as a janitor, but the legend is beautiful, why deny it, for example, i have a dream to put up a monument to platonov with a broom in the courtyard of the literary institute, let him sweep out all sorts of people unborn students, so it seems to me that this legend with the glass, it is so charming, and what do you think, yuri about this, well, the legend, if someone likes it, you know, let them like it, well, there is a good song, faceted glasses, but in general, let's go back to vera mokhina, i must say that i love our podcasts for this, because i discover some completely unexpected people for myself, for example, when i looked at this briefly. information about the fate of this woman, she amazed me, by god, she captured me, because that just imagine that in 1889, by the way, in the same year anna akhmatova was born, in riga, in the family of a very rich industrialist, philanthropist, a girl was born, who, it would seem, was promised a wonderful, happy life, there are loving parents, a family, but then the parents die, die, more precisely, yes, first the father, then the mother or vice versa, first the mother, then the father, yes, she moves

to feodosia, then with her... a mountain twig hurt her nose so badly that in fact she was left without a nose and had to do eight plastic surgeries to restore her face, and of course, her girlish dreams of a happy life there, about balls, dances, she loved all of this, all of this collapsed somewhere, and as i understand it, this was some kind of impetus when she...

he becomes one of the greatest medical scientists, and despite the fact that everything is difficult for them there , there were moments of threat of arrest, yes, there was some idea to leave the country at the end of the twenties, but still , they remain here and even paris did not leave her, because in paris, as we know, yes, she came with this statue of herself, that is, some absolutely amazing fate, that's what's interesting, yes, for some reason we have two guests in the studio today, that... on the one hand, a working collective farmer, yes, first of all, a working collective farmer, you said it very well, yes, you will be a worker, you will be a collective farmer, but that means, vera ignatyevna, is known, yes, as a monumental sculptor, if that's the right word, yes, and as a clothing designer, that is

, this woman had such talent, such energy, she had so much, well, probably, alexander, you will tell more, probably better about the fact that women may be more interested in everything that is connected specifically with design, the story is not about dressing well, but about the fact that such an offer was received to present new models of soviet clothing at the exhibitions of 1925 in paris, it was an exhibition of decorative art and... there were different aspects of what was presented in the soviet union, it was architecture, and graphic design and fashion, well, in general, they absolutely wanted to show everything, we amazed everyone with our constructivism and melnikov built a pavilion, and there they actually

showed all aspects of constructivism, when the whole world celebrated, they even call the art deco style, the style of 1925, because everyone either built in the national style or some...

arts that existed before the revolution, were famous, that took place, they later became important figures already in soviet art in soviet design and architecture, and of course. left over from grandmothers, grandfathers, parents, and they began to see what they could do with it, because there was nothing, there was nothing nothing new, they took a towel, took scarves, and began to work with what they had, that is, as if there was only the most ordinary canvas, the most

, like, yes, the simplest cloth, or there was a lot that was produced at that time, this is for chenille, soldiers' woolen fabric, and they began to use these very simple ones.

they invited everyone who could afford to buy a pavilion or rather land for a pavilion, everyone, everyone was invited, and how often did these exhibitions take place? well, i have not studied the special history of these exhibitions, i think, what, well, let's say. in thirty-seventh year there was an exhibition in paris, in new york there was one in what, thirty-ninth? yes, they were held quite often, they happened quite often, again they have a tradition of these expos, they have a tradition that continues now, yes, it continues now, it has been going on, in my opinion, since the middle of the 19th century, for example, this crystal palace, the so -called, it was also there in 1861 or something, yes, that was also a huge expo, actually, here is orientalism. it was opened there in paris, when at one of

such exhibitions appeared japanese art, everyone suddenly became interested in it at once, and indeed they were scattered all over the world, in america, in europe, and somehow it apparently alternated, but i again, i did not study history specifically, but this is easy of course to find out, but nevertheless it turns out that in 1925 the soviet country, where the civil war had recently ended and which was in a difficult situation, and his wife with great difficulty got away to him, because they did not want to let her out, that

is, not everyone went there, because i i understand that this was also an expense for a large delegation from us to send, therefore only those who were absolutely necessary went , well alexander, and if we return to the theme of design in mukhina's work, and what else did she do besides these wonderful costumes and this exhibition, she had very broad interests, in general she was very interested in the synthesis of arts, she was one of the first to make sculptures from glass, for example, she was interested in the material, that is, you need to adapt to it, then there will be natural forms, that is it turns out that in fact she was not a sculptor in the literal sense of the word, as an artist, as we imagine, she was a figure who, like the renaissance people, yes, a person who can work in any direction, i think that if they probably offered to do architecture, she would also have made a rather integral and some kind of confident object, because in principle she made dishes, if you look at what... they are showing you now , yes, these are her works, yes, you know, that's exactly it

i have never seen this item, but it looks like it, yes, but the other vase, she does flower vases, asters, tulips, that is , designs are not necessarily clothes, designs are anything, it can be, it can be tableware, for example, her first projects that were not realized, she made sketches, she made watches, for example, she made writing sets, and some items for the table, for writing sets, she supplemented them not ... commissions to the council and the leningrad fz, and the leningrad fz - what is it for us? the leningrad plant, the plant, she was there in the management, but in general she lived in leningrad or in moscow, in general she - as far as i understand, and lived in moscow in

leningrad, but in leningrad she had two such very serious positions, this is the artistic director of the leningrad art glass factory, and - accordingly, this is also her work, yes, yes, this is her work and she was on the artistic council of the leningrad farkhorov factory, she is also interested in these works of hers, which she did at krasnolfz, because she chose clothes for her very carefully sculptures. and when there were reliefs and volumetric sculptures, she looked at how they would be exactly, so that it would be, firstly, logical, yes for the character, secondly, so that it would be harmonious with the character itself, so that she thought that the clothes would complement, complement the image, she researched a lot, that is, all her works, they were based on pre-project research, for example, before ... she made glass, she studied the archives of the russian museum, everything that was connected with

glass and the hermitage, that is, in fact, here now in the modern world designers work exactly like this, before making some project, well any project, not only a designer, an architect, yes, all the people involved in design, who are engaged in this activity, they first of all look, follow everything in this direction, that is, she did not have a purely creative interest, but she really wanted to do - the life of every soviet person is better, so that they have some normal dishes, and... normal objects in the interior, of course, it was difficult, but at least everything that she could, she did. dear friends, we continue our conversation about vera mukhina and... my guests are the founder of the moscow design museum and the director of this museum alexandra sankova and the architect artist yuri avakumov, well, what happens is that this woman, yes, who made these nice things that are so necessary in everyday life, and which would seem so far from any ideology in general, yes, this woman,

probably already to you then, yes, let's pass on yuri, she creates this absolutely amazing project, which has become... in paris , a competition was announced for a very difficult section of the soviet union, and it seems that more than one competition was announced, but in general, a commissioned competition was attended by architects like the same milnikov or the same shchusev, and he bypassed them, he bypassed them, he really had, even if you look at it with today's eyes,

he really had the best project, even better than melnikov's, even better, better, better, shchusev generally did a rather banal thing, melnikov, yes melnikov. did it as if too much, as was rightly considered, too original, and iofan succeeded of course a great thing, and it also turned out to be fashionable, he just had such a beautiful art deco, and at the same time, you can say in a few words for dark people, such a style is very much, on the one hand, industrial and all built on such a kind of barked movement, therefore, in time, there is a knockdown, a stepped knockdown, and in this pavilion, in particular, all this form stretches, as if it was filmed in slow motion, it all delaminated, and at the same time this style is a power in these corrugated suitcases, in

clothes it manifested itself in all sorts of corrugations, pleats and so on, this is the style of this, well, i don’t know. aerodynamics too, and how is it literally translated from french art deco, art and decorative, and deco , decorative, yeah, well, and the site was really difficult, because we got, although we bought a large site, it was above the highway, so the only thing that could be done was to make it very long, firstly, that is, it was 160 meters or so, very narrow, literally 20 m, it turned into such a... panfilade of exhibition spaces, that is, people entered from one side and exited there from the tail of this pavilion, there at the top, at the culmination point, iofan started a sculpture, and he imagined a certain sculpture, a two-figure composition, he had some of his own examples of this from

greece, there, tyrant fighters, let's say, and then for this sculpture, already at the request, let's say, according to iofan's technical assignment, a competition was announced among sculptors and they also participated the best there are like shadr, who , by the way, also studied with mukhina under bourdelle, yeah, and that is, in general, yes, it is important to emphasize that mukhina studied in paris, and actually mukhina won and that's it, it is one of the best sculptures of the 20th century, so if you compare it in its genre, in the genre of monumental sculpture, compare it, roughly speaking, with the statue of liberty, then in general it certainly wins. this is our statue of liberty, only better, well, it is different, although if i had to compare mukhina with someone, then i would rather turn to bartholde, here is the author of the statue of liberty, i will allow myself to make a very short connection between the classical figure, which we know in particular in

the image of the vitruvian man.