a huge chunk of life to work through by myself, i just try to talk to the audience, some people like it, some don't, you know, they say, our whole life is a game, well, for someone the game becomes life, and the day went out, and the night lit up the lights, and it became sad, but i'll tell you everything, and my life was black and white, and colored, it happened

too, i was lucky, i always lived as best i could, i tried to distinguish truth from falsehood, thank god, i was not alone, together with you i grew older, we grew older on mistakes of luck, but about ki and good luck will be again, we have become older and it cannot be otherwise, but we have not yet become older in love, but we have not yet become older in love.

hello, dear friends, this is the podcast life of the remarkable, with you i am, its host writer alexey varlamov, my guests today are the great-granddaughter and great-great-granddaughter of leo tolstoy, marta albertini and fekla tolstaya. we will talk about the fate of the fat in the 20th century. marta is my father's second cousin, but you know, we... family you have been in our companies many times, we somehow do not consider it, we are still counting generations, and so auntie auntie, how did you meet and when, we met 30 years ago in paris, i was lucky enough to get to martin's eightieth birthday, which was some time ago, we were in italy in the beautiful estate of albertinia torimpietro, and marta started telling me about how she would like to get to know her russian roots better, i started saying: "marta, well, come to russia."

marta, are you tired, no, no, why not, come on, of course, come on, marta is delightful, simply, simply wonderful, but no merit, i just like that. probably, it’s such a mixture of slavic and latin blood, it’s, i think, an explosive mixture, how has your life changed after you

spent quite a lot of time in russia, learned a lot about your mother, about your grandmother, what you lacked in childhood in your youth.

in yasnaya polyana, who else remembered childhood in yasnaya polyana, to collect their memories, so that their impressions of previous generations somehow remain with us. i want to say that this work of marta’s, it’s very important, because it’s not a scientific book, it’s very an emotional story about the fate of a family against the backdrop of the fate of the country and about the great love for russia. this book reminded me of this bestseller by pavel bosinsky.

battait le cœur avec contrition, il se, il se, il voulait se se faire pardonner à lui-même allot allots ces erreurs, allots les...

families and we criticized lev nikolayevich a little from a female point of view, yes, that

he was wrong, yes, but it is very interesting, it seems to me that i hear from foreign fat people, when they say, olviy nikolayevich is freer, or something, in the sense in the sense of like this from grandfather, great-grandfather and so on, they do not have this aspiration, as it seems that we have a figure, starting from the school bench, here he is in portrait.

and he told mom, you are worse than wild. dear friends, this is the podcast life of the remarkable, with you i, its host writer alexey varlamov, and today we are talking with the great-granddaughter of leo tolstoy, marta albertini, we are talking about her fate, about her family, about how their lives turned out, why they were forced

to leave russia in the 20th century, why they returned here, and you are a great-granddaughter.

why am i so energetic and full of life, because i was lucky. that i lived a good

life, in general, now i am 87 years old and i have survived cancer, but i feel great. i am very happy that i can do what i like.

to tolstoy, you are such simple, accessible people, i don’t know what he was like in communication, they say that he was also a very simple person, many different memories have been preserved, but you are right, of course, a colossus of a seasoned man and a great man, what was instilled in us at school, a mirror of the russian revolution, all sorts of other cliches that exist, because i think blok said there, the cheerful name pushkin, but no one said the cheerful name tolstoy, somehow it doesn't really fit, although i think that there was some kind of daring in his life, in his works. some kind of such daring, there was a lot of daring, yes, there was a lot, it's really cool, and i think that you are of course lucky,

yes, to be the heirs of this person, of this family and what happiness for you to deal with these letters, these archives, because really your book is true for me, i have read many different books, i have written many books documentaries, i've done a lot of things, in general, i consider myself to be an expert in this area, but what you've done, what you've dug into, you've seen these destinies against the backdrop of time, how wonderfully it's shown, but these two lines are very, very different and i really understand marta, who always remembers sofya andreyevna, who did a lot for the tolstoy museums, was the director of the united tolstoy museums, saved them during the war, and what struck you in those archives that we...

i need to know who chose football, who chose tennis, it doesn't really matter, but that's our life. and i'm not ashamed, well that's how it is,

lev nikolai?

you see, if he offers money, then they recognize their wine, and therefore mine, and in our yard the season is interrupted, on sunday on the first, there is a questionnaire that proust asked his guests, it turns out, there is a questionnaire that tatyana lvovna asked her friends, girlfriends, relatives, and

there, among other things, yes there were.

conversation, for your frankness, so be it martha, my dear, thank you very much for this , we talked and talked, but unfortunately, our time is limited, in any case we will always be

glad to see you, thank you again for the book, i have already said so much, i think that is enough, i need to leave something for next time, and for you too. for that, thank you very much, thank you, thank you very much, i am very grateful to martha that she came, in my opinion, in my opinion, this is...

vous savez, il a été lu par le fils ou le petit fils de pasternak en angleterre, pasternak's grandson in england. i love french and also italian french.

and marta albertini, respectively, the great-great-granddaughter and great-granddaughter of leo tolstoy. oh, and i also want to say, dear friends, that the full version of our podcast will definitely be on the website of the first channel 1tv.ru in our social networks.

hello, with you is the podcast schrödinger's cat and i am its host grigory tarasevich, editor-in-chief of the popular science magazine schrödinger's cat. and today we will talk about gold, a little about how valuable, wonderful, beautiful it is, and about how to find it. and our guests today are geologists, olga yakubovich, professor at st. petersburg university, research fellow at the institute of geology. geochronology to cambrian eran, hello, hello, and pavel selevanov, head of the department at the central research geological prospecting institute for non-ferrous and precious metals, what a complicated name, but gold is a noble metal, yes, yes, look, let's talk about gold from the very beginning, where did it come from in the universe, if i'm not mistaken, it was originally believed that it supernova explosions, only they could have generated gold, then astrophysicists considered that even...

well, the modern scientific paradigm, we don't know, in fact, how it was, that gold , elements of mass close to gold, appeared as a result of the collision of neutron stars, then this substance somehow got into the protosolar nebula, which gave rise to the solar system, including the planet earth, that is, in every piece of gold, for example, in a wedding ring there are traces of a completely monstrous event, like a collision of neutron stars, okay, formed somewhere far away? far away this phenomenon called gold, it got

to the place where the solar system was going to appear, what happened next, how did gold get to the earth? well, it is believed that the formation of all the planets in the solar system took place as a result of a process that is scientifically called accretion, this is when small particles under the influence of gravitational interaction begin to stick together to form a critical mass that is enough to... the particles heated up so much that the chemical elements separated , roughly like in a blast furnace. when we smelt metal, slag, some gases are separated, actually, that's the analogy of this process, it happened on earth 4.5 billion years ago, as a result of it we got an iron core, a kind of mantle, the earth's crust, which can actually be imagined as a slag, and the atmosphere - these are the products of degassing, the mantle, well, roughly speaking, everything

heavy sank, easily rose to the top, yes, and how did the gold end up on the surface, which we... how? well, it didn't all sink, that is, this separation process is imperfect, most of the gold apparently really did sink, because if you take this undifferentiated substance of chondrites, then the order of content there is an order of magnitude, that is, 10 or maybe more times greater than the concentration of gold in the earth's crust on average, that is, meteorites brought us a lot of gold, yes, this substance, it gathered, this protoplanetary substance gave birth to the earth. although there really is a version, that during the late meteorite bombardment there was a repeated enrichment of the upper geospheres with gold, well, and other heavy metals, including platinoids, i don’t know, i can just explain, just yes , this bombardment, it is considered to have happened

approximately 3.9 billion years ago, that is , if the earth was 4.5 billion years ago, then there , practically after 500-600 million. therefore, we need to somehow figure out how it happened that not all the gold and not all the platinum sank into the center of the earth, we are looking for models that could just like this somehow explain it, today we will talk to you in the mode of such a funnel, here we started with the universe, narrowed down to the earth for all its

years of existence, let's now move on to where gold came from on the territory of russia, here is what is the origin of those deposits that are there krasno... yarskina, kolymyachik, where we have gold, everywhere, everywhere, as the great scientist vernadsky said, in every drop of water the entire periodic table is dissolved, therefore gold is not only on your finger, there is some amount of it in organism, but vanishingly small, and another thing is that the areas of gold concentration, yes, they are quite specific, this is the area... where there were such events as collisions, folding events or magmatic activations and where hydrothermal processes were active, which are called processes involving highly superheated waters, which just transport gold well

, among other things. well, in simple terms, where there are mountains and where there are volcanoes, there is mainly gold, well, or where there were volcanoes. siberia , of course, is not erupting much now, but once yes or, for example, the kola peninsula, there are the most ancient rocks, once there were mountains there, but they have long been cut off, the last time they were cut off by a glacier, and there are no mountains there anymore, when all this happened, that is, when gold deposits began to form on our territory, here are the earliest deposits that exist, they belong to such a period as the orhei, this is about... 2.5 billion years and a little older than the very early deposits, here is the moment of the formation of the earth, they do not exist, that is, the earliest start around 2.5-3 billion years, in fact these are rich ores, and because they reflect very unusual conditions that were then on the earth, on the earth...