from home with bacterial pneumonia, which is most likely pneumococcus, with a high probability this pneumococcus is sensitive to some specific antibiotics, and i prescribe these antibiotics because i have no time to wait, it was not for nothing that he came to me in intensive care, he is already so bad that he already needs to be treated in the intensive care unit, expecting that according to the results of my colleagues who are researching these topics there i don’t know in the population. these are microbiologists, this is

some kind of microbiological service that looks at who is what among us, who is what among us, and in specific regions there is a different picture, sensitivity to antibiotics, accordingly, these people come directly, no one has ever approached me with an offer to donate microbes, or it’s just that when we take some tests , they send them to the lab, tests are taken, well, again , this patient was admitted, yes, before prescribing antibiotics, i got from him... some biological environment or he spat sputum into a petri dish, or the patient is so severe that i was forced insert an intubation tube and i took out this macrota from there with a special device, a barchoscope, before i started treating with antibiotics, i will still take a culture of the medium , but you say, you talk about common sense, i was sick with covid twice, but not seriously, thank god, but a doctor simply came to my home, prescribed antibiotics, he did not take anything from me, the doctor ... who prescribed

antibiotics for covid, he did not treat you and not even covid, i call this treating the doctor, he treated the fear in the lower abdomen, his own fear, yes to him, no, he was very scared for you, that's it, but i'm not making this up, after all, the doctors prescribed antibiotics, yes, yes, that was some idea, in general, at first it seemed to them also common sense, common sense suggested that a viral infection cannot but weaken the human body. and if it swathes the human body, then the bacteria living in us or present in the environment will attack these affected lungs in this context, there will be a terrible bacterial pneumonia, from which the patient will die, therefore, in order that this did not happen, you need to give him an antibiotic, well, for example, the widespread use of azithermetic during the pandemic, led to the fact that it was not even enough at one time in pharmacies and ...

in china, it is multiply resistant to zethermetic, fortunately, azithermetic does not work on this mycoplasma yet, so we did not really pour the enemy of azethromycin on patients and it remains for now. well, the consumer, i am the consumer in this case, that is, a doctor comes, a person with a diploma, prescribes antibiotics, to me, i, i need to ask him why, i need in both, in any case, and what should i do then, argue, i need to, because he might drive me into a coffin this way, no, well, he won't drive you into a coffin, well, if something else happens later, i'll get into this strategically wrong decision, tactically it won't kill you, it won't drive you into a coffin, but strategically.

drink antibiotics, drink antibiotics for a viral infection, yes, but in pharmacies the decision is wrong strategically wrong antibiotics can be bought without a prescription, yes , well, now only on the sly, it's him just kind or she is a kind person or this is a violation of the law or or i am kind, but in fact of course it is not good, that is, he is bringing us all under the monastery by doing this, well , the pharmacist who does this, unfortunately yes, this is not a popular measure, but without a strict prescription...

strict regulation, but of course, there is , you know, there is labeling on food, there is on meat, yes, that it was grown without antibiotics, as i understand it, that many of the agricultural products that we consume. i don’t know, maybe the cows are sick or something else why, antibiotics are there too, this is a sad story, actually, over-the-counter sale of antibiotics in pharmacies is such a small fraction that contributes to the resistance of bacteria to antibiotics, the main thing is of course agriculture - they get sick because animals, chickens, get sick or whoever gets sick, it's not about illnesses, actually, antibiotics are our american partners who once found this - a beautiful idea, if you inject a cow with an antibiotic, it gains weight faster, that is, meat, again, the economy, there will be meat cheaper, then, probably, meat becomes cheaper, there is more of it because you inject antibiotics, and they also get prescriptions, where do they get them from, the whole sad thing is that

antibiotics are used in the agricultural industry, uh, which are needed in medicine, for example, there is such an antibiotic colestin, for now it is the main reserve against... bacterial infections, colestin will not help him, the more you use an antibiotic, the more resistance to it, an antibiotic is like an atomic bomb for... it kills everyone or is it not an atomic bomb, but there are also beneficial microbes, yes , that means it's not just about beneficial microbes, that means look, the thing is that we almost never

use such high-precision weapons against antibiotics now, this is the so-called against microbes, against microbes, yes, i said, and these are the so-called bacteriophages, that's a separate story, what is it, they sell them in pharmacies, i know, those that are sold are not very effective for... there are certain reasons, so we have to select combinations of antibiotics for now, taking into account that they perhaps enhance each other's effect, and then we are back where we are, where we came from, that new antibiotics are needed, while they are being invented, we need to develop strategies when we will not kill the bacteria that lives in us, that is, we will somehow learn to help, that is, there will only be antibiotics that kill bad microbes. it does not work on good ones, there will be antibiotics that limit the pathogenicity of bacteria, that is, its pathogenicity, that is, ideally, it should remain with us to live, a non-rotten stick, but just not to kill us, in general it is not science fiction, you understand, a doctor, he is not a scientist,

a doctor, he is a consumer, i can only say that i would like to, but how to do this, i do not know, i do not have enough biological knowledge, i do not have enough chemical knowledge, and you communicate with scientists, with russian scientists, i understand that there is a demand, you really need it, and most importantly, patients need it, yes, we communicate, now there are several developments, for example, at the same gomaleya institute, uh, if they are trying to bring to the market an antibiotic such as vtortesian, uh, it has certain prospects, but it is also not a magic bullet, uh, actually, that will solve everything, that is why some spectrum is needed here anyway, the development of new antibiotics should simply be supported only by some state grants. money and, well, what is called, will. where do microbes resistant to antibiotics come from, why do antibiotics not work? we are talking about this and many other things today in the badin baden podcast with sergei vasilyevich

tsarenko, chief resuscitator of the russian ministry of health. is there any understanding of the percentage in which cases an antibiotic works, what percentage of bacteria are resistant? 5%.

it doesn't make sense, you say that in patients who can't be helped, now it's 5 dash 10% due to antibiotic resistance, on the other hand, you say that the mortality rate of pneumonia is 30-40, that's a big gap. and this mortality rate is due to the fact that antibiotics don't work, right, did i understand? look, here we're talking about different naseological groups, different groups of patients, for example, patients with viral pneumonia, these were patients are extremely seriously ill, have been lying for a long time, this is one, there simply aren't that many patients, now in general, in the proportion of this kind of patient, he fell, thank god, that's why i say that the approximate estimate for such a patient, who can't be helped by every tenth. but it can all come back, the bacteria can become sensitive again, or it

shouldn't, they will always be resistant now and we won't have anything to do with it, you know, i don't really understand how each other will become sensitive again, but they well, earlier, earlier at some wonderful time there was some golden age of antibiotics, when microbes were sensitive to antibiotics, i understood that they became resistant, well, and thanks in particular to your doctors, well, and people who are engaged in agriculture and those who buy from... animation or his personality, with the volume and breadth of his work, with the scale of his ideas,

you are constantly faced with the feeling that it cannot fit into you entirely, yeah, and you always have the feeling that you are dealing with something similar, i don't know about a gothic cathedral, which you can never see in its entirety, but only see one part, one aspect, one of the famous writers noted about goethe's literary heritage, goethe is not a writer, but a whole literature, and the same can really be said about these universal aspirations that manifested themselves in his personal biography, which are no less symbolic than what was actually created, here about universalism, it is still very interesting, yes, that fair, apparently, such a definition, but usually, when we talk about universal personalities, we remember the gods of the renaissance, and in general, it is somehow accepted to believe that they remained there, and goethe really, as it seems to me, stands out, yes, from his time in this sense, but still, if we draw this parallel, what is the difference between universalism? i don’t know from the universalism of leonardo, for example, what do you think? i will say, from the point of view of literature,

first of all, universalism lies in the fact that he very accurately captured these spiritual vibrations in the german enlightenment, it was not only a rational approach, but it was also an approach in some sense esoteric supersensible, because what he created in his every work is also a spiritual picture of the world, werther, yes, this is a tribute to sentimentalism, welgel meister. yes, this is a tribute to secret societies, because the german enlightenment, it is very different, i do not think that colleagues will object to me, from the enlightenment in other countries, after all , the universalism of the enlightenment era lies in the fact that almost every such feature he tried to master the literary and somehow convey it in his own way, whether it was sentimental werther, this beautiful soul, or welgel-meister, where he discovered an absolutely stunning side of german literature, the age of enlightenment, this side is practically not considered in our textbooks, it is called novels about

secret societies, german enlighteners were engaged in the exact sciences and constantly dreamed of, if i may say so, something secret, in goethe welgel-meister, as you remember, especially his second part of wanderings, the society of the tower some strange turesellschaft, this is an absolute analogy to freemasonry itself own master. and master velgel meister - this is just the name, and such novels schiller had an unfinished visionary, jean paul had a novel, an invisible lodge called, that is, it was such a very interesting movement, and goethe constantly as if connected here from my point of view this empirical approach, sensual, supersensible, very rational. maybe it is also worth noting, that the figure of goethe himself, he is always in a field of tension between these two poles, and of such

a scale, and his political, his such an artist of cosmopolitan philosophical views, yes, they seem to strive to overcome these frameworks, throughout, as it were, history, perception all the time, he moves.

that's what we know, probably, yes, we don't have a problem, as there, say, with the historical socrates, yes, here the situation is still somewhat simpler, or are there some pitfalls stereotypes that do not correspond in reality, you know, goethe had this interesting feature throughout his life, he was constantly changing not only externally, but in his inner spiritual essence, he has a beautiful poem called parabasa, like an appeal of the coryphaeus to the choir or to the audience, where there is a beautiful quartet.

everywhere in goethe's works, in poetry, in prose, the personality of the poet flickers all the time. goethe seems to be somewhere nearby in the text with us all the time, and in order to understand him, you need, of course, to know his biography very well. but egerman says that he was always the same , always different. that's what it's about. in fact , there is a mystery in goethe, it seems to me

, it is connected not least with the fact that goethe himself, he was imbued with a general consciousness of his significance, his poetic mission, that is, he was an artist who was aware of the special nature of his position and consciously dealt with it somehow, he , of course, was very concerned about what his image would be in the eyes of descendants, he did some things quite purposefully in his life pushed into the shadows, in goethe there is always this amazing feeling, on the one hand , of the constant reproduction of distance, he understands that, as it were, ahead of him is... his image and he somehow quite consciously deals with this image, this, by the way, played a big role in his literary biography, because he is a poet who consciously deals with the media conditions that exist for the perception of his work, consciously deals with them somehow, on the other hand, we always understand that despite this distance, in goethe

some secret impulse is constantly being discovered, which nevertheless comes out, that's when we talk all the time, does it mean that he... returning from italy is such a revolution in goethe's worldview. returning from italy is the period of discovery of the primordial plant. in general, absolutely unique things. only now we are beginning to approach what germination and pro...

there is one way or another a myth, a myth, wow, a living person, around him this mobile mythologem arises, and i think that here almost all biographers write about

the same thing, that at a young age he writes in a letter to his sister cornelia, he writes, if i have a genius, then everything will turn out fine, this is the feeling, not the genius of loki, this is the very thing that was called zheni, that which accompanies a person, some kind of innate history, this is... goethe knew how to build his life, this, by the way, is also absolutely an educational story. let's remember karamzin, let's remember lotman's book, the creation of karamzin, when a person creates himself, and from here we can again to throw a wonderful bridge to that genre of the bildungsroman, which goethe has, the novel of formation, the novel of education, and this is not only education, bildung in german is formation, education, the emergence of culture even for kant - this is still culture, he actually does not use culture here, but the fact that ... goethe considered himself in general as, perhaps, perhaps, such an ideal archetype of a poet, this is probably quite, quite possible, once upon a time i was amazed, even scared, that i was in kant in the german edition

found the term intellectus architipus, he has it, we thought that only, well, i at least thought that only jung came up with this word, no, it existed in antiquity, of course, but kant also, don't tell me only about men, that they fall in love, one of the most beautiful... women of the soviet screen, she always gave the impression of a socialite, a woman who is surrounded by the care and love of her famous men, but it turns out that the impression is deceptive, men have always been afraid of me, and my husbands had no influence on me, get away from someone else's husband's wife, how basov reacted to your pregnancy, disappeared, who accompanied you in the maternity hospital, i don't know, his assistants, everyone pitied me in the maternity hospital, how valentina left ladimira and... what the director wrote in the statement to the court, filed for alimony, why didn't you take the children with you, where, just motherly, yes, you now want to ask me where i put the money,

valentina titova's confession, a cuckoo mother or a victim of love, can a beautiful woman or an actress to be happy at all, no one can stand it when a person is hunting only for you, a knife in his hand, exclusive with dmitry borisov, premiere on saturday. well yes, a fatal disease in fact and at the end of his life, having survived another tragedy, this is the morinbad story, which resulted in the marinbad legion, the

ghetto was absolutely buttoned up, when it actually happened that lotta kesnar, who was his lover during werther's time, came to visit him in the early twenties, she did not see completely poetic, she saw the minister, buttoned up to the brim, a man who communicates very coldly. oh, i'm afraid we won't have enough of a program on all the topics, i really want, dear friends, to touch on the topic of religiosity, religion, at least a little bit, yes, because there are, well, of course, such stereotypical, cliched assessments, there he is a pantheist, a pagan and so on, there is evidence of his absolutely, well, i can't say it any other way, christian soul and christian behavior, concern for people there, moreover, which he absolutely does not advertised and so on and so forth, so how can we approach this question? you know, i always quote his own famous words, yes, that is, from a letter to jacob, and he says there that, given the versatility of my nature, one way

of thinking is not enough for me.

798, when schelling was 23 years old and had just received a chair in jena, and in general it was only a short distance from jena, about five hours by carriage, yes, and throughout his entire life he maintained very interesting relationships with schelling, and what concerning this kind of goethe's religiosity, i have two such thoughts on this account, but the first one, it is absolutely such, i would say , maybe mystical, esoteric, but goethe in some sense became, maybe himself...

should perish there in the underworld, nothing like that, but the most interesting thing begins further, here we are throwing a bridge to science: 2018, i, out of an old soviet habit, buy the magazine science and life, in this science magazine science and life i read an article by academician mikhail arkadyevich ostrovsky, who has been studying human vision, the eye, all his life, academician ostrovsky writes there that at the end of the eighties his team

discovered a special protein in the human eye called rhodopsin, which, in response to incoming light quanta, organizes a response light from the eye, and thus, further i quote verbatim: nature has created a living biophotomultiplier in the human eye. goethe, without a microscope, guessed this at the beginning of the 19th century, i think that what was said empirically about the spirit of god, this is for those who do not believe. sooner or later confirmed by science, that 's my feeling and the answer to here, but although of course the relationship with christianity, like any genius they were very complicated, the relationship was very, very really so confusing, there is a statement of the self-made man that is difficult to translate into russian, yes he says: i obviously, this is just in a dispute with the lafator, yes they are famous, i am not an anti-christian. yes and not

not a christian together, but not a christian separately, yes, that means, it is clear that he is especially worried about the christian picture of the world, he is especially worried about this teaching about eternal torment, then yes, of course, he distances himself, so to speak, from all kinds of church forms of religiosity, yes, we don't know much, in fact, about his individual religious life, it's quite closed, well, but it's obvious that he shares in this regard...

which really are of interest today, there are things that in general have remained in the history of science and do not represent scientific value today, so where does this interest come from, from this peering into nature? well , it seems to me that many different things have come together here

different lines yes his his fate, on the one hand, as i already said, of course his studies are natural science, they are inextricably linked with his, well with his public service, yes with his professional activity, therefore he is involved. in collecting, yes, that means, a significant part of the house collection, the house museum, the nafraunplan is a natural science collection, yes, minerals, yes, herbariums and so on, yes, on the one hand, on the other hand, of course, this is such an attempt to find, as it were, new access to nature, in which it would be possible combine all the advantages of scientific, strictly scientific thinking with openness to contemplation, which is so important for an artist? energy, so it is very significant that he is in various fields, yes, and this

is really optics, and botany, meteorology, geology, so, well, accordingly, anatomy, yes, anatomy, comparative anatomy, actually his first significant such. goethe is one thing, everything that is inside you will find in the outside. and today i am addressing myself again, to modern literature, to modern philosophy, in a unique way this is confirmed. in 1975, benoit mandelbrod invented the fractality of the universe. and this does not

mean that he invented it somewhere empirically from somewhere. he spied it in nature. and this similarity of things, the great similarity, it is amazingly present in goethe. for the first time, articles appeared, for example, about goethe's doctrine of sound, he studied music, corresponded with his friend zelter, a musicologist and composer, a very famous berliner, and studied the nature of the impact of sound on a person, sound, from light, and i want to say in this regard, probably, well this idea lies on the surface, but it explains a lot to us in goethe's scientific approach, he always remained a poet, he always remained describing the movement. clouds describing the effect of color, it sounds strange today, what i created in the doctrine of color is worth everything that i wrote as a poet, this is the greatest book, nature itself can envy me, god himself, although

in some other place he complains that he wasted a lot of energy on something that is not the main thing, by the main thing, as i understand it, i mean poetry, the main thing is that it is faust, you see, there is really no escape from it, but faust contains a huge number of things, that 's what... his double, you see, because goethe himself constantly strove for this knowledge, knowledge not only of himself, but also of what is around him, and faust is absolutely, of course, not a medieval mystic, he is absolutely a character of the age of enlightenment, and there is also a very interesting quote, shortly before his death.