in this case, not a treatment in this particular product, maybe we are not talking about treatment, but simply improving the condition, that is, this is a means of great money about big money, let's look at the slide, this is one of the fastest growing markets in general, in principle, its total volume is estimated at about 164 billion dollars for the twenty-second year, here is our country, well, all of asia is yellow, this means that we with this means that we consume dietary supplements on average, not enough, let's say, not enough. and if we look at where they consume the most, in high-income countries, that is, it is clearly connected with each other, when people have extra money, they can be offered this, well, and some say that in countries, let's say, the golden billion, people live longer, maybe it does not cure them, but makes their life better, about them more attractive, but when we start to evaluate life expectancy and other things, for example, in 2019 in the united states they specially conducted such a study.

studies confirming that what is said is true? well, let's put it this way, if we'll look at the next slide, then yes, we 'll really see that in our country everything is pretty good, and there is a clear growth in sales of dietary supplements, and if we look at the next slide, we'll see that even during the pandemic, that is, when all the people were sitting at home and not going anywhere, the only sector that grew a little was dietary supplements, that is, look, all the others are in the red. practically pharmacy sales,

i mean, and dietary supplements, they even remained in the plus a little, but here too it 's hard to say what this means, here's zinc, about which we have already said a little bit, zinc was definitely prescribed in some form, yes it was prescribed, but in the end it turned out that it does not work, it was probably a dietary supplement or it was a medicine, yes, well, you understand that there are both, both dietary supplements and medicines, that is, it often happens that, they say that dietary supplements are an alternative to pharma, well, i would not say so. the fact is that out of the four largest producers of dietary supplements, two are pure pharma, big pharma, and the biggest, there is simply nowhere else, and one simple reason, if this is sold if there is a demand for it, accordingly they will not miss out on benefits, they will be on the same line where they produced medicines, they will also produce dietary supplements, well, just a little from other substances, it turns out cheaper, and it does not require as many control points as with medicines, it is not required. the next random control,

that is, when the medicine has entered the market, it will then be checked, but they at least about the checks, that is, the bat at least should be harmless, right, yes from the point of of view, that is, you are a toxicologist, he must , someone must put a stamp that it is normal, yes, yes, absolutely right, that is, we must evaluate this, including the nutrition research institute, that is, there are three main requirements there, so that there are no toxins, so that there are no pathogenic microflora and so that there are no radionuclides, and the requirement?

with the disease or to prevent diabetes, there is no such thing now, but, but then this is some kind of organized way of taking money from the population, it turns out that someone is simply taking away these huge amounts, unfortunately, so, yes, but look, dietary supplements are a kind of tax on ignorance, on the unwillingness to really get some information to evaluate, we always believe in miracles, yes, that is, no one has canceled magical thinking, it works great for the overwhelming majority of the population, dietary supplements are exactly that very miracle, why is it... positioned as natural, and therefore useful, it is positioned as mild, that is, medicine is heavy artillery, a dietary supplement acts very gently at some molecular level, cellular, and you haven't developed a disease yet, but the cell has already decided that you will get sick, and what's good about dietary supplements as a purely marketing tool is that you can invent a disease, say, i don't know, there's bad ecology around, so i need, for example, to protect myself, but most often...

of course, this is done either by some social network gurus, either nutritionists or preventologists, they call themselves by different names, but they most often recommend to people, for example, take 50 parameters of analysis there. i will evaluate it for you this analysis i will tell you what is wrong with you and what dietary supplements should be used to correct it? they say: well, look, for example, your ferritin is at the lower limit, that's it, that means you definitely need to take iron, otherwise everything will go down and it will be bad, or so it means that there is no disease yet, but there is a premonition of it, yes, they talk about omega 3, for example, yes, this is an unsaturated fat, as i understand it, yes, and it is necessary, probably, and we need iron and probably, there is some concept of the norm, so, so, so, if i want to be in the center, well, maybe not the very top, but in the center, and i see that i am 30% off the norm, what is stopping me from taking this omega 3? look, the thing is that people are all different and for some reason alternative doctors usually talk about this, yes, they say that official

medicine can't do this, but here we say, please, we are all different, that is why there is such a wide range of tests, yes, that is, we take some reference values ​​and there, well, there really can be differences by tens of times. this is the badden baden podcast, we are talking about the benefits or harm or uselessness of biologically active additives, toxicologist alexey vodovozov helps us to understand this. what should be done to take dietary supplements correctly? but you don’t need

to take them, that is, the correct attitude towards them is that you should preferably avoid them. and you walk down the street without security, and these representatives of this lobby should probably follow you around.

risk, yes, in some cases this increase is such that you need to do something, for example, go to an oncologist twice a year, well, that’s a classic case, isn’t it here so? no, dietary supplements in this sense will not help at all, precisely because once again, it is food, it is a food product that does not, that is, it is obliged not to work as a medicine, and then what to do, that is, omega-3 is useful, you do not seem to say that it is harmful, yes, and iron is also some vitamins. but where to get them then? food, these are nutrients, these are the substances that we are adapted, as an organism that has evolved for a very long time, to extract from food products, we are tuned to this, and you must judge by the state health, that is, if you eat you do not have

consequences in the form of diseases, right now, let's say, for a short period of time, then you are doing everything right, we can get nutrients from a huge number of products. that's why someone comes up with some kind of diet, for example, but if there are no radical restrictions, say, completely completely refuse carbohydrates or dairy products at all, there are vegetarians, for example, yes, yes, well, again , there are different vegetarians, there are those who also eat dairy products eats, fish and so on, that is, yes we can, especially an adult organism, it has incredible adaptive capabilities, but wait, if nutritionists give us scientific, scientifically based recommendations about what should be in our diet, and for some reason we either cannot follow their advice, or simply do not know what we eat, we eat, as god puts it on our soul, some instant noodles , yes, then naturally, it would seem , to use dietary supplements precisely as additives in order to actually follow recommendations of those same nutritionists and

bring all this to some kind of condition, to the norm. this is a very common misconception, which is really such, well, an apparent confirmation that we really... we eat poorly, so we need dietary supplements, no, if we eat poorly, we need to change our diet, that is , we do not compensate for those imbalances that occur with improper nutrition with any magic pill from the outside.

gain shawarma or something else like that, that is, something like that, and at the same time it seems that with the help of dietary supplements i will be able to continue doing what i love to do and correct potential negative effects, this goes like , you know, great, this is exactly what they play on, but this is wrong, that is, we will not be able to correct the harm caused by incorrect nutrition with the help of dietary supplements, we need to correct nutrition, and all specialists talk about this, normal ones adequately, well, and on the other hand ... here is also a rumor that earlier in my grandmother's garden there was an apple - this apple consisted entirely of

vitamin q and milk was also different, now it's all plastic or god forgive me, gmo, in general, that's why we need dietary supplements to compensate for all this disgrace that's on store shelves, yes, i also had to read something like that, in 2011 , scientific american published a column in which the author very freely interpreted the results. previous studies of 1997 and 2003, this column was taken as a basis, that is, since about 2011 , this story has been going around that everything is bad, we have there is nothing left there, however, if we do as science journalists usually do, that is, we go not to the column, to the sources he refers to, we start reading what was there, here on the slide we can now look at the first part of the table, one of these studies, in it it is 1997. it compared food crops, agricultural crops, which were in the thirties, accordingly we have

collections, there are data, there are other things, that is, we can calculate it, well look, red became red in the eighties worse, in the twenties of the 21st century, as i understand it, if they extrapolate, it became a complete nightmare, we are not obliged to extrapolate this, the thing is that you understand, this means that we have iron, iron is nothing, yes, look, when we look at the difference, then 24.9 and 20. this is of course statistically significant, but on the other hand, this is not an eight-fold difference, well, 20%, so i will finish it off, yes, we look at the same thing for magnesium, for example, for iron it has grown in general, for copper, well yes, here for copper it has grown almost three times, as if on the one hand, on the on the other hand, it is unrealistic to arrange a copper deficiency in your diet, it is in everything, in everything that moves, then sodium, there is less of it, so this is good, we have today. the concept of getting rid of sodium in our diet, that is, we reduce the amount of salt consumed in terms of sodium, and

if such products are already immediately, we can call them cardio products, it turns out that they are good for the heart, well, that's not all, maybe there are other situations, let's look at the next slide, and more numbers, look here, there is more potassium, more phosphorus, and we even understand why, yes, because fertilizer is used, accordingly, the plants receive more of these very elements. if you look at the general, the goal, the whole picture, somewhere it has become more, and somewhere less, that is, it is not that everyone is bad, because this is such a study, and there are studies specifically on agricultural crops, that is, where more, and where less, yes, indeed, let's say, carrots have even become better, beets have become better, so it may be that they mix there, for example, flour is added to flour now, but what wasn't there before, well, in principle, probably not flour, salt. salt, they add b9 to flour, that is, folic acid, fortification, well, you never know what

else they add, well, we know for sure that they add, after all, in the overwhelming majority of cases, in particular, the case of additives, but these are additives legalized by the state, which we all eat, and what's more, there is such an evidence base for this, that is, this is the position of the world health organization on the basis of a huge the amount of epidemiological data, well, we even know about b9. vitamin, and if vitamin b9 is added to bread, food, then it is no longer necessary to take it at all, yes , that is, this deficiency is removed for us, and this is mainly the same. after all, iodine preparations should be yes, but this should be prescribed by a doctor, standardized, what is the big problem

with dietary supplements, they are not standardized, you can add anything you want to them, anything you want, they do not require compliance. from what is stated there, maybe, let's say, 25%, and maybe 4,500, medications can have side effects, vitamins, you also said that, in fact, when used in excess, there can also be some , we know four hypervitaminoses, yes, what is vitaminosis? this means a disease that is caused by excessive consumption of vitamins. you can just buy them at the pharmacy, eat your fill and you will have it, and what are these four, four vitamins, four are a, d, b6, b3, and if you overdo it on any of them or a combination of them, you will have some severe effects, yes, for example, very good, yes, it will be a disease, that is, toxic hepatitis is very well known, which is caused by an overdose of vitamin a,

for example, in the natural environment it is found in northern peoples who, out of ignorance, for example, eat the liver of a polar bear. or the liver of a seal, it contains an incredible amount of vitamin a in them, and if a person eats it, for him this dose will be lethal, we will get, that is, lethal by insufficient, yes, lethal outcomes, and as you can see, in this four there are two water-soluble, two fat-soluble, that is here it is not necessary that they will be very quickly excreted from us, that is, vitamin a can really be overeaten worries, if you can take care of your health yourself, by the way, this also applies to vitamin d, only there will be a little bit different, the liver will not immediately fall off, our vitamin d affects calcium metabolism, so what will happen is that there will be a lot of calcium in the blood, it will be dumped into the surrounding tissues, that is, there will be calcification of blood vessels, calcification of connective tissue and other things, all problems with the cardiovascular system, yes , that's right, that is, when we i even

saw that people are recommended doses of vitamin d 50 thousand 100,000 international. while the recommended, specifically preventive, which is highly not recommended to go beyond it, there is something from 800 to a thousand, and after two thousand there may already be some toxic effect. this is the badden baden podcast, we talk about the benefits or harm or uselessness of biologically active additives, toxicologist alexey vodovozov helps us figure this out. i to the end i didn't understand the difference between vitamins and dietary supplements, but when you talk about the recommended dose, vitamins are also contained in food, right, that is, this is the recommended dose above a certain standard that we get from normal food, or is it just the entire standard, the thing is that in this alimentary way, that is, through the mouth, we can only create problems for ourselves with vitamin a, that is, if we eat the liver

of a polar bear, we will get problems, in all other cases we simply will not eat that much, we will not be able to shove it into ourselves so much to harm ourselves, and because we can’t take it with food, we can with this tasty pill, this is a very important thing, that is, we can achieve toxic doses with the help of pure substances, but we cannot physically, it will be a bucket, so to speak, we simply won’t be able to cram so much, and here there is, of course, another very unpleasant moment associated with dietary supplements, since this is a gray market all over the world, it is very difficult to regulate, this is not a medicine, what they do, for example, the signal party, it declares: to rospotrebnadzor, it is important, this is our food agency, not a drug agency, rospotrebnadzor, they evaluate it, everything is fine, after this, never again , then on this path of dietary supplements, during their time of existence on the market, they will not selectively check them, but drugs will be, this is the name, this is a specific one, well, i named it , made a bat, named it somehow, it passed through rospotrebnadzor, the grass doesn’t grow further, yes, that’s absolutely right, that is, you

received a registration certificate and goodbye, and some negative side effects effects of using dietary supplements can be in connection with this, well, as you understand, this is such an illogical thing, like dietary supplements are food, food in theory cannot harm us, but at least in the short term, and dietary supplements cause side effects, this is known, this is what it is estimated for, yes, approximately, well, it is clear, that is, according to rough estimates, this is about 26 thousand per year, for example, in the united states, we did not count, the americans really like to count all this, but how can you say that this is specifically from the dietary supplement, it could be from something else. the person still has anamnesis, what exactly he did, and there is a fairly clear connection, that is, he did not take a dietary supplement, everything was fine with him, he started taking it and complaints immediately appeared, and they appear quickly. immediately literally the next day of taking it, that is , it is unlikely that this is an accident, yes, there may be coincidences, but we can show it, find out, prove it, etc., but most often,

what else is done, that is, such a dietary supplement is taken to a chemical analytical laboratory, and we disperse it on chromatographs, on other interesting devices, and we find out that in addition to the declared composition, there are active medicinal substances, they are mixed in there, mixed in on purpose, right? effect, he can stop taking it, because the food cannot work, yes, that is, a person takes a dietary supplement, and he does not feel it precisely so that dietary supplements work, well, why should i drink this, i don’t understand anything, maybe something has changed inside at the cellular level, but i don’t feel it, an effect is needed so that a person feels the effect, again in everything in the world they mix in various pharmacological substances, namely medicinal ones, and when they start to analyze. you can't just give it like that, it's just a violation of all possible laws yes, absolutely right, it's dangerous, because contraindications should be taken into account doses, and doses are not taken into account in dietary supplements, that

is, they pour in there as god puts it on their soul, as they say yes, when toxicologists conduct research all over the world, then the hair just moves, they add, for example, laxatives there, they add diuretics there, they add corticosteroids, these are hormones that everyone is afraid of for some reason, they are terrible, scary, but here's the thing...

that's exactly what they do, that is, they conduct it on a cell culture and say: look, if it works on cells, then it will work, because if this, that is , it doesn't work like that with drugs, working on cells for a drug is the very first stage of research, absolutely.

in the early 2000s, it was a nightmare, a horror, a lot of advertising programs were on the radio, for example, in newspapers they advertised with terrible force that you will be able to give up insulin, take our dietary supplement, or we came up with this dietary supplement, but we want to help people faster, so we will not register it as a medicine, let's start taking it right away , everyone will be healthy, that's how it was, such a bacchanal finally succeeded in it was very difficult of course to push all this there, so to speak, but in the end they adjusted it.

fell through marketplaces, there are people who, for example, in the same social networks give out referral codes, well, naturally, they put up a bunch of diagnoses by avatars for other things, and they say: take 20-30 dietary supplements, no, well, that's just some kind of horror, so everything else is about the same, that is, it turns out like this, we are throwing anxiety into people, we say, look, everyone is sick, or they say that everyone is clogged, up to their ears, whatever that means... and in this way you will

carry out disease prevention. slag. no one showed what they look like, in fact, this is the first, second, well, look, yes, there really is some effect there, due to those very additives, that is, when we mix in a laxative, for example, and a diuretic, then a person will generally have a rejection of all sorts of natural fluids, and he will think that this is cleansing, that is, for such things they mix in, to show that it works, but unfortunately, it is unpredictably very dangerous. and what i want to finish on some kind of positive note, but what to do, because what you are telling, well, it is terrible, in fact, well, what to do, get all the necessary nutrients from food, on today it is very real, that is , there is nothing complicated about it, there is still a huge amount of nutrients we need, well , when they say that now there is nothing in vegetables, wait, there is at least fiber, at least, they all

consist of it.

slow down simply by adjusting the diet and changing physical activity, even at the first stage we can take it very strongly , you don’t need to take pills, i would like to finish, maybe you know the figure, you showed the market, how much on average russian family spends on dietary supplements per year, well , all in all, if you count, well, i can't say right now, but a large amount of money, an unreasonably large amount, look, if we recalculate all the same for food, that is , you can simply save money. go eat well and more pleasantly, thank you very much, this was the baden baden podcast, i am its host konstantin severinov, today we talked with toxicologist alexey vodovozov about biologically active additives, that is, dietary supplements.

hello, this is the podcast lab ask surkova. today my guests are evgeniya gin and petr pavel surkov, specialists in tris. today we have a painful topic, it worries every parent. what is a phone, is it evil or useful and how to build a healthy relationship with gadgets. evgeniya, i want to start by telling you that your child is 10 years old and he does not have a phone. how did you live to such a life? but here it will be correct and honest to say that he has a tablet that lives at home, yes, that is, constant connections that he has with him, he does not have, and i i just don't see it, you were just talking about harm or benefit, we as triz specialists know that there is always harm and benefit in everything, it is important to weigh what is more in a specific situation, of course there is benefit from a phone, however, when we talk about small children of pre-school

age, and maybe even a little older, you and i know that children, at least at 10 years old they look like adults, only smaller, but from the point of view of the maturation of their brain, thinking, volitional functions, they are not like that yet, they are much worse at managing all this, and the phone is a crazy temptation, and if we give it, here it is always in the pocket, then the child should be just a superman, so that with this with a tablet, what kind of relationship do you have , what kind of a substitution is this, also a gadget, and also a gadget. yes, at the same time, he has had it for a long time, and here, of course, the question of forming habits, i generally really like the topic of habits, habits of thinking, there are habits of behavior, yes, because they really help to build our life, there was a habit of content that the child consumes, since childhood these were not cartoons, this there was popular science, and i myself just love all this educational, and the child was also accustomed to it, and noach pop, you have to digest it, that is, you can’t watch

lectures all day, and at the same time, yeah. there is no parental control there, of any kind, i don’t go in, i don’t look at the viewing history, and there are periods when he switches from noach pop to cartoons, but again it seems to me. that it is very important for a parent to have a close connection with a child, a conversation, to discuss, and we don’t lecture the child with noach pop, now i’m telling you there, you've overdone my screen time, yes, and we're just walking and talking about what 's going on now, and what are the alternatives, and what are the advantages, if you consume a lot, and what can you do besides that, and here planning really helps, my son and i, i once asked him what i associate with you, and well, you have to. that at that moment i was sitting at my desk, the context of the situation is important, and he told me that you associate me with your little pieces of paper, stickers on which you put yourself you write a to-do list all the time, that's true, that is, i also have everything in electronic form, but what i write down for the day on pieces of paper,

my son and i also plan every day when we walk home from school what we will do, and you know, a gadget has become a very simple way to keep yourself busy, you don't have to strain yourself, so to come up with something like a jump rope, a ball , draw something there, do something else, play sports, and you have to strain yourself a little, in fact, for modern children a gadget is a lot of things, it is a currency, a way communication, a way to be in a company, in society, not to fall out of it, of course, but it is a very simple way to occupy yourself, well, that is , it plugs into any hole, and if we have a habit of plugging any hole, then it is like gas, it fills all the space that we have, yes all.

i listened to who wrote what to whom there, what who forwarded, i sit and think where to run, well, i discussed this with her this morning, i can’t pick up the phone for 20 minutes, these are the terms of the agreement, they are all fulfilled, but i really want

to offer her another time to spend, not this is nonsense, what can i replace it with, offer me a solution to this complex inventive parenting problem, well, this is exactly the specific triz problem: there should be a phone, there should not be a phone, or that problem containing a contradiction, that is, something should be and something should not be, at the same time, well, already in the contradiction itself there is part of the answers, part of the solution, that is, there should be a phone for the fact that because they promised, because the contract was kept and there should not be a phone, so that there is no wasted time, that is, both and other, that is, leave her chats and offer something else, or i don’t quite understand, let’s even, i would narrow it down a little here for.

such a moment that we are looking for an environment for our child, communication depends very much on the environment, and there is an environment in which no matter how wonderful, personally our child is, he will discuss everything that you don’t like, he will swear, he will be well there and so on, because well, that’s how it’s accepted, these are the laws of this society, i will also add, since we moved from the topic of the telephone, our contradiction, we moved on communication, then we can narrow it down even more, here here here here is a specific specific contradiction.

everything is already happening this mixing, that they are transferring the chat to real life, this is the first experience of mixing these lives, virtual and real, and it can be traumatic for children in many ways, but from you i want some unique solutions, maybe exercises, maybe games, maybe initiatives to resolve conflicts in these chats or even establish rules, that is, as psychologists we say, so the children came, said, we will write a list of rules, we write them and we will follow them, but surely it is possible to do it in some non-standard way,

suggest what you have in three with pedagogy on this topic that is interesting, first of all, if you think that someone is breaking the rules, ask others, these rules should be accepted in society, a cucumber, in order to become salty, it must be put in brine, in the same way a child, in order to become well-mannered, he must be brought up, well, accordingly, show him certain examples, in this case, if we ... again we are talking about chats and everything else, it is necessary for the child to be not only in his own chat at school, but also to be present somewhere in other chats, where there is an example of how people communicate, how issues are resolved, a very important clarification, because zhenya yes, she brought in an absolutely sound idea, i am all for the fact that the child should see that his parents are friends and how he communicates with them and what happens, but this is different, because friends are here at the table, and ... in chats the child does not see, maybe we do the same thing there, it is scary

to imagine, when, by the way, a good idea, think about where you can add your child to a family chat, if you don't have one, create one, ask in this family chat for his opinion on some absolutely basic topics, for example, what to cook for dinner today, so that he sees that his opinion is important, well, yes, that he is not just a spectator, yes, zhenya, what do you have in your three pedagogy, about communication in chats, all this, it's really cool here, i also thought. here is a subsystem tool, yes, others, when we have other chats, or from the same chat, you say, there is one who bullies, there is another who breaks the rules, and you can offer it to your child, and invite not all classmates there, but some, yes, make your own chat with them too, that is, do not leave, of course, this is a product of conflict, everyone will find out about it right away, someone will find out, someone will not find out, and let them make their own chats interesting, do not say that i invited my friends, and i invited those who are interested in football, yeah right.

one of the children of the boy, the mother says, and he screwed up something there, did something wrong, she tells him: weekend without a phone, weekend you will read a book, a good punishment, yes, and my son and i go, and i tell him, what do you think, what did the boy feel, what did his mother feel, and what do you think, this is such a punishment,

what are the pros and cons, that is, again, i do not pose a dilemma of bad and good, here in tris there is a wonderful game, well, tris teachers even more so, it helps... we can take an object, candy, a phone, what is good about it, what is bad about it, and there is also a cool version of this games, when we take some situation, name some situation, here is an obviously bad one, a child smokes, for example, a child smokes, what is good about it, nothing, no, this answer is not accepted, well, what is good about it, he will get a negative experience and will not want to do it. maybe, but what exactly is good about it? learn from your mistakes, here about the future, i want to say, because we hope, this is a very distant story, of course, yes, that is, we never know what will happen, here at the very beginning you talked about non-standard approach, this is where it develops, you can play this with

your children, and accordingly, returning to the topic of punishment, deprivation of the phone, if we use it, the phone becomes.

to put it mildly, that we came up with this game for you, because it is necessary for the parent to be a little bit ahead in this situation. in psychology there is a similar methodology, it is called projective methods, and sometimes it can be a little easier, because in adolescence, if we can offer small children drawings, modeling, fairy tales therapeutic, teenagers respond well to therapeutic stories or as they sometimes call therapeutic tales, that that guy who smoked, everything fell off for him. everything became bad, let's decide, look at it from different sides and discuss what can be offered to this family, and how it was possible to act differently, and here it is very important, when we tell a child that life has fallen apart and so on, to ask, why do you think that this teenager is doing this, after all, children very often have

a need to talk about this, to ask their questions, if they know that we will not accept it, that we only look at it from one side, they will never tell us this... they will never tell us this, we will be able to work through it together. and we continue, today our guests are evgeniya gin and petr pavel surkov, and we are discussing whether a child needs a phone? very often from children, at any age, especially before the first grade in the first grade, as soon as school appears, you can hear an argument that is very difficult for parents to cope with. a child comes and says: but everyone has one. the parent so, the crown. is slipping, oh my god, i'm a bad parent, what should i do, it seems i'm against it, and i don't want to, i understand everything, and all the wounds, i don't want to be a bad parent, i want to be a good one, so what, suggest, do you have any ideas, the father of a large number of children and 300 specialists, well first, you can give this phone a try with...