at that time, the second director was letting go, letting go of the doves, and since his paws were tied, he began to rise with his wings, and he began to rise and hit me on the sets, this was also filmed, grandiosely, the most cruel moment in this is that all this was washed away, that's how cruelly you treated this picture, because everything there - all the newspapers, all the reviews were monstrous, how can you mock a man, and in his underwear, and this film is now 40 years old and ... they look and look and look, and out of the 120 films in which you starred, which is your most my favorite, not 120, that's with roles, with roles, 40 roles in the theater and 80 roles in cinema, and these are roles, roles, just 120 roles, what is your personal favorite film, the enchanted wanderer, because liskov, a classic, yeah, and we also experienced a lot with this picture, a lot, and we went through such suffering, we have a fragment, let's see. come on, come on ivan

flyagin, yeah, my people, my people, whatever i did to you, whatever i gave you, my soul, put it in, so that they could see what kind of soul you have, and don't amuse yourself with lies, guys, i ask you to keep one of my brotherly commandments, do not lie to the wind, oh, do not lie. there is great harm in this, harm, and do not put your feet on each other, what will come of you, look, you should serve your homeland like an altar, but now everyone trades in grace like cloth, never mind, let foreign lands stand in praise, ours and the haikoi will be strong, god, according to the judgment of those who love, dedicate the ignoramus and forgive

the depraved blind man his cruelty. this is a podcast 20 years later, and today we congratulate my father, the people's artist of the russian federation, on his eightieth birthday federation, alexander yakolevich mikhailov. of course, for me a very dear picture, belochnik of russia the script was written based on the work of kotov alexander kotonov, grandmaster, champion of russia. he wrote the script then black and white, it is called. this is wonderful, i do not know how he played, this is a touch to a unique personality, a genius of chess, of all times of peoples, alexandrovich alekhine, this is something, this is how they chose such bald spots for you, yes they shaved, shaved, they did it there, all this was, you learned to play chess, to play chess, you learned, oh, it's a long story, kostya, should i tell you, yeah, well, go ahead, maybe it's not that long, but it's an interesting story,

they say i'm there, there were a lot of candidates, they say i'm from saratov, an unknown, little-known actor, that's what they wanted, vyshinsky was filming, we had an amazing cameraman, sergei vronsky, such a lively, powerful, strong cameraman, and kotov, alexander sach kotov comes up to me and says, sasha, do you play chess, i blush and say, no, i don't play chess, i play checkers, no, i don't play chess, i play checkers, no, i know there e2 e4, there's like... the elephant goes down, and to create combinations, he got so upset, he speaks in such a way, understandably, and left me, and there was one scene, one scene where my hero, we were filming this scene in budapest then, we were filming it in hungary and he has to play two parts with one hand, for himself, this, this, and he has to play the pikes here, here in his hands, he put them here exactly and developed them, a long story, i 'll tell you more later. when they showed this

material, kotov comes up to me and he says: why did you lie to me? i say, why in what sense? well, literally, you play chess, right? i say: this is my secret, acting, i convinced you and this is my victory, this is a profession, nothing can be done about it, really, you played not only positive characters, but also negative ones, i remember, one, one film i was in, well, i remember two, it was the tv series investigation , experts. you played there, with natasha gundareva, yes, with gundareva, yes, well, this is a children's leper, he stole paint there, a little bit of red, well, yes, a little bit, yes, there the phrase was amazing, he says, why, he says, you became like this, a little thing, a healthy man, everything, he says, i once saw my wife washing these chickens on the board, washing clothes, and i gave you my word that i would do something like that, so he stole little by little. from the finale he says well,

probably, she will not wait for me, and also a black raven, there is clearly a negative character, well, not quite, well, yes, there is a sheklo, well, you can understand him, of course, a guest character came.

yeah, so he looked at me for a long time, i had two big scenes in this film, it was in hungary he was, he was filming in paris he was not, in hungary and in the moscow pavilion, and he was looking at this, then i returned from france, where they were filming on the alexander monastery.

that's all, we lived in an apartment consisting of three rooms there was a little room there and it was a dormitory of the yermalovsky theater moment.

such an atmosphere, it was volodya menshova, love and doves, they were hooligans, fantasizing, laughing, it was fantastic, i know that you had experience as a director, this is the moment when you got tired to be dependent, i wanted to manage on the set myself, what was it, it was yes, it

was amazing it was such a difficult time, the nineties to even 1999, ninety -second year, that's how it goes, and i became friends with andrey razumovsky i knew such a producer an interesting guy a smart guy and he comes to me grandfather we met he says listen i have a good script and there is no director maybe you can try i say well let's read it somehow i i say i'm not a director of course hardly well he says va still try i read the script to me in basically liked it but there was a lot of something so feminine a lot of masculine little beginning and then finds out that they wrote a script

that it was a successful picture, but there is one small detail, this film was watched by lesha rybnikov, the composer, yeah look, and he says, your first picture is this...

olya, do you like giving gifts? you have a rare opportunity to give me a gift. what kind? make a date. we are meeting at lena's today. i'm afraid not, i don't like this beaumont. but i don't even know. i know. tomorrow we're going hunting. together. never. i can't stand senseless murders. after all , hunting is also a passion, a sport mixed with

edges, okay, we'll decide on the spot, tomorrow at 10, we agreed, do you want to repeat the director's experience, i would like a lot, something held me back after all... that they poured slop on me, and i can't force myself, i want to remember another iconic picture, this is zmeilov, lyubov polischuk was lyuba, yes , i had two, two films, lyuba resh, i don't remember the name, zmelov, she played, wonderful, with pleasure, come on, you on what floor do you live on, the second, she lived on the third, i knew she was a good, reliable person, but i left, there is nothing more precious in life than a reliable person, vera, all women are reliable, you will make us hopeless, and then watch out, you are not

telling us everything, i will tell you more, now everything will go to frankness, look, our palace, it is good, good, but there are good scenes, two amazing scenes with belokhvostikova, a very powerful scene, when vadik derbinev was filming there, well done, he is good, he was a former cameraman, very beautiful filmed, and my hero comes there with flowers, buys flowers, and comes there, sleeps, his nurse, who treated him, and lies here in bed, he looks and admires her, falls in love with this plasticity, amazing, then... pasha, marry me, pause,

says, i'll take it, i'm this one, nothing special, laconic, but everything was there, i'm amazed by the music, beauty, i'm loved, one of my favorite pictures, yes guys, a good picture, good, also a long story, i somehow didn't really believe in this story, and i... well, something like that, i think, it's all made up, dogs, yes, not just a dog, but children, not relatives, and i had some other scripts that i liked more, it was almost approved, leonida babich's spark, spark, which was especially distinguished each day, she was filming something with her husband kochatkov, there was something else there, she convinced me with her kind of trepidation. "i beg you, well, try, i beg you, try, i started trying, not even

trying, introduced me to the author of the script, yeah, and he wrote about himself, and i only had to sit with her for about 15 minutes, talk, i remember then i came, i said, let me sign the contract, i signed the contract and did not regret it, it was a very good process, a difficult process, not easy, it was not just there, but there was also'. irochka ivanova, this irina, just such an irina, some strange eyes, it turns out that she had her own drama there, god bless and health irina now she is, she is connected with the police, there and then, she became an officer of the ministry of internal affairs, she did not want to, yes, but she did not want to be an actress, there were a lot of offers, this it was great of course, but she

just played her organic, why are her eyes so sad, because she... either mom and dad broke up, yeah, that's it, that 's the story, there was a scene, they take the cow away, and they say, irochka, you know, she's a city girl, and well, they take her away, they take her away, you should be crying here, this is already without the cow, this is poorer, poorer, this is the cow - this is the basis, the basis in life, well, let her drive like this and nothing works out, she wants everything, then he says to the cameraman, let me now i'll come up and tell you...

good friends to support you, to be a good friend to you, reliable, and of course, many years, i love you, slust, thank you, mutually, father, come on, people 's artist of the russian federation, alexander mikhailov in the podcast 20 years later, let's hug, and of course, with pleasure, come on, come on, ah,

hello, i am pilot cosmonaut anton shkaperov, this is a podcast space stories. october 4 is the annual day of the russian space forces. this holiday is dedicated to the launch of the world's first artificial satellite of the earth on october 4, 1957. this event opened the annals of the cosmonaut. including the military one. today we will talk about why this event became a truly worldwide sensation and how the soviet union became the first country to conquer space. my guests are nikolai leonidovich semenov, an honored tester of space technology, a man who witnessed the launch of the first artificial satellite of the earth, the launch of the first man into space, yuri alekseyevich gagarin,

as well as marina andreyevna malyutina, director russian state archive of scientific and technical documentation. hello, nikolay leonidovich, before you tell us what happened on october 4 , 1957, i would like to know what preceded this event. man has long dreamed of visiting space, or at least sending a message, because great ancient scientists were engaged in this and only this dream began to come true when real motors appeared, because they did not understand then that muscular. man is not enough for this, and how did events happen in our country? very simple: so, after the war we are forced to create a long-range missile and as a result we got this missile not only to respond to those people who want to bother us, but also to use it for outer

space, it turned out to be the r7 missile, before that they tested shorter-range missiles. the action of the r1, r2, r3, r4 missile, it did not enter, here is the r5 - a good missile, which is 1,200 km, but when it was necessary to create a missile for a range of about 8-10 thousand, then this testing ground was no good, the route ran through the industrial areas of the southern urals and as a result of an accident, and this is a common thing during initial launches, during the development of a rocket, so they began to look for places. they found this place in the area of ​​the tyuratam station, next to the railway, the route runs through the deserted fields of kazakhstan, up to the already crossed.

that its energy is enough to launch an artificial satellite of the earth, of course, then everything was switched to design and preparation for the launch at the test site, how did you yourself get to the cosmodrome? so the older generation ended the war, the personnel who worked on katyushas on the famous, guards mortars, began to work on new jet technology, at the proving ground, yar they worked there, after graduating. leningrad artillery preparatory school in fifty-second year, i was without exams, was selected by the commission of the higher military artillery engineering school in rostov, where

future missilemen were trained. having graduated in fifty-sixth year with a diploma of military engineer-porotechnics, i was just appointed to a position in the department of data processing of proving ground measurements. so i got into fifty sixth year in october. to the testing ground, and what did you do? i got into a very intellectual department, the department of data processing, telemetry and trajectory measurements, by which the state of all on-board systems of the rocket's external trajectory flight was determined, that is, how it goes along the trajectory, moreover, at that time there were two control systems, an autonomous system, which was being developed by pelyugin and a radio engineering system, which was being torn apart by mikhail sergeevich ryazansky, given that i had a diploma in radio engineering, i was instructed to introduce processing of the radio control system, it

worked on a short section, but a very important moment during the engine shutdown period, starting from 156 seconds, ending at about 300 and 295, when the main command was issued for all engine shutdowns, the launch vehicle, the launch vehicle, namely... the carrier, according to these parameters we could already determine where we ended up, because all the calculations were easy to do, because the speed vector was determined with all the data and so on, so i ended up in this unit, then the designers made the decision, what to change to improve this rocket, that is, it turns out that before october 4, you had already made several launches before this, so the situation was like this, that's what's interesting, we watched carefully, the international geoscientific year was declared in 1957, it was declared all over the world, and korolev, along

his lines, proposed preparing for the satellite, although the rocket was intended for the ministry of defense, that is, he, in parallel, what's the value, that the rocket turned out to be dual-use, if the americans, well, they could have had it like that, they split it into two topics...

simple satellite he said: you are speaking incorrectly, sp is me, sergei pavlovich, a ps, i must say, he trained everyone normally, and there he took this next organization, not 885, mikhail sergeevich, and he ordered to make a transmitter, he ordered to make a power supply unit not of precise currents, it turned out very well, he himself okb-1 and two more organizations they quickly designed everything, made it and were ready, if anything. thus, now, when we began to launch rockets, the first launch was an emergency, the second was also an emergency.

satellites already, no, they did not make a combat charge, an imitation of a combat charge with sand, but they did everything like a combat missile, that is, r7, yes, the first launch was on may 15 in 1957, then the second launch was the same, the rocket did not even take off, the third launch was an emergency, the rocket spun, fell in the area of ​​the first ipa after 1.5 km, finally there was a lull, they found out what the reason was, we ... gave out all the data, all the parameters, in this case, if i did not process the radio control system, then they threw me to process some telemetry sensor and so on, we there was interchangeability, they gave all the data and they corrected all the shortcomings, finally, when everyone went on vacation in august, i remained as the head of the laboratory, at that time the fourth rocket was launched, it went successfully, everything turned off, but only in one

stage. here the most interesting thing began, because they required all six parameters from me according to the radio control system, having all these six parameters, three speed vectors and coordinates, the crash site was accurately determined, this is the first time on kamchatka somewhere, when i began to process films, then i realized that there was something wrong with the time service films, it turned out later that the start time coincided with the five-minute mark, he closed the case. i thought for a long time, the boss was already pestering me, i digitized as needed, it turned out not to be the zero mark, it should be the first, why did i do this, because otherwise the 15 km error would not have been found, but when all this data was determined, the team that was assigned to search for the funnel did not find it, and they made me recalculate, but i said, i can’t make 5 + 5 to make 11, all the calculations

po...

will fall apart, but at least they trained the combat crews, that is, there was a mock-up, not even a satellite, yes, they already knew that it would go to kamchatka, but it would fall apart, but it was ready to launch a satellite under another program, everything became clear, so the day was set for october 4, we will open the manuals of the ukrainian tsypso, a javelin against a russian tank, as you understand, the result is always dressed, where and where they shoot from a jivelin is absolutely unclear, how do they plan information attacks on you and me?

we continue the conversation about the launch of the first in in the world of artificial earth satellite my guests are nikolay leonidovich semenov and maria andreevna malyutina. maria andreevna, you brought us a studio. drawings, documents, photos, videos. i suggest we watch it now. yes, you know, i want to say that our archive, the russian state archive of scientific and technical documentation was created as a center for storing space documentation. and that was its secret name. in open sources it was known as - scientific research center for technical documentation. that is, the name is not quite reflected the essence of the work. did not sound, but in fact, when the resolution was adopted on april 30, 1974, the country's leadership set the goal of collecting documents on the exploration

of outer space, and not only scientific and technical documents, but also film, photo, audio documents, a huge-large work began on collecting materials on all types of media. as for scientific and technical documentation, we have different versions of drawings, if we are talking about the launch of the first artificial earth satellite, these drawings came to us in as part of the personal fund of arvid vladimirovich polo. in general, i want to say that most of the documents that were dedicated to the first launches of a satellite and a man, they, of course, were strictly held.

at the international congress by the united states of america, that they were preparing to launch the first artificial satellite, then the work scheme completely changed, but the most interesting thing is, look, it goes, this is a unit, it is shown that way, it is not a seven, on the spear, unfortunately, there is no seven here, but when the seven comes out, you can still see how the sidewalls fall off, why else korolev... managed to implement yes, this project is the simplest satellite, because they were technically ready for it and of course wanted to do it ahead of america, so this decision was made already in october 1957, the whole world

heard these beep-beep signals, i think it was just time for nikolai leonidovich to tell us what exactly happened on october 4. so, in the satellite, to know clearly. nikolai stepanovich, when i recorded him, he is also interested in his biography, he made these batteries back on the submarine boat during the war, so he had a huge experience of the case, he made good food, and also did it in such a way that he surrounded the transmitter with this.

to be responsible for the warhead, and he went, of course, to the enterprise, studied this matter, when he accepted the already finished, the satellite was carefully checked, as it should be, and korolev again looked closely at these specialists, he remembered khilchenko, and then the general management of the rocket check, when it was put on the launch, was done by grigoryans, robert martirosovich, then sokolov, vitaly grigorievich, led the team on...

i was eager to move on to the launch team, but the boss wouldn't let me. then , clear work places were distributed in the bunker, where i should sit. the question arose. so, by the way, the burning of documents, who was the shooter on the satellite, we went to that is , the person who pressed the start button, no, pressed chikunov, who gave the command for this, that is, the shooter shooters, korolev, korolev did not interfere, the whole system was set up in such a way that the industry did not interfere in the work of the military, in no way case, but did not control, korolev was sitting. a little higher than him, a couple of

steps, there was a periscope and there was a shooter, at the launch of gagarin, it was kirillov, kirillov anatoly semenovich, this was recorded by video, that's who was shooting at the satellites, when we began to find out, some said that it was one person, others another person, i conducted a whole study when i worked in the archive, well, how else was it necessary. why? because all the secret journals where the fabilities were specifically recorded were destroyed. in short, i found the whole thing, it was written down, who was the shooter. and who was the shooter? the shooter was ostashov, evgeny ilyich. then everything went strictly according to schedule. the weather was good, there were no comments. and when the fifteen-minute readiness approached, the management went down to the bunker. we went down to the bunker, we were already standing near the door ready to run out in

case of launch, but korolev, passing by, said: "don't rush, guys, the command for five-minute readiness was given, then launch, the operator of control panel 349 pressed the button, and there was a command for the shooter's command, yes, the firing command, that you need to press this button and about 2 minutes until the engine exits".

the main command goes, all the second stage engines are turned off, and the separation of the head part or satellite in this case at 315, that's when at 315 seconds the satellite separated, the beacon signals turned on, and it gave after going beyond the radio horizon in the kamchatka region, gave a signal, which was naturally received.

well, you understand, there was no time for that here, yes, we see just the moment of separation of the head satellite, the signal passed, the explosion, hurray, and we quite left home did you even realize the importance of this did not realize tired and that there this same thing was done as usual work thank god well when tired went to bed i honestly do not remember this evening. and in the morning i do not understand anything, everyone is walking around congratulating, yes the whole world,

already says rokhochil, wow, that is , we did it so that the whole world applauded this event. marina andreev, what do you think, for us this event, what does it mean? you know, i think that for our country this event was of course grandiose, because really that work was being done like this, it was secret, but... everyone was waiting for this event, they knew that such developments were being done, that there was such a desire in humanity, to leave the cradle, yes, as tsyalkovsky wrote, yes, well... a person needs to move forward to some new achievements and in my opinion, of course, this event, it was bright both for our country and for the whole world, when here is the technical genius of a person, such work, persistent work, how many such launches there were, yes, emergency ones, there were many different technical issues, but

it ended with great success, and of course the opportunities that the first satellite opened up for us, this development of course from... that is, it opened up great prospects for launching a man into outer space, for our country and for the whole world in space exploration, yes, in research into the nature of our planet, our universe, that is, of course, there is great scientific significance here.

the economy, the economy, it was necessary to wage a pro-political war, it was necessary to restore peaceful life, in such difficult conditions the whole nation worked for the sake of that such a launch was possible, and there were specialists like our nikolai leonidovich, trained such high -level personnel who ensured the construction of the cosmodrome in the shortest possible time, the tyuratam, which we know as baikanur, who provided this entire... communications structure, the infrastructure of the spacecraft themselves, in my opinion, this is the most important thing, this is the feat of the citizens of our entire country, and of course, personally sergei pavlovich korolev. we can only guess what the reaction was americans who said that they would be the first to launch an artificial earth satellite, then

the soviet union appeared, as we say, all the information is classified, and naturally, we saw it on the screen. the whole world began to publish, people began to accept these simple signals, the main thing is to accept the signal, to believe that yes, it really is the soviet union, that is, we were the first. this is a podcast of space history, and i, anton shkaplerov. today we are talking about the launch of the world's first artificial earth satellite. well, as techies, we are not particularly emotional we are spreading, but we realized that, firstly, we noticed back then that they spent, well, i don’t remember exactly now, but about fifteen or twenty rockets to finally launch a satellite, and we practically look, four rockets, so we made a control one on the fifth, and on the sixth we already launched a satellite, and why, you ask,

it’s very simple, because in the soviet union back in the twenties it was very much even before... it was blown through, i went, looked at this model, and they told me how it was blown through, everyone thought that it might not be as stable as this, but it turned out to be more stable than even a separate missile, that is, everything was thought out in advance and the hook assemblers and the rest took

all these things into account and made a reliable system, tell me, what is the importance of archives and preserving documents, such... eras, not destruction, as we, unfortunately, encountered, here are very important documents that were destroyed, you know, of course, this was a very difficult period in our history of the turning point, yes, here are such eras, when the soviet union collapsed, when our space programs changed completely, yes, and nikolai leonidovich came to work in our archive in 1989, and... he made his contribution to the development of our space industry not only as a specialist, an engineer, but also as a custodian and collector of historical. it is very important that veterans participate in the archive, in its work, anton nikolaevich, this is where the difficulty lay, we had experienced archivists, but they knew little

about veterans, and i, on the contrary, was still studying archival affairs, yes, but he knew the veterans well, and it was not so easy to persuade them, to tell, but really the golden fund of our archive is personal funds and funds created as a result of proactive documentation. food may not be fully known, here is nikolai leonidovich, who conducted his investigation, so, look, i will tell you about an episode, which is also interesting, so,

my first interview was with vladimir palovich barmyany, he made himself comfortable, i set up the tape recorder and said, vladimir pavlovich, how well you did the starting system, it literally drops out of hands like a bird, then he says, what is this, it was vasya who suggested it to us. i thought about what kind of vasya, yes, he understood that i don’t understand, he says, vasily pavlovich, mishin suggested it, okay, the following evenings, when we met, i don’t be, once, vasily pavlovich was also already retired, seregin and i came up, we sat down at a table, vasily pavlovich, this one gave you away, that means, to vladimir pavlovich, what are you, and what is there, i ’m approaching them now, they’re fencing, some kind of vegetable garden, that means. around the rocket there’s a fence, to protect it there with the wind, what are you doing, guys, have you ever stepped on a rake,

no, you have, look, just put not one rake, but four, they will press somewhere to your belt, that's right, well, stand still, and jump up, where the rake will fall here, and to make them fall better, make counterweights, that's right, then use god's power, you don't need any hydraulics. don't lubricate anything, things will go well in the north, i'm off, get to work, guys, well, unfortunately, there's little time left, but i can't help but ask you, nikolay leonidovich, you are also a participant in the launch of the first man into space, yuri alekseevich kogarin, well, at least tell us a few words, you understand, honestly speaking, anatol nikolaevich, i don’t want to have such a serious conversation, because there were so many problems, firstly, it was necessary to make orientation. to return, right, at first it was necessary to think about how to return the person, but the most interesting thing is that

the cosmonauts, those who were before us, knew everything, the difference was that when you were launched, there was already a ready system of reliable rescue, from gagarin to leonov and velyaev, 11 cosmonauts, their most difficult moment was at the start, god forbid, if it was a fire, yes, ejection was provided, the cosmonaut was ejected by parachute and lowered, but how the parachute would behave during a burning start, no one knew, so korolev gave the order at the launch, not to make any design changes, but to proceed consistently with the build-up of the launch plan, this iron discipline allowed us to make details very clearly, here ... acceptance and specific already volumetric control at us at the start.