welcome to al jazeera america. i'm stephanie sy, here are the top stories we are following at this hour. >> it's black friday. more than a dozen mainlyingor retailers opened a day earlier. kmart started sales at 6am on thursday, giving some customers a jump start on the holiday season. it meant tens of thousands of retail workers spent the day at work. >> pizza hut offered to reinstate the manager forced to stay open on thanksgiving. the company responded when their facebook page was flooded with angry comments. >> tony rohr said he didn't want to make employees work and doesn't want his job back.

>> a 5.6 magnitude quake hit close to bushehr, a province in iran. it was 40 miles north of a nuclear power plant. it damaged buildings and affected electricity in many areas. >> a ferry in hong kong crashed killing 85 people. it was travelling to macau when it hit an unidentified object. there are no reports of people missing and an investigation is underway. >> those are the headlines "america tonight" is up next.

hello, and welcome to hello, and welcome to this special holiday this special holiday edition of "america edition of "america tonight." tonight." since since thanksgiving brings thanksgiving brings to mind the origins of to mind the origins of this country. this country. to begin, we look to the to begin, we look to the star spangled banner, star spangled banner, america's most famous america's most famous flag is safely tucked flag is safely tucked away at the smithsonian away at the smithsonian museum here in museum here in washington. washington. be 200 years ago it was be 200 years ago it was first first raised over and our raised over and our determination as a young determination as a young nation to succeed. nation to succeed. ♪ o say can you see by ♪ o say can you see by the dawn's early light ♪. the dawn's early light ♪. >> >> it's a song as it's a song as familiar familiar to americans as to americans as a a

babies lull by. babies lull by. how did it become such a how did it become such a part of the fabric of part of the fabric of america? america? >> the anthem gets the >> the anthem gets the flag more publicity, and flag more publicity, and the flag makes the anthem the flag makes the anthem more more famous. famous. >> so we are standing on >> so we are standing on a reconstruction of the a reconstruction of the gun impact that was here. gun impact that was here. >> this is the power of >> this is the power of place, here is the thing, place, here is the thing, people love the anthem, people love the anthem, they love the grab, what they love the grab, what they need to understand they need to understand is that fort mchenry is that fort mchenry where they both come where they both come together. together. and literally, on the and literally, on the exact original ground in exact original ground in which you andry now which you andry now standing. standing. >> is so called spar >> is so called spar spangled banner flag is spangled banner flag is turning 200 years old. turning 200 years old. to celebrate the to celebrate the anniversary, the maryland anniversary, the maryland historical society has historical society has researched the original researched the original flag, and is recreating flag, and is recreating it as accurately as

it as accurately as possible, right dune to possible, right dune to the very last stitch. the very last stitch. >> >> one of the major one of the major sources was the sources was the conservation report from conservation report from the smithsonian. the smithsonian. reading what it looks reading what it looks like, and then actually like, and then actually being able to take it to being able to take it to a weaver and say you know a weaver and say you know can you do this. can you do this. i didn't necessarily want i didn't necessarily want to do it if i couldn't to do it if i couldn't fly it. fly it. i wanted to fly it. i wanted to fly it. i think that's important i think that's important for something like this. for something like this. >> and the way we went. >> and the way we went. a team of devoted a team of devoted stitchers assembled and stitchers assembled and took the work. took the work. from all across the world from all across the world want to distribute a want to distribute a stitch. stitch. there was a natural there was a natural divvying up of the duty divvying up of the duty whose worked on the whose worked on the stripes and who sowed the stripes and who sowed the two-foot wide two-foot wide stars. stars. >> >> well, the stripes are well, the stripes are pieced together pieced together and sews and sews in long strips. in long strips. the stars are an my kayed the stars are an my kayed on top. on top. one is piecing things

one is piecing things together and the other together and the other one is putting one piece one is putting one piece on top of another and on top of another and sewing it down. sewing it down. >> well, she is stars and >> well, she is stars and i'm striped. i'm striped. >> that was our nickname, >> that was our nickname, because she was because she was responsible for stars, i responsible for stars, i was responsible for was responsible for stripes. stripes. >> get your hand >> get your hand underneath, and you want underneath, and you want to be about a quarter to be about a quarter inch from where the inch from where the thread has come through thread has come through the fabric. the fabric. you go down and touch you go down and touch your finger underneath, your finger underneath, using your thumb and your using your thumb and your finger, you bend the finger, you bend the fabric in half, and it fabric in half, and it pops back up. pops back up. and you are going to let and you are going to let me put a stitch in this. me put a stitch in this. >> absolutely. >> absolutely. >> we just go straight >> we just go straight down, now you put it all down, now you put it all the way through. the way through. >> uh h o. >> uh h o. i made a mistake. i made a mistake. >> okay, that's what >> okay, that's what happens. happens. >> i'm ruining the star >> i'm ruining the star spangled banner. spangled banner. >> here we go. >> here we go. >> 200 years ago, >> 200 years ago, baltimore was a boom town baltimore was a boom town in a new nation. in a new nation. but the british had not but the british had not given up the idea of given up the idea of getting their former getting their former colonies back in line. colonies back in line.

angered by british trade angered by british trade restrictions and the restrictions and the oppressment of sailors oppressment of sailors mischaracterize declared mischaracterize declared war in what is known war in what is known of of the war of 1812. the war of 1812. >> so this is what they >> so this is what they were shoo t l shooting? were shoo t l shooting? >> yeah, that's an >> yeah, that's an 18-pound ball, as you can 18-pound ball, as you can see it does not explode, see it does not explode, so historically they so historically they didn't even call them didn't even call them cannon balls. cannon balls. >> what did they call >> what did they call them? them? >> 1409. >> 1409. >> the battle of >> the battle of baltimore would become a baltimore would become a defining moment, and defining moment, and inspire a national inspire a national anthem. anthem. >> >> but the beginning of but the beginning of the war wasn't clear the war wasn't clear sailing. sailing. >> to have a symbol of >> to have a symbol of the country, very visible the country, very visible to the british who are in to the british who are in the he is pea bay, all of the he is pea bay, all of 1813 is really important, 1813 is really important, basically just to say we basically just to say we are here. are here. we aren't going anywhere. we aren't going anywhere. it has a it has a lot of lot of gravities. gravities. >> the commander wanted >> the commander wanted to raise a garrison flag, to raise a garrison flag, 30 feet by 42 feet, large 30 feet by 42 feet, large enough to be clearly enough to be clearly

visible to the armada of visible to the armada of british ships anchors in british ships anchors in the river. the river. commissions local flag commissions local flag maker she was maker she was paid paid $405.90. $405.90. that's a lot of money, that's a lot of money, today it would be almost today it would be almost $6,000. $6,000. >> she is not making a >> she is not making a flag that she thinks is flag that she thinks is going to last 200 years going to last 200 years and be in the and be in the smithsonian, she is smithsonian, she is making a flag for a fort. making a flag for a fort. how many times has she how many times has she done this before. done this before. she expects this to last she expects this to last two or three years and two or three years and then make a then make a new one. new one. >> she didn't have the >> she didn't have the luxury of working in a luxury of working in a big auditorium, instead big auditorium, instead she worked just outside she worked just outside downtown baltimore. downtown baltimore. five other family members five other family members and an a servant works and an a servant works for six weeks straight, for six weeks straight, piecing together the piecing together the flag, sometimes working flag, sometimes working by candlelight, so they by candlelight, so they could meet their could meet their deadline. deadline. >> the fabric is >> the fabric is something that i don't something that i don't think anybody here had think anybody here had ever handled before. ever handled before. sometimes i have thought sometimes i have thought that mary would say that mary would say

something like, i know something like, i know six-year-olds that sew six-year-olds that sew better than this. better than this. >> the material called >> the material called bunting used to make bunting used to make today's flag, costs about today's flag, costs about $12,000. $12,000. add in labor costs for add in labor costs for the almost 2,000 people the almost 2,000 people who have worked on it who have worked on it over the last six months over the last six months and you have a price tag and you have a price tag in the hundreds of in the hundreds of thousands of dollars. thousands of dollars. talk about inflation. talk about inflation. but there could have been but there could have been even more work if the even more work if the state count had been state count had been accurate. accurate. >> 15 stars and 15 >> 15 stars and 15 stripes. stripes. so at this point in time, so at this point in time, when there's a new state when there's a new state added each new state get added each new state get as new star and a new as new star and a new stripe. stripe. >> a piece of trivia, >> a piece of trivia, however, is that in 1812, however, is that in 1812, there are actually 18 there are actually 18 states in the union, not states in the union, not 15, they just hadn't 15, they just hadn't gotten around to putting gotten around to putting the new stars the stripes the new stars the stripes on the flag. on the flag. they don't change the they don't change the flag until 1818, this' 21 flag until 1818, this' 21 at that time. at that time. >> then what does it go >> then what does it go to? to? >> at that point, they >> at that point, they take it back to 13, for take it back to 13, for the 13 original states, the 13 original states, and then they continue to and then they continue to

add stars for each new add stars for each new state. state. this is the only flag in this is the only flag in our history that has more our history that has more than think teen stripes. than think teen stripes. >> sailing on a >> sailing on a scooper scooper at dawn between baltimore at dawn between baltimore and fort mchenry brings and fort mchenry brings the past within the past within arm's arm's reach two, hundred years reach two, hundred years ago next year ago next year will mark will mark another important another important anniversary, the star anniversary, the star spangled banner was spangled banner was written. written. in ode to the garrison in ode to the garrison flag, and to the flag, and to the possibility of a wartime possibility of a wartime victory in the face of victory in the face of the british bombardment the british bombardment on fort mchenry. on fort mchenry. >> ironically, here is >> ironically, here is september 11th is when september 11th is when the british were the british were spotted. spotted. >> when you look out, >> when you look out, that must have been that must have been ex-freely intimidated to ex-freely intimidated to see all of these ships see all of these ships coming. coming. >> there were three times >> there were three times as many ships as in the as many ships as in the united states navy. united states navy. it was literally almost it was literally almost like the shock in all of like the shock in all of 19th century. 19th century. >> francis scott key had >> francis scott key had gone out to a ship in the gone out to a ship in the river, he was negotiating river, he was negotiating a prison release from the a prison release from the british fleet when the british fleet when the battle began. battle began.

he was four miles away he was four miles away from fort mchenry, today, from fort mchenry, today, that spot is marked with that spot is marked with a buoy, what many don't a buoy, what many don't know is that francis know is that francis scott key could not see scott key could not see the outcome of the the outcome of the battle. battle. >> it is muddy. >> it is muddy. it is rink, the americans it is rink, the americans are feeling helpless. are feeling helpless. you have the smoke from you have the smoke from all the guns, he is all the guns, he is asking a question, saying asking a question, saying can you see. can you see. he cannot see the flag, he cannot see the flag, can you see the can you see the flag by flag by dawn's early light. dawn's early light. and then he reflect sods and then he reflect sods proudly we haimed at proudly we haimed at twilight's last gleaming. twilight's last gleaming. >> so out on the water >> so out on the water where we where we see the key see the key bridge, he protoa home. bridge, he protoa home. setting the words to the setting the words to the tune of a favorite song. tune of a favorite song. >> he had a real thing >> he had a real thing for british drinking song for british drinking song called aknack owian in called aknack owian in heaven. heaven. >> he was really into a >> he was really into a drinking song. drinking song. >> yes. >> yes. he really he really liked the tune liked the tune allot, and i think he allot, and i think he composed other poetry to

composed other poetry to fit it, but he definitely fit it, but he definitely had this in mind. had this in mind. >> do you know the song? >> do you know the song? >> yes, i do. >> yes, i do. >> will you sing it for >> will you sing it for me. me. >> i will try. >> i will try. >> >> okay. okay. >> >> to an nook to an nook owian in owian in heaven, fort glee, the heaven, fort glee, the true sons true sons of harmony sent of harmony sent a petition. a petition. >> o say can you see by >> o say can you see by the dawn's early light the dawn's early light what so proudly we hailed what so proudly we hailed at the at the twilight's last twilight's last gleaming whose broad gleaming whose broad stripes -- over the ram stripes -- over the ram apartments we watched apartments we watched were so gallantly were so gallantly streaming. streaming. >> do you see the >> do you see the american flag differently american flag differently now than you did before now than you did before you started working on you started working on the project? the project? >> yeah. >> yeah. this is -- this is just this is -- this is just so personal. so personal. this is my flag. this is my flag. this is our flag. this is our flag. this flag is going to fly this flag is going to fly soon, and people are soon, and people are going to go that's our going to go that's our flag. flag. it is just very it is just very emotional. emotional. >> it was the first true >> it was the first true

similar bomb we had. similar bomb we had. we didn't have national we didn't have national architecture. architecture. we couldn't say we we couldn't say we invented the english invented the english language, what do you language, what do you have, you have this flag, have, you have this flag, this red, white, and this red, white, and blue, that represents blue, that represents what the country stands what the country stands for. for. >> a flag, flying in the >> a flag, flying in the face of an enemy, a face of an enemy, a symbol with simple symbol with simple beginnings whose power beginnings whose power has lasted for 200 years. has lasted for 200 years. or the land of the free or the land of the free and the home of the and the home of the brave. brave. >> indeed, adam may >> indeed, adam may reporting. reporting. coming up next, an coming up next, an unfinished family unfinished family project, in fulfilling project, in fulfilling the vision of crazy the vision of crazy horse, when will horse, when will the the monument stand hold. monument stand hold. >> i'm phil torezz, coming up >> i'm phil torezz, coming up next on techknow. next on techknow. >> hike! >> hike! >> america's favorite sport is >> america's favorite sport is under fire. under fire. >> now, that impact simulated

>> now, that impact simulated 100 g's of acceleration in your 100 g's of acceleration in your brain. brain. >> it's the opponent no player >> it's the opponent no player can see. can see. >> so the system is showing >> so the system is showing real-time impact. real-time impact. >> can science prevent >> can science prevent concussions? concussions? >> i did my job and just had to >> i did my job and just had to sacrifice my brain to do it. sacrifice my brain to do it. millions who need assistance millions who need assistance now. now. we appreciate you spending time we appreciate you spending time with us tonight. with us tonight. up next is the up next is the golden age of golden age of hollywood going golden but

hollywood going golden but elsewhere. elsewhere. why l.a.'s mayor has declared a why l.a.'s mayor has declared a state of emergency for the state of emergency for the entertainment industry there. entertainment industry there. next. next. the stream is uniquely the stream is uniquely interactive television. interactive television. we depend on you, we depend on you, >> you are one of the voices of >> you are one of the voices of this show. this show. >> so join the conversation and >> so join the conversation and make it your own. make it your own. >> the stream. >> the stream. weeknights 7:30 et / 4:30 pt weeknights 7:30 et / 4:30 pt on al jazeera america on al jazeera america and join the conversation and join the conversation online @ajamstream. online @ajamstream. from east to west, many from east to west, many impressive monuments tell impressive monuments tell the history of our the history of our country. country.

an incomplete rock an incomplete rock structure of cheap structure of cheap crazy crazy horse, fiers warrior of horse, fiers warrior of the sioux tribe. the sioux tribe. if you have if you have visit grounds visit grounds today, you can see his today, you can see his face and face and a lofty project. a lofty project. the family left the family left feverishly carving away feverishly carving away toward its completion. toward its completion. its features chiseled its features chiseled from the family side. from the family side. from the sioux tribe from the sioux tribe known as crazy horse. known as crazy horse. >> his arm holing a giant >> his arm holing a giant stallion that you can stallion that you can imagine but cannot see. imagine but cannot see. the horse's head the horse's head all all 219 feet of it has been 219 feet of it has been painted but still must be painted but still must be fashioned from the jagged fashioned from the jagged rock. rock. call it a work in call it a work in progress. progress. carried on by the family carried on by the family of a man who started of a man who started carving this mountain by carving this mountain by himself in 1948. himself in 1948. >> >> -determined that it -determined that it was going to be completed was going to be completed no question about it. no question about it. and i don't think he and i don't think he

realized when realized when he he started started how long it was going to how long it was going to take, or how much work it take, or how much work it was going to be. was going to be. >> so he underestimated >> so he underestimated the task? the task? >> he did. >> he did. now 87-year-old, she came now 87-year-old, she came to south dakota with star to south dakota with star dust in her eyes. dust in her eyes. she came to work with a she came to work with a famous sculptor from her famous sculptor from her state, the man she would state, the man she would later later mary because he mary because he would not take another would not take another man off from carving. man off from carving. >> once he started it he >> once he started it he wasn't going to quit. wasn't going to quit. that just wasn't in his that just wasn't in his way. way. he honestly believe, you he honestly believe, you can do anything in the can do anything in the world you want to do, world you want to do, absolutely nothing is absolutely nothing is impossible. impossible. response you are willing response you are willing to work hard enough and to work hard enough and stay with it. stay with it. >> he had been a >> he had been a sculptor sculptor on mount rush moore only on mount rush moore only 17 miles away. 17 miles away. they want add monument of they want add monument of their their

own to rival own to rival rushmore. rushmore. so they so they asked him to asked him to carving a likeness of carving a likeness of crazy horse. crazy horse. >> why has it taken so >> why has it taken so long? long? >> because it's so big. >> because it's so big. because it started with because it started with absolutely nothing, and absolutely nothing, and we we have had to make every have had to make every bit of it ourselves. bit of it ourselves. >> her husband spent 35 >> her husband spent 35 years blasting and years blasting and chipping away at the chipping away at the mountain side. mountain side. he died in 1982 at the he died in 1982 at the age of 74, when the age of 74, when the carving had barely begun carving had barely begun to take shape. to take shape. >> when your husband >> when your husband died, did he think that died, did he think that his dream was going to his dream was going to die with him? die with him? >> no. >> no. i don't think he did. i don't think he did. he had made the statement he had made the statement when his mountain stopped when his mountain stopped when he died his whole when he died his whole life would have been life would have been wasted. wasted. >> so ruth and their ten >> so ruth and their ten children decided to forge children decided to forge ahead, six still work on ahead, six still work on the mountain. the mountain. the caughtser the fourth the caughtser the fourth older. older.

>> >> he wantedtous have a he wantedtous have a commitment. commitment. >> was he obsessed with >> was he obsessed with this project. this project. yes. yes. did he teach us to be? did he teach us to be? yes. yes. he said to us if you lay he said to us if you lay it down, if you lay down it down, if you lay down the feeling then you have the feeling then you have to find something else to to find something else to do. do. >> >> her younger sister her younger sister wears the hard hat, wears the hard hat, supervisorring the actual supervisorring the actual carving of the mountain, carving of the mountain, she learned how to scale she learned how to scale the sculpture. the sculpture. she takes us to a ridge she takes us to a ridge 36 story below the face 36 story below the face and arm, the first tv and arm, the first tv cameras ever allowed cameras ever allowed here. here. with a scale model with a scale model monique gives us a monique gives us a progress report. progress report. >> give us the sense >> give us the sense owhere we are. owhere we are. >> we are below the >> we are below the horse's nose, and we horse's nose, and we still have to go in about still have to go in about 70 feet to get to the 70 feet to get to the horse's nostril. horse's nostril. so the rock we are so the rock we are standing on now will all standing on now will all be gone. be gone. >> the rock, several >> the rock, several million tons of it has

million tons of it has already been dynamited already been dynamited away, ever so carefully away, ever so carefully to protect the mountain, to protect the mountain, and preserve the and preserve the sculpture. sculpture. >> how excruciating is >> how excruciating is this this work? work? >> it's not excruciating. >> it's not excruciating. it is big. it is big. it's a challenge, for it's a challenge, for many reasons. many reasons. but it is a labor of but it is a labor of love. love. >> >> in her batters blue in her batters blue pickup, she takes us to pickup, she takes us to the top of the mountain, the top of the mountain, here the face was finally here the face was finally finished 16 years after finished 16 years after her father's death. her father's death. >> a lot of people say it >> a lot of people say it was too bad he wasn't was too bad he wasn't here to see the face here to see the face carve, but he has already carve, but he has already seen the whole mountain seen the whole mountain carves. carves. >> she says her father >> she says her father kept a vision kept a vision of the of the entire sculpture in his entire sculpture in his head. head. visitors can now see what visitors can now see what he imagined at the foot he imagined at the foot of the mountain, is a of the mountain, is a scale model showing crazy scale model showing crazy horse gripping his horse gripping his stallion, his long hair stallion, his long hair flowing back into the flowing back into the rock. rock. his memorial is taller his memorial is taller

than the washington than the washington monument, and nearly monument, and nearly twice twice the height of mount the height of mount rushmore. rushmore. a 6'" tall man would fit a 6'" tall man would fit easily into his eyes, easily into his eyes, eyes that see everything eyes that see everything on the mountain, on the mountain, according to family according to family legend. legend. >> there's something >> there's something about walking around out about walking around out there on crazy horse's there on crazy horse's arm. arm. you turn around and look you turn around and look back, and he is looking back, and he is looking at you. at you. and it's really kind of and it's really kind of an eerie feeling. an eerie feeling. no matter where you walk no matter where you walk on that mountain, where on that mountain, where you stand, he is watching you stand, he is watching you. you. >> >> no more than once or no more than once or twice a year, the public twice a year, the public is allow add closer look. is allow add closer look. this fall nearly fow this fall nearly fow thundershower made the thundershower made the hike up and back, looking hike up and back, looking like a colony of ants on like a colony of ants on the move from the bottom the move from the bottom of the mountain. of the mountain. climbing at a hard climbing at a hard breathing altitude of breathing altitude of more than 6,000 feet to more than 6,000 feet to reach the top of crazy reach the top of crazy horse's arm, just under horse's arm, just under that imposing face. that imposing face. >> it has taken so long >> it has taken so long to finish only part of to finish only part of

the project does not seem the project does not seem to tear visitors. to tear visitors. including these three including these three that made the trek that made the trek together. together. >> i admire that, but if >> i admire that, but if they are going to do it they are going to do it their way it won't get their way it won't get done done quickly. quickly. >> is fact they are >> is fact they are continuing to move continuing to move forward is very forward is very impressive. impressive. >> i am awed by this type >> i am awed by this type of art form. of art form. just the engineering it just the engineering it takes. takes. to create using a massive to create using a massive form of arc. form of arc. >> the old joke is that >> the old joke is that the only thing crazy the only thing crazy about the crazy horse about the crazy horse memorial, memorial, is the sculptor is the sculptor who started it, and other who started it, and other the years his family has the years his family has come under chriss similar come under chriss similar from some native from some native americans who complain americans who complain this is more about this is more about an sen an sen tentic artist. tentic artist. a member of the la coat a member of the la coat that sioux tribe is that sioux tribe is founder and publisher of founder and publisher of the native sun news. the native sun news.

i wrote an editorial, who i wrote an editorial, who is it is it presented to. presented to. >> i can't please >> i can't please everybody, i would rather everybody, i would rather please the indian people please the indian people than anybody else, than anybody else, because it is their because it is their memorial. memorial. >> they are adamant that >> they are adamant that it is not about them, it is not about them, down the road, is another down the road, is another piece of his legacy, the piece of his legacy, the indian university of indian university of north america. north america. built by the nonprofit built by the nonprofit that helps finance the that helps finance the sculpture. sculpture. >> in the four years we >> in the four years we have been doing this, we have been doing this, we have created educational have created educational opportunities opportunities for 24 for 24 different tribes, and 17 different tribes, and 17 different states. different states. jason murray sees the jason murray sees the culture as a sign of culture as a sign of respect. respect. >> >> this project, at its this project, at its very heart is very heart is reconciliation. reconciliation. i see that, i feel that, i see that, i feel that, if i if i didn't i would point didn't i would point part of this. part of this. >> over the year ms. of >> over the year ms. of the local sioux came to the local sioux came to change their minds about change their minds about the carving on the the carving on the mountain. mountain.

and the family that and the family that carries it on. carries it on. >> they watch and they >> they watch and they saw the mountain finally saw the mountain finally taking some kind of taking some kind of shape, and they saw shape, and they saw people who were doing the people who were doing the ask call work up there as ask call work up there as good people. good people. and i think it -- it and i think it -- it helped to bring about a helped to bring about a lot of changes. lot of changes. >> but here change comes >> but here change comes slowly. slowly. very slowly. very slowly. he once boasted he would he once boasted he would finish in 30 years. finish in 30 years. >> he wish he made that >> he wish he made that statement, that's why i statement, that's why i don't tell anybody when don't tell anybody when lit be done. lit be done. >> now the project is >> now the project is entering entering it's 66th year, it's 66th year, even the adult children even the adult children who are toiling away who are toiling away won't predict when it won't predict when it will be finished. will be finished. >> i think it will look >> i think it will look really good by the time really good by the time i'm an old i'm an old lady, but i lady, but i won't be done, i don't won't be done, i don't think in my lifetime. think in my lifetime. >> i hope my children >> i hope my children will be able to see it will be able to see it pretty much completed, pretty much completed, but it's quite a ways but it's quite a ways down the road.

down the road. >> you guys are doing the >> you guys are doing the locks? locks? >> yeah. >> yeah. that way is closer to the that way is closer to the beginning. beginning. >> in fact, a third >> in fact, a third generation of family generation of family members is already members is already working at their working at their grandfather's mountain, grandfather's mountain, 28-year-old heidi parks 28-year-old heidi parks cars for cars for the hikers. the hikers. >> >> her grant mother is her grant mother is still in challenge, still still in challenge, still working every day from working every day from the dining room where her the dining room where her family has managed the family has managed the project project since 1948. since 1948. but ruth has no illusions but ruth has no illusions about seeing crazy horse about seeing crazy horse completed in her completed in her lifetime. lifetime. so she tries to envision so she tries to envision the finished sculpture the finished sculpture the way her husband did. the way her husband did. >> he saw the mountain >> he saw the mountain completed. completed. and i don't have that and i don't have that ability. ability. but he could see it all but he could see it all done in his mind's eye. done in his mind's eye. and he just described it and he just described it as heroic. as heroic.

and being meaningful. and being meaningful. >> for the family when >> for the family when the mountain will be the mountain will be finished has become less finished has become less meaningful than why. meaningful than why. and here in the black and here in the black hills the outline of that hills the outline of that figure on his horse, just figure on his horse, just the way he saw it in his the way he saw it in his mind's eye, become as bit mind's eye, become as bit clearer every day. clearer every day. >> correspondent >> correspondent reporting. reporting. >> coming up >> coming up next, art next, art self-taught, the raw self-taught, the raw talent one cure cure ray talent one cure cure ray tor has found in the back tor has found in the back roads of the deep south, roads of the deep south, up next. up next. america brings you

more us and global news than any more us and global news than any other american news channel. other american news channel. find out what happened find out what happened and what to expect. and what to expect. >> start every morning, every >> start every morning, every day, 5am to 9 eastern day, 5am to 9 eastern with al jazeera america. with al jazeera america. >> sometimes all the an artist needs is a chance, for bill arnett those for bill arnett those from a composition of his from a composition of his career. career. as you will see here, he as you will see here, he is an artist himself, but is an artist himself, but he know as powerful piece he know as powerful piece when he sees one. when he sees one. >> >> this looked like a this looked like a bunch of material that bunch of material that had been blown around in had been blown around in a storm. a storm. or a tornado. or a tornado. >> lonnie holly turns >> lonnie holly turns debris into art. debris into art.

>> show me the moon and >> show me the moon and the stars ♪. the stars ♪. >> art that's been shown >> art that's been shown in major museums around in major museums around the country. the country. >> as y'all saw me going >> as y'all saw me going through all of this through all of this stuff, to expose it, i stuff, to expose it, i was like an inspector. was like an inspector. and in a sense, i were and in a sense, i were acting like acting like an an archaeology. archaeology. but just as he finds art, but just as he finds art, others may overlook. others may overlook. >> you will probably see >> you will probably see it in the future. it in the future. >> an unusual kind of >> an unusual kind of cure ray tor found him. cure ray tor found him. >> this room is the box >> this room is the box of lonnie holly. of lonnie holly. meet bill arnett, a meet bill arnett, a curator with a cause. curator with a cause. >> if he had been let's >> if he had been let's just say white living in just say white living in new york, he would be a new york, he would be a celebrity long ago. celebrity long ago. in my opinion. in my opinion. and he will be anyway, and he will be anyway, but sometimes it takes but sometimes it takes longer. longer. >> >> the art may'm involved the art may'm involved

with is about that with is about that compares favorably with compares favorably with any art that's been any art that's been produced anywhere on produced anywhere on earth in the past 100 earth in the past 100 years. years. so i wouldn't be involved so i wouldn't be involved with it otherwise. with it otherwise. i am not fascinated by i am not fascinated by primitive, or naive, or primitive, or naive, or folkky things. folkky things. i am interested in the i am interested in the great art of the word, great art of the word, and i spent my life and i spent my life exploring it. exploring it. he then cure rating he then cure rating exhibitions, and exhibitions, and consulting around consulting around the the world. world. >> i came to realize here >> i came to realize here we had something in the we had something in the south that was equal to south that was equal to all of that, i realized all of that, i realized there was something here there was something here i didn't know about, and i didn't know about, and neither did anybody else, neither did anybody else, and it and it was just lurking was just lurking out there. out there. >> in >> in the 1970's, arnett the 1970's, arnett began to travel the back began to travel the back roads and discovered art roads and discovered art nobody knew about. nobody knew about. >> and i discovered here >> and i discovered here in the south, we had this in the south, we had this black cultural, which had black cultural, which had been making art since

been making art since probably the first slaves probably the first slaves got off the boat. got off the boat. and black people weren't and black people weren't allowed to have written allowed to have written languages and languages and to create to create things publicly, the way things publicly, the way other civilizations do. other civilizations do. so they made these things so they made these things in secretsy, and defense in secretsy, and defense passed along verbally. passed along verbally. >> one of the first >> one of the first artists arnett met was artists arnett met was lonnie holly. lonnie holly. who then introduced him who then introduced him to thornton dial, an to thornton dial, an artist who would become artist who would become world renowned. world renowned. >> dial was terribly >> dial was terribly reluctant to talk to me. reluctant to talk to me. or to talk about his art, or to talk about his art, because he came from a because he came from a generation which had been generation which had been taught don't let white taught don't let white people know what you are people know what you are thinking. thinking. just stay out of sight. just stay out of sight. dial finally pull add dial finally pull add piece out, and it was the piece out, and it was the most remarkable piece of most remarkable piece of art. art. i asked did he have any i asked did he have any other things. other things. very very rarely. very very rarely.

>> i really -- if god >> i really -- if god came down and gave me a came down and gave me a choice of who to have in choice of who to have in the the museum, i would have museum, i would have kept that. kept that. and i'd have made a and i'd have made a list, list, and william louie and william louie dreyfuss is a prominent dreyfuss is a prominent collector with his own collector with his own mow seem. mow seem. >> i think this will be a >> i think this will be a very important painting. very important painting. by it should be. by it should be. >> after he discovered >> after he discovered dial, he bout more dial, he bout more than than 125 of his 125 of his works. works. >> before white folks in >> before white folks in the world, -- he has an the world, -- he has an understanding of what understanding of what black america is about. black america is about. i have a lot of i have a lot of admiration for him. admiration for him. >> bill arnett went on to >> bill arnett went on to does cover dozens of does cover dozens of other artists. other artists. >> this is an artist from >> this is an artist from memphis, died a few years memphis, died a few years ago, his flame was joe ago, his flame was joe light. light. this is a woman named this is a woman named

mary tillman smith, who mary tillman smith, who lives in hazlehurst, lives in hazlehurst, mississippi. mississippi. >> artist who the art >> artist who the art establishment has failed establishment has failed to notice. to notice. earn though they were earn though they were hiding hiding in plain sight. in plain sight. >> the next artist we >> the next artist we come to here. come to here. he began painting in an he began painting in an alley in alley in a ghetto in a ghetto in miami. miami. >> and bill with his son >> and bill with his son matt, found artists matt, found artists hidden in an isolated hidden in an isolated pocket pocket of rural america. of rural america. a name the arnetts would a name the arnetts would make famous. make famous. every day that we intent every day that we intent in the early days it was in the early days it was a sense of discovery, a sense of discovery, daily. daily. >> we would meet a new >> we would meet a new quilt maker that would quilt maker that would show us work that had show us work that had been made 20, 30, 50 been made 20, 30, 50 years ago, and here it years ago, and here it was. was. seeing the light for the seeing the light for the first time. first time. >> so we started going on >> so we started going on a regular basis and word a regular basis and word got around, and some got around, and some

crazy white people paying crazy white people paying crazy prices for some of crazy prices for some of your old stuff. your old stuff. >> everything about it >> everything about it was life changing. was life changing. >> the quilts were made >> the quilts were made from old from old work clothes work clothes that had become too worn that had become too worn to wear. to wear. >> some of the most >> some of the most beautiful things i had beautiful things i had ever seen in my life, and ever seen in my life, and i can imagine if some art i can imagine if some art lover had lover had lived in paris, lived in paris, and just say he had come and just say he had come upon picasso, or because upon picasso, or because tis, or barack or any of tis, or barack or any of these guys and these guys and recognized recognized wow, the history of art wow, the history of art is about to change. is about to change. and i am here to look at and i am here to look at it and 1245's the way i it and 1245's the way i felt. felt. that's exciting. that's exciting. so i took it to people, i so i took it to people, i didn't want to make money didn't want to make money from it. from it. i didn't want to control i didn't want to control it, i wanted to just it, i wanted to just disseminate it. disseminate it. i wanted the information i wanted the information to get out. to get out. >> arnett introduced >> arnett introduced artists to art artists to art collectors. collectors. dealers and gallery dealers and gallery owners. owners.

he has allowed my work to he has allowed my work to be on exhibit in atlanta, be on exhibit in atlanta, in some of the greater in some of the greater institutions like the institutions like the united nations, my work united nations, my work is in the smithsonian. is in the smithsonian. he also introduced porch he also introduced porch dial to the arth world. dial to the arth world. >> i think the work is >> i think the work is incredible. incredible. >> >> recognizing dial for recognizing dial for the extraordinary the extraordinary contribution. contribution. >> arnett had his critics >> arnett had his critics those those who accuse the who accuse the white art connoisseur of white art connoisseur of ripping off uneducated ripping off uneducated artists. artists. >> accusations that i was >> accusations that i was taking black artists and taking black artists and profiting from them, is profiting from them, is more painful than i would more painful than i would like to try to explain. like to try to explain.

it got real bad. it got real bad. my dad is one of the most my dad is one of the most upbeat people, and he upbeat people, and he went through many years went through many years where i think it was hard where i think it was hard for him to get for him to get out of out of bed. bed. >> lonnie holly made >> lonnie holly made clear what think thought. clear what think thought. >> he did not take >> he did not take advantage of myself, or advantage of myself, or as far as i'm concerned as far as i'm concerned no other artist, because no other artist, because to me, he was coming in to me, he was coming in our lives, he was giving our lives, he was giving us us more for our would more for our would recollects of art than we recollects of art than we really really had ever really really had ever received before. received before. he was giving he was giving us time to us time to actually develop and also actually develop and also hi was taking the time to hi was taking the time to take the work to the next take the work to the next level. level. for us. for us. >> but the rumors scared >> but the rumors scared off the galleries and off the galleries and museums which were about museums which were about to feature the work to feature the work afternoon nest has afternoon nest has discovered. discovered. >> the next thing you >> the next thing you know, dial can't have a know, dial can't have a show anywhere. show anywhere. everything gets canceled. everything gets canceled. >> it tooks years but >> it tooks years but eventually, the eventually, the accusations and the accusations and the

controversy faded, and controversy faded, and the art spoke for itself. the art spoke for itself. >> >> i didn't quit, i think i didn't quit, i think that's my best talent, is that's my best talent, is my unwillingness to give my unwillingness to give up. up. >> and bill arnett has >> and bill arnett has not given up. not given up. the work he has the work he has championed is finally championed is finally getting its due. getting its due. articles, museum articles, museum exhibits, even postage exhibits, even postage stamps. stamps. i found some chop sticks. i found some chop sticks. >> lonnie holly finally >> lonnie holly finally got a new york show. got a new york show. >> >> i am trying to make a i am trying to make a joyful noise. joyful noise. >> bill arnett is 74 now, >> bill arnett is 74 now, and stepping back a bit and stepping back a bit from his life's work, but from his life's work, but his son matt has picked his son matt has picked up the baton still up the baton still looking out for the looking out for the artist they discovered artist they discovered still bringing their art still bringing their art to the world. to the world. >> >> i feel good about this i feel good about this right here. right here. >> >> comings up next, comings up next, catching an american catching an american

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on a crisp morning. on a crisp morning. while most of the country while most of the country is sleeping, steve train is sleeping, steve train is leaving the shore. is leaving the shore. the sea has been the the sea has been the source of steve's source of steve's livelihood for 25 years. livelihood for 25 years. you guys about you guys about ready? ready? >> he is a lobsterman. >> he is a lobsterman. one one of 5,000 lobsterman of 5,000 lobsterman that are the backbone of that are the backbone of mains coastal economy. mains coastal economy. but now, steve's way of but now, steve's way of life is threatened. life is threatened. jolted because the jolted because the ecology and the economy ecology and the economy of main are suddenly of main are suddenly going in different going in different directions. directions. >> have to be three and a >> have to be three and a quarter inch from the eye quarter inch from the eye to the back of the shelf. to the back of the shelf. these are too small. these are too small. >> the lobster harvest is >> the lobster harvest is at a record high. at a record high. >> those are good ones. >> those are good ones. >> those >> those are good. are good. >> but prices near an all >> but prices near an all time low. time low. >> it is just like

>> it is just like anything else, supply and anything else, supply and demand. demand. we have ago supply, and we have ago supply, and we don't have the demand we don't have the demand to match it. to match it. >> we return probably ten >> we return probably ten times as much as we can. times as much as we can. >> good >> good conservation conservation techniques with warmer techniques with warmer waters from climate waters from climate change have led to an change have led to an explosion in the lobster explosion in the lobster catch. catch. >> how many? >> how many? do we have a count? do we have a count? >> so many lobsters >> so many lobsters prices. prices. falling falling from $6 a pound from $6 a pound wholesale in 20005, to wholesale in 20005, to about $3 a pound today. about $3 a pound today. >> economically, as would >> economically, as would happen in any industry. happen in any industry. i don't know what jobs we i don't know what jobs we have if we aren't have if we aren't fishing. fishing. are you are you spending nit that spending nit that community? community? >> pat is working on >> pat is working on solutions. solutions. as the commissioner of as the commissioner of the main department of the main department of marine resources, he marine resources, he developed and promotes developed and promotes the the

fishing industry. fishing industry. >> less than eight years >> less than eight years we have doubled the we have doubled the volume. volume. >> that's a lot of >> that's a lot of lobster. lobster. >> >> 126 pounds in main 126 pounds in main alone. alone. you look at canada, and you look at canada, and we have a pure supply and we have a pure supply and demand issue. demand issue. when you put that much when you put that much volume out both domestic volume out both domestic and international, you and international, you have to be able to keep have to be able to keep pace. pace. and right now the pace of and right now the pace of volume is winning over volume is winning over demand. demand. >> to >> to cover the faces cover the faces they need to haul about they need to haul about 300 of these. 300 of these. now about three years ago now about three years ago when gas was cheeper he when gas was cheeper he only needed to get half only needed to get half as many. as many. >> that's before anybody >> that's before anybody on this boat has on this boat has pay add pay add dime. dime. that's if nothing breaks. that's if nothing breaks. that's just operating pop that's just operating pop is we like to cover that, is we like to cover that, with any luck we can do with any luck we can do better than that. better than that. you take what you get. you take what you get. it is fishing. it is fishing. we just like to go out we just like to go out and not lose money. and not lose money. i used to go out and just i used to go out and just make money, i have kind make money, i have kind of changed my attitude, of changed my attitude, it is nice to go out and it is nice to go out and

not lose money. not lose money. >> you want to treat >> you want to treat these like eggs. these like eggs. >> right now when you are >> right now when you are a fisherman, and you are a fisherman, and you are facing what the cost of facing what the cost of doing business when you doing business when you have all time high, fume have all time high, fume prices at an all time prices at an all time high. high. mortgage payments, kids mortgage payments, kids going off to college, and going off to college, and 5u8 the expenses they 5u8 the expenses they would have in life, they would have in life, they struggle, and they are struggle, and they are looking at finding ways looking at finding ways to be more profitable. to be more profitable. main is launching a new main is launching a new 2 1/2 million dollars 2 1/2 million dollars marketing campaign. marketing campaign. and new processing and new processing facilities like this, may facilities like this, may also help save the also help save the industry. industry. you have been doing this you have been doing this for a long time, are you for a long time, are you still in awe when you still in awe when you walk in and see this? walk in and see this? >> we have a great team. >> we have a great team. the folks the folks behind us, they behind us, they are tremendously skilled. are tremendously skilled. >> luke holden is the >> luke holden is the founder of restaurant founder of restaurant

chain looks monsters. chain looks monsters. they are all screwing it they are all screwing it up. up. >> he >> he was inspire bid the was inspire bid the shacks shacks he grew up around. he grew up around. >> so luke opened up his >> so luke opened up his first restaurant aimed at first restaurant aimed at serving serving a simple sweet a simple sweet roll. roll. >> tags forward we >> tags forward we have have seven in manhattan, three seven in manhattan, three in d.c., and you are here in d.c., and you are here today at cape seafood, today at cape seafood, which which is our lacest. is our lacest. >> this facility has >> this facility has processed 45,000 pounds processed 45,000 pounds of lobster, all of the of lobster, all of the meat here ends up at meat here ends up at lukes lobster. lukes lobster. >> do you see a day where >> do you see a day where lobster becomes a bigger lobster becomes a bigger part of the american part of the american diet? diet? are we on that path? are we on that path? >> we are getting better >> we are getting better at processing the at processing the lobster. lobster. finding new ways to ship finding new ways to ship it p i don't think it it p i don't think it will become like a will become like a burger, but is there an burger, but is there an opportunity for it to opportunity for it to become more accessible on become more accessible on the west coast, the west coast, internationally, i think internationally, i think so. so.

>> >> with the ant we with the ant we harvest now, we need harvest now, we need people like that are people like that are selling that product that selling that product that have people look at have people look at lobster in a different lobster in a different way. way. it isn't the big it isn't the big cooked cooked reticent plate item. reticent plate item. there's lobster meat there's lobster meat available cue to all the available cue to all the processing we have. processing we have. >> all of the challenges >> all of the challenges are not stopping a are not stopping a new new generation justin is a generation justin is a recent university physics recent university physics graduate. graduate. now a full time now a full time lobsterman. lobsterman. >> how does a guy with >> how does a guy with a a physics degree decides physics degree decides this is what he wants to this is what he wants to do? do? what do your parents say what do your parents say about that? about that? >> i'm not sure how they >> i'm not sure how they feel about it, but you feel about it, but you look out and this is your look out and this is your offense. offense. so -- a little bit better so -- a little bit better nan a cubicle. nan a cubicle. i like that it is always i like that it is always an adventure, never doing

an adventure, never doing the same thing over and the same thing over and over again. over again. you go out and you can you go out and you can make $2,000 or you can make $2,000 or you can lose $300. lose $300. kind of exciting. kind of exciting. >> yeah, you know math, >> yeah, you know math, you are a physics guy. you are a physics guy. >> a little bit of math, >> a little bit of math, yeah. yeah. >> these are really tough >> these are really tough times for times for the lobsterman the lobsterman when we when we started -- started -- 55-gallon drums it was 55-gallon drums it was $40. $40. now it is 190. now it is 190. fuel was $1.80, fuel was $1.80, and now and now it is $4.02. it is $4.02. >> what does all that >> what does all that math tell you. math tell you. >> fluctuating a lot. >> fluctuating a lot. and catch a lot more and catch a lot more lobster in order to make lobster in order to make money. money. >> is it interesting to >> is it interesting to you that a young guy like you that a young guy like justin who is 22, that justin who is 22, that has a four year degree in has a four year degree in physics physics wants to become a wants to become a lobsterman? lobsterman? >> i think a lot of us >> i think a lot of us were there whether it was were there whether it was 16 or 19, or 22. 16 or 19, or 22.

>> you were there at 1 >> you were there at 1 point. point. >> we were all there at 1 >> we were all there at 1 point. point. and people say why do you and people say why do you want to do that, why do want to do that, why do you want to put up with you want to put up with that. that. it is a way of life. it is a way of life. the sun was coming up, the sun was coming up, you don't want to give you don't want to give that up. that up. you get hooked on it, and you get hooked on it, and there's bad days and good there's bad days and good days and every one of days and every one of those good days you will those good days you will put up with two or three put up with two or three bad days to get another bad days to get another one. one. i have been doing this i have been doing this for 25 plus years and i for 25 plus years and i still take a camera out still take a camera out to take a picture of the to take a picture of the sun rise. sun rise. >> 25 years at sea and >> 25 years at sea and each day ends the same. each day ends the same. stephen and his crew take stephen and his crew take stock of the catch, and stock of the catch, and they hope for the best. they hope for the best. their goal was 300 to their goal was 300 to break even. break even. >> no, not a lot. >> no, not a lot. >> not a lot. >> not a lot. >> how did it go? >> how did it go? >> we have had a lot >> we have had a lot better days than that. better days than that.

if we make money it is a if we make money it is a good day. good day. >> it is a good day. >> it is a good day. a good day indeed. a good day indeed. ahead in our final ahead in our final segment, we visit segment, we visit america's great plains. america's great plains. the great beasts return the great beasts return so the black hills. so the black hills. where the bison got back. where the bison got back.

>> and now a techknow minute... >> and now a techknow minute...

final tonight, we marvel final tonight, we marvel at a creature native to at a creature native to the great plains. the great plains. and then hunted almost to and then hunted almost to extinction. extinction. the black hills to the black hills to explain how the biasson explain how the biasson and its defined its way and its defined its way home. home. >> >> in the black hills of in the black hills of south dakota these south dakota these cowboys and girls are cowboys and girls are preparing for work the preparing for work the way they did a century way they did a century ago. ago. >> we ask there's no harm >> we ask there's no harm that comes to man or that comes to man or beast. beast. >> but the dawn light >> but the dawn light

reveals a thoroughly reveals a thoroughly modern caravan winding modern caravan winding through the valley. through the valley. >> good morning. >> good morning. >> here at custard state >> here at custard state park, the crowds are park, the crowds are coming. coming. braving a damp wind, to braving a damp wind, to experience the spectacle experience the spectacle most americans have only most americans have only seen in the movies. seen in the movies. >> this is probably as >> this is probably as close to the old west as close to the old west as you are going to get. you are going to get. even though its species even though its species was slaughtered nearly to was slaughtered nearly to extinction. extinction. a wild herd of more than a wild herd of more than 1200 plains, big, and 1200 plains, big, and tough, weighing as much tough, weighing as much as 2,000 pounds. as 2,000 pounds. >> >> their lineage their lineage stretched back tens of stretched back tens of thousands of years before thousands of years before history history was ever written. was ever written. >> >> on this morning more on this morning more than 14,000 visitors from than 14,000 visitors from

all over the world come all over the world come to watch. to watch. they arrived with their they arrived with their three children, they are three children, they are on a year long trip on a year long trip around the country, part around the country, part of their home schooling. of their home schooling. >> i just love this >> i just love this opportunity to bring our opportunity to bring our kids out kids out here, and to here, and to just experience the just experience the natural history, to see natural history, to see the things we have read the things we have read about. about. >> for the three >> for the three children, the buffalo children, the buffalo become more than a dusty become more than a dusty lesson. lesson. >> i would have liked to >> i would have liked to have seen them roam by have seen them roam by the millions, i think the millions, i think that would have been that would have been amazing, but just being amazing, but just being able to see them at all able to see them at all is cool. is cool. >> and for mary ann, >> and for mary ann, proud of her la coat that proud of her la coat that sioux sioux heritage, the all heritage, the all night night drive was worth it. drive was worth it. >> almost watch me cry >> almost watch me cry when they run past, when they run past, because there's something because there's something about it that pulls at about it that pulls at you. you. pulls at my heart. pulls at my heart. >> and soon, over a ridge >> and soon, over a ridge top the first buffalo top the first buffalo break the horizon, barely break the horizon, barely visible visible at first, but at first, but then the then the whips crack, and

whips crack, and the cowboys holler the the cowboys holler the way they always have. way they always have. >> >> oh, get up there. oh, get up there. >> >> and the vast empty and the vast empty plains come to life. plains come to life. the ground itself shaking the ground itself shaking from the thundering from the thundering hooves. hooves. >> a sound so ominous it >> a sound so ominous it terrifies a herd of wild terrifies a herd of wild elk. elk. >> look at the helding, >> look at the helding, and sends them scattering and sends them scattering for safety. for safety. >> if the scene seems >> if the scene seems somehow familiar, no somehow familiar, no wonder, it was right here wonder, it was right here in this valley with the in this valley with the ancestors of these very ancestors of these very buffalo, where a star buffalo, where a star studded cast filmed the studded cast filmed the hollywood classic how the hollywood classic how the quest was won. quest was won. and for these modern and for these modern cowboys even with some cowboys even with some modern help, trying to modern help, trying to herd the buffalo on their herd the buffalo on their native turf, and not native turf, and not always getting their way. always getting their way. >> watch her, jeff, watch >> watch her, jeff, watch her. her.

>> get out of here. >> get out of here. up. up. >> was a hard pounding >> was a hard pounding thrill. thrill. buffalo are fierce and buffalo are fierce and fast, able to outrun a fast, able to outrun a horse or man in short horse or man in short bursts. bursts. this was this was terry sorenson's terry sorenson's fist time. fist time. >> when you are out there >> when you are out there among the thundering among the thundering herd, what is it like? herd, what is it like? >> very exhilarating. >> very exhilarating. very exciting. very exciting. racing along, wind racing along, wind flying, the buffalo, flying, the buffalo, everything like that, it everything like that, it was just a lot of fun. was just a lot of fun. >> and after >> and after participating in more participating in more than 40 round ups bob than 40 round ups bob landis knows why the landis knows why the crowds have grown, from crowds have grown, from just a few hundred, to just a few hundred, to thousands of spectators. thousands of spectators. >> they see running >> they see running horses running just as horses running just as hard as they can run, hard as they can run, cracking whips, yelling, cracking whips, yelling, it is just something that it is just something that you kind of get into it, you kind of get into it, and they are rooting and they are rooting basically i think for the basically i think for the buffalo. buffalo. >> and it is no wonder >> and it is no wonder that crowds today root that crowds today root for the buffalo. for the buffalo. considering it's tortured considering it's tortured past in this country. past in this country. >> the buffalo here are >> the buffalo here are

direct dissen dents of direct dissen dents of five wild caves says by a five wild caves says by a south dakota ranker in south dakota ranker in 1883. 1883. by then, the buffalo were by then, the buffalo were this close to extinction. this close to extinction. and one of the more and one of the more shameful episodes in shameful episodes in american history, a american history, a combination of greed, and combination of greed, and government policy nearly government policy nearly wiped out these wiped out these magnificent creatures. magnificent creatures. >> the nearby rapid city >> the nearby rapid city we found a museum, we found a museum, dedicated to tilling that dedicated to tilling that terrible tail. terrible tail. inside, inside, founders susanne founders susanne showed us a blown up showed us a blown up photograph, of buffalo photograph, of buffalo skulls piled several skulls piled several cities high. cities high. >> what are we seeing >> what are we seeing here? here? >> it is a stunning >> it is a stunning picture, that illustrates picture, that illustrates perfectly the massacre. perfectly the massacre. >> a massacre of millions >> a massacre of millions over a span of just a few over a span of just a few decades in the decades in the 19th century, slaughtered 19th century, slaughtered by trappers, and by trappers, and tourists, and hunts, off tourists, and hunts, off with the support of the with the support of the u.s. government. u.s. government. >> as the railroad forge >> as the railroad forge its way west, and its way west, and settlers began to flood settlers began to flood

the plays, the byson were the plays, the byson were in essence in the way. in essence in the way. and so they were and so they were shot, shot, and exterminated to make and exterminated to make way for western way for western settlement. settlement. >> the railroads promoted >> the railroads promoted buffalo shooting buffalo shooting executions wherebyson executions wherebyson were slaughtered merely were slaughtered merely for sport. for sport. >> it was just made out >> it was just made out to seem such a glorious to seem such a glorious event, and so sporting event, and so sporting and so exciting. and so exciting. to be out in the american to be out in the american west and shooting these west and shooting these large animals. large animals. and there was nothing and there was nothing sporting about it. sporting about it. >> then the army hires >> then the army hires hunters to kill millions hunters to kill millions more, knowing the indians more, knowing the indians considered the enemy back considered the enemy back then depended on then depended on the you the you have buffalo for food and have buffalo for food and clothing. clothing. general phillip shareton general phillip shareton urged government help for urged government help for the hunters send them the hunters send them powder and led if you powder and led if you will for the sake of will for the sake of lasting peace, let them lasting peace, let them kill skin and sell until kill skin and sell until the buffaloes are the buffaloes are exterminated. exterminated. >> the buffalo hunters >> the buffalo hunters did more than an entire did more than an entire army of soldiers could

army of soldiers could have done. have done. by forcing the -- by by forcing the -- by getting the indians to go getting the indians to go on to to reservations and on to to reservations and that was by killing off that was by killing off their food source. their food source. >> as many as 60 million >> as many as 60 million buffalo once roamed north buffalo once roamed north america, by the america, by the 1880s 1880s only a few hundred only a few hundred survived. survived. these vast planes one these vast planes one home to thundering herds home to thundering herds fell silent and empty. fell silent and empty. a death wind blew a death wind blew across across the prairie wrote the the prairie wrote the sioux chief a death wind sioux chief a death wind for my people. for my people. it was a trackdy. it was a trackdy. and to know that they are and to know that they are slaughtered just for slaughtered just for their tongues or their their tongues or their hides or just for hides or just for pleasure, i don't like pleasure, i don't like it, it makes me angry. it, it makes me angry. >> >> it was a shame, it was a shame, something we should be something we should be ashamed of. ashamed of. we should be ashamed that

we should be ashamed that human beings did this. human beings did this. >> but slowly and surely, >> but slowly and surely, thanks to careful thanks to careful management, the buffalo management, the buffalo are coming back, at are coming back, at custard state park, home custard state park, home to the dissen dents of to the dissen dents of that hand full of that hand full of stranded calfs the herd stranded calfs the herd has grown so it must be has grown so it must be called every year. called every year. >> the >> the buffalo inspected buffalo inspected against infectious against infectious diseases. diseases. then branded. then branded. so the animals can be so the animals can be tracked over time. tracked over time. craig pugsly helped craig pugsly helped coordinate the annual coordinate the annual round up. round up. >> for us it is a >> for us it is a management tool. management tool. we will do the round up we will do the round up whether anybody showed up whether anybody showed up or not. or not. we need to bring in the we need to bring in the herd and get an accurate herd and get an accurate account. account. we vaccinate the heifer we vaccinate the heifer caves and we call out the caves and we call out the ones we go going to sell. ones we go going to sell. >> so the rounds up >> so the rounds up is is for mar than a spectator for mar than a spectator sport. sport.

how long are you going to how long are you going to keep riding here? keep riding here? >> until the day i die. >> until the day i die. >> my goal is to be >> my goal is to be riding along and hit the riding along and hit the ground dead. ground dead. as i fall off my horse. as i fall off my horse. >> chasing a buffalo. >> chasing a buffalo. >> chasing a >> chasing a buffalo. buffalo. >> now number nearly >> now number nearly 400,000, it has taken 100 400,000, it has taken 100 years but the species is years but the species is secure, no longer in secure, no longer in danger. danger. the ma guestic the ma guestic animal as animal as vived reminder of what 24 vived reminder of what 24 country came so close to country came so close to losing and a stunning losing and a stunning example of how these example of how these efforts to save an efforts to save an enduring symbol have enduring symbol have prevailed. prevailed. in spite of in spite of a scandalous a scandalous past. past. >> >> blame blame . .

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