>> welcome to the news hour. these are the main stories from london, tens of thousands flee for their lives, taking shelter at an airport. >> an opposition leader is sentenced to death again. >> the latest from europe, including no retreat. protestors in key every reinforce their passions as the

e.u. said the ukraine prepares to sign a trade deal. >> pomp and circumstance as russian president putin delivers his state of the union address. >> welcome to the program. we begin in the central african republic where tens of thousands of civilians have been streaming toward the airport fleeing violence between rival militia groups that have killed more than 500 people in the past week. aid agencies say stabilizing the situation is not working. first, we report on the edge of the airport. >> the situation here is just terrible. there are around 40,000 people here who are forced to stay in shelter here close to the french

and trick ken forces because they don't feel safe enough to go home. i can show you where some of the people are sleeping and setting up their catches, underneath old airplanes. this is an international airport, this side is where old abandoned planes are. you can see people are sheltering beneath them because the sun is so hot, they don't have tents, there's nothing for them here. at the moment, they don't have enough food and water. everybody who's come up to us has asked us for assistance, and we told them we're journalists, there's nothing we can do. all we can do is tell their story. the world food program has been here. this is health assist oops, but the situation here is as you can see just terrible for these people. it's not just here, there are more than 100,000 people all over the city in around 30 sites

also forced to live out, they can't return home. this is the picture here. outside the city in the countryside, we're looking at hundred was thousands of people. now the people here have some limited protection from african forces and also the french, but the situation here in this camp is very, very tense as you can imagine. the problem is that they need to get help as soon as possible, but humanitarian agencies don't feel safe enough to come here. >> joining me live is mikkel newman. thousands of people have been fleeing the violence in a c.a.r. your organization has heavily criticized the united nations for not doing enough. what have you been asking the u.n. for and why haven't they

responded? >> we've been working in african republic for many, many years and the population has reached something that has known no equivalent in the past few days. we feel very much alone in our response not only in the half sector but as your report mentioned with reward to food and water for most of the displaced persons that are gathered in and around the capitol and in the rest of the country. there's been no food distribution for the population living in the airs for the last six to seven days now. this is a very worrying trend. why is that? this is a good question -- yes? >> m.s.f. has called on all sides in the conflict, mikkel, to allow safe passage for the wounded, for the sick.

just talk us through quickly if you can what other challenges your teams are facing on the ground. >> security has been an issue working in the south african republic for many years. our teams have been however able to deploy. i think that those justification and insecurity are somewhat irrelevant. we have more than 100 international staff present in the country. we work in over 10 project sites. that there are ways to work in this country. money is and has been the problem for many years, not enough attention for a country. this is a trend that needs to be reversed. >> what about the situation outside of the capitol? how desperate is the situation there? >> i've been mentioning other sights that we're working in, in particular i'm thinking of a

place located a couple of kilometers north, a place that has known massive violence in and around august and september. we still are assisting around 40,000 people there. here, like we are there, we feel very alone. there is very little assistance reaching this population. the hess these people are helped, the more they feel anger and the more the consequences can be dire. >> let me get a final thought from you. there's no official army or police to maintain law and order. has the deployment of french troops made a difference to the situation for organizations like m.s.n.? >> the situation is far from being stablized. 48 last hours have been very

difficult, now it seems that this has reached some calm eventually. it's very early to tell. we'll see, judge on facts and circumstances, with we don't know yet. we can only hope some security is brought to the country and here in particular so that the economy activities of the population can revive so that the population can go back to the places. there's been little sign of that so far, but they've been only deployed for less than a week, so we'll see. >> ok, thank you. >> a courting bangladesh cleared the way for the execution of opposition leader. the supreme court has reject's his appeal against the death penalty. he was due to be hanged on tuesday for war crimes but given a last minute reprieve. while people were celebrating inside the courtroom, violent protests on the streets

occurred. >> he has failed for a review petition under article 105 and that has been dismissed by the honorable appellate court of the bangladesh supreme court, and now the execution can be proceeded as per rules. >> we are surprised by this judgment, and we believe that justice has been denied to our client. he has been sentenced to death on the basis of a single witness who has said different things in different places. we don't know what it is in the body of the judgment. we'll be able to know it after the full judgment is signed, but what the government is wanting to do, they should do something which is not dissension of the

law and they should follow the rules. >> the government accuses him of organizedding a series of killings as bangladesh fault for independence from pakistan. in 2010, special trials were set up for suspected war criminals. he could be the first person to be executed as a result of that process, but he and his followers have dismissed the trials, saying it's politically motivated. his party is an ally of the national party, led by his bitter rival. >> we are joined live from the capitol. the supreme court has now upheld the death sentence. what's about that the reaction there?

>> we're having some problems there. if we can, we'll try and come back to him a little bit later in the program. >> still lots more to come here in the news hour, including kenya's public health system grinds to a halt as workers walk off the job. >> thousands pay tribute to nelson mandela. >> one step is here and the next down a crevasse. you can't see where you're going. >> we find out why people run nap story later in sport.

>> the u.n. closed its offices in the yemeny capital. american and turkish schools have been closed. security forces have been on high alert since a suicide attack at the defense ministry complex last week. dozens were killed in the explosion. al-qaeda has claimed responsibility. >> police in egypt have fired tear gas and water cannon at protestors at the university. it is near the headquarters of the capitol cairo. 35 students have been detained on charges of public disorder. they are part of a student protest saturday. >> he called the police because of a threat at the university.

>> we just told the police because sabotage was there in the premises of the university. some of the the students are a real threat, and we need to protect our employees. we have like 5,000 people there working and we need to protect them. >> when you find an attack, an assault on a building, and people are using knives and such, weapons and sabotage was there, they hit the buildings and they destroyed a wall next to the main gate, and some people with masks are carrying weapons, so this is a real threat. the university is there for education, and not for

demonstrations. this is an institution for education. there is a law to protect the university, and a law against sabotage and the law will be applied. >> ukrainian officials are in brussels for talks with the european union. for more, barbara, over to you. >> the move comes as the foreign policy chief says the president intends to sign a trade and cooperation agreement. he rejected last month at the protest. the government has been stepping back. we are joined live now in the ukrainian capitol. there appears to be some move on the diplomatic front and yet the demonstrators aren't easing up at all. >> no, they're not at the talks, because they're united in their

opposition to president yanokovich, but there is a degree and disparity between the groups. they all want different things. i'm sure this camp below me here that now has an air of permanence about it, as you walk through, you'll find people from all sorts of persuasions, but we've been treated to an impromptu fireworks display. protestors are practicing their march a lot, techniques. there's even been an impromptu choir set up, apart from the enter taillight from the stage. united in opposition to yanokovich, but very splintered in their approach as an opposition. my colleague robin walker has been to city hall, one of the strongholds of the opposition movement. >> if you're one of the

thousands of ukrainians who have traveled to join the protest movement, you can come here for warmth. the city hall is in revolutionary hands. the opposition nationalists party is running things, organizing care, catering and a place to sleep. that's good p.r., but bogdan said it's not about the politics. >> i think this is not the main issue to be discussing here. we all want one goal. >> that's the removal of the president and a european future. who could lead a new ukraine? three main opposition parties are competing nor influence. a civil party wants them to put their differences aside and agree on basic reforms. >> we are competitors.

♪ >> while this revolutionary movement continues, regardless of their political persuasion, they're still singing with with one voice. >> this mom knee could be their own doing. >> confidence that yanokovich will sign the trade agreement is shared. how is it there? >> they're highly skeptical. the protestors here think their president has lost all credibility. i think the key phrases that they would point to in this apparent not agreement, but kind of understanding between catherine ashton and president yanokovich would be eventually sign a deal, and sometime in the

near future, or in the future, as it were, and that is the key. is he really able to sign up to a deal with europe? russia is still putting him under immense pressure to join their customs union. president putin in his annual address to particle has said that he would still like him to sign, although there was a hint of conciliation perhaps when he said we don't want to pressure anyone, but in reality, the pressure on ukraine to stay allied to moscow is enormous. president yanokovich knows that he has friends there, who will ensure his continued for help to ensure his continued political success, in other words remain in power. realistically, the ukrainian economy is in dyer straights and cheap gas from russia is vital. also, for them to sign up with europe would require a lot of

financial effort, which ukraine simply you doesn't have, and the e.u. is very clear in it's assertion that there can be no rewriting of the agreement that is on the table, still remains on the table, but they can't try to rewrite it further in their favor. >> later in the program, we're going to hear about putin's state of the union address where he mentions ukraine. thank you. >> plenty more to come from europe in this news hour, including: >> the exhibition in london from a unique artist about the representations of his countries misfortunes. >> kenya's high court has ordered public health workers to

go back to work after a two day strike. services have been suspended at hospitals across the country. two have died and scores of patients stranded. medical workers are angry at a plan to devaluize the health service, saying local authorities can't afford to pay them a fair wage. we are live in nairobi. this strike has paralyzed hospitals everywhere. tell us what's happening there. >> that's correct, it's a crisis situation. hospitalling have been paralyzed. thong, we visited a couple of hospitals that gates are closed, nobody's allowed in. we talked to patients who had gone to this hospital and don't know what to do. those who are still admitted are not being attended to. now the government has been hiring bringing back retirees and hiring enters to sort of contain the situation, but the situation cannot be contained. the nurses and doctors are

saying they're going to continue with the strike until their demands are met and to expand this further is the chairperson of the kenya union. why exactly are you still socializing the public health sector, yet this was in the constitution that was passed in 2010? >> we supported the revolution, but the manner in which it is carried out is what we are opposed to and we are only asking for the government one aspect, which is giving out the human resource to the national government and leaving out the resources. >> decentralizing the payroll, how will this affect you? >> we have gone to those

counties and met. those given office there are being sent back. we don't know how promotions will be done. we don't know, people there have decided to turn to tribalism, discrimination, nepotism, favoritism, if you support the government, you don't get the position. we are finding that the capacity's not there. >> the government has been making concessions. you've been talking with the government and it has gone ahead and said that this implementation process was supposed to stop this month. they're going to push it to february so they can allow for negotiations and consultations with with you, yet your workers continue to strike. we've seen images of people suffering in hospital. why is that? >> we have asked the public for permission to make policies that are going to carry the

revolution and the government. we have asked the government to make the health policy, to guide and define which one is a counted facility. so far, no definition has been done. we have asked the government to put the health law into place. >> this strike, when will it end? we are in holiday now, the holiday starts now, services resume again on monday. in consultation with the government, why can't you just stop to allow for room for consultation? >> we are consulting the government. we have culled once, twice, yesterday, we spent most of the time on health and we have reached that deal with parliamentary committee on

health. the time frame, we are simply saying extend the period. you can extend to two months, give it six months, and take that on the laws and policies. the policies are in place. yesterday with the parliament, we are spending out the public service policy, will it be in place by the end of march, the health policy by the end of march and the enactment of the health law within a period of six months. >> the workers, health workers say they are not going to budge until their demands are met. even with a court order, they are going to defy it and continue. people are worried about the consequences of this if this

issue is not resolved as quickly as possible. >> catherine in any robe cry, thank you. >> now thousands of south african have been lining up to pay their last respect to say nelson mandela. the former president's body is lying in tate for a second day in pretoria. he'll be buried on sunday in a private ceremony at his home in eastern cape. mike hanna has more. >> the crowds have been gathering since early in the morning, snaking around inside the grounds moving to the buses. it's not just inside here. take a look at this, the line is stretching into the road outside, moving for well over a kilometer down the road, peoplement that waiting patiently to get on the buses to see mandela's body. in 1994, there were scenes like this when south africans went to the polls to cast a vote,

putting nelson mandela and his government in power. this is like 1994, isn't it, people went to vote for mandela, now they're going to go and see him. >> definitely. as south africans, we feel blessed to be a part of this group that are celebrating nelson mandela. he has been a great man to the country and world. for us to be part of this is one of the things that will come in. >> he gave us the freedom to choose to come here today, free doom to live our lives. he gave us a future. the very least we can do is to come today and pay our respects. >> heads of state from around the world have had their say. south africa's political leaders have made the eulogies.

perhaps there is no fitting memorial, the ordinary people who waited all those years ago in the blazing sun to take their freedom now once again queuing patiently toing that the man who brought it to them. >> much more to come on the news hour including from a fridge to a boat, fishermen in the philippines using whatever they can. >> in sport, it's almost crunch time for england to face australia.

>> this entire region is utterly devastated. >> people our here are struggling. >> the fire jumped the highway we took earlier. >> your average viewer want's to actually understand how the health care law is going to help them or hurt them. >> they know they can get extremist bickering somewhere else. >> people say that we're revolutionary. our revolution is just going back to doing the best in journalism. >> this is the place to go watch high quality journalism, period.

>> al jazeera america is a straight-forward news channel. >> its the most exciting thing to happen to american journalism in decades. >> we believe in digging deep. >> its unbiased, fact-based, in-depth journalism. >> you give them the facts,

dispense with the fluff and get straight to the point. >> i'm on the ground every day finding stories that matter to you. >> in new orleans... >> seattle bureau... >> washington... >> detroit... >> chicago... >> nashville... >> los angeles... >> san francisco... >> al jazeera america, take a new look at news. >> welcome back. aid workers warn of a humanitarian crisis in the central african republic. tens of thousand yous have been flee hing the fighting and seeking refuge at the capitols main airport.

>> a death sentence upheld for a crime during the war of independence in bangladesh. >> thousands are demonstrators still on the streets of kiev. >> the u.n. has warned without a resolution, violence could descend into a full civil war. >> there are so many wounded, there are no more room in the hospitals. these tents are now wards. benjamin moved his wife and 10 children to the airport. he was shot as he tried to leave. >> i've been there for three days. we hadn't eaten, so i went to the market to try to get food.

selica came to the market and started shooting. >> in muslim areas of town, it is african union soldiers keeping watch. there is anger as more bodies are brought to the mosque. people here accuse the french of killing at least three people. >> it's not up to us muslims to bring peace. it's the duty of our christian brothers with, too. everyone is suffering today, children, women, innocent people who are dying. >> french soldiers are here to stop the killing, but france risks being drawn into a complex and dangerous urban war. >> after the deaths of two french soldiers, the forces here are being extremely cautious. the challenge for the french is to convince people from both a christian and muslim communities that they are on their side. >> this is a former french

colony. since independence, there have always been some french soldiers in the country, and accusations of political manipulation. there is mistrust again about france's intentions here. >> there are muslim and christian neighborhoods. the muslim population is perhaps less happy that that the christian population in the sense that selica used to protect the muslims. >> and protection means everything to people here. they want to walk their own streets without the fear of being shot, but with no credible army or police force, international peace keepers must fill the gap. that will not be an easy task.

>> vladamir putin has given his state of the union address. >> he talked in a wide ranging speech to both houses of parliament, defenderring conservative values and commenting on the situation in ukraine, syria and iran. peter shortstop was listening in. >> at the kremlin, the russian president was said to be working on his state of the nation speech oh right up to about half an hour before delivery at the great hall. never shy to court international attention, he will have been graddified by the influential forbes magazine vote i can him most powerful person in the world. this was a speech addressed to the people of russia and those who exercise the levers of power across the nation. >> no one should have any illusions about the possibility of gaining military superiority over russia. i will never law you this to

happen. >> defense spending, he said is vital in protecting russia's borders. $700 billion will be spent on defense over next 10 years. >> not once did we put in danger our own problem, security or global stability. this is exactly how a responsible and mature nation should act. >> on domestic issues, putin said the entire high education system needed to be upgraded to produce qualified graduates. he spoke about the impact of legal immigration on jobs. he said little about across the border in ukraine. >> i hope all political forces will be able to reach a deal in the interest of the ukrainian people and solve all existings problems. >> putin does not want to be

seen as interfering in this crisis, but for russia is a big part of it, so that will have to be resolved. >> on the streets, it was ukraine that grabbed the people's attention. the main problem for me is ukraine, that it could supply from us. someone has tried to break us apart and is succeeding. we should do something about this. >> there was a veiled swipe at the united states. russia said president putin does not aspire to absuper power. he said we have no aspirations in that direction. russia is a multi-ethnic and diverse country. peter sharp, aljazeera, in moscow. >> joining us now is the political analyst maria lit man also monitoring putin's speech. thank you so much for joining us. with everything going object in ukraine, we are seeing three weeks plus of demonstrations,

it's surprising he didn't focus more on ukraine. why do you think he did that? >> it was a surprise, maybe the most unaccepted part of his speech. he only mentioned ukraine in passing and did not refer to the political crisis in ukraine for many days now. he only referred to developments as those he is vents and sounds conciliatory, which was too unaccepted. he said russia would like ukraine to be part of thure rain union russia presides over, but russia is not imposing anything on anyone and he surprisingly referred to europe in which russia is in a standoff with ukraine as our european friends. >> he mentioned iran, saying the nuclear problem in iran no longer existed. he mentioned syria, the fact that russia had successfully

avoided military intervention. can we infer from those comments that perhaps russia's moving its intention to a new sphere of influence in a more open way no. >> this has important stamps all over, he tries to reinstate russia's high status as a great power if not a super power and he's gained several successes on this way, including syria. he sounded like he takes pride in his achievement over syria today. in a dignified way, he said we contributed to averting the world from yet another military intervention. on iran, he said with the iranian nuclear problem gone, may be an over statement, it is not color why there is still an urge for anti missile defense. he didn't mention the united states, but implied the united states. his signal was he doesn't see

any rationale for an anti missile defense on the part of the united states anymore. >> domestic issues played a key part in his speech, perhaps quite harsh with the government. what did you think? >> he sounded really harsh, criticizing those who failed to implement his decrease, during his campaign over a year ago. those were all about -- he didn't mention the cabinet, the harsh criticism was implied, not explicit and the target was of course the prime minister in the cabinet. >> thank you so much for sharing your views with us. >> the european union said slovenia can rare its troubled you financial system on its own. there is $6.6 billion in capitol

needed to rescue banks. the banks ever totaled $7 billion in bad loans. >> digital pictures caused a bit of an internet sensation, references syria's war in an intriguing, often is a tiriccal way. now the hearties work is on display in london. we met the man behind the images. >> if you spent anytime using social media earlier this year, you would have come across this picture. artwork went crime on line and picked up by news outlets, too, but the syrian artists work isn't quite what it seems. >> this is not really painted opt building, it's a trick. can you tell me what the trick is? >> it's totally done by photo shop, and actually, i want to make it as real as i can,

because i hope it was there and how we can fight like with love against it. >> he lives in dubai these days, but syria is on his heart and in his art. >> it makes me feel sad all the time, make we want to accept risks more and more and more. >> he's been pilfering from the cannon of western art and digitally enter imposing it over photos of the devastation caused by syria's war. the effects can be playful with, angry and sad all at the same time. >> one of the interesting things about him is this new very direct digital work is actually a bit of a departure for him as an artist. previously, he was doing much more abstract paintings, but the loss of his painter studio and

recent horrors of syria inspired him to change tack. >> this free roaming cut and paste technique certainly fits with our internet aiming. in one series, he borrows from the disney movie "up" to imagine a damaged apartment block fleeting through time and space. >> we can talk about the building, totally destroyed, people and their lives, where is it now. >> he has gone back to painting now, but his digital work is on display in london until january 30. >> those are the main stories from here in new york. let's go back to doha. >> kenya is celebrating 50 years of independence. ♪ ♪ >> thousands filled the stands of the stadium to celebrate.

we were there. >> not so surprisingly, a look back at the past half century, due are the was paid to kenyas foundings fathers and in particular those who struggled and suffered for its independence. police said in the intervening years, the economy made great strides. even though, he acknowledged short comings, saying there were serious problems to overcome with poverty, with infrastructure with, health care and so on. he singled out corruption, calling for kenyans ought to remember the past. >> the freedom with we enjoyed today was earned by the blood of patriots and their sacrifices must never be in vain. as we recognize the important role they played in our nations history, we must remember that the greatest honor that we can give them is to live by the high

ideals that they envisioned for kenya. >> perhaps most significantly, kenyatta went on to say that africa had found its voice, that after half a century of independence, it now was able to stand up for itself and that its voice had to be heard by the rest of the word. this was an african statesman asserting himself on the global stage. >> time for another short break. when we come back, we have sport. stay with us.

>> the u.n. is competing for aid to help more people in the philippines. fishermen loft their livelihoods. in central philippines, we report on the unusual way some some are coping. >> helicopters that once brought aid now fade into the distance. like other fishing communities washed away by the typhoon, people have to cope on their own. they have lost family members, homes and livelihoods, and now are left with the task of rebuilding. a short distance away at the government compound, aid is still being stock piled. the governor said these people are not forgotten, but admit

that the problem still is how to get aid to reach those who need it most. while the philippine government continue to map out a plan on how to spend the multi-million dollar international aid, they couldn't wait and found a solution themselves. this man has been self reliant making a living from the sea. he lost his boat, but didn't wait for help. >> i couldn't just sit around here and wait. nobody knew when aid would come, so i just figured it out on my own. >> from the debris of the storm, he found a way to feed his family. >> like that, the idea came to me. i only had my fishing net left. i needed something to sale me out to sea right away. >> a makeshift boat made from an

old refrigerator. it may be basic, but just lee te days after the typhoon, he was fishing again. a great idea said his fellow fishermen, so they built one, too. this village may have lost everything, but they are not hungry. it is that kind of resilience they say they learned the hard way. to get back on their feet, they know in the end, they only have themselves to rely on. aljazeera, central philippines. >> time for sport now. robin's here. >> the english are preparing for the europa league match, the team trying to spot heavy fog on the london patch. the remaining stages of the league competition promises more

excitement with the addition of eight teams from the u.s. championships league. >> difficult conditions obviously for the game, because we have qualified n.g.r. qualified, as well, the goal a two month break, you know, for their winter break, the last competitive game. all of this adds to, you know, to special circumstances in the game, if we can say that. >> there's a lot to play for in other games. valencia qualified take on kuban. there will be a real battle in

kiev. the second leg on wednesday, the score one off in the away match. scoring in the 21st minute, santiago sorba. the title is up for grabs, casablanca opened the world cup with a victory in abu dhabi. scored in stoppage time to win 2-1. mexican club monterey will be played in the quarter final match on sunday.

>> southeast asian games host myanmar have set their sights on a target of 100 gold medals at this year's event. the first full day of competition. a gold in the cross country cycling team relay on thursday, ahead of thailand and vietnam. they currently sit fourth in the title with five goals and 24 medals altogether. the men's football tournament, thailand beats indonesia 4-1, putting the thais in control. >> england and australia cricketers start. england must win if they want to avoid handing the iconic you are not over to the aussies. for the captains, the occasion is even more important, both

playing their 100th test match for their countries. >> starting tomorrow, i think tomorrow said crucial for us as a team to make sure we start well. whether that's been the battle with the ball, again, really happier to go watch training. i think that's been one of the most pleasing featurion of this team over the past 12 months is the way we have been preparing has held us in good stead on the field. >> as a sport, we've made a conscious effort. we have to look forward in this game rather than back on what's happened. that's not going to do us any good. the way we trained, gone about our business, trying to do thins the right way. >> new england had the edge in the second test against the west i understandies as the end of the second day. posting 441, they left them

trailing. the nelson mandela championship has been suspended by rain. the first round will resume friday. the thailand golf championship, off the green. shooting a two under 70, keeping him well off the pace. 17 son was a part of the two under 70. to the nhl, the blackhawks scored five times in a second period outburst. seven different scorers for the blackhawks, including michael

handzus who made it 3-1. at the end of the second period onslaught with captain jonathan toews deflecting home patrick sharp's shot en route to their 7-2 win. >> a freezing environment of the an arctic appears to be a place to run a marathon. this year, we are joined by our supports correspondent andy richardson as part of a documentary asking why we run. he found himself at the start line at the marathon. >> after months of training and imagining what this race would be like, reality is now well and truly biting.

the draining effect of the underfoot snow and ice is immediate. the strength is being pulled out of my body with every stride. >> one step is solid, the next on a crevasse. it's a catch 22 with your ice, goggles up, they're frozen and you can't see, up, your eyes freeze shut. >> i am very interested to see if he did manage to finish the an arctic ice marathon. later this thursday, check out

the marathon. >> andy gets all the good gigs, doesn't he? >> let's stay with colder climates. what did algae have in common with the arctic? >> plants underwater is part of an effort to document the impacts of climate change. we have the story. >> cutting deep into a distant past, what's being sliced here is the hard rocky exo tell to know found all over the word especially in the north. for several years, canada and the u.s. have been diving below the ocean, looking for algae. they weigh up to 70-kilos and once wrestled up to the surface and into labs down south, they are laying bare necessities of the changing climate.

>> we can see ring structures here that extend across the algae and they're very similar to tree ricks on land. >> dying algae's lay down a new calcium layer each year, but size depends on how much sunlight they've absorbed when the sea surface isn't frozen. a frozen climate means more sea ice and less growth. the growth rings show an arctic ocean increasingly free of ice. >> there were oscillations a little bit in the sea ice, but overall, have been starting around 1850, which coincides with the beginning of the industrial revolution, which also coincides with the end of a period that was called a little ice age. >> this is pure research, not activism, but the information feeds into work by other climate scientists that should tell us you what to expect as the earth warms. >> the longer perspective we can present and put into the climate models, the more accurately they can then predict what hill

happen in the future. >> arctic sea ice has melted rapidly unrecent years with some predicting an ice free north pole within a decade or two. the patterns found in the algae add to information about the warming polar seas. >> all these changes to the local environment impact wildlife and all around the world. they are a sign that climate change has gone too far and we need to take action. >> nowhere on either is climate change for acute than the arctic. more research is needed, but governments like canada's have made controversial cuts to science even as the ice melts and the north warms up. >> stay with us here on aljazeera. i'll be back at the top of the hour with another full bulletin of news. before we go, you can keep up to date with all the news on our website. there it is, aljazeera.com. stay tuned.

exclusive... former president jimmy carter reflects on the life and legacy of nelson mandela. >> that spirit of nelson mandela is embedded deeply in the heart and soul of the south africans... >> they worked side by side for freedom, now president carter talks about mandela's global impact. a revealing interview you won't see anywhere else. >> i've never heard him say, that he was grateful to the united states... >> talk to al jazeera with jimmy carter only on al jazeera america he wanted to cut the growth in cost of living adjustments and others that felt that was the wrong way to go to start to cut entitlements or at least slow the growth of entitlements. both of them came to a neutral, compromised ground. this is a compromise of the sort that people have been asking for for quite some time. the bottom line here, those conservative objections are getting some traction, but the betting is now this evening that

this is going to pass the house of representatives on thursday and go to the senate the next week and end up on the president's desk, joie. >> mike, thanks for being with us. we'll follow up. ahead. the international space station marks 15 years. are we getting enough bang for our buck, or is it just taking up space? get it? >> i'm phil torres coming up this week on techknow... for some soldiers the war never ends. watch as a battle once fought in a warzone, comes to life on a video screen. >> he was doused in deisel fuel >> can re-living trauma lead to a cure for ptsd? technow

on al jazeera america >> hello, welcome to aljazeera america. here are the top stories we're following at this hour. the house prepares for a possible vet on the budget deal. and cutting power to the prime minister's compound. and plus, tis the season. a shipping surge for the holidays. more jobs for kentucky. >> good to have you with us. congress is about to take up a compromise budget bill,