>> and this is al jazeera america, live from new york city. i'm tony harris with a look at the top stories. an nsa judge says phone surveillance is likely unconstitutional. the united nations makes an appeal to increase billions in aid to alleviate a humanitarian crisis. are antibacterial soaps doing their job? >> former national security agency contractor edward snowden

has leaked details of several programs. some have questioned whether those programs are legal. mike viqueria joins us from the white plaintiffs who brought this case against the national security agency. one big caveat here tony. he has stayed that injunction. he wants to allow the government time to appeal this ruling. he says does leon, an interesting phrase. the deposit don't cite a single instance in which nsa bulk data collection actually stopped an

imminent attack. this case was brought, you may have remembered this claim, he was a thorn in the side back then of all the sprayers various scandals. does not apply to since the onst of the

available to the intelligence community tony. >> the white house was asked about the possibility of granting working at the national security agency, keith alexander who runs the national security agency, both were interviewed on 60 minutes. and mr. legett was asked, should mr. snowden be given amnesty to limit the harm to the administration, staunch advocates of bringing snowden to justice.

jay carney's view, here he is: >> our position hasn't changed on that. what i can tell you, is this: mr. snowden has been accused of leaking classified information and he faces felony charges in the united states. he should be returned to the united states where he will be . >> you said it, mike viqueria, in washington, thank you. syrian war plains once again attacked opposition positions in the city of aleppo a day after air strikes killed 76 people, the united nations is asks for more help for those affected by the civil war that has left over

100,000 dead. >> desert 88thed beyond all imagination. the people of syria cannot afford another year, another month, even another day of brutality and destruction. >> well activists say at least 28 children were killed in sunday's attack. the strikes come as winter sets in helping to make life even more difficult for millions of syrian refugees. anita mcnaught from istanbul. >> the world food program for example estimates it's going to cost $2 billion every month to feed 7 million syrians. the last figure, more than 9 million syrians in urgent need of assistance. the united nations has estimated the refugee crisis for syrians who left the country will be

twice as large at the end of 2014 if nothing is done with the war raging inside the country. for how bad the situation is for refugees outside, it is worse for those inside. political wrangling who affects who can access, and how, and grievously affectby the weather, this bad weather is killing young syrians, old syrians and interrupting the rival of supplies. you have people without shelter, without heating oil, many areas unaccessible and many aid agencies have complained that the politics of working inside syria that too is also a big problem for them. you have areas where fighting between rebel groups and between rebel groups and the government is raging out of control in those areas, also out of bounds

for aid agencies, simply not safe. red cross staff has been killed and of course journalists can't tell the story either. more than half of that will be used to help refugees and people still inside syria. the world body is seeking $6.5 billion food shelter and health care. more than $4 billion will be used to help more than 4 million syrians living in neighboring six months ago. then they were asking for $4.4

billion for this year, they only got 60%. how they are going to achieve a much larger amount, they are going to have a conference that takes place in the small, rich emirate of kuwait. the situation is getting so much worse, one last statistic for you tony, exactly a year ago, there were half a million refugees in neighboring countries. as you said it's now 2.3 million. that's increased more than four times in just one year. >> this is crazy. all right ban ki-moon, what does he conclude, to, as that report

was presented to the security council, is a pretty fierce row that took place around the security table. we have been briefed by officials, briefed by the russian et cetera who were very scathing in their comments about what the french said. believed that the other side was not giving an accurate picture about what had out for what happened on those attacks. >> my goodness. thank you. joining me, bettinna luzer, good the to talk to you. i'm going to get to the work that the ngos and others are doing and the challenges they

are facing in just a moment. but what about this idea of another massive appeal of the international community to come forward? and according to james' report and everything i've seen, the international community has not fulfilled pledges made to this point. now someone has to say, you know, we've got a humanitarian crisis. you've got to step up to the plate and do something about this. >> i think we have another appeal and the numbers have gone up so much. shows how difficult the crisis on the ground is. >> to stay ahead of it. >> yeah. because you have to see, when money comes in it takes a while before it actually materializes onto the ground. we are going to take care of 7 million people, just think of that. it's the most largest and difficult and complex crisis we are facing. we are in some of the worst and most dangerous places on earth. so we're going to take care of more than 4 million people

inside syria and almost 3 million outside. the world really has to come together. when something like this happens you have to go out and say government of the world, but also businesses and private citizens like you and me, we all have to do something together to help this approach. >> what's happening here? the pictures are just horrendous. now we got the winter setting in and we've got the pictures of these tents being covered in snow. just take a look, it's horrendous. so what are we to make of this? what are we to say to the international community, what are we to think of the international community, that recognizes that there is a humanitarian crisis, not only a refugee crisis but internally displaced people? >> they are on the run. families have fled from one point to the next one to the next one. i mean we are trying care of 4 million inside. so despite all of the challenges there, there is huge work that is being done on the ground. but in order to keep this

momentum going -- >> it is donor fatigue? >> i don't think it's donor fatigue. it is harder for governments to come up with the money. they are eager to help. there's going to be this big conference where i'm sure governments will step up too but we need to step up in order to help folks. the need is getting better. >> how is it that -- there is not a humanitarian corridor inside syria, how is it that you're able to do to the extent you're able to do inside syria without a humanitarian corridor and hot spots everywhere? >> there are areas that we can't reach because of so many battles going on. just as an example our people have 3,000 trucks every month that transport food across check borders. you have sometimes 50 checkpoints from places to

places. we started places in northern iraq because there was not places in syria that we could reach. >> it is that complicated? >> it is that complicated. there are one area that we have to go to a neighboring country in order to circumvent, it is very, very hard, this is a brutal civil war. >> are you getting any cooperation from either side of the conflict? >> we are. you always negotiate an appeal to both sides but it has to be getting better. we need more access. there are many areas where we don't have access to and we are appealing to all sides to let us in. i brought some figures -- >> what is this? >> this is a special nutritional product. we are ved worried about the little kids between six months and three years old. we're worried about pregnant women who don't get enough food. in many places they were malnourished before the civil

war. >> what is this? >> it is called plumpy do. this lasts for about a week. it is based on peanuts and everything and has all the nutritional things. so kids can get the food they need. it's very yummy and it's very did and kids love it. >> sustenance. >> nutrition, if they don't get the right foods they will be damaged for life. so that is some of the things we are doing. >> bettina, thank you. >> thank you for having me. >> we hopefully will keep the heat on the international community to live up to its pledges. we'll call some folks out. thank you. another round of pretrial hearings began today for five men accused of plotting the september 11th attacks. khalid sheikh mohammed, and

others, aimed at motions, to the detainees. two saudi nationals have been trowrnd their home land. many of us use these antibacterial soaps and gels to promote the spread of bacteria. but some of those ingredients in the soaps harmful. lisa stark is in washington. tell us washes. there are over 2,000 products on the market. and over two decades ago the fda said, we generally think these are safe, go ahead and use them. now, the fda said cam we have to take a strong look at them.

they may not be any better than plain old soap and water and secondly, to make sure they are safe. there are concerns about some of the chemicalse it antibacterial and take out the claims as well. >> wait a minute, lisa, what are th could cause resistance to

bacterial products. >> thank you lisa. still ahead on al jazeera america: striking workers fet global support for -- get global support for their cause. >> we know it by bread. >> a unique idea that is helping immigrants get a job and give rise to a whole new way of life. >> i'm john terrett. a record number of college presidents are now making over a million bucks a year. join me to find out who the top three are. >> start with one issue ad guests on all sides of the debate. and a host willing to ask the tough questions and you'll get... the inside story ray suarez hosts inside story next only on al jazeera america

>> welcome back to al jazeera america. a college degree is often seen as a ticket to a better life. but for many, the cost of a college education is years of seemingly unending debt. a growing number of college presidents are taking home ceo

like pay, some topping $1 million a year. whoa. al jazeera's john terrett is here. >> they are pretty jaw-dropping. you are wondering why the cost of the college education is skyrocketing. reason why your college president is taking home a lot of money. 42 presidents of private colleges were paid more than, wait for this, a million bucks a year, that's up from 36 in the previous two years, 2009 and 2010. and this, according to the chronicle of higher education's annual analysis of 500, actually it was more than 500 private colleges, the latest available tax returns that we have that we can say. now the top three earners were these three, robert j. zimmer, he took home $3,358,723.17.

he didn't take home that 17 cents, i made that up. joseph bayone, 3,324,864. and the third highest was this man, dennis j. murray, he took home $2,688,148 and mr. murray has actually been the president of that college for more than 30 years. now, according to the chronicle, dr. zimmer's pay doubled, more than doubled in 2011, dr. ayune's more than tripled and murray's quadrupled in more than four years. the base pay was more than $1 million. and like many others, they earned much more from their retirement packages and they're bonuses or indeed deferred expectation. now, the universities are pointing out that such awards

are just an incentive to retain a successful president. and to recognize the achievement of a total tenure, not just one year for these guys but all the time that they are at university and that is 35 years in the case of this guy here. it is also a reflection of one of the key parts of their job these days which is fundraising. and when you think about it, that's really important because they brought in much more money to the university than they actually took home. and their kind of worry about fundraising the entire time. however as you know student loan debt in this country now exceeds $1 trillion and the average student debt at the moment is $29,000. really, a very, very big difference. but you know what? there's another group of people who earn even more people. >> speak it? >> university football coaches. >> oh yeah. >> they clips these guys by many times. >> public universities not even

private, public universities. >> but these were private. >> thank you sir. business news on wall street stocks took off right after the opening bell and never looked abouback. the dow rising, second triple digit gain by the blue chips and comes on the heels of the federal reserve's meeting. the survey by researchers arg and inman also finds more than 20% of those who aren't done stories isopping yet are neil irwin. an economic columnist from the washington post. help me here. everyone in our business department is pointing to the two-day meeting coming up right? and that's going to be an important meeting. so the fed wraps up that policy

meeting on wednesday. and we're all wondering an the question to you is, will they or won't they pull backnesday we gt to find out what they decide. the evidence is tapering towards not, i could be easily wrong. >> the unemployment ask down to 7%, that's improvement and the fed is most concerned about

once they begin tapering, it is an end of tapering low for a belong period of time. >> neil irwin of the washington post. appreciate your time, thank you. most immigrants coming to the united states are women, many struggle to find work that

pays a reasonable wage. some face abuse and exploitation. some try ohelp by giving them careers in the kitchen. >> in a little kitchen in harlem something is hot. big changes in women's lives are taking shapes. challah, lavosh, chibatta, hot bread kitchen trains corporate women to become master bread bakers. this woman shares the kitchen with immigrants from bangladesh and mexico. >> i like speaking english. >> jessamin started the kitchen

kitchen -- bakery in her kitchen. >> men are getting jobs in professional baking. so i really wanted to marry a market demand for interesting ethnic breads with the need of women to get better jobs. >> according to rodriguez, immigrant women hold just 8% of professional baking jobs. >> the organizers one day hope to compete with the city's biggest bakeries and find their programs with bread alone. >> the bakery also offers english classes. she came here alone from morocco three years ago. >> i come in new york and it was my dream too. i came, it was a little bit difficult because you go in another world, like another world nobody there, no family, no english, no language how you speak with the people but it was

brilliant for me to have responsibility for yourself. >> so far, 45 women have graduated from the program and found work in some of the city's biggest bakeries. others stay here to teach other women to bake. >> we know it by bread. >> bread that provides a taste of home to women who have come here to make new lives on their own. kaylynn ford, al jazeera america. women bake bread scholarship. they have raised $47,000, so far, pretty good hmm? >> ahead on al jazeera america, cracking cold cases with the ku klux klan with a fresh set of eyes. lawmakers pushing their new proposal.

the inside story ray suarez hosts inside story weekdays at 5pm et / 2pm pt only on al jazeera america

>> welcome back to al jazeera america. here is a look at your top of stories. a judge will likely rule that

the nsa, unreasonable search and seizure and failed to demonstrate how the phone taps helped stop terrorist attacks. the united states says it needs $13 billion in humanitarian aid. after armies dropped barrels on since in syria. antibacterial soaps, do they work, there is no evidence that antibacterial chemicals help block the spread of germs. there has been a nationwide push to limit president obama's signature health care act. republican governors, in georgia four republican lawmakers have

block participating in the plans. robert gray, explain what that all mers, they were quite defia, they called obamacare an economic cannibalism. they say there's absolutely no fixing this federal law, that they don't want anything to do with it at all. they call it antiamerican. passed under false pretenses and basically what they want to do is rid, rid the law, obamacare, affordable care act, of the state of georgia. they want nothing to do with it. here is what one of the state representatives said earlier in the dome. >> for test someone for simply being alive is antiamerican,

anticoosantiaccusation andantan. as representatives of the citizens of georgia, it is ourok

into the system into our reporting tony. >> robert, the bill follows on the heels of i understand a similar law in southhouse and tl that basically said the same thing, that obamacare will leave the state, that they want nothing to do with it, that they want to be independent and sovereign according to their 10th amendment rights. the senate is still waiting to approve that law in south carolina, they are the first in the nation to try this, by the way, georgia being the second. the gop, 20 different governors around the tony.

>> robert ray for us. appreciate it. amazon has 9,000 full time employees working in germany. it is home to the company's second largest market after the united states. it did $8.7 billion in sales. the nine plants handled 4 million orders, and just as the country enters its busie moselem there.ometimes it's very hot

in the summer months. >> we have the same conditions in germany. the last year or two, the management has been trying to alleviate some of these conditions. when you're working in summer and you have temperatures of 35,

40°, sell celsius, peeping are t literally dropping like -- people are dropping like flies because of heat exhaustion. >> amazon says work he pay is online with other worker ofs. i did speak with some of them who were walk through campus who say they sympathize with those workers.ent on worker pay and

conditions. >> tanya moseley in seattle, thank you. with only nine days between now and christmas the shipping rush is on. the u.s. postal service expects today to be the biggest mailing day of the year. 600 million pieces of mail, it has been a year since india was rocked by its highest profile sexual assault case on record. marches in the streets calling for changes in laws referring to women. >> one year ago this family was changed forever. their 23-year-old daughter was raped and beaten on a bus in new del high by six men, one was under the age of 18 at the time of the attack. the woman died of her injuries two weeks later. one of the accused committed suicide and the other five have been found guilty of her rape

and murder. but time has done little to ease this family's pain. >> a new law was made in this country. a lot has changed. but if there's one thing that hasn't changed, it's our society. it is very important to change that. this change will happen only from within and nowhere else. >> the huge protest that blocked the streets of the indian capitol last year has been replaced by scrimmage ills and community -- by vigils. the national campaign against sexual violence. >> we've endured, we have now talked about it and i think women especially have come out and lifted the veil on the epidemic that is sexual violence. >> given women the power to fight. because i don't think any one of us want a case like that to

happen. but the point is that the police -- the law, the judicial system needs to do something. >> reporter: across india, people use the occasion to demand more action. women's rights groups voiced their disappointment of the government's failure to deliver on promises made in the aftermath of the attack. in particularly the creation of a multimillion dollar fund to help victims. this fund would have created the infrastructure and support system for victims of sexual assault. it has not happened. so it is -- you know that means there is insensitivity, irresponsible behavior and also, that there is -- nobody's caring. >> reporter: one year ago sexual violence was an issue that few people in india discussed. but gang rape opened the discussion about the treatment of women and made people deal with a traditionally uncomfortable topic.

but the challenge india faces goes well beyond talk and for many this anniversary is an important reminder of the work that needs to be done to ensure the safety of all women. libby dutt al jazeera new del high. >> unveiling a statute much mandela in pretoria today. mandela was late to rest yesterday. the statute is part of reconciliation day ceremonies, which began the year after mandela helped engineer the ent of apartheid. nick schiffrin joins us. what are south africans saying today? >> it's about that time. everybody has been thanking mandela, they have been mourning him. they have been thinking about

his legacy, now is the time to say what do we do with his legacy and can the political leadership carry that on? i've spent all day with a lot of young people, born right around the time when apartheid ended. they have been questioning the african national congress, is the leadership actually pushing what he stood for forward, and they are really beginning to question that. they have got a lot of hope, a lot of belief in themselves that they can push forward and write their own futures. but they are beginning to be a little impatient. the political freedom hasn't been matched by economic freedom and job opportunities and that's what they're looking for now. >> nick isn't the truth of the matter, elections coming up in a few months, i think it's april the anc can be pushed by those discordant voices, wanting change but the anc is still

likely to win that election and to govern south africa? >> i think the question is not only what is next but who is next. the fact is there is no one else other than the anc that can say we are a legitimate contend esh. that may change. the anc has gotten 70, 80, 90% of these votes, especially in the black townships, in the middle class. the vast majority is voting for the anc. they are beginning to say is there someone else, is there another alternative? not yet, the answer to that question is right now. but if the anc drops below 60% or so in the had next election they're beginning to say there's blood in the water and we need an alternative and those politicians who are listening to that may actually go forward to challenge the anc next time. >> nick, thank you so much, nick schiffrin. >> for many americans the ku klux klan is a horrific part of

our nation's past. but an unsolved murder case in louisiana has pushed some to seek results. 50 years later. the archives of this newspaper are a window into this small town's past but among these dusty yellow pages there are stories some people would like to forget. >> this is september three months before frank died and this was his advertisement, he ran it almost every week. >> the man who died almost 50 years ago was frank morris. who ran a shoe shop. he was well liked, and his white customers would often let their children play inside his shop. that was enough for the ku klux klan to target him. his business was set on fire, and he was last seen

running from the corner of the of his building with his clothes on fire. four days later he died from his burns. all facts that weren't clear until stanley nelson spent years investigating frank morris's death. he talked to witnesses and went through old police reports. what he found shocked him. >> the more you dug, the more you realize there were some really bad people here. what happened then were happening now, well, the murders and beatings and whippings that were going on we would be terrified. >> but what's happening here is not unusual. across the deep south there are 70 unsofd murder cases most of them brutal and racially motivated. >> we have justice. it may be a long time coming but it's getting there. >> for frank lee, who remembered

his murder. >> at least somebody find it, lest see what happened to this man and who was responsible and now the world knows who frank morris was, they no what kind of person he was and have some idea who was responsible. >> despite fresh efforts to investigate these so-called cold cases it's unlikely many people will be brought to justice. witnesses are dying, memories fading and perpetrators taking their secrets to the grave. but the memory of frank morris lives on and for many that may be the only justice they get. at least 124 ku klux klan murder cases remain unsolved and those are just the reported cases. the governor of colorado has spoken out in the aftermath of last week's school sheeting,. tony, colorado's governor asked the nation to pray for the 17-year-old girl who was

critically wounded at the school shooting last saturday. karl pierson shot her before he shot himself. the girl is in a coma. 28 years behind bars. the ohio judge handed down a sentence against 67-year-old bobby thompson. the fraud occurred in 47 states. spacewalk to fix a broken cooling station at the international space station. partially shut down last week. same day an unmanned rocket is supposed to restock iss. nasa will decide which of the two tasks will take priority. mega lotto, $656 million. ticket sales over the weekend soared. no one won the mega lotto on

friday. tony, i say we have an office pool. >> we did. you didn't know? >> well thanks. that's okay. >> i got you covered. maria, thank you. sorry. ahead on al jazeera america. he's actually walking the world. one ancestral step at a time. it is the juno trek. >> start with one issue education... gun control... the gap between rich and poor... job creation... climate change... tax policy... the economy... iran... healthcare... ad guests on all sides of the debate. >> this is a right we should all have... >> it's just the way it is... >> there's something seriously wrong... >> there's been acrimony... >> the conservative ideal... >> it's an urgent need... and a host willing to ask the tough questions >> how do you explain it to yourself? and you'll get... the inside story ray suarez hosts inside story next only on al jazeera america

>> the census department estimates more than 315 million of the people live in the united states. half million are incarcerated. >> donna mccoy is serving a life sentence for first degree murder. for just a few hours she's able to swap her prison uniform for a cap and gown. >> i feel like i'm being regained, i'm being restored. >> it was the first graduation at the tennessee prison for women. eight inmates received associate degrees for liberal arts. every wednesday night, lipscom

university has come into the prison teaching the women. >> i feel like i've been learning a degree. >> we were never looked on as inmates, always as students. >> each woman had to earn 63 credit hours. >> there have been a lot of voices in their life that tell them they don't matter and they don't count. and now they can illustrate that they are somebody, they can work hard, and achieve success. and they can model that to their families, to their children, and to the larger society. >> the program also allows traditional students to come into the prison and take classes with the inmates. bringing in outside perspectives and allowing the students inside to experience a more trcial -- traditional setting. lipscom says the program is life changing. points out that higher education reduces the likelihood of

inmates coming back into prison. for antoinette hill who is locked up for the next 30 years, the next seven years of work is a way to give back. >> it is still a community and so there are women here who will be getting out before i get out. so now i have the tools to help them. >> why was it so important to finish this? >> to show her that even though i failed, i still can pick myself back up and grow. >> there are more than 30 women currently enrolled in lipscom's life program. the next group is scheduled to graduate in less than two years. don ma mccoy says she 98 never leave prison but with a degree she has a different life. >> the early steps of human kind is a huge task, but imagine

doing it on foot, literally following in the footsteps of our ancient ancestors. paul salopic set out on an ancient journey, he set out in ethiopia or african eden he refers to it. global trek through, north and east, russia and asia and the americas, which will end in the southern tip of south america in 2020. i talked to salopic how he pitched these goals for the trip. >> basically, the ancestors left africa, it is not a physical twur alone. travel on foot through four

continents. but it's really about story-telling. i'm using high technology using basically a slow concept coupled with high tech to tell the story of the humanity i encounter along the way for seven years. >> so explain this to me. a slow concept with high tech. explain that. >> basically, i'm coupling the oldest form of story telling which is like the wanderin wandg bards of ancient greece, reciting ancient histories and myths with the cutting edge technology of the web. so every 100 miles i'm stopping and i'm taking a digital recording of everything from a video panorama to a picture of the sky, ambient sound to an interview with the nearest human being. these 100 mile milestones, will

record basically a portrait of humanity at the turn of the millennium that will be pretty unique. again pathways of the ancestors who spread out across the world. >> you mentioning you will be traveling accreditation four continents. you started in africa, ethiopia. tell me why ethiopia. >> if we are going to follow pathways of the ancestors, will be a great rift valley in ethiopia, the oldest fossil bones to 160,000 years ago. so i started a bone yard. >> my understanding is this will take you seven years to complete so you start in africa. tell me about the rest of the journey. the path you'll take. >> i'm using science to guide me, to give me kind of general milestones along about way. the way. there is no route that human humanity started out. niece are like general migration

corridors. out of the rift valley, i've crossed to a camel boat across saudi arabia, have accumulated about 1500 miles on foot so far. into central asia, china, part of siberia, take a ship against the north pacific. used to be a land bridge when human beings crossed it on foot and on the west side of the americas to chile, chile de fuego, the last tip of the cocontinent. >> do you expect to hit conflict zones? >> i'm trying to avoid those hot spots. you are slow moving an hour or five kilometers an hour so farther of the ask imul

frameworframethe imul intellect, i will adapt to the changing political and even the weather patterns to those climates. >> dave warren has your national forecast, that's next. tñ

>> i'm meteorologist dave warren. weeds are talking about an alberta clipper. you'll hear that term in the

next 24 hours. moves at a fast rate, doesn't have time to dump a lot of snow but quickly moving in the northern plains and northeast, this area will see snow over the next 24 to 48 hours. right now we're seeing light snow develop around the great lakes. this area of snow will continue to push east and this is where it will be by tomorrow morning, tuesday, 8:00, 9:00 in the morning, waking up to light snow coming down maybe two to three inches as this quickly moves through pennsylvania and new york. that's the accumulation there. coating on untreated surfaces but really it's tuesday night to early wednesday, it intensifies a little bit. overnight tuesday to early wednesday you could wake up to a few inches of snow, untreated roadways will be slick across the northeast, and this is lake effect snow moving in.

>> this is al jazeera america live from new york city. i'm tony harris with a look at today's top stories. the program violated the fourth amendment ban on unreasonable searches and seizures and failed to demonstrate how the phone taps helped. >> the syrian army dumps barrels on the city of