the fourth day of protesting in bosnia ended with no violence. small crowds gathered. those are the headlines. "consider this" is next. >> inside the mind of a child with autoim. what is it like to have the disorder. >> tiger mum talks about her book. >> collateral damage in the millions. eyeing refugees on every continent, left hopeless. >> are robots coming for your job. i'm antonio mora, welcome to consider this.

here is more date doipt. >> -- here is more... >> philip seymour hoffman was found dead in his apartment. >> you're a mum, you're supposed to set an example. >> big reasons for that is the regime dominating the parties decides who gets to run. >> i tell the robot to run the job. >> we'll come to rely on robots over the next 40 years. >> a new study may provide clues as to what is happening in the minds of children suffering from autism. a million american children are believed to have some form the disorder of the the brains of a

experience a lag. children with autism can take twice as lopping to make a connection. >> we are shape how that might affect the mind of a child with autism. the results are des-orienting. >> imagine you are in the mind of a child with autism. >> come on, honey, we are leaving. >> sights and sounds are not matching up. lips move, but the voi is delayed. confusion ensues, you are scared and yffed. a bus approaches. but you only hear it once it passes. you don't know better, to you this is normal.

something as routine as riding in the car cap be confusing. . >> tell me what you did today. what do you want for denner. what did you do at recess. >> even play dates can be too much. >> my dad's getting ice cream for me. >> want to play with us. maybe you can get ice cream too.

>> this is the no so ordinary afternoon of a child with autism. >> for more i'm joined from nashville by dr mark morris. good to have you with us. it is dis-aryaning to watch that. do you think that's an accurate representation of what might be going on this their minds. >> we believe that these children live in an extraordinary world. the video and audio captures that well. >> there's not been enough study of how children with autism with site in sound. >> there has been focus on children having problems with

language and representative perhaps the study was to explore the sensories. >> how did you set this up to determine what was going on. >> we created a series of video games. in that context it was a way for us to derive data. you had kids of the same age and what you believe were similar. >> qs. how did you germ that. don't kids struggle with iq tests. >> what we worked with are what are considered high-functions children. >> what are the consequences of this kind of sensory lag.

it can have all sorts of consequences from learning, speech, safety, when we look at the video of the bus and not hearing the bus, it is fright ni. >> i agree the consequences are when i talked about the dome ages, language, communication and social interages they are two that are military sensory. they rely on children binding side, sound and touch. we believe it will have an effect. >> if i have a cup and point and say that is a cup trying to teach the word. they may not be hearing cup when i point. >> there's a desink ronisation.

that's on example. when children learn to read it binds together the sights and sounds of words and takes place in a nah job interval of time. if it's expanded there'll be confusion. you mentioned that it's not the sight and the sound, it could be touch. >> a child could be touching something and not reacting. it could bring up issues of safety. >> it's a great illustration. we have not focused on safety. >> can this apply cooz the full range. probably children that are severely reacted will have

greater deficits. that was a reason why. we are trying to adapt tasks so they cap be played by children that are lower functioning. did the children learn anything? >> they are wonderful children and bright and friday in cooperating with us. partly to learn about themselves, and they have a sps they want to help others with autism. >> what about treatment. is there anything you can do to help the kids out? >> it's early. there's a pilot study. we are training children, and they are getting feedback and reward. the hope is by using the

training, we can narrow that effect choig with autism. >> as an uncle of two children with autoes. i wish you the best. we wish you and them all the bet. thank you. >> how do some groups do better than others when it comes to achieving the american dream. why is material success difficult for some. the answer is in what is described as the triple package and traits explain why cultural groups rise and fall. according to the authors, both professors, the triple includes:

>> i'm joined in new york by professor of law at yale law school and author of books. and her co-husband. >> great to have you with us. you wrote that america had triple package but lost it. you say merc lost its triple package: >> how did we get the triple package and how did we lose it? ism the three qualities are traditional values. america had a sense of

examinationality. it was based on equality. for most of our history america was the underdog. our founders had a chip on their shoulders. it was a colony. >> they wanted to show that our sister was better, democracy was better. you just need to look at ben fraping lip's suburbs. >> i don't mean they are dropped out. it's the same country. i think it's our success. we stopped becoming the underdog. the fall of soviet union meant we were left with no rival and the self-esteem moved is accept yourself in a way. some of the striving, the need

to improve yourself. you wrote that the reality, some religious groups are more success tore than others. were you concerned you would be accused of being racist as you have been? >> it never occurred to me. it's amazing you kahn just state a statement. it's in the sepsis. if you can't state an is it theistic. asian american sats 140 points, stark. if you can't state it, how will be address problems. it doesn't mean that they are better. the book is about the rise and fall of groups and after groups

enjoy success, after one tore two generations they go back to the yagsal medium -- national medium. >> what about the complex you talk about, the inconfessies. that is the crux of the book, the simultaneous feeling of exceptionalism and that you are norte respected fuf. i know you have a cubon american background. in cuba these were reported people. they confiscated all their property and came to the country with $5. >>er every job. >> it is humiliating. they want to improve them. they were signs saying no dogs

or cubans allowed. you think you'll report me and you work harder. >> among the groups, and the imgrant groups you have many different groups. most of the immigrants or part of the people coming from those places were people of the upper middle class. didn't they come with an advantage? >> they may have come with statu stature. not all of them were welcome. often a degree in another country is worth nothing here. the whale issue is what do they teach their children.

ask advantage is a part of the equags. let's look at groups to rise and why can't be learn. do you thinks the groups are better? >> not. i have had so many nice emails, and they say "you know, these three qualities, my mother instills these." not from a group we have slavery, a cupry putting us down. at the same time we have an incredible sense. they need to work hard >> where are we failing the kids in the u.s.? is this in the schools and the self-esteem

thing, with everywhere is special. >> there are two aspect in declip. the combination of the first two - exceptionality and insecurity generates a need to improve yourself. nobody should make you feel bad. you deserve a trophy for being you. that's nout how to rise -- not how to rise. that is to feel better. all the groups succeeding are people that are disciplined. that ipp still in their children a sense of ability to focus. instead of saying "are you saying they are better" >> no. >> they cap do better -- they

can do better. >> they are rarely available to people afflicted with the triple package. >> that has to worry you. dispute your suk sets. you may not be able to succeed in the most basic of ways. . >> it's a shame to see the book mess determininterpreted. what are the components of success. to be driven. it's not good to feel that you need to do more. success is not happiness. material success is not the same thing as a well-lived life.

there are so many more important things. that is the picture. thank you for coming in. three unlikely traits explaining the cultures in america.

>> the tragic death of philip

seymour hoffman comes as heroin makes a comeback across the united states, where the number of users double. today's epidemic looks different to the one that infected urban communities in the '70s, and '80s. >> you probably imagine heroin addicts to look like that. this week the death of philip seymour hoffman shows it's not true. >> before drugs. people relied op me. you could pick up the phone. >> a middle class pum of four. >> it was the wonder drug. you didn't have pain. >> it started 10 years ago when angela was prescribed vikas din for back pain. >> noticed i was going through

my prescription quickly. i doctor shopped. going to four different doctors. i was getting a prescription for 120 pels. like others, angela could not get descriptions. a friend suggested a cheaper option - heroin. >> for me, to go from rochlie cotton to hirp is huge. it's not a prescription drug. it's a hard-core cug. >> she hit rock button. >> i was in the bath room. my 2-year-old. i didn't thing he could open the door. i was sitting there, sniffing my line. i cuffed it thinking "i'm safe, oum good." after i shoed him out he came

out and he took a pencil and put it in his nose. >> 132 days clean, angela is on a mission to warn others. >> you think you can handle it. this drug is nothing to mess with >> for more we are joined by a recovering addict who is a social worker and freelance writer. and a reporter who covers drug trafficking and is writing a booing on the surge of traffic. >> you celebrated 10 years clean. you were a heroin users and you say that it's a particularly bad time to be an injecting heroin user. what was your experience and why is it a bad time now? >> i think it's a bad time because all the stuff that was

bad about being an injection drug user is out this. hiv, hep c. overdose. there's new things in terms of the tainted drug ply in the black market. frequent bouts of fenn tin ol, heroin that is poet end. and new ways for addicts to get sick. like drug resist nt. skin infections that are easy to acquire in the community. >> we saw angela benson and her heroin use on the crack down of prescription pain pills, the dea

says in new york city a pill cost $30. but you can get six glassine said of heroins. you looked at this. it's cheaper. but there's heroin marketing. >> the way you sell heroin, there's no difference between heroin - types of heroin, except for the way it's cut. heroin traffickers have to become expert marketers. you get the stamps. it was reported that philip seymour hoffman had a glass een stamped, ace of spades. in other parts of the country you don't see that. the new york folks don'ts

control their own supplies, the folks i write about. the folks that traffic in 22 state, they developed their own marketing technique. that is to provide convenience. you call a number. they don't put on numbers. in both cases you can see that the traffickers pay attention to marketing. you have good quality and bad quality. heroin is a commodity and promotes marking and promotion op a different scale. that moons that you are

aggressive. they will go to you. the guys that i cover do that a lot. >> what is the psychology here. there are so many dangers as opposed to oxycodone or other pain killers. i understand the attraction of the cheaper price, but you know what they are getting. no, you don't. not only that, nothing moves a batch of dope on the streets faster. it is twisted >> because people think if philip seymour hoffman died because of an overdose, that it's strong heroin and we want some of that. >> that's a good bag, i have to get some of that. rm that's is part of the deal.

it's why this batch operates, flares up and disappears. the supply goes dry and pops up somewhere else. last year it moved from camden to philadelphia. it pops up all over the place and is unpredictable. for addicts who are not users, muchwaying a bag is almost guaranteed to lead to an overdose. >> if you are a heavy habituated users, who needs a lot of heroin. when you hear on the streets the bag knocked out 14 people. they want to know the brand

stomp. wunls you know what it is, up can figure out which corner it is on. >> you called it a quiet epidemic. there's a statistic that deaths from drug overdoses: >> i was surprised to read that. >> that's a stunning statistic. traffic accidents topped the list. drug overdoses, apprenticeships pally to open -- principally to owiates. it's rooted into prescribing practices by doctors. the very strong opiates.

it's a quite thi-- quiet thing. if you remember the drive by shootings, crack dealers - it was a percentage. nop of that happened -- none of that has happened with heroin. it's quite, to do with the fact that doctors are limbing miced -- legitimized. across the country the people - the family's of the people who are dyingar sig matised. this is a nightmarish situation. heroin is considered the lowest form of drug use. people are ashamed that their son was found dead in a

mcdonned's bath room. all of this creates a silence. there's a lot of groups forming and there's a number of them i talk to about the book i'm writing. the only notoriety is when someone fapous dies or enters reh rehab, but that's the nature of the plague. it's not the same as the crack years ago. it leads to a quite spread. it's like a quiet virus. it's loom like the drug narcoitiesed the country into not caring. it's stunning.

>> let's hope this executives it needed tangs. appreciate you taking your time to come on the show. >> we'll be back with more of "consider this".

>> according to the united nations high commissioner for refugee syria's brutal civil war produced more than 6 million refugees, and 2.5 million that escaped the fighting - turkey, jordan, lebanon and iraq. ethnic fighting created half a million refugees in sudan. meanwhile. conflict between christians and muslims led to 430,000 refugees, since the fighting last march.

>> many throughout the world are dying in attempts to find a better life much >> i'm joined from washington d.c. i the senior director. it focuses on field research. >> this is a worldwide problem. it's the brutal conflict under way in africa, the middle east, central ash owe -- asia, the war in afghanistan. this one seems to be creating a lamb fam of refugees. >> looking at the global picture, it is grim. working with refugees, i can't remember a time when there has been so many conflicts, creating

large and southern movements of people. you mentioned syria. the conflict is not three years old. the first year was little displacement. up to 2.5 million left syria to go to neighbouring country. large numbers are displaf. i don't think we have seen a refugee exodus of this magnitude. it is concerning to us. not long ago the united nations high commissioner made a statement saying at the current rate of departures, there could be 4 million refugees by the end of 2014.

this is not the only conflict. we looked at a map of refugees. looking at the number of fighting. 900,000 people. some said it's like taking the whole population of canada and moving it to canada. >> the situation in lebanon is extraordinary. i had the opportunity to go there. physically you can see the refugee settlements. it's equivalent to canadians moving to the united states. one of the thing we appreciate in lebanon is local populations have to be worried about. when large numbers flood over the border, they place pressure

on health, education, infrastructure. whereas the human taran community focused on the refugees. we are now looking at the host populations much it's a check. >> we found numbers. there are 10 million long-term refugees, including palestinians who have been in camps for a lang fo lang. there are 30 million displaced. it's happening everywhere. d are the u.s. and world powers doing enough to help. >> the response is different according to the country. the international response and the u.s. response has been extraordinary. there's large amounts of resources devoted to the

emergency operation. for geopolitical reasons it's of interest to the united states and others. if we take the central african republic, which is a country most american citizens don't know much about, it's difficult to raise funds for a country like that, that doesn't have the same global importance. >> some of the refugees are fleeing overseas, in some cases australia and hundreds died in the mediterranean when their boats sank. often when they get to where they want to go they don't get a good reception. >> i was watching al jazeera before we came on air and saw a

feature about a somali ice hockey team plays in sweden. other countries, and australia is a good example of a country giving hostel reception, intercepting the boat, sending them back to indonesia, detaining them in poor conditions. if they are recollectioned without a% pect of a -- without a prospect of a future in australia. >> so many suffering. thank you for your time. we'll continue the discussion. we'll turn to refugee examples and terror groups. refugee camps breed misery, dest tuition and hopelessness and

provide grounds your ideologies. j j green joins us u he's returned from the western sahara area. jj good to have you with us. how big a problem is this? >> it's big enough for people in the west to be nervous. within 10-15 years, this could be the source of terrorist attacks against the west because of the fact that west africa you have wealth, diversity, weak borders and a significant conglomeration there of terrorist ideologies.

you have it insurgeons groups from as far away as china. they are scrambling for the human resources to build ideologies and launch attacks against the west >> how big a threat is it for the west? how much attention is western intelligence agencies and militaries pay are for this. >> it's an enormous threat. the area is a hot house said james clapper when they testified last week. you have terrorist organization and insurgent and military groups popping up, looking to fly the black flag of al qaeda to become popular in the eyes of

the disaeffected. you look at the amount of people cut off from the economy this engage in the back market to need their families. al qaeda represents a good alternati alternative. al qaeda finds good candidates in refugee camps, many popping up in west africa. >> it's scary to hear you say that. james clapper's full quote was: >> how do the refugee situations vary between regions, the middle east, the western sub-sahara. are any particular areas more prone to the extremist movements?

>> absolutely. anywhere you have a permissive or ungoverned space you'll have the organizations going there. you'll go and look for any place you can operate out of site. whether people know it or not. refugee camps are a prime target. they can hide in the camps amongst people. just what happened once the french came in and ran the fighters. many of them are thought to have gone to refugee camps. that's what they can do in the space. we sit, plan, and in some tass and can collect arms and resources, planning the next attack. >> thank you for joining us and bringing our attention to that

problem. "consider this" will be rite back.

>> can women break the glass ceiling of pol sticks. in new hampshire they elected women to all top political offices. of the 435 seats in the house of representatives 78 are held by women, and they hold 20 of the 100 senate seats. why does the gender cap exist? we are joined by a senator representing maine and spoke at the new founding mothers. great to have you on the show. you addressed the issue of the gender gap and said this... >> i think one of the biggest changes for women group on no our heads. i gave you 100 reasons why it wouldn't go down well with family and community.

>> 2012 study from american university confirms that me are more likely to run. do you think that's changing? >> i do think the next gerpation thinks about this differently. my daughter ran for office and succeeded. i know for a fact it's easier for the next generation. you can tell from the gender gap that a lot of women don't visualise themselves. they worry about children, family. when i ran 20 years ago, i'd go into a town hall meeting. my opponent was older. i'd look at him and say "he looks like a poll tirp", i won

by 62% of the vote. i had to convince myself. >> you'd think that the 2008 candidacies of hillary clinton and sar apalin would have encouraged women. it discouraged women, we found, because of the amount of sexism that clintonon and palin faced. how bad is the problem? >> you saw it in the companes, and we see it in the media. women don't always get covered. there's a bias. sometimes it works in our favour. >> i had a debate with my opponent. my opponent had a business owner, he said, "you're not a business owner, you're an alice in wonder land." it backfired on him. it's amazing how often the men

will say that or press misquote something. we have tough scens, we are designed to win. a lot of people stand back and say how will this fab my family. >> and they comment on your suspicions and clothes. alexandra star had this to say:. >> you oak at states like massachusetts, new jersey, pennsylvania - you know, they are - female re-examination in those states is terrible. a reason is an old boy machine decides who gets to run. >> how big of a problem is that. >> i do thing that that dominated many of the states

mentioned. >> one of the interesting things is new hampshire has a 400 member legislature. it's been thought of as wumens work. it's not a sophisticated career. i think in some ways men have dominated it. it wasn't actively engaged in the political party. i didn't worry about the rules or who would say i could be in and out. i talked to other wim wep. many times women beat the chosen won. >> one of your colleagues had this to say? >> women get things down, if you

look at the budget broke down and the shut down. voters male and female think congress is broken. what you saw with my colleagues, was that it was the women that came together and said "we have to fix this." >> women played an important role in the middle of some of these detractable rolls in congress. how important, beyond the equitable distribution, would it be to have more women in government? >> if we had 50/50. the public would have rah different opinion. we'd get more work done. we have positive thinking members on both sides of the

aisle. i think many women are offed to raising children, parents, bringing about comprom. >> and women come into office to change things. they say "i want to fix something", i want to change it. it's a different motivation. you think about how am i going to get the job done. people would agree there's a lot of women working to find compromise. >> viewer garden says there would be fewer awards if women rule. what is your take? >> everything isn't absolute. traditionally women sent their sons to war, who thought about the consequences, about what this means to the families and

we do think about it differently. it's what will be the consequences of going after this. >> it's great to have you on the show. thank you for joining us. >> thank you for having me. >> we be back with more of "consider this".

>> should you be worried that a robot will take your job. you probably should be. it's happening. 50% of american jobs could be automated in the next 20 years. what jobs are at risk? earlier i had a chance to speak to director at the mit center for digit digital business at the mit shown school of management and author of a book. you write that historically advances in technology and automation destroyed om jobs and created more. you say that started changing in the 1990s, and the great decoupling. >> yes, that's right. it's important to remember. all throughout history changing the nature of jobs. going back to the first age. it became mekanized.

by and large people use skills. henry ford creates industries. yeently they decoupled. productivity, gdp, wealth. however, employment has levelled off and stagnated and that is something we didn't see. >> ironically the recent autonation of the past couple of decades has played a role in a lot of the income and equality that has been talked about. >> that's a big part of it globalisation is at work, exchanges in tax policy, technology we see as the biggest single driver. technology is accelerating. >> in the book you talk about

the fact that robots are doing more and more jobs that people were thought of only as being able to do it. you look at amazon, and baxter, with all sorts of human like abilities. the question is what's nexted. how much more replacements of humans will we see? >> no one knows for sure. it hadn't before. what we have seen is a lot of routine physical jobs have been especially affected. workers, if you look at the skill ontent. the ones that have routine work.

you can take the job, codify it. make not just one copy, but 100 million. that means there's less demand than before. >> there's a study from oxford, listing jobs that has a 99% chance of being replaced by mash ons. there's a list of jobs gch. it was thought they'd go away. health care workers, police, fire management is safe. what industries do you think will be impacted. >> broadly speaking the lifts you described are trending this that way.

a lot of those routine information are the onies being automated. creativity is something, entrepreneurship, caring. a caretaker. salesperson. motivating people. they are categories. >> oil's watson. people know watson from winning jeopardy. it's helping the diagnosies, treatment. it's an xax of how advancing can improve our lives. >> we talk about the bounty

coming with automags, longer lives and health care. already there are technologies using big data that are able to identify cancer better than so. best dyeing nosticians, leading that lives being saved. we'll all benefit from those advances. the technology is helping investment banking, call centres and others as well. >> reading your book, you say - it's the title of your book - an is that something goodwill come out. we'll see a second machine aim.

>> the first machine age was good. we are mindful optimist. we don't think it's a single future where it's you toep yn with the robots to the work for us. >> multiple futures are possi e possible. if we are mindful. we can steer ourselves towards the better ot comes. the reason we wrote the book was to start the conversations. >> appreciate you are coming on. fascinating stuff. >> it's been a pleasure. >> the show may be over, but the conversation conditions on the website.

you can find us on twitter. >> this is al jazeera america, i'm jonathan betz live in new york. >> we'll never stop working it ensure quality under the law is protect by the law. >> the justice department will expand gay rights across the u.s. >> workers attacked in syria. the u.n. says it will keep trying. >> it's killing more americans the big business of americans in the united states. unhappy chinese. why a growing number are depressed.