offline on thursday. the presidential library for bill clinton expected to relies about 5,000 pages from the clinton white house. they will be posted online. those are your headlines. i am del walters in new york. consid "consider this" is next. u crakraine was strife. risking everything for safety. a whistleblower on america's most toxic nuclear site speaks out to us. the plight of jailed al jazeera journalists gets attention. using penguins to gauge man's impact on climate change. hello, i am antonio morrow. welcome to "consider this" here is more on what's ahead.

does. expect other nations toll respect ukraine's sovereignty. >> i urge russia not to take any action that could escalate tension. the idea that you can make a fix before babies are born and have a healthy baby is terrific. >> this will work for humans. >> what kinds of failures will we tolerate? a day of action is under waifrmthsways around the world to draw attention to the plight of our colleagues. to call attention to the continued imprisonment of journalists in egypt is action taking place in over 30 countries. >> half a billion tweets and hash tags. >> we begin with tensions rising in ukraine. heavily armed gunmen raised russian flags and seized control of government buildings in the

crimean region. they remember reminiscent to sending viktor yanukovych into hiding. he claims he is still ukraine's legitimate leader. we are joined by al jazeera america's foreign correspondent, jennifer glass who is in ukraine. jennifer, good to have you, as always, on the show. leaders in cry crimimea announced they would hold a referendum and whether it should be autonomous or how autonomous it should be. what is the latest from the there? >> antonio, you know, the real question here is: who are those men inside the building and what do they want? they came in, in the middle of the night about this time yesterday and took over that building very heavily armed, raised the russian flag but won't negotiate. the crimea's prime miles per hour sister went to talk to them and they said they weren't

authorized to demands make any demands. he said they would hold a referendum on may 25th when kiev is planning to hold presidential e elections. it's unclear how much more autonomy they want. they already have their own prime minister and their own parliament and are considered as the only autonomous republic of ukraine. many look towards russia for guidance and they feel that they were left out, antonio, of what's been happening in kiev. one thing that particular angered people here was the fact that the new authorities in kiev, one of the first things they did was make ukrainian the official language of the country. most speak russian, don't speak ukrainian. >> made people feel very isolated, very left out and very angry. and that's what we have been seeing here in crimea as we have been here the last few days. >> it used to be a part of russia. so, a you are talking about all of this, there must be fear in ukraine about possible

separatism. is there a danger that crimea and other parts of eastern ukraine could want to somehow split off from the rest of the count country? >> i think they very much want to make sure that the ties of russia stay, if not the same, certainly as strong as they are. eastern ukraine is largely industrial, a soviet area industrial and sent % of those exports go towards -- go to russia. so much of its economy is dependent on russia. the ties are very close. obviously, you have border issues. you've got, you know, the borders are close here here in crimea, russia's black sea fleet is located here. a lot of the economy is connected to that here in crimea. so, i don't know about splitting off. no one is talking sep rattism. that was an encouraging sign for the parliament today. they are talking about autonomy but if you talk to the people on

the streets, many of them say that they would -- they really want to stand with russia and be with russia. they are very frightened about who those people are in kiev. you have to understand that russian -- russian television stations are on here and for weeks they have been calling the demonstrate orders in kiev the facists, terrorists acoup, an armed uprising t. >> that's made people worried. there is a big climate of fear about who those people are. checkpoints have sprung up on the roads. >> that's what these armed men say they are doing, protecting the people. >> jennifer glass, as always, thank you for your time. for more on ukraine and the u.s. reaction, we are joined by steven koen at new york university and princeton uniform. he is the author of "soviet face and lost alternativism" and a

contributing editor for, for "the nation." it is great to have you with us. steven, i want to start with you. you just heard jennifer glass talking about the situation in crimea. how worried are you about this very big divide between the pro-russians and the ukrainians? >> let's leave worry aside and do analysis. what's happening, i fear, is the descending of a new cold war divide between west and east, but not this time in far-away berlin, far from russia, but right on russia's borders, right through ukraine which leads through the heart of russia's historical civilization. if ukraine doesn't split into two states f this divide isn't going to go away, and if i am right, think what that now means. a new cold war with all of the

dangers of the old one but now at russia's doorstep, that can't be good for anybody. >> from the government perspective, as stephen is saying, geo politicly ukraine is crucial, the biggest european country, a big border with russia, crimea, as we have said, was part of russia in the past. so what does the u.s. do, given the importance? >> secretary of state john kerry has been in touch with his colleague. neither country wants it tus stage. in america, let's understand first of all, there is no lust or desire on the part of the american people to intervene and get entangled with global war. we saw that with syria. it's interesting that foreign ministers have already, over syria last august, worked out a diplomatic approach. i think the eu, the united states and russia have to be deeply concerned about a very grim reality. ukraine is bankrupt.

it probably needs $35,000,000,000 in short assistance. russia has been subsidizing natural gas. is the eu, which is already dealing with austerity politics in europe. >> countries in there have serious trouble sglrm. >> need to rebuild infrastructure, jobs ready to intervene in another country? i think there are real limits on both countries, the united states and russia. >> even though kerry and lavrov have talked to each other, russia conducted a massive drill this week with 150,000 troops right on the border of ukraine. i know you have written about the fact that you are concerned that the american media and to some extent the american government as demonized vladimir put in. what do you see happening there, given those kind of tensions? >> the absolute worst could happen would be that russia would cross the border with troops into crimea on russia's

border and nato would send it's troops into western ukraine. >> could happen. it almost happened in the former soviet republic of georgia in 2008, which was a proxy war. it's important not to point the finger but to find the way out. who is responsible for this danger in the new cold war on russian borders? who is responsible? the american press, washington, the whole media, except you guys, the whole media said putin is responsible s put inis a devil. >> that's not what happened p in november, when all of this began and the protesters came on the streets in kiev and protested the president of kiev, democratically elected, not a good guy but elected would not sign the agreement with the eu. what does putin say? why does ukraine have to choose? why can't we work out a deal where russia and europe help ukraine out of the crisis. >> but --

>> wait a minute. wait a minute. >> it's important that he wants to keep it in the russia sphere. >> this is something nobody wants to hear. putin said, don't make it either/or. we will join europe in helping ukraine, and europe and washington said no, ukraine has to choose between us and russia. >> that's the question we have got to ponder. why did we say no? >> there shouldn't be a zero sum game. >> you do have a russian president who is saying that the collapse of the soviet union is the greatest tragedy and who is talking about wanting to keep ukraine within its sphere of flew. >> part of the problem goes back to the root cause which is nato. at the end of the cold war, a great statesman, george canon said one of the great fateful eras, the childrenton era, was that we expanded nato. you have to look at the post-soviet state. most have u.s. military basis or nato encroaching on it. put that aside. this is a moment where if the

eu, the united states and russia want to find a way to stabilize ukraine, want to find a way to ensure that the far right, the extremist elements which have been in ukraine, inflamed in this atmosphere do not come to the fore, or do they have an imperative to work together? i can't believe that that channels in those countries aren't working overtime. and lovrov, has a good working relationship with john kerry. he did not with hillary clinton. they have to be working overtime. no one wants this. >> something else stephen wrote about this conversation leaked between victoria newland and the am boss dor of ukraine: >> again, would a coup really have been in u.s. interests? obviously that's what'snded up

happening. >> obviously, that's what happened. did we repudiate it? we are embracing it. >> it did seem to be a popular uprising to a great extent. >> tough guys. >> hold on just a second. tough guys with masks over their face carrying weapons in the streets are dictating to the elected parliament new legislation and we are going to say, okay, that's a popular uprising? >> i agree. there are some extreme elements. >> let me disagree. let me disagree with steve just a bit because i do think that there were elements which at the outset wanted to push back against an olagarchical system. the extremists were the strongest and won out. the eu is desperate to trump up. they were losing out. the impact of an extremist ukrainian government on geopolitical politics or the

u.s. would be -- >> where what collin powell used to say? you break it, you own it. >> the united states doesn't want to own it? >> we broke it. we now own it. remember what happened last friday. washington and the european union brokered what they said was a way out. it included the president of the country, yanukovych, new e elections in december. it included x, y, and z. everybody agreed. the foreign ministers said look what we did. the next day that paper had been over thrown by the people in the streets. now, what does the united states do now? do they say, we are sorry. never mind. they are trying to put a good face on the situation. you know what else they are doing? now that they have to could have up $35,000,000,000, they are turning to putin and say you remember two weeks ago, you offered 15. could we have it now? >> as katrina said, this is going to be expensive. >> a sobering reality. >> it is a pleasure to have you both here? >> thank you. thank you. >> thank you for coming in. turning now to the on

ongoing crisis in venzuela. h have the protesters and opposition reached a crossroads. wednesday, it was critical. madu ro declared thursday and friday holidays in advance of next week's carnival. the country will be mostly shut down for a week. >> that's ladder led many to question whether it will stop the momentum. head of a student organization at one of the leading universities and he has been among the student ligeaders. good to have you with us. first, what has the reaction been among the opposition to that peace con fres yesterday. some the top business leaders in the country were there. >> thank you. thank you for this opportunity.

actually, yesterday, in this convention, while nicholas madura was talking about peace and dialogue, one student was being shot and his hand gun stolen. many students were being detained and suffering violence from the government. so we have two realities. the reality madduro wants to shw on television and the reality we are living on the streets. the streets are full of violence and abuses from the country, repress and abuses from para military groups, from the government and students trying to protest against this situation. >> how much violence is there on the part of the demonstrators? there has been some evidence of that. yesterday, we had a government supporter on the show who really argued that there was a lot of violence also coming from the students and the opposition. >> okay. well, in these days much protest, we have 15 people killed.

we have 700 civil people who have been detained and we have more than 30 students who have suffered abuses and torture from the government. we are asking for justice. we have no guns. we have no weapons. we have no violence from our side. the government is the only -- is the only group who has guns and violence. and we are suffering the abuse of power. actually, we have no violence and we have no organization in order to fight against the police or the army. we only want people to talk about this. we are totally peaceful and we want no compensation and fights between venzuela. so we -- the violence is not from our side. >> after the peace conference, what kind of gonestrations were there today? >> -- demonstrations were there today? >> today, we want more than

10,000 people until karakus. we demonstrate our intentions. we want dialogue. we want to try to find a solution to the crisis here in venzuela. but we want to sit at the table with nick nicholas madura. went to the demand the immediate release of all students who are unjustly detained and we want to make sure we are going to have a better situation in the crisis. in venzuela, we are having 47 people killed every day by violence. we are having crisis, an economic crisis. we have food scarcity and sensorship here in venzuela. if nicholas madura wants to solve this situation and sit with us and talk about the crisis going on, he has to show a real commitment with in the situation. for me, it is easier to talk to you guys outside of venzuela and

outside of venzuela than actual actually having an interview in a t.v. channel here we ask people of madura to get involved in solutions to the problems, to respond to people and not to political speeches and trying to increase popularity and bring in venzuelans into fighting each other. >> so if he releases the students and other political prisoners, you would be willing to sit down and talk. and what will you want? you are not demanding an ouster of the government, are you? >> yes. we are not demanding madura to go out of. we are demanding a government to change the way they are running the country. the government releasing the students who are unjustly detained and political leaders. if the government changes their economic policies in order to guaranty people -- if you go to a public supermarket in venzuela, you will see long

lines of people, and they can't go inside the supermarket until the military tells them to go in. they can't by whatever they want. actually, three days ago, there was an order that people can only buy once a week in public supermarkets. if you go to private supermarkets, you will find people fighting each other, hitting each other for one little milk or maybe one pound of coffee. we are living a silent war between venzuelans and if madura wants to change the situation, the student movement will be there and find solution. if he doesn't answer this question and doesn't, to me, with the reality we are living, people will try to find changes. but that's changes, political changes are related to political leaders and the whole people. >> i want to get a quick final question in. carnival has been extended. the government supporter we had

on the show said she thinks the protests are winding down. do you think carn vawill deflate the protests? >> okay. well, today will start carnivale. we talk to the people and said there is no carnivale, there is no vacation for venzuelans because a student who died two weeks ago, he won't have carnivale. another student shot in the head won't have carnivale. so here is a commitment for venzuelans, with the student moment. there is no carnivale, and i say i change my carnivale, if i have to stop going to the beach, if i have to make sacrifices and getting involved nus situation in order to get a change in venzuela, we will be there. if madura order can't take vacations, that's an irresponsibility from him because it's happening in venzuela. what's going on caracus, what's

going on here, happening here for us needs real solutions and responsibility from the government. i understand the situation here in caracus. we understand the people demand immediate changes and if madura thinks he will solve this crisis telling people to go to the beach is completely wrong. he will respond and receive the answer of people next sunday. we will be on the streets. a day typically go to the beach, people will be on march and saying we want changes here in caracus. >> thank you very much for joining us and talking about the venzuelan situation. appreciate it. coming up: putting yourself on the line to protect others. a nuclear engineer is fired after highlighting concerns about clean-up at the most toxic place in america. a global day of action to free al jazeera journalists in egypt. we will have that and a look at

the threats to journalists around the world.

thursday marked a global day of action, the push to free imprisoned journalists in egypt. journalists in egypt. three al jazeera english journalists have been detained in egypt for 61 days. in all, 20 al jazeera staff are part of ongoing proceedings. charges include having links to terrorist organizations and spreading false news. al jazeera rejects all charges and continues to demand the unconditional release of its staff. on thursday, thousands of protesters and dozens of countries around the world marked the movement saying journalist is not a crime. the movement, even reached

capitol hill. hank johnson lent his support. >> i rise to all the call attention to the continued imprisonment of journalists in egypt and to restrictions on press freedoms worldwide. >> as protests reverberated from cairo to the u.s. white house sporksman carney spoke out against the imprisonments. >> we remain deeply concerned about the lack of freedom of press. the government's targeting of journalists on questionable claims is wrong and demonstrates is disregard for the protection of basic rights and freedoms. we are closely watching the trial of al jazeera staff and journalists in egypt. >> let's bring in our photojournalist who knows the three al jazeera english journalists. he was in cairo for the three year anniversary and was held captive in syria. we are joined by david keys in washington, d.c. and executive

director of advancing human rights an organization focused on advancing liberties. g good to have you both on the show. on capitol hill, what were you trying to accomplish? >> today we met with congressional staff from the left and right spectrum. and were there in in order to get them to commit to the idea of changing the street names of embassies of dictatorships to those of political prisoners. it is an idea i raised and they accepted the professionals and we are moving forward and i very much hope that egypt -- egyptian embassies can be maimed for political prisoners. this was done in 1984. and we hope to change the streets in front of the embassies of iran, syria, egypt, china, return and many other countries. that hold political prisoners.

>> symbolic gestures. but do you feel there is an intention to help out reporters around the world? >> it depends. i think there are some members of congress who are committed and others are just paying lip service. so long as the white house refuses to condition aid to improvements in human rights, i think the egyptians will feel that they have a free hand. the amendment of 1975 tied most favored nation status to the right of free immigration. and given the billions of dollars sent to the dictatorship we have a responsibility and opportunity to advance basic human rights simply by conditioning that aid to respect for freedom of speech and the freedom of these detakenned journalists. >> we spoke with the director of the square, a documentary nominated for an oscar that tracks the arob spring and she knows one of the journalist

who is in prison and had this to say. >> one of your al jazeera journalists is a dear, dear friend of ours. i went to high school with him. so i personally know the accusations against him are not true. and so, there are definitely a lot of people in this time being arrested and accused of things. >> you know the three al jazeera english journalists. what was your reaction when you heard they were arrested and going to be tried for these charges? >> personally i'm not surprised considering that it seems to be an overall trend in the world now to see journalists as a threat towards different regime or policies being directed by the regimes. so, and therefore they have a saying in who gets to go inside his own nation especially western journalists who might tell stories that he doesn't want the world to see. >> and you have talked to

other people who have been held prisoner in egypt. they are not being held under anything resembling decent conditions? >> no, it is not. it is kept very secret. and the army is a tough organization. and the proof for that is the fact that now egypt is looking at russia and is pulling away from western world and its traditions and maybe a more democratic state and looking for something more hard in terms of their policy. >> david. let's look at the bigger picture. rotters without borders supplied a map that shows the increasingly hostile environment for journalist. the areas you see the darker colors, those are the most dangerous areas. and every day we are seeing violence against reporters in russia, egypt, venezuela, mexico. pretty much around the world. is enough being done to help them and what can be done? >> no, i don't think enough is being done. if you take the case of egypt, the arrest of journalists and

bloggers is nothing new. the same is true of journalists in saudi arabia, we have seen some in china being arrested left right and center. what can be done, leader in the free world can speak on behalf of these judgists, raise their names in meetings condition aid to improvements in human rights and i think collectively, if we stand up for these political prisoners and journalists we cannot only see their release but the gradual reform of liberal societies. just relently i had my own experience a heated confrontation with iran's foreign minister over the imprisonment of one who has spent four years in prison for criticizing the regime and a outcry. he was briefly released from

prison. he was econvenient tullely reimpressonned once the media pressure died down. but when the free world stands up for these political prisoners, we can see tremendous improvements in human rights. we just need to main true to our principles and stan up to our tyranny. >> we did hear a call for these journalists. how do you operate as a photojournalist? you went in and have gone to war zones and were held captive as i said earlier in syria. but it is a war zone. now by are talking about countries that have established governments that aren't war zones and are in effect intimidating journalists. how can you do your job? >> it has become almost impossible. i mean, knowing now you have to deal with your own safety and surrounding of people targeting you because you are western journalists. as a photographer, knowing you have to deal with your own safety and be able to take pictures in your environment

has become a big challenging. what are the consequences to the rest of us if reporters can't do their job? >> there are intense fighting. and killings and so on. they are now being reported just to go inside syria at this point is suicidal. we just don't go anymore.ymore. >> jonathan and david good to have you on the show to focus on this important issue that is happening. thank you. >> and let's see how this is on the web. >> antonio, it was great to see people all over the world coming together. not just in support of our journalists in cairo but also in support of journalism. take a look at this map that shows you what is trending most. in london protesters stood in silence holding black balloons.

in kenya supporters gathered holding signs saying journalism is not a crime. al jazeera's international headquarters, employees took a break and in solidarity with their colleagues. in sydney also protesters huddled in the rain to show their support. here in new york, we are standing in full support of journalist and the campaign isn't over yet. tweet us your photos and show your solidarity with the journalists behind bars around the world. check out our web site for more. antonio back to you. into thank you. and. now to whistle-blowers who are raising troubling questions at one of the most toxic locations on earth. the power reservation in washington state is where plutonium was created for the first atomic bombs. radioactive sludge left behind

has been plagued by delays, design problems and fears that a nuclear chain reaction could occur because of the safety issues. the issues are flagged by high-ranking employees who say they suffered retaliation for speaking out. for more we are joined from seattle, washington by donna bushy who until two weeks ago was head of the clean-up at the site. she was fired on february 18th for her company called unprofessional conduct. she said she was fired for speaking out about speaking up about serious issues. this is the energy department's largest clean up anywhere in the united states. trying to take those 56 million-gallons of radioactive sludge that were in underground tanks. they are trying to turn that into solid glass. it is a massive project. how does this work? >> well the 17 self-tanks are distributed over quite a few

square miles with an intricate net of pumps and pipes. when it is pumped to facility that i was previously supporting, we would then treat that waste chemically to get some of the more dangerous constituents out of it and then after we had treated it chemically we would put it into a melter with glass heat it up to high temperatures. >> the tanks that were underground were beginning to leak. they were old and the danger was some of them were fairly close to the colombia river and there is fear that somehow some of that radioactive material could get into the river. >> it is a fear based on reality. the single shell tanks which were actually decommissioned in the 40s and 50s, those tanks are known to have been leaking into the environment for years. we have confirmed that over a

million gallons of this highly radioactive waste is actually in the aquifer and is moving towards the columbia river. >> now, you were very concerned about safety issues in this incredible project because it is more than 12 billion already. it has been going on for a decade. there are cost overruns it will probably cost billions of dollars more. what were the main safety issues you were seeing? the main safety issues is the radioactive waste with water generates hydrogen. when it comes into the waste treatment plants facilities in the chemical modifications to treat that waste it creates additional hydrogen gas. so that hydrogen can get trapped in pipes. it gets trapped in vessels and my biggest safety issue with the hydrogen is it clearly had no control strategy to make sure that we did not have a

detonation. so my job function is to makes sure that we adequately designed it to safely treat the waste. >> when you talk about detonation, how big a detonation are we talking about? >> oh, it would be a detonation in the vessels in our pre-treatment facility that would impact portions of 160,000 gallons of that waste. and if you saw the videos of fukushima that was a hydro yen detonation with the fuel interacting with water. so it is a very hydrogen reaction. >> now, you were a key employee of this company. on february 18, executives called you in and said you were being fired for unprofessional conduct? >> now we invited them to come on the show. they declined. you were fired again for speaking out about these safety issues and they said though you

urs supports her right to express her personal views. oar reaction to that? >> my reaction to the canned statement is what they have been saying since i chose to file for whistle-blower protection. but it can say that the department of energy has known since january that they had intentions to remove me from my position and officially asked the department of energy who did not approve that. and coincidentally a couple days later was terminated. my belief is that i raised safety issues because i was in a key prominent position and they made the decision to get rid of me. into the energy department has said they oversee the project

and they said that they did not sign off on your termination. and your termination also raised safety concerns. are you concerned, i'm sure most people watching are concerned as we listen to this anyone who speaks up about concerns at any kind of environment like this would be doomed? >> i think that that fear is genuine. secretary came to hamford to reach out to whistle-blowers in june, six of us were actually scheduled and had a meeting with the secretary and his staff. of the three people, 5 of us have been terminated. >> you are not objecting to the new -- you think this could be done safely? >> yeah, i absolutely. i'm a nuclear engineer and i have deathcated my career to cleaning

up sites like this. and it is imperative that we get the waste out of the tanks into a safe matrix so it is groundwater. >> donna, appreciate your time tonight. thank you. >> straight ahead. designer jeans. using modern technology to plan your family? putting the squeeze on o.j. at the breakfast table. and later, what penguins can tell us about the environment. >> >> these protestors have decided that today they will be arrested >> these people have chased a president from power, they've torn down a state... >> what's clear is that people don't just need protection, they need assistance.

use of invitro fertilization or ivf is exploding in the u.s. leading to some huge ethical questions. it is leading to the creation of designer babies and is that a bad thing? also a more controversial version of ivf could lead to what people are calling three parent babies has opponents up in arms. do we draw the line on what is acceptable and what is not? joining us here in new york arthur kaplan, director of the gigs of medical ethics. arthur it is great to have you on the show. ivf is growing by leaps and bounds.

more than 60,000 of the babies born in the u.s. were born through ifc. -- ivf. >> enormous explosion worldwide. i'm going to say it is well over 200,000 babies. what used to be an oddity has become routine. in how much witt is parents who have fertility issues and how many of it is parents who are actually doing this because they want a new jen tinge screening for a possible disease they are they might be transmitting? >> that is a great question. i would say if we went back, seven years, 95% of people infertile. today, i'm going to bet there is probably 10 or 15 percent growing of fertile people saying i want to avoid disease. i'm going to make embryos though we could make them the old birds and bees way, i want to make sure i don't have a child with a problem. >> and the reality is that doctors can develop embryos. we have been able to put it in

a dish, not hurt it. it grows normally. you take the dna out of the cell, you run the usual test you run on you or me. >> incredible. >> science physical thon. >> now one case that is getting a lot of attention is a woman who has something called gss. i won't try to pronounce the disease. that leads to a very painful death. and she had invitro and basically looked at all the imbringios in the dish. in the dish. >> and they figured out which ones did not have the gss gene and they discarded those embryos and she went on to have healthy babies who will not have that disease. >> to me i know that it is morally controversial to intentionally destroy an embryo but when you can pick out the ones that will have a horrible disease or live a shortened life span it seems to me the ethical thing to do to avoid creating that burden for a person.

so that type of screening of embryos. >> and for a breast cancer gene or increase the likelihood of bareness cancer where do you draw the line? >> so that's the big question. and i would say this. when you are talking about a certainty of disease. you see flawed genes, you know you will have a child with tays country hs or other conditions rare that are bad for the baby. i think there you can screen with abandon. we get requests to say how about a boy or girl? i don't think that is a disease. we won't do it at my school. the but some places are doing it. and in other countries they will as well. so, for me, if it is a clear cut disease state or the high risk of a clear cut disease i think you can screen morally.

when it is just a difference, when it is just a taste, i start to have ethical reservations about that. >> and some people are -- it is not just the sex, they are looking -- >> freckles. there are plenty of things that can be put on the table. i'll give you one. in many societies being an albino is viewed with horror. not a big deal, you put on sunglasses and wear suntan locations. but inmy parts of the world they don't want someone without pigment in their skin. is that a disease? there are two nobel prize winners who have been albinos. and that is something that the disability advocates would say. a lot of people who have been incredible have incredible conti -- contributions would never have existed. >> let me give you an example. i had a request from a deaf couple and said we want testing. and i saiding on okay. you want to avoid that? they wanted to create a child that was deaf just like them.

so that's a separate question can you use genetic testing if it makes the child worse off or less than they might have been. and my question is no. i don't think we should have honored that request. >> so many questions being raised and none more than this news this week about people in britain and here in the united states looking into this possibility of what are being called three parent. i will let you explain. >> it is not as awful as it sounds. remember your high school -- as the cells are dividing. it takes power. you need energy. not a lot. a little part of the cell mito chondria is the battery pack. when it doesn't work you get diseases or a child who is deaf. we can take the little power packs from a normal egg and put them into an egg from the woman who has this condition, fertilize that, voilá you have repaired -- think of it as an

organ transplant. we will transplant the mito chond ria. there are three people involved. because you have a power pack doesn't make you a parent. >> opponents of this really are up in arms. and they are raising things that said there is no way to know what the consequences are. >> true. >> could this be something that creates serious problems? >> there are two concerns yet izturisics are raising. is it safe? well you have to do it in animals and even in cells and we have seen enough evidence to say we are close to being sure you can make a healthy child this way. 100%? no, honestly is medicine 100% true about anything before we start it? until you try it in humans, no. so i'm ready to say given how horrible these diseaseses are you get across the line. other issue, we start doing this, aren't we going to head down theroid to engineering designer babies and perfect babes?

i'm not willing to hold these family hostage to the future. i'm happy to have the fight should we have perfection or designer babies. but i'm not going to say to the mom who wants a healthy baby. you can't get that fixed because 15 years from now we are all going to be freaking out about yougenic says. >> we are well into the realm of science fiction. about. >> arthur, thank you. >> thank you for having me. straight ahead. why so so many breakfast tables doing away with orange juice? and penguins are popular around the world. now they may be giving us important clues about the environment. >>

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>> we have to get out of here... >> truth seeking... break though investigative documentary series... new episode, deadly force only on al jazeera america >> today a change at the changing breakfast. for years a glass of orange juice was as much a part of the morning ritual as eggs and bacon. somehow o.j. reached popularity in the mid-90s. three out of four american households buying it and keeping it in refrigerators. but the department of citrus admits o.j. has been on decline for 15 years. in an annual psychle that ended last september only 563 million-gallons of o.j. sold. that is the lowest level since they started keeping track in the late 90s. so what happened? higher hurt. in the last decade it costs 440 a gallon, now it averages $6.20. crops were hit hard by major

frosts in the '80s. then an inspect born disease called citrus greening has affected many crops. the disease has helped slash america crops by 20%. less supply means higher prices. also families in the u.s. don't sit down for breakfast like they used. the american journal of lifestyle medicine published a report saying the first meal of the day has seen a steady decline since the early 70s and one this 5 americans don't eat it at all. then as america has gotten healthier or attempted to, there is increased concern about the high levels of sugar in orange. and o.j. is facing stiff competition from other juice and sports drinks. still, it doesn't seem o.j. will get squeezed out of the morning ritual any time soon. coming up the letsons we can learn from penguins that can pay major dividends down the road. >>

is there a new victim in the battle against climate change? a study over nearly three

decades has found that penguin chicks are increasingly dying due to the is everrity of southeastern argentina. 200,000 breeding pairs of these peng wings are affected. is climate change affecting the future of these birds. joining us from seattle washington, the professor of biology at the university of washington and director for the center of penguins. she is the lead author of the study. great to have you with us. in your study, you track the survival rates of nearly 3500 penguin chicks in that area over the course of nearly three decades. what did you find? >> well, i think that the thing that people have to realize is that it is really hard to do long term studies. but long term studies really inform us about the world and what we should worry about and not worry about. that to me has been the exciting part of doing this study.

>> it must have been exciting. but what did you find? >> we found that climate has already changed and increasing the reproductive failure of the penguins. there is a lot of let the the penguins face. there are 17 species of penguins. 11 are considered endangered or vulnerable. penguins have a tough time making a living. they are also ocean sentinels. they tell us what is happening to them is also happening to us. and climate change is taking place and is affecting penguins. not only those but other species. what we show over a 3 deer year period is that penguins are being affected by the extreme storms that occasionally come. doesn't happen every year. just like katrina doesn't happen every year. but when you have the vents, it can kill over half of penguin chicks. and two-thirds of the chicks don't survive. that is just from natural causes. so how much worse then does that make the situation, the

third that survives, half of those die? >> yeah, but, what happens is in some years, the majority cause of death is the rain events. the storms. so, that can wipe out most all the chicks from a year. so, the penguins live a long time that's the good news. many of them live up to 30 years. they have many years to reproduce. but if every year you lose most of your kings, having new events that add on to your problems and being able to reproduce and raise young is just an increasing problem. >> and one of your findings is that the birds are laying eggs on average three days later because of all the storms how does that affect them? >> well, the interesting thing is kind of complicated to think about it this way. but penguins 30 years ago were more sin chronus. they would lay their eggs over a 13 day period. and in some years they melee

their eggs over a 27 day period. so what happens is that the time when the chicks are vulnerable, chicks are vulnerable getting wet in these rainstorms until they are 41 days of age. so, if they get wet and then there is a cold night, that is what kills them. it is not only these penguins but chinstrap and the daily penguins in the antarctic peninsula. so this is a widespread problem for wildlife. and of course, we are starting to see the same problems for people because we are getting more severe weather as the climate models have predicted. when we get severe weathers it kills people as well as penguins. >> and you found in your study that -- well your study is not the only one that found this in storms have aced bird populations, similar studies on fall donees in canada. heavy rains were killing hatch

also and the rains were increasing. were you surprised to see such similar findings? >> i think that is one of the strengths of these particularly long term studies because they show us that the cases are models that are predicting what is going to happen are pretty good and that we should worry about these problems. ha is certainly true for these penguins. but it is not only penguins affected by the storms. there are other seabirds living in same places and other mammals living in the same places that have problems vent. >> well, let's hope something can be done to protect the beautiful animals. everybody loves penguins. professor -- we are right up against the end of the show so we have to say good-bye. we thank you very much for joining us. the show may be over but the conversation continues on our web site. you can find us on twitter at aj consider this. see you next time. >>

>> hello and welcome to the newsur. in da has, here's what's coming up. >> i was forced to leave the ukraine under the immediate threat to my life and the life of my family. >> ukraine's ousted president says he's still the country's legitimate leader. >> armed men supporting russia take over the airports in the crimean capitol