that's next week on "real money" 7:00 p.m. eastern time, 4:00 pacific right here on al jazerra. that is our show for today, i am ali velshi, thanks for joining us and have yourselves a great day. on "america tonight", the weekend edition. >> if i were to take you to talk to somebody. >> a rational approach to the irrational. about. >> half the police shooting deaths are mentally ill suspects. simple steps could save lives. trained? >> my goal is to protect another family going through a terrible tragedy that ruined our lives. also, broke and at the back of the line, as detroit tries to

dig its way out of debt. "america tonight" investigation finds some waiting years for city payments could be the biggest losers. >> ever since the city filed for bankruptcy. the lawyers won't return emails or phone calls. >> on a school day we'll have six or seven kids in the office. she says bring them in, raising debate about work, and finding the all-elusive balance. good evening, naption for joining us -- thanks for joining us, i'm chan when -- joie chen.

we begin with a rash of police shootings, 75% are mentally ill. we speak to a woman whose mentally ill son was shot and killed by the police. >> i decided to keep his door locked because i feel it's his space, and i don't want anybody intruding in it. >> mary visits her son keith's room when she wants to feel close to him. >> come in. it's keith's room. this is keith's new drum set, which he got for christmas, and he was so delighted. i used to love to listen to him playing the drums. i miss him. he was a good kid. he was very loving. i miss hearing him, saying every night "mum, i love

you." sorry. >> no. >> keith's memory haunts every corner of the house. >> reporter: what were some of the challenges as a mother, schizophrenic. >> he tried to hurt himself. decided to drink bleach, which i knocked out of his hand came out here at the vacuum. took the cord, wrapped it around his net. >> that day, with the help of police, she was able to get him to hospital for treatmentment much on january 5th. he picked up a small screw safety. >> he wasn't right. i felt he needed to see a doctor. i asked my husband to call 911. >> mary says the first two officers established a dialogue with her son. a third officer entered the whom.

mary said he escalated the situation. less than a minute later keith was dazed and struggling with two other officers. >> out of the corner of my eye i thought i saw something brown. it didn't connect in my brain that it was a gun. then i heart the gun go off, and saw my son start to bleed. >> a third officer shot keith. he died on the way to the hospital. the officer, brian vassie was indicted for voluntary manslaughter. his lawyer claims he had to make a split second decision and was protecting the lives of the other officers. >> when you called the police that day, did you imagine that this would end in a scenario like this is this. >> no. no, because it shouldn't have.

because they should within trained to handle this. >> keith's death is part of a troubling trend. recent shootings, like this one in march, of a homeless man in albuquerque mexico have shined a spotlight on what many see as the excessive use of force when dealing with the mentally ill. >> according to a 2013 report by the national sheriff's association, half the people shot and killed by police in the u.s. have a psychiatric disorder. the report blames a broken mental health system, forcing law enforcement to play the role of mental health provider. >> the community mental health system is a bare bones last-level safety net that is not adequate for providing a level of care needed in the community. when they are not getting treatment they come in contact with law enforcement. >> the captain spent much of his career improving police

interaction with the mentally ill. >> we equipped officers with no training in how to deal with the calls that are complex, volatile, emotionally stirred up and dangerous. that's a recipe for disaster. >> in fact, conventional police training can inflame encounters with the mentally ill. >> traditional law enforcement are rooted in logic, reasoning, and we can make the situation safe by taking a person into custody. barking orders at a person with work. >> after two high profile police shootings of mentally ill people in 2002, colorado tried a new approach. crisis intervention training for cit. >> when we became exposed to cit i recognised it was a faster, smarter way of dealing with the problem. why not train officers in how

to effectively situation. >> are you okay? >> with cit officers are trained to look for signs of mental illness and just the approach. >> we have two coming up. i have two coming up right now. >> this is a week-long course, in which we are trying to teach officers to deal with folks that are mentally ill. >> when is the last time you took your med indication. >> i give it to my brother. he likes it more. >> you have to do five role play, where they apply skills and what they learnt. >> if i were to take you to talk to someone. >> i'm talking to you. you can talk to [ bleep ]. don't you call me. >> not at all. >> watching this, it seemed realistic. how was if for you? >> they are very realistic. during a scenario you can feel the sweat dripping down inside your shirt because you put

yourself this that situation. >> officer chad walker found the training left him better equipped to handle the growing number of calls involving the mentally il. >> it's more prevalent. we handle three or four calls, and one of them off the top of bipolar. >> can you give me an example of a call you have gone on where you had to use your training. >> absolutely. there was a call of a 10-year-old with autism that we have dealt with before, and had a knife and was chasing his mother around the house. he looked at u and started walking towards us with the knife in his hand. we knew the person by name. called him by his first name. asked him how he was feeling, and he dropped the knife, came to us and lisped to us. it is -- listened to us. it was awesome. it was possibility a deadly

force situation. training. >> half of colorado's plifs are trained -- police officers are trained in cit. colorado deploys fewer swat teams and saves money. nationwide c it officers are officers. >> it's about keeping the officer and the community safe and the person in crisis safe so we can de-escalate the situation, get the person into custody and connected with whatever outcome is appropriate in that situation. >> in spite of its proven track record 10% of the nation's 25,000 police dets require intervention training. >> in north carolina, where keith was shot, one in five officers received the training. >> i noticed there were more vet rap soldiers coming back from the war. they have mental illness problems. we are having to deal with that

the best way that we know how. >> the chief of police wants to provide officers with cit. there's no money. that's the training as a police chief that i would like for all officers to have at some point. because i'm a small agency with hard. >> how concerned are you that something under your watch could end in tragedy if the guys don't get the training they need? >> it's a big concern. if i can't send an officer to the range to learn his weapon, and if he's in a situation where he needs to use it but didn't borderline. >> since keith's death mary is an advocate of crisis intervention training. >> what happened in my home, i felt there was people not qualified to handle a mentally ill person. and if you are not qualified,

what the heck are you doing in my home, get out. you should not be here. she has submitted a bill to her state representative called keith's law, making c it mandatory to all officers in north carolina. >> this programme is a commonsense programme. train them so they can handle the population that they deal with every day. my goal is to prevent another family from going through a terrible tragedy that has ruined our lives. this is not going to bring back my son. but it might save somebody else's son or daughter. >> our story from "america tonight"'s correspondent. >> next - short changed again. a bankrupt detroit faces its creditors. why some waited years for the

>> drug wars in mexico >> this guy saw someone they suspect and they just went after them >> now vigilantes have joined the fight >> i don't want to do this... >> is it a popular uprising? or a new wave of violence? >> fault lines... al jazeera america's hard hitting... >> they're locking the door... ground breaking... >> we have to get out of here... truth seeking... award winning documentary series mexico's vigilante state only on al jazeera america real reporting that brings you the world. giving you a real global perspective like no other can. real reporting from around the world. this is what we do. al jazeera america.

the stream is uniquely interactive television. in fact, we depend on you, your ideas, your concerns. >> all these folks are making a whole lot of money. >> you are one of the voices of

this show. >> i think you've offended everyone with that kathy. >> hold on, there's some room to offend people, i'm here. >> we have a right to know what's in our food and monsanto do not have the right to hide it from us. >> so join the conversation and make it your own. >> watch the stream. >> and join the conversation online @ajamstream. now following detroit's bankruptcy case, pensioners and retirees have been pitted against bond holders and financial institutions. there's another group of people forgotten in the fight. creditors, who stand to become casualties through no falls of their own and little means to do anything about it. we have this report in this "america tonight" investigation. >> reporter: this may look like an ordinary family moment.

for dwayne it's a pleasure he was denied for almost a decade while in prison for a murder he did not commit. it's a nightmare that began 14 years ago. >> i thought i was getting pulled over for a traffic stop. i looked through the rear view mirror, and cops were jumping out the car with guns raised up at my car, telling me to keep my hands on the steering wheel. next thing i'm getting smashed out the car. >> police arrested dwayne for the murder of a local drug dealer named hunter. >> i didn't know him, i thought it was a mistake that would be cleared up in a day or two. >> instead the case went to trial. please. >> larry wylie, the progress's only witness was a homeless man that did handiwork in dwayne's neighbourhood and accused dwayne three months after the murder

when police arrested him for a break-in. his testimony was inconsistent but dwayne was made guilty. >> i heard guilty. everything went blank, like an out of body experience. >> dwayne, a 26-year-old father of three was sentenced to between 32 and 62 years. >> it was very, very, very hard. you know, i broke down plenty of files in prison. i'm scratching my head. by the time i get out, my kids will be grown and have kids on their own. is this reality for me? >> dwayne appealed his conviction, with no result. then a group of law students from the university of michigan innocence clinic got involved and discovered police notes caghting key -- contributing key witness testimony and never got team.

>> this is evidence that shows of the person arrested didn't do it, ex-cull pattery or something that might impeach the witness. >> if that had been used in the convicted. >> no, if the prosecutor had seen it, he would have dismissed the case. that's how powerful that was. had they been turned over to dwayne's defense council, a rookie lawyer could have got an acquittal. >> there was another important revelation from the key witness larry riley. >> reporter: can you tell us what happened? >> no, i can't, i was not there. >> not only that, whilie made a charge. he said he was coached by the detroit police officer leading the investigation. soon affidavits is a judge -- afterwards a judge threw out dwayne's conviction.

>> it was a happy day of my life, a day i dreamed of, that i doors. >> the city he returned to was different to the detroit he remembered. when i got out of prison it was like a culture shock. it was wow, what the hell happened. like someone dropped a bomb on the city. >> he began to put his life back together and found a lawyer to sue the city and the officer that led the investigation. in the summer of 2011 a case. >> that panel with a collective experience of probably 70 years doing nothing but civil right cases decided the case was worth $5 million. >> the city rejected the amount. the case was headed for more negotiation or in to court trial. >> we were right there at the goal line. >> but less than later...

>> the city of detroit has made history, but not in a good way. it's become the largest city in the u.s. to file for bankruptcy. >> with the bankruptcy, dwayne's case stopped in its tracks. so did more than 500 other lawsuits against the city, filed by ordinary citizens with grievances, with no place at the table in high-stakes negotiations over detroit's bankruptcy. one of them it 72-year-old jessie payne. jessie is happiest when with her dozens of grandkids and great grandkids. family and church have been the mainstays for her life. and to get around the city she used the bus, better known as the d dot. two years ago she took the bus that changed her life. >> i started to cross the street to go to the doctor's

office. and as i started across the street, the bus backed over me and i fell to the ground. and when i looked down at my leg, it was split open. it looked like mag ots was crawling in my leg. >> when jessie woke up, she was in the hospital. >> i didn't feel nothing. i couldn't feel my legs. they told me they thought i was doing to losely legs. >> jessie was in the hospital for a year before moving to a rehabilitation home. she undergoes physical therapy five days a week. >> i still have pains today in my legs. i wake up a lot of nights with pain in my legs. you should see the scars. >> jessie's injury is permanent. before the bankruptcy the city of destroyed agreed to pay her.

>> we have several judgments, all of which are affected by the bankruptcy. it's roughly $3.5 million. jessie's lawyers were on their way to pick up the check when the city halted the payment. now jessie's money is entangled in bankruptcy law. >> right now we have pieces of paper, essentially, that need to be converted into monetary dams for jessie. in the bankruptcy process, that's a complex process. it's upchartered territory for virtually everybody involved. >> the task of coming up with a plan for the largest municipal bankruptcy falls to kevin or. his job is monumental. the issues talked about have been coming this way years. >> kevin orr are puts the debt and unfunded liabilities at a staggering 18 billion and pushes a plan of the cuts and

investments to change that. >> i don't want to do it. i'm here to make the hard call. that's my job. >> detroit had been in decline for years. it wasn't until the bankruptcy that individual creditors started to take a hit. in every bankruptcy there are losers. in this one some may suffer more than others. under the city's counter plan plifs and firefighters could give 100% of their pensions. 20%. jessie. >> that would mean she wasn't fairly compensated. jessie payne is not a sophisticated wall street bank or large bond holder. she's a woman walking in a parking lot, got hit by a city fairly. >> banks, bond holders and pension funds blamed for contributing to detroit's decline had a seat at

the sneghting table. jessie and dwayne, do not. being falsely incarcerated for something i didn't do. i didn't put the city in the situation they are in now. i think it's a little unfairle. >> has the city reached out to you about negotiating or having input into how claims like dwaynes are treated. >> you can't get a lawyer on the phone. lawyers won't return an email, a telephone call, bankruptcy lawyers will not return a call, not my call. >> they didn't return our calls either. despite requests. emergency manager kevin orr are would not comment. >> they are taking meetings, they are in negotiations with bond holders and unions?" >> that's where the focus is. pensioners have attention because of their unions. the or people like dwayne don't have that.

they don't have the union behind them. dwayne's story has a costly twist. while in prison, the state billed him for child support. the only time they cut it off, it was 8.5 years when i was in prison, waking up and he's in prison, let's stop it. at that time i was almost 100,000 in debt, child support. >> under-michigan law he'll owe that amount. dwayne's only hope is to get him. >> right now i'm basically riding a wave to see how it will all pan out. >> if you could tele-kevin orr anything -- tell kevin orr anything, what would you say? >> i know he's doing a job he has to do to get the city back up to viable and i applaud him for that. if i can speak to kevin orr , i would let him know to give us more meat on the bone so we can

if feel vindicated for what we went through. >> there are more than 500 other cases covering everything from police abuse and wrongful incarceration to employment discrimination and unfair dismissal. like jessie pain, many never told their stories and emergency manager kevin ore is yet to talk about any of them. when we return, sparking controversy, e-cigarettes and effort to keep them away from kids. >> al jazeera america presents borderland's dramatic conclusion >> no one's prepared for this journey. >> our teams experience the heart breaking desperation >> we're all following stories of people that have died in the desert. >> and the importance... >> experiencing it, has changed me completely... >> of the lives that were lost in the desert >> this is the most dangerous part of your trip... >> an emotional finale you can't miss...

>> we got be here to tell the story. >> the final journey borderland continues... only on al jazeera america

tropingic cigarettes -- electronic cigarettes or vapours are really very popular. users say it can help smokers quit. there's no consensus about the health effects. and until now zero regulations. years after the e-cigarettes exploded to the market the f.d.a. moved to label them and stop them being sold to minors. people are disappointed. in february 2013 the unthinkable happened. for the first time in half a century an ad for cigarettes appeared on tv. >> do you know what the amazing thing about this cigarette is? is isn't one. >> a team of executives in scottsdale arizona found a loophole in tobacco advertising.

the law defined cigarettes as loose tobacco rolled in paper. of the 200 stations that screened the ad 10 aired it during the superbowl. enough to make sales rise by 10%. suddenly the handcuffs were off. >> i have never seen it. >> it has a be-julied bottom. >> it's remarkable. >> i know. ♪ there's nothing in this world . >> at a yearly meeting of tobacco selling e-cigarettes are the rage. the f.d.a. has been mulling regulation for years. ready. >> we are acting in a responsible way now with an eye on where the regulation is going.

>> the reality is f.d.a. regulates everything in the store today, whether it's food, tobacco, beverage. companies that are responsible can be highly successful in a regulated environment. >> what has not changed is the loss surrounding marketing. e-cigarettes are free to use tactics that had been banned. some of the acts appearing in magazines was identical to big tobacco 40 years ago. >> it's the marlborough man, the virginia slims riding a new way. >> matt myers is president for tobacco-free kids, and spend his career taking down big tobacco. unravel. >> a teenager today has never seen the marlborough man or a cigarette ad on tv. our concern is the product and how it's been marketed. it has the potential to undeal literally 30 years of progress

in reducing tobacco use among america's children. >> e-cigarettes have been described as a significant development in the history of the tobacco industry. more than 200 companies are selling them, with total sales expected to reach more than $3 billion this year. more than 3.5 million americans have tried electronic cigarettes. analysts say it will outnumber traditional smokers. >> no one knows what the health effects are of puffing these things hours a day for 20 years. >> thomas farrelly is the new york health commissioner behind some of the toughest anti-smoking laws. >> we worked hard to counteract the cool fact of cigarettes. the concern is that egrets become cool, it may spill lofr future. >> the dream of a cigarette began in the '80s.

premiere. >> an odorless and smokeless cigarette goes on sale. rj reynolds will test market the cigarettes. >> the company spent 300 million developing the device. charcoal. >> at the emporium, charcoal is not on the menu. they cover flavours, a knew then om none known as vaping. peter helped to open the business, a culmination of his own battle with smoking. >> i was a smoker for 36 years and was looking for a way to quit. i went out and and bought cigarettes. i did research, saw an opportunity to stop smoking, which i did and thought there was a great business opportunity. the shop has been here for seven months. we have exploded. the world found out about

e-cigarettes, an altrnive to smoking a product that kills you, and we offer ways to learn about that, to experience and go home with something that is a better alternative. that is how you might describe the vibe, and that image is part of the problem. critics feel the atmosphere will help nonsmokers. >> we are for the regulations and laws regarding selling to minors. we take it seriously. >> we sell a lot of flavours, there's a lot of controversy about flavours. >> there is. >> the idea is that they would appeal to minors. do you agree with ta. minors. >> i say it does. >> what is important about flavours is when someone starts vaping they are bored of a flavour after a week or so and look for something to replace that. by having flavours, it's keeping people using the products rather

than going back to cigarettes. >> the ingredients are a mystery. what is inside depends on who you ask. >> is it responsible to push a product like this. >> traditional cigarettes kill you. anything you do to move people away from the cigarettes is a form of harm reduction. we know that kills you, this may not. let's do what we can to keep the doors open. f.d.a. regulations require companieses to expose ingredients and manufacturing. in the absence of hard science, what happens in a long term is fuelling passion and politics. i don't know if anybody knows where this is going. the tobacco companies are businesses. if they can create a new market for people afraid of tobacco cigarettes but not of egrets -

the only way to prevent them regulation. >> let's not legislate it. let's keep it open until there's definitive evidence against the cigarette. it may be a way to get people them. >> after a decade of deception, and drawn out legal battles, can big tobacco be trusted again. >> one of the most troubling aspects is that e-cigarettes may have the potential under the right circumstances to help millions quit. if they were responsibly marketed and made. e-cigarettes could be helpful. but the actions of the e-cigarette manufacturer themselves may become the biggest impediment to actually finding out how helpful they can be. >> "america tonight"'s correspondent reporting from new york. a city-wide ban on smoking

e-cigarettes in public places takes effect on tuesday. >> the dark side of liquid gold. >> wherever you have lots of men and lots of money, you find prostitution, and you find trafficking. >> the money, sex and violence, it's all happening and thanks to america's oil boom. we start a new series "dirty power", monday on "america tonight". . >> next, leaning in or opting out. balancing work and kids and the inevitable but unspoken conflict between those that do and those >> weekday mornings on al jazeera america >> we do have breaking news this morning... >> start your day with in depth coverage from around the world. first hand reporting from across the country and real news keeping you up to date.

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consider this: the news of the day plus so much more. >> we begin with the government shutdown. >> answers to the questions no one else will ask. >> it seems like they can't agree to anything in washington no matter what. >> antonio mora, award winning and hard hitting. >> we've heard you talk about the history of suicide in your family. >> there's no status quo, just the bottom line. >> but, what about buying shares in a professional athlete? real perspective, consider this

on al jazeera america don't. seems american women are leaving the workforce in record numbers. the number of stay at home numbers is up 6% since 2010. the question is why? facebook c.e.o. sara sandbook says women need to lean in. here is another idea. maybe the workplace itself is what needs to change. "america tonight"'s michael oku spoke to a trail blazing ceo who is on a mission to do just that. >> there was a time when sabrina carsons was a card-carrying member of the culture. >> it's about facetime, proving the long hours, and i sleep under my desk and 18 hours a day, day in, day out. >> it's like a badge of honour to show how much you suffer. >> it is. >> she

as a rising star buying in to the ruthless competition. how far they lived from the office, they were married with kids, and the founders would find a drag coefficient. >> the purpose of the question to employees was what. >> the further away you live from work. if you had app spouse and kids, they'd drag you away from the office hence the coefficient. if you drag coefficient was too high. you better be superdesire ible. >> today, parson lives and works in a different culture. one she has created herself. her day starts early here in oregon. boys. >> the water is a flurry of maths problems and musical scales. >> are your shoes over there. then

it's out the door. >> is everybody wearing jackets? >> yes. >> scheduling on the go. sleepover. >> no. >> off to school, and a trip to the bakery with the youngest. >> all right. come on. >> back home, she meets the nanny. finally says goodbye. >> bye momma. going. >> good. that's good, i like it. that works. >> because parsons is not only a mum, she's also the c.e.o. of the multi-million tech company. it designs tools to help small business owners, and a radical quo. >> on a school day we have six or seven kids in the office. any other day, one or two. maybe three. >> as boss, she allows employees to bring their children to the office any time they like.

a one woman revolt against what she sees as the crazy culture she was part of. >> i look at that experience and say it's not just crazy, i have to talk about why it's crazy. >> her conversion began when she got pregnant, she left her management position in silicon valley. company. >> at some point when i'm 8.5, 9 months pregnant out to here. dad calling me into the office saying "what are you going to do is this you can't bring the babe yi into the office. and looking at dad saying . >> when she went to work her son was with her. >> from that moment. i felt from a company champion. >> the company became a place parents could safely bring their kids on sick days, school holidays, vacations, all the times that caused working

parents stressed. newborns welcome. >> most of my coworkers on the development team are parents. they were all very familiar with diaper emergencies and baby crying emergencies. >> fields is the breadwinner for her family. she didn't want to give up her job or caring for her baby. >> i wanted her with me. >> how much does this mean to you. that you have this option? >> it's amazing. >> i don't have to choose between wanting to be a good parent and a career. >> i'm curious. >> as a c.e.o. is the approach think. >> it has been for us. >> company revenue has shot up 106% over the last few years. in part because she can recout employees. >> i think people like being here, there's a lot of people

who are mid career here. which is when women drop out of the workforce. >> she is right. according to the center for work-life policy 43% of highly qualified women with children leave their careers. there's limits. no colicky babe yibs allowed. >> we have guidelines. if you bring in the kids they sit quiete with you or there's areas with video games, comfortable couches. no, you can't use this instead of daycare. you can't bring your child in every day instead of planning stuff for the kid to do. that's not good for the kid or you. >> it's not always a perfect arrangement. even on the day we visited that was apparent. parsons has critics, and they lashed out at talks or her blog mummy c.e.o.

a commenter wrote: . >> she has certainly violated the conventional wisdom about workplace. >> what is wrong with keeping the two world's separate? >> i think what is so wrong is that eventually it's why women get mummy tracked, and i think it's crazy to thing an employee is going to choose your company over their family. >> there are now nine babies on the way at parson's company. one small parent-friendly island in a sea of workaholic tech companies. i cancelled out one of them. there's more of them. one step at a time.

it's about me being able to say i can do it all. this is what my all is. i can be professional. i can kick butt and do the job good or better than anyone else, and i can be the mother i want to be. >> ahead in the final thoughts of this hour. an american in paris. along the sand, across the left bank - a new legendry voice and another generation of >> award winning producer and director joe berlinger exposes the truth. >> our current system has gone awry... >> a justice system rum by human beings, can run off the rails. >> sometimes the system doesn't serve and protect, and the innocent pay the price. what goes wrong? >> it's a nightmarish alternative reality, sometimes you can't win... >> an original investigative series. when justice is not for all...

the system with joe beringer only on al jazeera america

. >> finally from us, from the origins in the south to the swing clubs in new york, jazz has a long history. no more is it loved more so than in paris. where the american meets the

french. with an american in paris, here is sheila macvicar. ♪ music ] . >> don't be fooled by china's fluent french. she is very much an american jazz singer. it's just that china lived in paris since she was eight years old. . >> there's something magical about rivers. >> yes. >> and it's a magical center. living in, like this area, every sunday they close down the

banks, and you see the notre dame. this is here. you look at the architecture. this is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. it's crazy. it's crazy. >> i live in a postcard. and would i ever want to give it up? . >> all this time you lived in france, you feel... . american? >> no. no, they think - i have to remind them, i'm 100% american, that's why i'm crazy and smile and talk loud.

it's a different energy. there is still time here. >> time to... >> have a coffee. >> sit in a cafe. >> sit in the cafe. i can still do it here. >> there's less time for that now that china's career is taking off in europe. [ singing ] after five albums and successful tours in france. china is a hot talent on the jazz circuit. >> and her talent flows from a deep source. china's mother is dd bridge water, one of the great voices of american jazz, winning accolades and a grammy. and another jazz fitzgerald.

>> you talked about your mum being a role model. >> she came to france, two kids, freshly divorced and pretty much unknown and rebuilt her name by herself. and the artistic world opened her arms to her. >> my france. she dreamed of france. like a lot of black musicians. we have a thing about france. in the "30, "40s, '50s, some parts of the state you could not be considered as a human being even. in france you were going through the front doors, people were putting you on magazines and you were part of the party as much as everybody. the list of black musicians who found refuge in europe and france is long. >> that history started where millions of american soldiers were sent across the atlant uk

to help france defeat germany in world war i. 2,000 also marked into europe and music history, accompanied by their own jazz bands. for the war-weary french, the sound of jazz was a revelation, and an instant hit. many black american musicians tired of presently faced at home jumped at the chance to stay and dazzle a city where the colour lines are more fluent. guys found out there was a lot of gigs and plains. stuck. >> in the shadow. the basilica that dominates the skyline. jazz expatriots turned a hillside agency into a bastian of the roaring 20s. >> when you look at the pictures

and the roof tops and club, that they were up, they must have been amazing to see true musicians coming awe the boat. and -- coming off the boat and ask and playing jazz. that must have been cool. >> the french are the biggest supporters of jazz. and that, for the most american of music forms. which is kind of crazy when you think about it. >> and no one was crazier on statement than a young american dancer josephine baker. >> she had escaped race riots and started her own riot when she opened the theatre. >> things were going well. and the states - a lot of unknown musicians got the weird invitations from music lovers and they would sale for two

weeks and get over to the old continent. and it was a whole other world. >> josephine would become the most famous and adored american expatry ot who lived in france. she returned that love in her biggest hit, singing "i have two loves." my country and paris. after world war ii, paris hosted another invasion. the bee bop era. modern jazz moved under ground to the basements of paris's left bank where it became the sound track to a generation of artists and phil os fors. many of the innovators making the stit its home. >> they would give over saying "hey, i'm the same person on the record with charlie parker, lowy armstrong."

people would freak out. jazz is making america's classical music. and it was made from black people, but white. it was a mash-up of colours. when you look into jazz history it's not just a black thing. jazz became a french thing. that's why china's mother brought her family to this thrilled. >> my mother was crazy to pull the move that she did. to bring me over, and my sister. she threw me into this culture where they are eat ing thumper. i thought "that's bambi's best

friend." of course, after a while i learnt to appreciate it. >> china learnt a larger lesson. it's not about being american, but considering the whole world your home, and that there are no boundaries. destiny. >> my mum pushed me into music when i was trying to wrap. i was singing my choruses and my mum played my songs to a talent director, and he was "you have a great voice, particular. there's one thing", i'm like "what?" he said "you can't rap", i'm not latifah. >> you grew up in a family where it was all about the music. it's all about art. it's all about being who you are going to be when you are trying

to go for it. never led an artificial family. >> today china is jumping between soul and jazz while repairing the contribution. marvin quay. >> i don't need a paint brush, i don't need music. you were your instrument. it still has to be one of the fascinating. i don't know why it's not scientifically proven. [ singing ]

. >> truly beautiful. "america tonight" sheila macvicar reporting. that's it for us here. we'll have more of "america tonight" tomorrow.

>> president obama is in the philippines, and he signed a 10 year defense deal allowing greater u.s. military access in the region. this is al jazeera america, live from doha. also ahead - talks are expected to resume between the south sudan and rebels amid rampant violence. u.s. secretary of state john kerry says israel risks becoming an apartheid state, a 2-state solution if the palestine fails. and a