>> on america tonight, physicians unable to heal themselves. >> doctors' depression and high rate of suicide. >> there's absolutely no reason that we should have a health care system that creates a dynamic in which our he'llers are harming themselves. >> our in department report raises the question, what's the prescription to cure doctors? >> also tonight, front line iraq, america tonight finds an oil-rich nation running on

fumes. >> how long have you been waiting for gas? >> eight hours. >> an exclusive up-close look at a nation in turmoil, panic at the pump as fear of a wired conflict grows. >> a new home for a new generation. after americans fled vietnam, why it's become the hot new destination for a first or second career. >> good evening, thanks for joining us, i'm joie chen. iraq, increasing signs of crisis may involve more of the region. the united states is stepping up involvement, flying armed drones over baghdad to protect u.s. military advices on the ground

while in particular receipt tiko win the city back from the isil fighters. >> a development that could impact world energy markets, strict reactioning in place for local gas supplies. in our special report front line iraq. a report on a fuel crisis where you might least expect it. >> >> the line stretches for miles in one of the most oil rich countries in the world. >> how long have you been waiting for gas? >> eight, eight hours. been waiting for eight hours. since 3:00 a.m. >> the gas lines have become a part of daily life, a relatively peaceful and prosperous city in the kurdish region that have mostly avoided the problem that playing the rest of the country.

in recent weeks, the war between the iraq key army and isil has drown incurreddish security forces, disrupting the oil supply chain. >> why is there an oil shortage? >> the government is afraid to release too much gas, because they don't know what is going to happen in the future. >> so right now, i'm sitting here who ali, waiting in line for gas for four hours. you say you can only get 30-liters? so you were here yesterday, too, filling up. >> yes. >> how full would this get once you're able to put gas in? >> you're only allowed 30? >> yes. >> he's been talking to people who can only fill up half of their tank with the allocated amount. they're going to go home, park

cars, come back and do this again tomorrow. >> she people don't even have any gas left, they to have push their cars the entire way through the line, which in this 110-degree heat can get pretty exhausting. >> what you are angry about? >> this guy's angry because he spent seven hours out here in the hot sun waiting for gas and other people are able to bribe their way to the front of the line. >> we're sitting on a sea of oil, but it's like we're sipping it through a straw. >> the irony of the gas shortage in one of the most oil rich countries on earth is not lost on the residents here and reflect a general uneasiness as they prepare for the worst and iraq teeters on the edge of a full-blown civil war. aljazeera, northern iraq. >> as the threat of a widening

conflict grows, there are reports of the weakening of iraq's army. a senior iraqi defense official said half of the iraqi army is destroyed. it was supposed to be a stabilizing presence, but instead, the army quickly collapsed in the last few weeks against well equipped rebel fighters. for the americans tasked with helping to create the security force, it is a disturbing, although not unexpected blow. >> they weren't soldiers because they wanted to be soldiers, they wanted a job. >> the marine lt. fought side by side during his two employments to iraq. >> they had a severe lack of discipline. they weren't really a professional military force. >> he said the decision in 2003 to dissolve the army created a major obstacle from the

beginning of the war. >> the loss of their senior enlisted core completely eliminated any kind of basis from which you could build a strong military. no matter how many billions of dollars you spend, you cannot buy experience. you cannot buy legacy. you cannot just manufacture that out of nowhere. i can't look at them and say oh, it's their fault or they're lazy or loyalty fractured. they've been set up for failure from the beginning. >> matt took part in the monumental task of building an iraqi army from scratch. >> they came over and lived with us on our base. we were training them on a daily basis. >> all right, in a good steady position. >> teaching them basic soldiers skills, how to shoot, how to move in formation and essentially how to do their jobs.

the language barrier made the mission especially difficult. >> imagine being in a country where you can't communicate with the people you're working with, but it's your job to train them to form a co he'sive army. how can you accomplish that goal if you can't communicate with the people? it seems absurd. why not dedicate time and energy to training soldiers and making sure they can speak the language? >> despite initial missteps, he believes the pentagon investment in security forces combine with partnering with sunni militia's paid off. >> 2006, it was one of the most violent places on earth, it came down. thats was a big change due to the improvements in iraqi security forces. >> a military advisor in iraq

saw first hand the resources america poured in to propping up the iraqi national army. >> of course we also provided tons of equipment, from small arms like ak47s or m4s to tanks. lots of training, lots of equipment over an eight year period, while u.s. forces were there. by the end of 2011, the iraqi security forces approaching a million in total, if you count the army, the police, the intelligence services, et cetera. >> yet even as they grew in size, long saw his iraqi counterparts struggle to remain independent in the face of political pressures. >> the big weakness of the iraqi security forces all along has been the politicization. in 2010, they would sigh cronyism and bribery is rampant. >> that corruption created an

iraqi national army much stronger on paper than on the ground. >> on paper, there were hundreds of thousand. it's not clear exactly how many of those actually existed. there was a phenomenon of ghost soldiers and ghost policeman, 800 on the payroll for this battalion or police station or 300 showed up for work and somebody else pocketed the salaries of the other 500. >> in the years that followed, iraqi prime minister al-malaki appeared to use the army to advance his own interests. >> the malaki government has spent a lot of time over five yearsalian nateing the sunnis and that's not how you create an effective security force that has high morale. it was a rotten edifice to begin with. >> these iraqis admit it wasn't perfect but say the blame lice squarely with the government in baghdad. >> we spent eight years trying

to build a government, put president malaki in power to do the right thing. i think we shoulder the blame. we didn't do our homework, jump the to conclusions. without competent consistent leadership, the force isn't effective. they don't know their goal. there's no in tent from the commander. if the soldiers don't know the in tent, they can't execute it. >> the failure of the iraqi government to understand how or adequately deal with the fractious nature of their society to permeate their force, that's something we can't control. >> if you put yourself in the shoes of an iraqi soldier or policeman, it's pretty easy to understand why they ran away, particularly if they weren't for the region. why am i going tonight and die in mosul if i'm from southern "rack. these factors mean a lot of these guys surprised, not very well supported or led just took off.

>> they understand that and in some sense amend the turmoil, these veterans can't help but feel their work has been squandered. >> try getting up there. >> at least all the veterans i talked to are disappointed, i think some individuals feel really betrayed to see, as you say, literal blood sacrifice sort of down the drain. >> we invested time, lives and money to get iraq to the point where hopefully it would govern itself, unfortunately, the government that's in power in iraq chose not to do the right thing and chose to put their own interests ahead of the country and i think that's why we're in the situation we're in now. >> this week, two teams of special forces, about 90 advisers set up a joint center in iraq in hopes of strengthening the iraqi army. >> the hidden pain of

physicians. >> you didn't want the community to know that, you know, their doctor was dealing with this. it's kind of like well, gosh, you know, he'll lose his professional standing. >> an in-depth look at doctors and the depression that's driving them to suicide. >> later here, welcome to a second chance. why so many americans are finding a fresh start in a place a previous generation fled, the hot spot for new opportunities, vietnam today.

>> tomorrow, retired senator george mitchell. >> not every problem in the world is an american problem. >> shares his unique perspective on the future of america, home and abroad. >> people everywhere have certain things in common that are actually much greater than their differences. >> every saturday, join us for exclusive, revealing and surprising talks with the most interesting people of our time. talk to al jazeera, tomorrow, 5 eastern. only on al jazeera america.

>> we've all been a long way to see a doctor and the visit over in minutes, and you're not sure the doctor heard you. the pressure to pack in so many patients takes a toll on physicians. a growing number of medical professionals are stressed and fatigued, even depressed because of their jobs. america tonight reports on that depression and even suicide in a high-stakes profession. >> hello. >> hello. >> dr. write, how are you doing? >> at this urgent care clinic in nebraska, dr. don rice says it's all about efficiency. >> looking at the corner, you've got a little blood in there. >> the clinic sees 18,000 patients a year. >> you're 94 9:45 check in. >> we see everything here. we see newborns through

100-year-olds. >> rice said lately, his profits are scalpel thin. >> this one is done. >> that means he needs to keep the patients moving. >> hi, dr. rice. how are you doing? >> i feel like an acrobat spinning the plates and you're going around to see if you can keep them all up before they crash down. >> one still or two? these are all new now. >> these are all new. >> rice can see something is lost in the rush. >> i'll go ahead and grab room two. >> one of the things that i really genuinely feel badly about is that what i practice today is a fraction of what i practiced 15 years ago. >> 15 years ago, he was practicing family medicine in rural nebraska, but the grueling hours prompted a switch to urgent care. >> now, i have to take a deep

breath, and just say what can i do to help you today, and just see what we can accomplish in the time that we have together. >> we'll go ahead and we'll get this taken care of here. >> that time together is typically pretty quick. >> hello, dr. rice. >> i am so sorry you're not feeling good. >> i missed the opportunities to say hey, look, you're having trouble sleeping, your relationship is on the rocks with your spouse, let's talk about what god you here. now, it's 10-15 minutes and i hand to you prescription for an anti depressant and i hope to god they've got a social support system that helps them understand there's light at the end of the tunnel. >> rice sees no light at the end of the tunnel with his rushed schedule and shrinking reimbursement. >> good. turn your head. >> he's actually getting paid less by insurance companies and the government for the care he

provides. >> look over here. now is it still just one finger? >> uh-huh. >> what we do in the primary care is deinvolved. >> rice tells medical students to avoid careers in primary care like family practices or immediate at trick medicine. has he plenty of company. a national survey found nine in 10 doctors would not recommend the profession. >> come on in. >> family doctor pamela said her parents, both if i as i says advised her not to follow in their footsteps. she ignored them, but being a doctor wasn't what she expected. >> i remember one day, i saw like 45 patients. that is a lot of people's problems that i'm have gone to quickly answer and move on. it was a horrible feeling. i felt like i had to be mean to people for a living, when i'm a healer. >> what brings you in? >> she said after six jobs in 10 years, all in her words assembly line medicine, she wound up in

bed, seriously depressed. >> how close did you come to giving it all up? >> i came close to giving my entire life up, because i was in bed for six weeks and i just felt like i didn't want to wake up in the mornings, because it was just so painful. >> her own suicidal thoughts prompted her to look into physician suicides. what she found out shocked her. >> how big of a problem is suicide among doctors? >> it's an absolutely huge problem that's not being discussed. >> from her home in eugene, oregon, she has taken on doctor suicides as her personal crusade. >> this is the room you keep images of doctors that have committed suicide. >> right. >> and they're doctors that had an impact in my life. i dated two in medical school, two died by suicide. we lost thee men in town to suicide and one of them has pictures up here, as well.

>> she compiles doctor suicides in a diary. >> this is where i keep track of all the physicians that i've lost in my life and that people who contact me have lost. >> med scape, a weapon site for doctors estimates 400 u.s. physicians commit suicide each year, but she believes the number is much higher. >> there's absolutely no reason that we should have a health care system that creates a dynamic in which our he'llers are harming themselves. >> she's begun speaking out about a hidden epidemic like this ted talk. >> in the u.s., we lose 400 physicians a year to suicide, the equivalent of an entire medical school gone. >> david brooks seemed to have the perfect life in eugene, married june, his high school sweetheart and opened his own practice. >> he had his health, and he was

good-looking and talented and he could play the piano, he was the guy that people would look at and say what a perfect person. >> but brooks wrestled off and on with depression. >> being a physician, neither one of us felt we could be very open about the fact that he was struggling with depression, because you didn't want the community to know that, you know, their doctor was dealing with this. it was kind of like well, gosh, you know, he'll lose his professional standing. >> at the age of 53, david brooks committed suicide. >> i think when he started feeling that he wasn't a perfect person, it all started coming apart. >> as pamela was lying in bed depressed, she had an idea, a vision of how she could save other doctors and her career. she decided to host a series of town meetings to let patients

design her practice. >> i said i was going to do whatever they wanted, right? that's going out on a limb. someone could say i want an mri on every corner or thousands of dollars of high tech equipment. nobody said anything like that. >> she listened and took 100 pages of testimony. >> what surprised you the most about the town hall? what kind of ideas did you hear? >> i was amazed at how simple people's needs really are. >> let me get out my medical record here. >> now there's no receptionist at her office and no billing department. not even a nurse. >> what do you want when you're sick? you want to be in a cozy small space with somebody like your hopple who loves you. >> you think it accounted be wood? >> you don't want to park in a three story parking garage and you don't want to sit in a cafeteria style waiting room and you don't want to talk through bulletproof glass or asked for your credit card and insurance card and all the things people are hassled to do when they are

not feeling well. >> you can put your foot up here. >> her overhead expenses having from 80% to 10% and that means she can afford to spent more time with patients. >> you got the spot. >> as much as an hour per visit, making her a better doctor and bringing the joy back into her job. >> she performs minor surgery at her office. >> smiley face. >> the smiley face, there you go. >> and gives patients balloons and other gifts for coming in. >> she sometimes barters with the patients for medical care, like cafe owner sherry. >> your pro is to unique you are exchanging meals or surgery. >> this meal and other meals. >> her ideas are gaining traction, especially with young doctors. >> i recently opened a continue nick called happy doc family medicine. i want to show you around. >> i feel of course very happy now about my life, but what it feels like is a tremendous

amount of weight knowing that most of my colleagues feel depressed and burned out and many of them are in the same place i was 10 years ago. >> we cannot be healers unless we leal ourselves first. >> she is saying she could spend an hour with a patient? how many practices can do that? >> yeah, well and she says that makes her happy and the patient happy. she says it can work. she thinks she's making more money than before and doing less work and she saves money by not having any staff. she does her billing using an on line system. she said her start up costs were $3,000 to buy the furniture and equipment. one of the most interesting things i thought though is when she does a. a smear or something a little mini procedure that might need to go a get testing, she gives that specimen to the patient and have that person drop it at the

lab. that cuts cost. she said that it's important to figure out what community needs something like this and network in that community so you can save money that way, as well. that's how she got a good deal on the rent in the building she's staying. >> certainly you'd have to ever an accommodation by the community around you. thanks so much. >> we want to update you on a story that we brought you earlier this year about the dark era for sterilization in virginia visual. state policy aimed at create ago super race eliminated any chance that physically or mentally disabled people could ever children. there's more to it tonight. >> advocates have been fighting for a provision to pay reparations for victims, now elderly and asked the state to set up to $500,000 aside, giving each surviving victim $25,000. lawmakers battled over the state budget for months and even came close to a government shut down there, but ultimately forced

sterilization victims were excluded from the state's multi-million dollars budgets. we spoke to a key advocate pushing for some semblance of justice. >> my hope is that all living sterilize victims receive compensation. this is about justice and honor. there's no way that the government can redress or make these individuals whole, and the only -- it's a token, really a symbol of an apology. ten years ago, the governor issued a formal apology, a statement, but it wasn't backed up by anything. >> it is so unclear how many victims would get compensation so far, though, more than 10 people have come forward. advocates will try again next year. >> after a break on america tonight, next up, the knockout round. we'll look at the week that brought the u.s. team to the round of 16 as the host team

gets ready to open an epic battle on the pitch. >> also ahead, a head start in vietnam? >> my parents realized that i was going to live here in vietnam, their first reaction was why? why would you want to go back somewhere where we worked so hard to leave? >> four decades after americans fled, why it's suddenly the hot spot for new opportunities and a new generation.

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>> now a snapshot of stories making headlines. mix up on the border, mexican law enforcement tracking suspected drug smugglers crossed into u.s. territory and fired shots. mexico quickly offered and apology. >> san francisco's golden gate bridge, a $76 million funding package for a steel suicide safety net is approved, decades after it was first proposed. since the bridge opened in 1937, more than 1400 people have jumped from it, a record 46 just last year. >> ukraine signs a landmark trade deal with the european union, reject the last november leading to two months of righting. the new president hopes the turn

to western europe, russia warned of serious consequences that could scuttle chances of peace with russian accep separatists. >> after emerging from the group of death, the u.s. joins other teams in the knockout stage. we have the latest from brazil. >> i'm here in the northeast where on sunday, mexico will be playing against the netherlands in the knockout stage, one of the most anticipated matches in the next few days coming up. if someone would ever told you before this world cup started that spain and italy would be knocked out, but that algeria and costa rica would still be

playing, she would say you are crazy. that's what happened in this remarkable world cup so far. there have been many story lines. one of the key ones would be how well the teams from the americas are doing and how poorly some of the key teams from europe have done. first in europe, england, portugal, italy and spain all out of this tournament, as we now know. in the americas, still lots of teams playing. let's start from the south, brazil, argentina, chile, columbia, you are guy, all teams from south america still playing. you are guy have been one of the side stories in a bad way with their key striker kicked out of the tournament after biting the shoulder of an italian player. all these south american teams still here, all could go very deep in this tournament. working our way up, mexico still very much in the tournament, as well, playing here, but costa rica, they have really been the surprise of this entire thing,

they weren't expected to do much of anything in this tournament. they have easily advanced to the knockout stage. of course we have the united states, united states lost, as we know, to germany, but still fought their way through, got into the knockout stage. they are now going to be facing belgium in a very tough match to see if they can even go deeper in this tournament. brazil is a country that's done very well. none of the major problems that we are talking about have materialized. security has been pretty good. the stadiums have worked out so far. no major problems with the airports, either. over overall, this has been one of the best world cups so far. it's not even over yet. >> reporting from brazil. >> the u.s. economy slowly recovers and recent college graduates having trouble finding jobs and starting careers. 25-32-year-olds are more likely to be unemployed and living with

their parents than any prefers generation in the last 50 years. tired of unpaid internships and dead end part time work, some underemployed millennials are heading a broad to ho chi minh city. >> when i told people i was moving to vietnam, reactions were mixed. some were very excited for me, other people didn't understand why i would want to come here. >> after all, a previous generation of young americans who came here found it to be a very different place. >> when my parents realized that i was going to live here in vietnam, their first reaction was why? why would you want to go back somewhere where we worked so hard to leave? >> ask any american at one of the many expat bars in ho chi minh city.

that earlier generation called it saigon and their answers are simple, more jobs, cheap living and a once in a lifetime adventure overseas. >> i think we're part of a new wave that's going to be coming over here. every day, we see new people coming. i think that the more american businesses come over here, the more vietnamese businesses that just pop up to support those. >> take the advertising business, which didn't exist here 10 years ago. now most of the major u.s. ad agencies have set up shop here. >> i feel very fortunate for my position here at gray, because the demand for vietnamese speaking americans with my background in art and music, the demand here, it's so great. >> a college dropout with no work experience other than d.j.ing and painting murals. he quantity qualify for an

internship at home. at gray vietnam, he's a new media director with a western salary and benefits. highly valid in an economy that's been booming for the past decade. >> i haven't really told my mom. i called her one day and said hey, i'm moving to vietnam next week. i worked at a school and coffee shop in the u.s. and i've waited tables and worked -- i've been a scooper at ben and jerry. when i decided to come to vietnam, i decided ok, i'm not going to take day jobs. i'm just going to do film and see where it takes me. i've been here five years and processed six films and many commercials. it's been good. >> so good that her comedy about two dysfunctional brothers beat iron man three at the box office. the locally produced features ever quadrupled.

almost every pro speaking here, there's a demand for skilled talent from the west. >> film making, in l.a., there is a lot of union rules that you have to go by. >> people come here because there are a lot of opportunities, and they're not going to get those in the u.s. right now. there's so much competition there, where as over here, you know, it's not as much. >> back in california, paul was were you ever thoses of chiropractors. he didn't speak vietnamese, but backs all speak the same language. >> the vietnamese don't like drugs or surgeries. they like natural health. they do ever insurance here, but it's easier to deal with here. you don't have to fight with the insurance companies. >> he partnered with a vietnamese businessman to start this clinic and plans to open another soon. >> you can make actually pretty

comparable that the u.s. if you push hard, but the cost of living here is very low. >> the 2008 financial meltdown definitely affected me. it affected a lot of people. that was definitely one of the factors in me kind of wanting to get out, travel, see the world, and ultimately led me to vietnam. >> richy is a former trader with morgan stanley. when the financial crisis hit, he decided to reinvent himself by trying something he'd never done before. acting. >> my specialty is the interaction between vietnamese and american, so a lot of plays an words or cultural difference, things like that. >> he got his start by accident, while studying vietnamese, selected as a contestant on the vietnam version of amazing face. >> i've never been asked to play

a bad american or evil american soldier or anything like that. i wouldn't want to play something like that that paints america in any bad light. i don't mind playing the bumbling american, which is kind of fun, you know. >> he lives in an american style high rise popular with western expats. it has many of the same amenities he was accustomed to back home at a fraction of the cost. >> vietnam's cheap. when i compare to new york, it works out to about one seventh the cost. >> this expat has no memory here of what is referred to as the american war. >> people ask me do vietnamese ever resentments towards americans. i certainly haven't felt it in the four years i have been here. >> the only resentment dan experienced is from his family in the u.s. his parents and relatives were

among 3 million vietnamese who fled after the fall of saigon. >> some vietnamese of the parents generation still hold uncomfortable feelings towards vietnam, so when their children is having the urge to come back here to learn the culture, to reconnect, there might be some, you know, an motte city. there might be some resentment. >> 40 years after the war, vietnam north and south are united, a single communist country, known for its closure veilance and strict laws. >> i feel that the government here is always watching but maybe not so in tenty as the u.s. government. if i cross some line, they'll be right there to let me know. >> i don't feel anyone cares much of what you do. people have their own things going on here. there's not -- you know, there's nobody looking after us, nobody

showing up and going what are you doing. we never have that feeling here. that's one of the nice things. i feel it's pretty much safe here. >> as much as they all seem to be enjoying their adventure, these young americans doubt this is a life long choice. >> i probably won't stay here forever, because essentially, i'm an american. i feel like i'm on an extended journey. >> it started as a three week tour of southeast asia and here i am four years later. it does feel like home. when i'm away, i do miss vietnam, and i would advice anyone to try to do more traveling, experience new cultures, see new things. >> new things in an old place, and constantly evolving. aljazeera. >> looking ahead on our program, bridging the gap. >> my world view now just comes with the assumption that things

will fall down. >> a survivor's story after a harrowing collapse. america tonight investigates crumbling america, and what's being done to save our failing infrastructure. that report next week on america tonight. still ahead in this hour, the sound of music, where you might least expect it. >> afghanistan's new sound. >> the young talent eager to make it. ♪

>> president obama warns central american parents, telling them not to send their kids across our border. also, money issues aren't going a were for hillary and bill clinton. how public service has been very, very good for their bank accounts. secrets of the creative brain, the link to mental illness and why high i.q. doesn't equal creativity. body issues at summer camp.

some kids aren't even allowed to say nice things about physical appearance, at the top of the hour. >> a sign the president's hope for brokering middle east peace are fading as a special envoy resigns after a year of unsuccessful attempts to win an israeli-palestinian peace deal. it marks the second time president obama has lost a mideast envoy after george mitchell stepped down three years ago. mr. mitchell has led diplomatics efforts in a number of hot spots. we spoke to him about the u.s. role and responsibility in eye crack's current conflict for our talk to aljazeera program. >> as i travel the world, not to the extent you have, i am shocked by the extent to which the people around the world feel that america has contributed to many of the problems of the world or is in a unique position to solve all of the problems around the world. do you find that, as well?

>> absolutely inevitable and has been true of every dominant power in human history. dominance creates a sense of dependency and dependency always creates to some degree a sense of resentment by those who are dependent upon and those who they depend on. that's just a reality. that comes with the territory. we have to be strong enough, secure enough, and mature enough to recognize that and notwithstanding that, and much of the criticism of the united states, which i get just as you do traveling the world comes from a widespread perception that our actions fall short of our values and principles. the reality is that most people admire what we think of as american principles, but which are really universal. they are the principles upon which our democracy is founded. most of them don't have that in

their societies. they like that about us and look at our actions and say those actions don't comport with that. no individual or country meets its aspirations at all times. >> did the war in iraq vital in some way our values, our principles? >> it was contrary to some, to some. >> look, that's the reality. here's my view. we have made mistakes, and clearly, the basis on which the war was initiated, that sadaam hussein possessed nuclear weapons was incorrect, but i have to say, i believe that if you look across the broad sweep of human history, the united states has done more good, has been closer to meeting its aspirations values than have other countries in the past. of course we've made mistakes.

human beings all are imperfect, but we've tried hard to do the right thing and corrected our mistake -- >> did. >> let me finish. >> sure. >> the willingness and capacity to confront error and to correct it, both domestically, internally where we've made a lot of huge mistakes and in foreign affairs. >> how does the united states correct iraq if you see it as a problem that united states needs to correct, and the rise, some would say, not some, most would agree with the statement the statement that the idea of the rise in the islamist movement in the middle east can be directly related, attributed to the war in iraq. >> well, i strongly disagree with that. >> i thought you might. >> go back and read history. the history of iraq didn't begin with the american invasion.

there has been conflict for 425 years prior to the versailles peace conference, there was no iraq. the notion that conflict began with the united states i think is plainly false, and cricketed. now, we do have a problem. we should help, but ultimately, it is the people of iraq who will decide the future of iraq. the people of syria who will decide the future of syria. egyptians will decide the future of egypt. we can help, we should encourage, we should assess especially those and there are many who want more open, tolerant rejeeps, government that give the people opportunity, jobs, health care, that's what people want. we can help, but we cannot view

this as it is the responsibility of the united states to fix what's happening in iraq. the really tough part of democracy, which we are still struggling with is the greatest and the longest continuous democracy in history, the really tough part is how do you reconcile the two pillars of democracy. >> yes. >> majority rules but to protect minority rights. we have a tough time with it and those countries have a tough time. you can see what's happening in egypt, in air i can't now in that context. the iraqis have to have an inclusionary government. it's a country with sunnis, shias and kurds. they've got to be involved and they've got to develop -- they've got to get away from the concept that if one group is power, the other group is out. >> you can see all of the interview saturday at 5:00 eastern here on aljazeera america. >> ahead in our final thoughts,

breaking the silence with a joyful sound. ♪ ♪ >> what brought music back to afghanistan and to students eager to learn. vé

al jazeera america, take a new look at news.

>> the sound of music has returned to afghanistan. a band learning to play instruments again can be a change and a meaningful one for an american couple in kabul. it's an opportunity to introduce a new generation to music. ♪ >> 6,600 miles from his home in hartford, kevin is trying to change the world. >> part of my own personal goal in life has been to bring people together through music across boundaries and caughtures and to

use music to effect political and social change. >> he's come here to the national afghan institute of music to teach once a month. >> better. all right. >> across the hall, his wife, holly is teaching cello, something she usually does in connecticut. this school was reopened in 2010 after decades of turbulence. during the afghan civil war of the 1990's, it was on the front line. then the taliban banned music altogether. remembering brighter days, this man taught music here in 1974 and was determined to bring it back after the taliban were driven from power in 2001. the school now that 175 students. >> these students will be changing the mentality of 135 families and these 175 families can impact a bigger community and a bigger society.

>> half of the students are orphans or affected families. competition to get in is fierce. there are big rewards last year, the school's orchestra went to the united states, seen here playing at washington's kennedy center. for many, it was their first time out of afghanistan, first time on a plane. in honor of world music day, 30 students gave a concert in kabul's largest auditorium with bishop performing alongside his students. >> most things are learned by ear here, so the piece took on may be different forms as we rehearsed and didn't end up originally like we thought it was when i was working with the woman poser. >> we've got an english composer. afghan and then our indian guest

artist here. ♪ >> the peace started as a duet, on stage ended as a trio. like most live performances in this music other starved capitol, it was a hit. the school's immediate financial future seems assured. it has a five year, $3 million grant from the world bank. ♪ and been named a strategic partner by the u.s. embassy. it's about to get 20 new pianos. he isn't worried about the long material, either. >> there's no future for taliban in this nation any longer. the society has changed and the youth and young generation will never allow anyone to turn history backward. >> in afghanistan, even success stories like this one face set yakking. this is going to be the concert

hall. it was supposed to have been completed by the end of last year. construction's been halted for months and no one has any idea when it might be finished. >> inside, it's a mess, as the workers stopped in their tracks. there are big dreams for the space, hosting international conductors and bringing afghanistan on to the world music stage. in a dispute between the builders has put those dreams on hold for now. a couple of miles away at the orphanage, conservative relatives and religious leaders pressured families to pull girls out of music school altogether. holly and kevin are here to give a rare lesson. 85 girls live here. the orphanage that instruments and the girls would like to learn. aid cutbacks mean they can't. >> we used to have in instructors coming to teach after school time, but not now.

we do not have the budget now and so don't have the teachers. ♪ >> the bishops will teach for the few weeks they're here. an afghan choreal in instructor traded time for staying at the guest house. for most girls, their musical education will end here and holly bishop said that's a shame. >> the students are ridiculously hard working. they just want lessons, lessons, lessons, they'll come for a lesson and come back in the same day and say can we have another lesson? >> back at the school, holly's teaching one of her most challenging students. not because of his shortcomings, but his instruments. >> the power goes out frequently. the instrument requires electricity to even make a noise at all. ♪

>> on obstacle she'd never faced before. her husband said afghanistan isn't at all what he expected. >> it is not at all what people in the u.s. think it is. it's not all war and violence. it's people going about daily life, a lot of kids get the opportunity to go to school just like our children and they, being here at the school is just like being in any western music academy. ♪ >> the students here say music is an equalizer, that whatever happened to afghanistan with time and practice, music offers a chance to control their own future. aljazeera, kabul. >> that's it for us here on america tonight. join us next week when a survivor tell her story of a harrowing bridge collapse as we investigate crumbling america and what's being done to save our failing infrastructure. we report next week on "america tonight." good night.

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