the new al jazeera america mobile app, available for your apple and android mobile device. download it now >> police in the u.s. town of ferguson once again use tear gas to break up protests over the shooting of a black teenager. hello. also coming up on the programme - battle for iraq - the u.s. military helps kurdish forces retake areas captured by islamic state fighters. almost two months after the murder of three settler teenage e the israeli -- teenagersers the israeli military demollishes the homes of the suspected killers. and brazil pays its respect

to a presidential candidate killed in a plane crash. hello. police are trying to clear protesters from the streets of ferguson, a town that has become a flashpoint of racial tension in america. a curfew has cop into effect -- come into effect following violence scenes and a crackdown in the last few hours. protests were sparked after a white police officer shot and killed a black teenager. michael brown was shot six times. rob reynolds is in ferguson. >> there's a whiff of tear gas. police helicopters are overhead. behind me is the lights of a detachment of police. a short while ago protesters marched on the street towards a

group of police in this direction behind me. what happened then is not clear. the st louis city police put out the word that a molotov cocktail was thrown to the police lines. that's not been confirmed aan eyewitness. the police cold the crowd to disperse and move down the avenue, the main street, using smoke bombs, tear gas grenades, and rioting in armoured vehicles. a large number of very heavily armoured and armed police officers. this is the latest instalment of the troubles in this small city that begone on august 9th when 18-year-old michael brown was shot by a police officer. police say - or rather witnesses say that he was surrendering and had hands up, in a surrender posture. that sparked enormous anger in

this community. everyone that you talk to said they were completely fed up with their police force, and with the police attitude in general towards the community. we were taking earlier to some of the young black men in the crowd that gathered here tonight, and they said they experienced harassment by police, and had been singled out for attention by police officers. so this has been a long time building. the brown shooting was the event that sparked it off. there are two investigations under way, one by local authorities, and one by the federal government, so see if the killing of michael brown violated any central civil rights laws. >> caleb reynolds there in ferguson. let's take a look then at how the unrest in ferguson started. on august the 9th 18-year-old michael brown was shot and kilt

by a white police officer. the next night a candlelight vigil turned violence, businesses looted. on august the 12th, a federal investigation no brown's death was opened. unrest grew. august 14th, missouri's governor put highway state patrol in charge of security. no violence was reported. next day police released a video appearing to show a convenience store robbery. brown is named as a suspect. that night more than 200 protesters clashed with police, and the next day the governor of missouri announced a state of emergency in ferguson, and imposed a midnight to 5 am curfew, which is in effect. a political analyst and author joins us, writing on race and politics, and says police and crowd control tactics are excessive. >> when you look at the visual scenes that we are seeing right now, you see police officers

that don't look like police officers. you see police officers that look like combat veterans, in iraq or afghanistan. a see a heavy, heavy look to the police department. it's even more inflamed and enraged people there. we know that many young africans tell the same story again, talking about the racial profiling, harassment, targetting. what you see on top of that is a militarization of the police department. ferguson is not los angeles, new york, chicago - it's a small city. if, in fact, you have that preps, so heavy-handed is -- presence, so heavy-handed, it adds fuel to the fire. this is overkill if there was overkill. going back 20 years or so, the defence department made the

weaponry available to the local police department. they gave it away for nothing. you saw assault rifles, mine sweepers, anti-personnel weapons, and all the heavy body gear that you see with police officers now. it's an alliance between the department of defense, the military establishment, and local police departments. what happens is when they made the military equipment available, supposedly during the era when the u.s. was fighting the war on terrorism and when the u.s. ramped up the war on drugs, so now what you sa is you saw tactical units, swat teams. you saw military-type continge ents using the weaponry. it's totally transformed the look of the police departments, not only in the big cities, but a smaller city like ferguson. >> kurdish fighters in the north

regained control of several towns in mosul from the islamic state group. the peshmerga backed by the u.s. air strikes are fighting to retake the mosul dam, the largest. this video of air strikes has been released. the islamic state sees the mosul -- seized the mosul dam, giving it the ability to control water and electricity. zeina khodr is on the front line with the peshmerga forces and has this exclusive report. >> reporter: the peshmerga are on the offensive. they are in battle with the islamic state group. the kurdish forces are not fighting alone. the u.s. air force is covering their advance from the skies much the islamic state group is not making the task easy. we can see explosions from within the towns they control. they have also been leaving behind bombs on the side of the road, as they retreat.

one of the objectives of the military operation is to recapture the mosul dam in iraq, from the islamic state, which controls a third of the country. it's a strategic area surrounding water and visity. there's many front lines in the war. >> the peshmerga advanced on more than one front. we are just 30km from the city center of mosul, the stronghold of the islamic state. in this region the peshmerga recaptured three towns. one of them is here. this is evidence of the fight. peshmerga fighters managed to shoot one of the vehicles belonging to the islamic state group. we weren't able to enter because the peshmerga are conducting clearing operations. it is one of three christian towns they regain control of since the operations began.

commanders are confident, but it may be too early to declare victory. but they are hoping the people of the towns will be able to return home. the islamic state group's advance in the north displaced tens of thousands of people. >> translation: our president barzani told us to save the christians and other minorities. we are here to protect them. we pushed the islamic state back. >> reporter: taking territory is not the same as holding it. kurdish forces are ilequipped and lacked training. last week they gaped many regions as they advanced. it was then that u.s. fighter jets and armed drones intervened. the military objective was to protect minorities and kurdish territories, it seems the military operation expanded. the objective now is to allow

their partners on the ground to go on the offensive. israeli soldiers raided the houses of three palestinians in the occupied west bank suspected of involvement in the kidnap and murder of three israeli teenagers. the three boys were found dead near the city of hebron. israeli troops demolished the homes. a house belonging to one was filled with concrete. the deadline for peace talks between israel and the palestinians taking place in cairo expires on midnight on tuesday. as jane ferguson reports from gaza, many hope negotiators will agree on a deal. israeli and palestinian negotiators have until midnight on tuesday to turn a temporary ceasefire in gaza into a

permanent one. egyptians are trying to get both to agree on a deal. the palestinianiants want an eight-year strip to be lived. >> what is proposed is not enough yet. what we need is an elimination. this can only be achieved if there's an independent port and passage, internationally protected, and internationally guaranteed that israel cannot interfere with. >> a lifting of the siege would include opening the crossings between gaza and israel. gaza shares a border with egypt. the current peace proposal does not mention it. and it remains closed. >> the issue is a sovereign jacob shapro issue that will not -- egyptian issue that will not be discussed by the palestinians, and it will be left for the egyptians to decide

when to open rafah, and under what circumstances. >> reporter: the israelis fear a little of the siege could make it easier for hamas's armed wing to restock the supplies. they called for the disarmament of gaza. prime minister binyamin netanyahu on sunday warned if attacks on israel resume, a return to war is inevitable. >> if hamas thinks it can cover the military failure with diplomatic achievement. hamas is wrong. if hamas things with a continued trickle of attacks, they can force us into making compromises, they are wrong. as long as quiet is not returned. hamas will sustain harsh strikes. >> that possibility is clear along gaza's borders. israeli forces are stationed in large numbers. >> both sides in the negotiations are under pressure. binyamin netanyahu must contend

with a hawkish cabinet, calling for no concessions. the palestinians, in particular hamas, needs something to show people after a month of war in which 2,000 people were killed, mostly civilians. a 6.3 magnitude earthquake struck iran south-west of the capital tehran. seven people have been taken to hospital so far. lots more ahead on al jazeera when we come back. a breakthrough for ukraine's army in the east, as it tightens its grip on a city held by separatists for months. a technological solution for myanmar. how telecommunications is the focus of the country's next chapter.

hello again, a reminder of the top stories on al jazeera. there has been violent scenes in the u.s. town of ferguson, after riot police fired tear gas at

protesters, the incident was triggered by the throwing of a molotov cocktail. a curfew has come into effect. kurdish peshmerga forces in northern iraq regained control of several towns east of mosul from the islamic state group. they are backed by u.s. air strikes, targetting fighters near the largest dam. two houses have been demolished by the israeli military in hebron. the homes belonged to two men suspected of being involved in the kidnapping murder of three israeli teenagers in june. the home of a third suspect was filled with conflict. >> fighting between armed groups continues in libya, despite calls for a ceasefire, from people inside and outside the country. the united nations condemned the escalation in violence. >> five weeks of fighting between rival factions, but

there's no sign of let up, despite calls for peace, the misrata brigades are trying to push fighters from zinc tan away from the -- zinc tan away from the airports, which they controlled for three years. the misrata forces took over a military camp on a former equestrian club. the recent violence claimed the lives of hundreds of fighters. many fled for their lives. there has been calls for a ceasefire group, and from the international community. the support mission released a statement saying it was denouncing the shelling of the neighbourhoods. it forced them out of their homes and damaged property. the mission warns:

libya has been unstable since rebels pushed out and killed muammar gaddafi in 2011. this violence is some of the worst seen since then. the rebel groups relied on different political leaders and are paid by the state to fill a vacuum, created when national forces were disbanded. some were the in military, many had no training. they had plenty of arms, and a willingness to use them to their own end. ukraine's army says it pushed back rebels in luhansk, and raised the flag over a police station there. for months the eastern city has been in control of pro-russian fighters. we have the latest from luhansk. >> a few months ago many of these men had never picked up a weapon. they were paramedics, students, builders, lawyers.

they are firing live couned, getting ready to fight. the ukranian army is using volunteer fighters like these to try to win back territory. the men have a few weeks training before moving off to the front line. then it's risky and real. >> reporter: this is where they could end up. in the luhansk region, where the separatists are in control. the battle for this land is fierce and intensive. this was one the regional airport welcoming flights every day. on sunday separatists brought down a fighter jet close to luhansk, but the ukranian forces say they have the upper hand. >> translation: yesterday after a fierce battle in the residential area in luhansk, the anti-terror operation forces distort control on the building of a police station that raised

what is happening in the area. >> reporter: back at the volunteer battalion, the ukranian forces can't win the battle wowed them. >> i think the work the volunteer battlians do is it's the feature of the ukranian army, and the future of the police force. as we have seen, a conscription army is les efficient than volunteer battalions, guided by idealism. >> a fight these men are willing to risk everything pore. to keep control of their borders, and, they say, their future. a pakistani opposition politician imran khan called on his followers to stop paying taxes and practice civil

disobedience. imran khan and tahir ul-qadri led tens of thousands of protesters, demanding the resignation of nawaz sharif, who they say rigged the elections. we have this report from islamabad. >> reporter: it appears that the government of nawaz sharif overreacted by places thousands of containers and sealing off after the protest by imran khan and tahir ul-qadri. both of them have come into up to. tahir ul-qadri is holding his protest at a venue which is not far from imran khan's protest venue. it is important to know that while tahir ul-qadri is there with his devotees and supporters, he has a different aim. he wants the whole system to be backed up. he wants parliament to be dissolved, and he is here because he says he want justice for the killing of his party supporters in lahore in june,

when the police resorted to heavy-handed tactics. imran khan on the other and wants to condition with the system, he wants sa re-election, but he wants the re-election because the last election was rigged. he says that his party knocked every door going to the judiciary, and asking for justice. that was not provided to hum. he has had to protest that. he wants nawaz sharif to resign. strategically the two parties have not succeeded in bringing thousands of supporters to islamabad. technically they have succeeded in bringing islamabad to a grinding halt and showing an ability of the nawaz sharif government. myanmar has the worst telecommunications infrastructure in the world. 5-10% of the population own a mobile phone. the government is trying to

change that. >> reporter: these people are part of a telecommunications revolution. the only way to get a sim card is through a public lottery system, paying $100 for it. now buying it for $1.50 has people swarming into the mobile phone shops. we have been selling $100 to $200 handsets. for a long time the telecommunications industry was monopolised by a state-owned enterprise. the government now allowed two companies to operate. this man is a taxi driver, and has just bought a mobile phone. >> translation: the reason i bout the phone is so i can get taxi orders from customers and friends. >> reporter: he hasn't quite learnt how to use it and has trouble telling an incoming call from an outgoing one. he says he wants to one day surf

the internet using his phone. the boom in mobile phones here means more people will be able to access the internet. some industry estimates that this is a country where 1% of the country goes online. surveys suggest half of those that use the internet do so through a mobile device. much more week needs to be done. there are only between 2,000 and 3,000 transmission towers. the country needs 10 times that number. hampered by the infrastructure, the foreign owned companies are launching services in three major cities, but aim to reach most of the population within five years. many are optimistic. >> there is an exponential amount of businesses possible with the connectivity going from e-health to emoney. >> the internet seems a long way

away for this man. he has to master the basics of using the phone. pope francis has called on north and south koreans to make peace, on the last day of his visit to asia, the head of the catholic church appealed to china, hoping to re-establish diplomatic relations with the country. china cut ties with the vatican in 1951 after the communist party took party. the pope will visit the philippines and sri lanka in january. brazil said goodbye to one of the country's prominent leaders. eduardo campos was killed, a presidential hopeful, with six others. thousands turned out for his funeral. >> reporter: saying good buy to a man that do have been president of brazil. many people here in the home state are still in shock. in this large working class north-east state, they credit

eduardo campos with looking out for the poor, building schools, homes and hospital clinics, saying he never forgot the people even after launching his national campaign for president. many brazilians are resigned to the corrupt nature of politics, eduardo campos promised something new and touched many lives. >> translation: what he did and what he was going to do for us, nobody has been able to do for us. he fought for us. >> reporter: he was widely loved and a governor here for more than seven years, and elected with 82% of the vote. there's a lot of positive things said about eduardo campos, but there's a lot of uncertainty. no more so than where the presidential campaign goes from here. before eduardo campos's death, the incumbent president led the

polls with 38% of the vote. it's widely believed his running mate would take his place in the ballot eduardo campos supporters, especially the youth, say they have no choice but to carry on. eduardo campos's is gone. we'll continue on, for those of us in politics and that want to do politics in a similar way, he's in our hearts and mines. >> they mourned the map that wanted to be president, but never had a chance to vote for. that's it from us here in doha. for our viewers in the united states, thanks for your company. for those everywhere else in the world, we'll take you inside a hospital in northern iraq, suffering from severe shortages as fighting against the islamic state group intensifies.

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