al velshi investigates the business of space on al jazeera america another night of protests across the u.s. over the decision not to charge a policeman for killing an unarmed black teenager. ♪ hello and welcome to al jazeera. i'm sami zeidan live from our headquarters in doha. coming up in the show -- ♪ >> celebrations in the democratic republic of congo as a doctor a honored for his work helping thousands of rape victims. >> for me it is a political will

to say we recognize the suffering of women. and the new front line in britain's fight against terrorism. where universities have become the focus of sweeping anti-terrorism laws. ♪ there has been a second night of protests across the u.s. over the decision not to charge a white policeman in the fatal shooting of an unarmed black teenager. let's take you to the scene in oakland, california. demonstrators setting up a blockade across one street and then setting it on fire. they also looted stores and faced with off police. over to boston, 1500 demonstrators blocked city streets in a mostly peaceful show of force. and in new york hundreds gathered in union square

chanting black lives matter. ferguson, missouri is at the heart of the protest. more than 40 people were arrested overnight. from ferguson, daniel lack reports. >> reporter: for a while it seemed as many monday's mayhem would be repeated. a police car burned outside of city hall. there were reports of gunshots and police used tear gas and pepper spray on protesters. missouri governor calls up thousands of more members of the national guard. and they helped police grard the police department. eventually there were several arrests but no injuries. as the nighting went on, people slipped away, driven home, perhaps by the cold air, the extra police presence. rater at a news conference, senior officers gave details of

what they said was a far-less challenging night for them. >> we have an array of things on the tailgate. rocks, bottles, broken tent poles that were hurled at the officers. so those are all things that we're trying to protect the guards men and police officers from as they try to do their job. >> reporter: darren wilson, the policeman who won't face criminal charges gave his first tv interview. he expressed no remorse and said he feared for his life. >> i used my door to try to push him back. and again he just pushed the door shut and just stairs at me. and as i look back at him, all of a sudden punches start flying. >> he through the first punch? >> yes, and i reached out to grab on to his forearm to try to get out of the car, and when i

felt it i felt the immense power he had. it was like a five year old holding on to hulk hogan. that's how big this man was. >> reporter: peaceful protesters stopped traffic to make their anger known about the failure to indict officer wilson. that anger hasn't gone away. more protests are expected this week, both here and around the country. we can hear now from michael brown's family, and they have described what the past 48 hours has been like for them. >> very hard. heart breaking and unbelievable. >> for the -- the ones that are protesting in a positive way, you know, some people have their own agenda. i won't say that i'm mad at the peoples that is doing what they are doing, but their agenda is not what i asked for, so it

doesn't have nothing to do with us. but, yeah, everyone that has positive protests, we -- we appreciate that. we love them for that. >> i don't feel that he stirred the crowd. the crowd was already stirred. it has been stirring since august 9th. i wouldn't hold him accountable for that. that comes from a higher power, elected official, and it's called the governor. >> you lose your child in this manner and somebody put video camera on you in their raw emotion. who knows what you would do if this was your child laying on the ground for four hours and you find out the killer isn't going to be brought to trial. >> who would rush or charge at a police officer that has his gun, you know? that sounds crazy.

>> we have to fix this system. that's why you see everything going on in ferguson and around the country. >> we're just going to keep fighting, and pray for a better outcome. a doctor from the democratic republic of congo has been honored for his work helping thousands of rape victims. denis mukwege received one of europe's most prestigious human rights awards, the sakharov prize for freedom of thought. >> reporter: the sakharov prize is one more recognition for his heroic work. he has treated 30,000 so far, but there is no end to the scourge of sexual assault in his country. >> translator: president, this prize will have no meaning for the women who have been victims

of sexual violence, unless you walk alongside us in the road of peace, justice and democracy. >> reporter: for some future aid must come with conditions or even punishment. >> the e.u. should also look into the possibility of establishing smart sanctions, which means -- like pressuring the government to be outspoken, to denounce these crimes. >> reporter: earlier dr. mukwege sat down with us to talk about his work. he started his own hospital in 1999. he had no idea he would still be treating new victims 15 years later. >> the first year i treat 45 cases, and there i start to ask myself, what is going on. i was in the region for 15 years, and i have never seen the case like that, so i start to question myself what is going

on? and since this time, the numbers of victims were just increasing each year. >> reporter: his approach combines surgery to repair the damage, with psychological and social care so women can rebuild shattered lives. >> when women are raped in front of their family, in front of their children, in front of their neighbors, it's a way to humiliate, to dehumanize women, and in this way, it's -- the consequence can be physically, but also mentally. >> reporter: the personal cost of his work has been high. he openly criticized the government for not doing enough to bring to justice the perpetrat perpetrators. later that year, gunmen ambushed him at his home. his bodyguard was killed. while prizes help, he wants the

international community to punish the rapists. the sudanese government has asked the african union to close its human's right office. the u.n. has been investigating allegations of mass rapes by soldiers. they have also accused u.n. peace keepers of abuse and said it asked them to leave before the report >> russian foreign minister says his government will continue to support syria, as it combats what he calls terrorism. the syrian foreign minister met with the russian president, vladimir putin. from moscow, peter sharpe sent this update.

russia really does hold sway in syria that had dealings with the government there for the last 40 years, and they have really become the unofficial patron of syria since the war started three years ago. and this was a meeting between the foreign minister, and the syrian foreign minister to really possibly kick start the possibility of talks between the opposition and the syrian government in damascus. we know the russians have opened negotiating channels with the rebels over the past few weeks, and lavrov was at pains to offer moscow as a venue as a chance for both sides to sit down to try to reach some sort of agreement, and no matter how far away that might be. but he made it very, very clear this was not going to be a geneva one or two conference. this was going to be early spade

work in trying to get both sides together. and the russians made it clear they would continue to support syria in trying to get rid of what he called this terrorist organization. israeli has revoked the opportunity for a widow of a man who was killed during a synagogue attack last week. >> reporter: like all pal stins living in occupied east jerusalem, she didn't have citizenship but she did have rights. now she has to leave east jerusalem. it's likely she will go to the occupied west bank. not only that she has lost her home. she is appealing against the

demolition order on her home, and that is in process at the moment. a number of family members, a large committee involving lawyers is campaigning against the measures that are being imposed. there are more and more measures like these going into draft bills in parliament now, an intent on the part of the israeli prime minister, netenyahu, to crack down on any aspect of attacks against israelis and to punish those related to attackers. highly controversial, because all human rights groups in the country and indeed internationally oppose these measures, saying that it amounts to collective punishment. >> still ahead on al jazeera, on a diplomatic drive, we'll tell you why germany's chancellor is pushing to keep sanctions against russia in place. and fleeing violence only to face a harsh winter across the

border. ♪

>> a conflict that started 100 year ago, some say, never ended... revealing... untold stories of the valor... >> they opened fire on the english officers... >> sacrifice... >> i order you to die... >> and ultimate betrayal... drawing lines in the sand that would shape the middle east and frame the conflict today >> world war one: through arab eyes only on al jazeera america

♪ welcome back. let's recap the headlines here on al jazeera. more than 40 people have been arrested following a second night of protests in ferguson, in the u.s. state of move. it follows the decision not to charge a police officer in the fatal shooting of an unarmed black teenager, michael brown. a congo's doctor has received the sakharov freedom

for thought award from the european parliament. russian's foreign minister says his country will continue to support syria to combat what he calls terrorism. germany is accusing russia of violating international law over its intervention in ukraine. the chancellor also says economic sanctions must remain. >> reporter: germany has taken the lead in imposing economic sanctions against russia, and repeated on wednesday that they were unavoidable, but it's chancellor has always worked the hardest to find a diplomatic solution, reportedly phoning vladimir putin more than three dozen times since the crisis began last february. >> translator: nothing justifies or excuses the annexation of crimea by russia. russia is calling into question

europe's peaceful order, and it is trampling on international law. >> reporter: but she faces challenges in trying to restore peaceful order in europe. she needs to keep german opinion behind her, when it could affect nearly 3,000 jobs in this country. while the sanctions are beginning to have effect in russia, they are showing no signs of changing the mind of the man in the kremlin. nato and the united states says it will keep it's troops in the area for another year. they visited the capitol on wednesday in a show of support, and ukraine's president says he want a referendum to join the alliance. >> we have done training here in ukraine together, and what is

important about this work is that it will bring the ukrainian army closer to those nato tactics, techniques and procedures that make them even more interoperable with our forces in the future. >> reporter: merkel told parliament what was needed was patience and staying power. the problem is that seems to be moscow's approach as well. a fact-fining committee in egypt is blaming the muslim brotherhood and its supporters for a wave of violence following mohammed morsi's removal from power. they were set up to investigate incidents in which hundreds of people died. one of those was the break up of a protest. it says pro-morsi supporters fired the first shot, and the first person to die was a police

officerman -- policeman. they also said the death toll could have been much lower if the assault was more targeted. >> there has been a previous report by the national council for human rights in egypt about the incidents, which pretty much came up with the same conclusion as this finding -- this fact-finding commission has come up with. in both cases, i would have to say, and from the preliminary readings of the findings of today's report, i would -- i would need to emphasize that again, this commission has looked and -- and has basically overstated the so-called violence by protesters who are

joining the attempts. the report conclusions today illustrate a picture as if there was a one violent element in these incidents, which is the protesters themselves. this report really in its recommendations lack tremendously, unfortunately, a call for accountability. it's called on training and raising awareness, police officers who were involved in shooting, but it never asks for, you know, bringing those who -- who are responsible even for -- what do they say -- or what do they refer to as minimal casualties as result of police fire, they haven't called for any level of accountability, which to me is very unfortunate. egypt president is meeting

his french counter part. parts of the city his arrival has been met with protest. demonstrators gathered to object to sisi's rule in egypt. he lead a military takeover that pushed the first democratically elected president from power. al jazeera continues to demand the immediate release of its three journalists who have been held in prison in egypt for 333 days. peter greste, mohammed fahmy, and baher mohamed were jailed on charges of helping the out lawed muslim brotherhood. charges they deny. they are appealing their convictions. after nearly a two-month sit-in, protesters in hong kong have been cleared by police from their main demonstration site. hundreds of offerers dismantled barricades, and moved protesters. >> reporter: for many, a rude

abakening by bailiffs declaring this was the day they had to move out or face arrest. even ruder a confrontation with student leaders. >> while the policemen try to hurt people again and again, it just [ inaudible ]. >> reporter: a few minutes later joshua wong was under arrest again. police pushing demonstrators back. >> the force of the police is too strong for us, and we have no weapons. >> reporter: the police tactic at the moment seems to be to advance a few meters, secure the road, and remove whatever obstacles and tents that are there. in doing so they are moving the demonstrators back into a smaller and smaller area. the protest camp here has been the site of some of the worst confrontation between protesters and local people especially.

and when applauded the police action. are you happy? >> very happy. >> reporter: even among the supporters there has been grower dissatisfaction after two months of occupies roads with no apparent success. >> reporter: is this the end of the movement? >> absolutely not. >> it is only beginning. >> reporter: the occupation of oversights on hong kong island continues, but as demands for full democracy go unheeded, the yellow unrel la symbol looks increasingly battered. the british government has introduced some of the most far-reaching anti-terrorism laws the country has ever seen. from london, lawrence lee has the details. >> reporter: here it seems is one of the new front lines in the british government's campaign against people the newspapers call home grown

terrorists. university campuses, says the government, should have not only to stop extremists from being allowed a platform, they will in future have to prove it too. >> when the security and intelligence agencies tell us that the threat we face is now more dangerous than any time before, we should take notice. after careful analysis, and thorough preparation, where we can tighten our laws and toughen the capabilities we should. >> reporter: many universities say they are already doing what they can. >> what we don't have is for genuine difficult intense debate to go underground. because we're having it in the open it is kept more safe because it can be regulated and looked into. >> what gives you life is jihad. >> reporter: but the government

thinks the time is right for all of this because a number of british men have gone off to fight with isil in iraq. the new rules won't allow them back home. and in an attempt to stop another incident like the one when a british soldier was hacked to death, the government says they want greater database access. in the end this places responsibility directly on to the community, schools, hospitals, local authorities, to answer directly to the government in its fight against terrorism, many people would see that as a good thing, a form of national service, but to others it's a direct assault on the civil liberties of british muslims. >> this government and the previous government are attempting to use the law, the

criminal law and other laws as a blunt instrument to manage the muslim community. to manage their views, their ideas, their education, their travel. in fact every aspect. if possible, it's a crude way of possibly redefining the religion. >> reporter: with a very few exceptions people already well-known to the security services, every muslim organization in the u.k. has condemned isil. yet the underlying suggestion is that the government remains unconvinced that britain's muslims can police themselves. gunmen in pakistan have killed four members of a polio vaccination team. the attack happened when health workers were sitting in a park van about to set off for the final day of the current campaign. health workers trying to eradicate polio have increasingly been targeted by

the taliban who accuse them of being spies. well the pakistani military's offensive against the taliban has turned thousands of local residents into refugees. many have taken shelter in neighborhoods afghanistan. but finding refuge there is presenting a host of new problems. >> reporter: this man and his cousins stack mud bricks against their tent. they have little else to protect their family against the cold, close to the afghanistan pakistan border. >> translator: we are trying to protect ourselves. aid arrived today, but we were told it is not our turn yet. rfrp this is one of tens of thousands of pakistani refugees who have fled the fighting. they had little choice but to

cross the border into neighboring afghanistan. there is a risk of attacks by the afghan taliban here, and as winter comes, basic protection against the elements is also a serious concern. >> translator: some people don't even have tents. we get 200 kilos of wood, but it's not enough for even ten days. this winter lasts at least three months. >> reporter: this is one of the schools in the camp, a corrugated iran roof and a carpet, these young boys are being warned about another hidden nature in the countryside, land mines. when the snows come -- finding and removing the devices will be even more difficult. >> reporter: there are many mines in the area, we are trying to teach the refugees about the risks. >> reporter: these are the fighters the military are targeting. the military launched an

offensive in june. hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. the recent suicide attack in a neighboring province, which killed more than 60 people, highlights security concerns among aid agencies. >> there have been a number of other bomb explosions going on in the area. it seems very clear that we have been able to continue the operations that there is a very strong link with the communities with everybody in the area, and we are trying to reach as many as possible. >> reporter: the snows are expected here in the next few weeks. these people represent just a fraction of those who need help in afghanistan. the u.n. says that almost 7.5 million people in this country are in need. now more than 200,000 people have fled across the border since the pakistani military campaign began. it's the latest refugee crisis

in a country that has experienced nearly four decades of almost continuous conflict. now, if you want to keep up to date with all of the news that we're following here on al jazeera, you know where to go, aljazeera.com. >> as us forces prepare to pull out of afghanistan after twelve long years, al jazeera's fault lines travelled there. >> the taliban fighters, they're running towards the base now.