>> another spring of attacks in northern nigeria. we have a special report on the orphans of boko haram and the government. we're live from do la. also coming up, facing a hungry winter. the u.n. said it has been forced to suspend food aid to 2 million syrian refugees. and investigation into 50,000 ghost soldiers,ing investigation into soldiers who don't exist.

and climate change is threatening the future of the ice. >> two bombs have exploded in a market in the northern nigerian city that comes after gunmen attack the city earlier. we are he seeing more and more of these kinds of attacks. bring us up-to-date with these incidents. >> reporter: yes, two separate attacks in these two northeastern states that have been hit hard in the past 18 moss and are under emergency l law. the first attack we saw boko haram fighters that tried to raid the city. they targeted a state university. the police military outpost and communication tower in the area.

they have been engaging them. i spoke with an army spokesman who confirmed this. they told me that now they will make sure that the population is safe while they apprehend the fighters in the area. in the past hour and a half we saw an explosion in a crowded market. it could have been a lot worse had those securing the market had not been involved. they said that a woman looked suspicion. that's when she detonated herself and killing five people. >> this is taking an incredibly harsh toll on the civilian population. >> indeed. boko haram's violence has been going on for five years now. but if you look at this year the

northeast has truly been battered. even in the past 14 days, an attack almost every single day. boko haram pushing not only to carry out these brazen bombings, but trying to push populations out, and trying to control villages and towns. the government and military are telling us that boko haram have been maintaining losses. thousands of people have been displaced. 1.5million people have been displaced by this violence and most vulnerable are those children who have lost their families, their parents in killing sprees, or have been separated from their parents during that violence. we're just back from one of the affected areas, and here is our report. >> evan watched as boko haram

killed his brothers and sisters. he struck out alone in the desert veering to cameroon before showing up in this camp two days ago. >> i saw everything. i was crying. crying on the mountains. there were times i did not have food or water up to two days. >> the thousands of people displaced by boko haram's vie republicans are hundreds of unaccompanied children. their parents are killed or separated by the melee before they fled. >> for years boko haram has abducted school children. now as the group shifts, it includes seizing territory, many children are no longer spared, even in their homes. >> here in the camp for the displaced there are 65 un

unoccupied children. they are assigned to foster mothers and provided food and some education but local relief agencies are pleading for more help. >> children brought in, we need food, books, and items like bowls. >> the camps only hold 2% of the actual number of displaced people and the majority seek assistance elsewhere. 60 u60 unaccompanied children are being held in in this cathedral. >> they don't know where i am. i don't know where they are. that's all i think of. >> most of the children have been dropped off here by total strangers. some are suffering from serious

trauma. >> the area of challenge, we don't have professionals to help those who have been traumatized. >> that's are the orphans of boko haram and the nigerian government who have been left with no one and nothing. >> this violence, this displacement is a major concern. also politically. look at the larger context. in a couple of months the country will be having general elections in 2015. a highly contested, and one by all accounts is expected to be the most hotly contested in this country since the end of military rule in 1999. it's ongoing displacement. ongoing violence, a lot of questions of how that will affect this very important vote.

>> thank you for that. al jazeera in abuja. the world food program said that it suspended a food voucher helping many refugees because money has run out. every month it helps to feed 4 million people inside syria, and it's thought to be helping millions of refugees in neighboring countries. it gives flower, sugar, and vital food vouchers to pregnant and nursing mothers. they say money is needed immediately, and rich countries have to do more. >> unfortunately, the world food

program has to spend its program in the neighboring countries of syria, and as a result more than 1.7 million syrians living in neighboring countries, mainly jordan and lebanon will not be receiving aid. we see the children, women in camps and other places already suffering from harsh living conditions. on top of this it is definitely a catastrophe. we're trying our best, but this is an unfortunate situation where we have to find ourselves in, and unfortunately the refugees have to face. the story is simple. if the world food program is unable to deliver food to those people. if we cannot give them the vouchers, they cannot feed. there is no other solution for them. it's either food through the world food program, we need

$64 million to feed the people. the money we're appealing from all the donors. we're also asking for saudi arabia, the gulf state, the united states, europe, and japan, we're asking the world. this is international crisis. this is not about syria. this is becoming an international community. and we're asking the community all of them without exception to support the refugees. this is a political problem. as long as there is no political solution, the only solution is the humanitarian solution. we cannot leave the syrian people without support. >> it is getting colder, and some syrians are facing their fourth winter away from home. we report how aid agencies are forced to make difficult choices about who gets help. >> the camps are getting bigger. the number of syrians displaced

by the civil war is only increasing. 150,000 people now live in rebel-controlled areas along the turkish border. in one area 30,000 people struggle to survive, and for many here this will be their four winter away from home. they appeal for help, it's getting colder, and the rain causes flooding. they don't even have a decent place to stay. >> we need a proper tent. you can see for ourselves how we're living. no one sees our suffering. >> there are a few charity organizations that help these people, but it's not enough. the united nations has long been concerned about its ability to make people's urgent need for the winter. the organization said it does not have enough money to help knows who have been displaced. >> it's also bad in the kitchen.

children need to walk two kilometers carrying pales, eve pails, either in the heat or in the cold. >> humanitarian agencies have built some concrete houses but it's only helpful temporarily. people want to go back to their villages. >> it's much better now. it's cleaner, but we were hoping that the world would help end the war, not just build us rooms. >> the size of the crisis is huge and only growing worse because of the ongoing fighting. with the rising numbers of displaced people, the authorities may have to make decisions of who gets help, which means that millions won't get help at all. >> the russian president has arrived in turkey for talks on

trade and energy us. >> this is the fifth meeting between russia and turkey to improve trade relations. there have been no arab spring and that is a significant political difference between the two countries. russia, the principle backer of the syrian regime bashar al-assad and turkey president erdogan wants assad gun. they'll talk about syria, but they're so far apart on the issue, there is little they can agree upon "b" it, so they'll gloss over on that political difference and discuss trade. trade worth is--turkey gets all of its energy from russia, and russia's second largest export is turkey after germany.

they want to increase it to $100 billion by 2020. expect agreements to be signed during today's meetings, and those agreements pushing towards achieving that ambitious goal of increasing their bilateral trade. >> still to come on the program, charging the barricades, the most violent confrontation so far between police and protesters in hong kong. justice world aid say that scientists are concerned about drugs used by patience to keep disease at bay. there is more after the break.

>> welcome back. two bombs have exploded in a market in nigeria. it comes after gunmen attacked an university earlier on monday. the world food program said it has suspended a food voucher scheme because money has run out. it was providing aid to refugees in jordan, iraq and turkey. morit needs more than $64 million for this month alone. energy supplies ar talks are due between russia and turkey.

ghost soldiers have been discovered. troops who appear on the ministry role but do not exist. nicole johnston reports. >> reporter: at a time when iraq needs more than ever, corruption has been revealed on a grand scale. 50,000 soldiers. the equivalent of four full divisions arrive, not turning up to work, or simply don't even exist. some officers may be pocketing the money claiming more soldiers than they really have. whatever is going on, iraq's prime minister wants to find out and stop it. >> i'm sad that we paid the salaries during this period. all these salaries as iraq does not have the money. our soldiers have been fighting. some have been killed, these are people who are receiving

salaries who are not present on the ground. >> new army recruits receive $65 a mont$600 a month, and the ghost soldiers could be costing iraq $380 million a year. when confronted by fighters from the islamic state in iraq and the levant or isil, corruption was blamed as one reason for the collapse. and with isil controlling large parts of northern iraq the army is under pressure to perform. it also needs more money. almost a quarter of iraq's budget next year will go to defense and security. that's a sevenfold increase on last year. >> the fighting against corruption is as important as fighting against isis. and we could not defeat isis with a corrupt army or corrupt

police or corrupt iraqi security forces. >> the u.s. plans to give iraq $1.6 billion to arm and train soldiers peshmerga fighters and tribes. right now some in washington may be wondering just how wisely that money will be spent. nicole johnston, al jazeera. >> protests are continuing across egypt. demonstrations were held in several university campuses on sunday as there have been calls for more protests on monday. we have this report. >> the chance of university have been loud and clear. the people demand the fall of the regime. thousands of angry students continue to take part in protests in the company and across egypt. furious at the acqui acquittal

of hosni mubarak, many describe a corrupt judiciary and against military rule. egypt's second city of alexandria similar scenes of anger occupy the university campuses. and in other areas female students led their colleagues in marchs showing the opposition present of al sisi and military rule is still very much alive. away from the university ironically just a stone's throw away the symbol that brought about the fall of mubarak, anti-coup protesters tried to gather. this was the response of the security services. police beating them to the ground, activists say dozens of people from arrested.

there have been severe divisions amongst groups. those oppose to military rule say that there is a reason for them to unite again. it appears that the country's students are taking the lead. al jazeera. >> al jazeera continues to demand the release of its three journalist who is have now been held in prison in egypt for 338 days. mohamed fahmy, bader mohammed, and peter greste were jailed on false charges of helping the outlawed muslim brotherhood. they're appealing their convictions. a bomber has killed nine people in afghanistan. another 20 people were wounded. the bomber blew himself up among mourners for a tribal elder.

british m.p.s wanting to visit hong kong as part of an inquire to relations of its former colony had its visit blocked by china. demonstrators want the people of hong kong to be allowed to choose their candidates without interference from beijing. >> reporter: as morning rush hour approach the police move in scattering protesters and demolishing their tents. hundreds of officers in riot gear force the demonstrators off the road outside of the main government building. the morning action followed a night of the most violent clas clashes seen on the streaks of hong kong during a two-month struggle. battles in the main occupation

site. student leaders had called for a big turnout for what they said would be a new tactics, telling protesters to be prepared with goggles and masks. then they revealed they would try to paralyze the government by laying siege to all the entrances to the government headquarters. the police would be prepared for the blockade using pepper spray. they're not winning any concessions after two months in this campaign, and out of anger of losing an occupation site. demonstrators are determined that the main demonstration sites would not go the same way. >> 13 members of the a par paramilitary force has been

killed. the police say the attack took place in remote parts of india. it has been described as india's biggest internal security thre threat. world aide a.i.d.s. day, but some doctors are concerned about anti-viral drugs given to patients. they have been a miracle to millions of sufferers, but it could cause the virus to mutant. >> the hospital in ma lan is typical of the front line for hiv and aids. many are here for one vital thing, the anti-retro viral drugs. >> when they told me that i had to take four kinds of pills. i was really scared because everyone knows that it brings a lot of troubles. >> the drugs are from 27

different medications. they're designed to suppress the virus in the body and often make transmission more difficult. but dr. jane leavy, among one of the first to discover the virus in the 80's believes that i the drugs may help the virus to mutate into a different form, one that we cannot treat. >> i am quite concerned if we continue to advocate the use of drugs in this country or in europe, we may be breeding a multi resistant virus that can come back and haunt us. >> it can occur when there is too little drugs in the body the

doctor said that most anti-retro viral cocktails remain effecti effective. >> they maintain efficacy, i think we're a long way off from this situation where the h.i.v. will become significantly more difficult to treat. >> but only three in ten h.i.v. americans have the virus under control and developing new drugs is bleak. >> we're now where we don't have a lot of up coming drugs. also the targets are different. >> at this moment drugs are working, hopefully. i'm afraid of the future. some day it may stop work or it will bring me other problems. most scare me now. >> for the moment the strategy

is to medicate as many people as early as possible holding the virus off until someone finds a way to irradicate it. but that approach comes with risk. eradication is something that experts believe we're unlikely to see for decades. jacob ward, al jazeera, san francisco. >> peru is on the front line of global warming. it's home to 70% of the world's tropical glaciers. but they're disappearing at an alarming rate. we have reports high up in the andes mountains. >> for centuries people have relied on melt water in the mountains. here in the city the markets are full of produce. but there is a problem, the mountain's water source is slowly disappearing. the rivers run fast for now, but the glaciers that feed them are melting away.

>> benjamin morales is a glacierologist. he remembers the glacier in its heyday when people even skied here. >> until--it stretched all the way down. >> we walk where once ice hundreds of meters deep now the glacier has receded all the way back to the face of the mountain. >> we're losing time because all the glaciers, it's going to the sea. >> it is a stunning science but full of danger. new lagoons of ice is forming, increased threats of mudslides and flooding disasters. >> they say this glacier is melting at such an incredible rate that it could be gone in 30 or 40 years, and across peru all the nation's tropical glaciers are disappearing at ever

increasing rates. that's creating an enormous problem for those who rely on this as a water source. >> down the mountain the crops are growing, but things are changing. >> we've seen climate changes in the last four years. it's become much hotter and our soil dries out more quickly. there are cold winds from the mountains and plants are less resistant to the climate change. >> nicholas is working with the changes. he's built a reservoir so he can manage his water supply when the river runs low. the future here and across the world, it seems, is on looming uncertainty. nick clark, al jazeera, juarez,

peru. >> there is more on the perils of climate change on our website. we've got all the day's news and all the latest on sport. that's at our www.aljazeera.com we. . >> for years the struggle to limit the spread of h.i.v. was to change people's before. does the use of a preventative drug treatment challenge the tech aids of hard work. it's inside story. >> i'm