>> more violence in libya. three bombs explode in the east killing at least 45 people. ♪ i'm live from our al jazeera headquarters in doha. also ahead on the program. the armed group al-shabab claims responsibility for a deadly attack in somali's capitol. government officials are among the victims. crunch talks in brussels as greece seeks to extend its european loan program. >> i'm in istanbul explaining

why new regulations say that [ inaudible ] pass a height test before it is considered authentic. ♪ at least 45 people have been killed in several explosions in eastern libya. the blasts took place 250 kilometers east of benghazi. hoda abdel hamid has more now from derna near the libyan border. >> reporter: we know that a police station a gas station, and it appears also the residence of the speaker of the dissolve parliament or, i.e. the -- now the parliament sits in tobruk the u.n.-recognized one. this is his hometown and he

said that this was in retaliation for the air strikes that were carried out by egypt in the eastern town of derna. the somali armed group, al-shabab has claimed responsibility for two explosions in the capitol mogadishu. at least 11 people have been killed including two members of parliament. the central hotel was the target. it is popular with somali officials because it is near the presidential palace. >> translator: i was in the mosque when the first blast went off, i escaped and saw a lot of people lying dead on the ground. i was shocked. >> reporter: somali government spokesman updated us on the situation a little while ago. >> the terrorists al-shabab have attacked a hotel, and then they killed a number of people in a

mosque. so far we can trying to get the confirmation of [ inaudible ] very clear that al-shabab is to blame [ inaudible ] the determination of somalia, and we are going to fight this terrorism that wants to destroy the country and the people of somalia. >> reporter: the underindependent international commission of inquiry on syria has just published a new report onner war crimes in syria. joining us from the u.n. is our diplomatic editor james bayes. james what are the new findings of this report? >> reporter: the main findings are a krim catalog of violations of international law, in effect war crimes, and they talk about crimes committed by all parties. they talk about massacres, seven

incidents listed that they believe were massacres committed by the state government, five by armed groups and numerous massacres by isil. their details aren't as up to date on isil because it is hard to get to these areas and get information from some of these areas of syria. they talk about torture, torture in syrian government jail barrel bombings imprisonment executions. it's a really grim report and the ninth of these reports they published. it gets worse every time. because of that they have much tougher recommendations this time around. >> take us through some of the recommendations, james. >> yes, in the past they have always said the way to deal with this is the international criminal court. but as you know the only way for the international criminal court to investigate syria, is if the syrian government were to

refer who was going on in syria to the international criminal court, and they are not going to do that. so for the first time they are recommending that there should be some sort of ad hoc tribunal or special court. they say that urgent consideration should be given to the creation of such a tribunal. that's something new, and we'll have to see what sort of support there is for that among the international community. the other important development out of this report is that they tell us that they have been compiling lists over the last previous years of perpetrators those they believe are guilty of war crimes. they kept those lists confidential. now they are saying they may well decide to make the list publish. in fact the recommendation says not to publish the names would be to reinforce the impunity

that the commission was made to combat. the report is to be presented formally on the 17th of march in geneva. they may make the controversial decision to name names. >> james thank you. speaking to us from the united states. diplomatic efforts to try to stop the ongoing violence in ukraine continue with the leaders of france and germany meeting in paris. both countries said the terms of the minsk agreement must be observed. the agreed ceasefire was to start five days ago, but has repeatedly been broken. paul brennan reports now from donetsk. >> reporter: in central donetsk the sound of explosions varies in intensity but never really stops. both sides have been exchanging artillery fire as if the ceasefire deal in minsk had

never been signed. school 59 took a direct hit. the school only reopened three days ago after repairing the damage from a previous attack. five times in the last six months this school was caught in the cross fire of the artillery between the separatists forces and the ukrainian army. they just spent more than $2,000 putting new windows back in and they waited until tuesday to reopen because they hoped that the ceasefire would provide some degree of calm. the sense of grievance is enormous. >> translator: we spent so much money, so much of our hard work. we changed all of the windows for plastic ones. the money was collected by the parents of the children. we tried to bring the school back to normal. but you see what happens. they shell us. thanks very much poroshenko. >> reporter: hitting this school even accidentally could scarily

be more counterproductive. the geography teacher has spent 20 years assembling the artifacts here. >> translator: the souls of my ukrainian ancestors are here she says. it was so beautiful. and now they tell me i'm a separatists and a terrorist? it's unbelievable. >> reporter: helping the clearup eh forth are these 15-year-old cousins. they say they don't understand why this is happening. >> translator: we feel all emotions simultaneously but most of all we feel insulted. we were living here. everything was normal and then they came and started shelling us. >> translator: by shelling us the ukrainians are shelling themselves. >> reporter: another shell lands in front of this residential block. a few returned on friday to

survey the latest damage and all of the time the sound of nearby shell fire continued. >> translator: it's very difficult. when you come out to the street you are afraid. i tremble with fear. i'm scared of a shell landing next to me and tearing me apart. it's such a terrible fear. in all of my life i have never felt as scared as i do now. >> reporter: the experience of these feem completely contra dick those who claim the battle of debaltseve has been the only vool lags of the minsk piece agreement. for now the only lesson being learned here is that in ukraine, ceasefires work only on paper. paul brennan al jazeera, donetsk. the upper house of the u.k. parliament, the house of laws has accused europe of a misreading of the ukrainian situation, saying it had sleepwalked into the crisis. in moscow this report has gone down well as rory challands now

explains. >> reporter: for many years russia has complained that its interests and concerns are ignored in weatherern capitols. the argument goes issues russia considers paramount to issues are arrogantly advanced in the face of russian objection. so it's little wonder that this british report which accuses the u.k. and e.u. of sleepwalking into the ukrainian crisis it is little wonder it is being picked up by state news agencies. the report's conclusion that europe and russia should be talking to each other about shared shared shared strategic interests that goes down well here. it's make or break day for

greece. neave barker is monitoring events at the euro group meeting in brussels and filed this report. >> reporter: it's now crunch day for greece and it's crunch day for the euro group as well although the deadline for the renewal of the bailout isn't until the 28th. that's next week. and a decision needs to be made this afternoon to allow european parliaments the chance to ratify. greece put forward something of a compromised deal of its own, asking for a six-month loan extension that buys it some time to pay off some of its immediate creditors, and a longer fix to its economic woes. response in europe has been mixed. the germans unofficially felt strongly that it did not meet the demands they were looking for. but the european commission president felt on thursday that it was a step in the right direction. similar feelings also from the

french as well. a little bit earlier on this afternoon, the german chancellor speaking in the french capitol said that it was now time to call for greece to make quote, significant improvements to its aid request. when the greek finance minister arrived here in brussels though, he seemed positive. he feels that a white smoke moment, as he put it may well happen sometime soon. plenty more still ahead on al jazeera. we ask what happens now in afghanistan where the so-called war economy is coming to an end. plus -- i'm rob ren alds in arizona, where native americans are protesting a deal that allows a multinational mining organization to begin a giant copper mine on public land. ♪ studying deadly viruses. >> these facilities are incredibly safe, incredibly secure.

>> go inside the study of infectious diseases. >> ventilated footy pajamas. >> protecting those working to protect us. >> we always have to stay one step ahead of them because they're out there. >> techknow's team of experts show you how the miracles of science... >> this is my selfie, what can you tell me about my future? >> can affect and surprise us. >> don't try this at home. >> "techknow" where technology meets humanity. monday, 5:30 eastern.

♪ >> you are watching al jazeera. the headlines now. at least 45 people have been killed in three car bomb attacks in the eastern libyan town. militants claiming loyalty to isil have reportedly claimed responsibility. al-shabab has claimed responsibility for two explosions in the capitol of mogadishu. two members of parliament were killed in the attack. the u.n. is calling for a special tribunal to investigate and bring perpetrators in syria to justice. they say both sides have committed crimes. turkey and the u.s. want to

start training moderate syrian rebels on turkish soil early next month. meanwhile, syrian's information minister says if the u.n. wants a ceasefire to succeed, it has to get the countries that back the rebels on board. victoria gatenby reports. >> reporter: the moderate syrian opposition which is battling both isil fighters and the president's forces is about to get some much-needed help. the united states military says it has identified 1200 syrian opposition fighters for potential training. the turkish government will provide an equal number of trainers. the agreement was signed on thursday. >> the region is better off. and i agree this is the start. >> reporter: the turkish government says the opposition fighters could also target president bashar al-assad's

forces. >> translator: they will fight against the islamic state and the elements. >> reporter: u.s. officials say a deal for a training facility in jordan is imminent and locations in saudi arabia and qatar could be ready within the year. on the ground the battles continue. [ gunfire ] >> reporter: these are fighters from the front, an alliance of sunni opposition groups battling government forces in aleppo. they have just regained control of farmland in the north of the city. >> translator: god is greatest. thanks to god, the heros managed to liberate our farmland and expelled the gangs from here. >> reporter: the united nations is trying to end the fighting in aleppo aleppo. they want to get aid in and possibly lay the ground for a political process.

until now opposition fighters haven't been convinced. siria's information minister says other countries which have supported opposition groups must convince them to comply with the ceasefire. >> translator: the success of any effort related to the war on syria, depends on the capacity of the parties that finance the armed terrorist groups. >> reporter: the syrian government says it is prepared to suspend its aerial attacks on aleppo for six weeks in a trial ceasefire. but opposition groups want guarantees president assad's forces will take advantage of a lull in the fighting. u.s. military commanders are preparing iraqi and kurdish forces to recapture the city of mosul from isil fighters. they say the operation involving 25,000 soldiers is being planned for april or may. the u.s. will provide training and air support, but there has

been no decision on whether it will put boots on the ground. mosul was once home to a million people, and has been held by isil fighters since last june. imran khan has more from bagdad about what could be a street-to-street battle for mosul. >> reporter: the ground has been prepared for an all-out assault against mosul city itself. coalition air strikes have cut off a major supply route between an isil strong hold and mosul itself. however, getting 25,000 troops that are needed for this assault in place will take a little while. also the iraqis have learned from the defeats they have faced against isil and they say they are much better prepared to take on isil fighters. but there is an issue that nobody seems to be talking about, and that is one of civilian casualties.

the civil population had fled in other areas, but that is not the case with mosul. there are a million civilians effectively being held by isil. we have seen isil be able to repel iraqi army forces before. so civilian casualties are going to be a very big issue for the iraqis. the prime minister at the very outset said we do welcome this help but we need to avoid civilian casualties. rival factions in yemen have agreed on a transitional council to help govern the country. the deal is the first break through to reconciliation since the houthi takeover earlier this month. hashem ahelbarra has more. >> reporter: yes, ma'am mren's political factions reach a deal on forming the transitional council. it's a new chamber in parliament which along with the house of

representatives will be yemen's highest authority. >> this council will be in charge to lead the country for the next two years. the representation within this council, 50% for the southerners, 30% for women, and 20% for youth. but again, the details of the distribution of these seats have not been agreed on. so this is an initial deal and very far from a final deal. >> reporter: and yemen's political crisis continues. the main factions are yet to agree on a presidential council which is going to be the highest executive body. an interim government how to reform the army and the police and disband armed militias. but the houthis who control the capitol say their popular committees won't disarm and will have the upper hand in the areas they control. the sunni majority remains

skeptical. with tribesmen gathering in an al-qaeda strong hold. they are forming a new force to defend their city against shia houthis. in the predominantly south, anti-houthi sentiment is on the rise. in the city of ta'izz protesters take to the street to denounce the takeover. the growing opposition to the houthi rising influence, is something many believe could trigger a wider military confrontation that may spin out of control. to afghanistan now whereas foreign troops and companies continue their withdraw the so-called war economy is coming to an end, leaving thousands of people out of work. >> reporter: they start gathering at dawn. jobless men with the tools of their trade. there are painters builders and bricklayers, all of them

desperate for work. >> translator: i was working for a foreign agricultural organization. it has 1,500 employees. now it has less than 50. i'm responsible for 40 people in the family. and i haven't made any money for two months. >> reporter: most men here had jobs somehow linked to the war economy. working for ngo's, the military or construction projects. but now the work is gradually drying up. all over kabul thousands of people are waiting on the side of the road looking for a job. they are angry and frustrated, but with the country's unemployment rate growing, their chances of getting anything are looking very remote. others blame the government and its failure to agree on a new cabinet for driving investors away. this man says why aren't they making peace among themselves instead of filling their

pockets. on the edge of the city diggers lie idle in the dust. construction machinery lined up with not a customer in site. mohammed was a refugee in pakistan. he returned home to set up his business. it was making 3$300,000 a year. now profits are down by more than half. >> the pouring of the american money and the money of the other people it was not realistic. it should not be considered a realistic economy. because it was suddenly disappeared. >> reporter: the new president says the economy can no longer rely on foreign aid, and the focus should be on developing mineral resources. but this will take time. economic growth has slumped from an average rate of 9% a year to 3 to 4% since the trooped pulled out. >> we have seen the closure of more than 600 projects, and it

has deprived almost 50,000 afghans, afghan intellectuals, and professionals and they are left jobless. >> reporter: they are left to join the crowd of unemployed men. knowing there are hardly any jobs to go around. in venezuela a major critic of the president has been arrested. the mayor of caracas has been accused of being involved in a coup attempt. the arrest comes on the within-year anniversary of the start of anti-government demonstrations. in the u.s. state of arizona a bitter fight over land is being played out. on one side a powerful mining company which wants to mine copper at the site. on the other side native americans who consider it a holy place. rob reynolds reports. >> reporter: marching to save sacred ground remembers of the

apache tribe are protesting a proposed copper mine on land the apaches say is holy. they say it's a matter of religious freedom. >> they talk about the war -- the religious war overseas, well there's one right here happening. >> reporter: this part of arizona is riddled with huge copper mines. amid the scarred landscape sits oak flat. a rare desert habit with natural ponds and streams, but there's an enormous deposit of copper underneath. rio tinto has been trying to get at the copper for more than a decade. late last year as the u.s. congress was about to adjourn, supporters of the mine quietly slipped a small addition into another wise unrelated military

spending bill. in that allows rio tinto to take over the land and begin mining. environmentalist says the mine would destroy wildlife habitat, water sources, and leave behind a gigantic pit. >> according to the company's own figures, the cater would be a thousand feet deep and 2.5 miles in diameter. >> reporter: the lawmakers behind the bill include the former republican presidential candidate, senator john mccain. asked for comment, the senator's office emailed a statement from sthen ter predicting the mine will create nearly 4,000 jobs. apache tribal officials reject the economic argument. >> yes, we all want jobs we all do. but we want jobs that will not destroy the future of our children. >> reporter: rio tinto declined a request for an on come are

interview. a spokesman emailed a response saying it is committed to partnerships. but native americans say they can't and won't compromise over their cultural heritage. >> all of these different things that the government throws at us it's really to get rid of us. i can't see it any other way. to get rid of our culture, you know you might as well just bomb us. rrm environmental reviews might take several years before fining can begin. the apaches say they won't give up until their sacred land is safe. for those of you who don't know baklave is a sugary sweet aboved not only in turkey but around the world. and now the government has introduced strict criteria for authentic baklave. the move is to stop producers from cutting corners. >> reporter: this is one of the

most famous baklava bakeries in istanbul. in that legendary turkish desert but some unscrupulous manners have been substituting pistachios with peas. to the turkish standard institute has stepped in and it has created standards for the perfect baklave. and amongst other things it should have this nice golden top that you can see. it shouldn't, they say leave a sore throat when you have eaten it. and it needs to meet minimum height requirements of 35 millimeters. so we'll test out the height and yes, they are in fact a little bit more than 35 mill meters. and we'll give it a try.

um. that is delicious. for me that is the perfect piece of baklave. [ laughter ] he gets all the best assignments. a reminder you can keep up to date with all of the news on our website, at aljazeera.com. can we teach robots morality? the u.s. is betting millions on the prospect. later from catching criminals to reading emotions, mind-blowing advances in facial recognition software, bringing computers frighteningly close to mind-reading.